高中英语虚拟语气用法小结

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(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

(完整版)虚拟语气用法小结

虚拟语气用法小结一、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句,一类是虚拟条件句。

如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件何.在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。

如: If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park.如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的,或将来不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。

如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it。

如果他昨天见到你,他会问你这件事的。

(事实上他昨天没见到你,因此也未能问你这件事。

)1。

在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。

虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:2。

错综时间条件句:有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致(表示错综时间的虚拟语气),这时动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。

If you had listened to the doctor, you would be all right now。

如果你当初听了医生的话,身体现在就好了。

(从句动作指过去,主句动作指现在)3。

省略连词if (倒装)。

在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或 should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装.Should he come (If he should come), tell him to ring me up.Were I you (If I were you), I would not do it。

Were I to meet him tomorrow (= if I were to met him tomorrow), I should ask him about it。

要是我明天见到他,我就会问他这件事的。

Had I had the money last year (= if I had had the money last year), i would have bought the house. 如果我去年有了这笔钱,我就买那所房子了.Should there be any trouble with the boiler, the automatic controlling unit would cut off the fuel oil supply. 假如锅炉出问题的话,自控装置会自动切断燃油的供给.4。

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

(完整版)英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结英语中的虚拟语气是一种表示非事实或想象的语气,用来表达对现实情况的猜测、愿望、要求、建议、命令和反讽等。

虚拟语气主要通过动词的形式和句子的结构来表达。

一、虚拟语气的用法:1.表达建议、要求、命令、禁止:- 主语+动词原形+宾语(动词原形要用动词底形、如be);- 主语+动词原形+that从句(用于表达建议、命令、禁止,动词原形用“should + 动词原形”或用情态动词)。

例句:- It is important that he be present at the meeting.(建议)- I suggest that he should go to the doctor.(建议)- They insisted that he leave the room immediately.(命令)2.表达愿望、请求、要求:-主语+动词过去式;- 主语+would/could/might + 动词原形;- 主语+动词过去式+宾语+should + 动词原形。

例句:- I wish I could fly.(愿望)- I would appreciate it if you could help me.(请求)3.表示虚拟条件:- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时,主句用would/should/might/could + have + 过去分词;- If条件从句中的谓语动词用过去时,主句用would/should/could + 动词原形。

例句:- If I had known his phone number, I would have called him.(虚拟条件)- If you had listened to me, we could have finished the project earlier.(虚拟条件)4.表达建议、要求、祝愿:- If only内部称述 + 主语 + 过去式。

高中英语 虚拟语气三大类用法归纳

高中英语 虚拟语气三大类用法归纳

虚拟语气三大类用法归纳【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1. Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I_________(have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with y ou.2. Were it not for the snowy weather, we _________(be) all right.3. If I had a million dollars, I _________(put) it in the bank.4. If I __________(take) had taken your advice yesterday, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.5. If the captain had been more careful, his ship (sink).6. If the Watergate Incident_______________(occur) Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.7. If you had taken my advice, you wouldn’t __________(fail) have failed in the exam.8. If it ________/____________/______________(rain) tomorrow, we would not go climbing.9. This printer is of good quality. If it _______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.10. Grace doesn’t want to move to New York because she thinks if she___________(live) there, she wouldn’t be able to see her parents very often.11. If it _________(be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.12. If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he ________(be) able to speak it much better now.13. If you had told me the news yesterday, I ___________(worry) so worried now.14. What would have happened _______ Bob walked farther, as far as the river bank?15. _________he to leave today, he would get there by Friday.16. _________ she my daughter, I wouldn't allow her to study abroad.17. _________ I worked hard, I would have surely succeeded.18. We ______________(put) John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.19. Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway _____________(write) his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.20. _________ your help, I wouldn't have succeeded anyway.【答案与解析】1. had。

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和情况

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和情况

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法和情况虚拟语气是英语中的一种特殊语气,用于表达与事实相反、与现实相反或与说话人的愿望、建议、命令等相反的假设情况。

在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的正确用法对于理解和准确表达意思至关重要。

本文将归纳总结高中英语中虚拟语气的用法和情况。

一、虚拟语气的基本情况1. 过去虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)过去虚拟语气用于表示与现在事实相反的虚拟状态或行为。

例如:If I were you, I would study harder.如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

2. 现在虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)现在虚拟语气用于表示与过去事实相反的虚拟状态或行为。

例如:I wish I lived in a big city.我希望我住在一个大城市。

3. 将来虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)将来虚拟语气用于表示与现在或将来事实相反的虚拟状态或行为。

例如:If it should rain tomorrow, we would cancel the picnic.如果明天下雨,我们会取消野餐。

二、虚拟语气的具体用法1. 虚拟条件语句虚拟条件语句用于表示与现实相反的条件情况。

例如:If she were here, she would help you.如果她在这里,她会帮助你。

2. 虚拟愿望语句虚拟愿望语句用于表达对于现在或将来不可能实现的愿望。

例如:I wish I had more free time.我希望我有更多的空闲时间。

3. 虚拟建议语句虚拟建议语句用于表示对于过去的事情提出建议。

例如:I wish you had listened to me earlier.我希望你早点听我的话。

4. 虚拟命令语句虚拟命令语句用于表示对于过去的事情给出命令或要求。

例如:I demanded that he apologize immediately.我要求他立即道歉。

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳以下是高中英语虚拟语气的用法归纳:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,表示假设、愿望、建议、命令、猜测等非真实的情况。

一、基本用法1. 与现在事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + 动词过去式(be 动词用 were)主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If I were you, I would study harder. (如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

)Wouldn't life be boring if we had everything we wanted? (如果我们想要什么就有什么,生活岂不是很无聊?)2. 与过去事实相反条件从句:If + 主语 + had + 过去分词主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + have + 过去分词例句:If I had known your phone number, I would have called you. (如果我知道你的电话号码,我就给你打电话了。

)Couldn't you have done better if you had tried harder? (如果你再努力些,难道不能做得更好吗?)3. 与将来事实相反条件从句:① If + 主语 + 动词过去式② If + 主语 + were to + 动词原形③ If + 主语 + should + 动词原形主句:主语 + would/should/could/might + 动词原形例句:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home. (如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。

)If she were to come here tomorrow, I would be very happy. (如果她明天来这儿,我会非常高兴。

)If he should fail in the exam, how disappointed his parents would be!(要是他考试不及格,他父母该多失望啊!)二、固定搭配1. wish 后的宾语从句与现在事实相反:从句用一般过去时与过去事实相反:从句用过去完成时与将来事实相反:从句用 would/could + 动词原形例句:I wish I were as tall as you. (我希望我和你一样高。

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法总结高中英语知识点归纳——虚拟语气的用法总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它用于表达说话者的愿望、假设、建议或命令等不真实的情况。

在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的用法对于理解和运用英语语法非常重要。

本文将对虚拟语气的用法进行总结和归纳。

一、虚拟语气的用途虚拟语气用于表现非真实情况或不可能实现的愿望、条件、建议、怀疑、命令、警告等。

主要分为以下几种情况:1. 虚拟条件句:表示与现实相反的情况。

例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更加努力学习。

)2. 虚拟愿望句:表示与现实相反的愿望。

例如:I wish I could go on a vacation.(我希望我能去度假。

)3. 虚拟建议句:表示对现实的建议。

例如:I suggest that he take a break.(我建议他休息一下。

)4. 虚拟命令句:表示对现实的命令或要求。

例如:The teacher requested that all students submit their homework on time.(老师要求所有学生按时提交作业。

)5. 虚拟警告句:表示对现实的警告或威胁。

例如:If you don't stop talking, I will call the police.(如果你不停止讲话,我会报警。

)二、虚拟语气的形式1. 虚拟语气在动词的形态上表现为过去式(一般过去时或过去完成时)。

例如:I suggested that he go to the library.(我建议他去图书馆。

)2. 虚拟语气在动词的形态上表现为"were"而不是"was"。

例如:If I were you, I would apologize.(如果我是你,我会道歉。

)3. 虚拟语气在情态动词的用法上表现为"should" + 动词原形。

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法与句型

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的用法与句型虚拟语气是高中英语中重要的语法知识点之一,它在表达一些假设、条件、愿望、建议等方面起到了关键作用。

本文将对虚拟语气的用法和一些常见的句型进行归纳总结,帮助同学们更好地掌握和运用这一知识点。

一、虚拟语气的基本用法1. 表达与事实相反的假设:通常使用“if”引导,主句使用过去完成时,从句使用过去完成时或过去简单时。

例如:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力,我就能通过考试了。

2. 表达对过去情况的虚拟:通常使用“wish”引导,后接过去完成时。

例如:I wish I had gone to the party last night.我希望我昨晚去参加派对了。

3. 表达与现在事实相反的假设:主句使用过去式,从句使用过去完成时或过去简单时。

例如:She would be happier if she had more friends.如果她有更多朋友,她会更开心。

4. 表达对现在情况的虚拟:通常使用“wish”引导,后接过去时。

例如:I wish I were a bird and could fly in the sky.我希望我是一只鸟,可以在天空中飞翔。

5. 表达对将来的不可能或不太可能的情况:主句使用过去式,从句使用过去完成时。

例如:If I were you, I would not go to that dangerous place.如果我是你,我不会去那个危险的地方。

二、常见虚拟语气句型1. 虚拟语气与建议:It is important (necessary, advisable, essential, etc.) that + 主语 + (should) + 动词原形例如:It is necessary that you (should) finish your homework before playing games.你在玩游戏前完成作业是必要的。

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的特殊情况和特殊用法

高中英语知识点归纳虚拟语气的特殊情况和特殊用法虚拟语气是英语中的一种语法现象,常常用于表达与事实相反、与现实不符或只存在于想象中的情况。

在高中英语学习中,掌握虚拟语气的特殊情况和特殊用法对于提高语言运用能力和理解能力很有帮助。

本文将对高中英语中虚拟语气的特殊情况和特殊用法进行归纳总结。

一、虚拟语气的特殊情况1. 条件句中表达与现实相反的情况(1)与过去事实相反如果主句是过去时态,从句多使用过去完成时态来表示与过去事实相反的情况。

e.g. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我当时学得更努力,我就能通过考试了。

)(2)与现在事实相反如果条件句表示与现在事实相反的情况,常用虚拟语气的形式是:动词原形+were,即使主语是第一人称单数或复数。

e.g. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky.(如果我是一只鸟,我就会在天空飞翔。

)(3)与将来事实相反(对未来的虚拟)如果条件句表示对将来事实的虚拟,常用虚拟语气的形式是:should/were to + 动词原形。

e.g. If it should/were to rain tomorrow, the picnic would be canceled.(如果明天下雨,野餐将会取消。

)2. 含蓄虚拟语气含蓄虚拟语气常用于对过去某一动作的猜测、推测或后悔等情况的表达。

常用动词有:wish, suggest, propose等。

e.g. I wish I knew the answer.(我希望我知道答案。

)3. 虚拟语气在名词从句中的使用在名词从句中,特殊情况下可以使用虚拟语气。

一般来说,主句的谓语动词应该是要求、建议、命令、感到奇怪、怀疑等含义,从句中使用虚拟语气。

e.g. It is necessary that you be here on time.(你按时到这儿很有必要。

虚拟语气英语知识点总结

虚拟语气英语知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念。

虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测或建议等。

二、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。

1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were)),主句(主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形)。

- 例如:If I were you, I would study harder.(如果我是你,我会更努力学习。

实际上我不是你)2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If+主语+had+过去分词),主句(主语+would/should/could/might + have+过去分词)。

- 例如:If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.(如果他听了我的建议,他就会通过考试了。

实际上他没听建议,也没通过考试)3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。

- 结构:从句(If+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形),主句(主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形)。

- 例如:If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我们就会待在家里。

明天是否下雨还不确定,但这是一种假设情况)- 或者If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.(如果他明天来,我就会告诉他这个消息)- 以及If I were to see her tomorrow, I would give her the book.(如果我明天见到她,我就会把书给她)三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。

1. wish后的宾语从句。

- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词用were)。

高中虚拟语气的用法归纳

高中虚拟语气的用法归纳一、高中虚拟语气一般使用在主语之间,标志着主语之间存在着一种虚拟的条件关系,而常表示一种“假设”、“愿望”、“要求”、“可能”等假设状况。

二、具体来看,高中虚拟语气既有反意疑问句式,又有非反意疑问句式。

三、反意疑问句式是指虚拟语气表示两个条件互斥的假设,即如果一个条件真实存在,那么另一个条件就不存在。

如:If you had gone to the party, you would not be here now. (假如你去了晚会,你现在就不在这里。

)四、非反意疑问句式指虚拟语气表示两个条件共存的假设,即如果一个条件真实存在,那么另一个条件也存在。

如:If you had scored enough points, you would have won the game.(假如你得了足够多的分数,你就会赢得比赛。

)五、此外,虚拟语气也可以用来表达一种“愿望”,即表示希望某件事情发生,这时常用虚拟式“wish”,”wish you would”, “if only”等结构。

如:I wish he would understand me.(我希望他能理解我。

)六、另外,虚拟语气也可以用来表达一种“命令”和“要求”,这时常用虚拟式“should”,”ought to”等结构。

如:You ought to give up smoking.(你应该戒烟。

)七、在某些情况下,虚拟语气的句子可以表达一种可能、可能性、可能发生的推测。

这时常用虚拟式“may”,”might”,”could”等结构。

如:He might be at home.(他可能在家。

)八、由此可见,虚拟语气在日常英语口语中广泛存在,可以用于表达各种状况和愿望,提高句式的丰富性;另外,准确掌握虚拟语气的用法,也有助于提高高中生的英语表达水平。

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虚拟语气用法小结
白杨林
河南省社旗县第二高级中学
虚拟语气表示说话人所说的事或话不是事实,而是一种假设,愿望,怀疑或推测。

它主要用于条件从句,让步从句和名词性从句中。

一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法:
虚拟语气常用在条件句中,表假设的情况与事实相反或不太可能实现,这种句子称为虚拟条件句。

可分为下列几种情况:
(一)由if引导虚拟条件句。

如:If I were you,I should study hard.如:If you had come here,you could have met my brother.这种句子的谓语动词一般分三种情况:
1、假设的条件与现在的事实相反,主从句的谓语动词应为:If主+动词过去式或were…,主+would/should/could/might+V、(原形)(主句中should 一般只用于第1人称)。

如:If it were not for the smowy weather ,we would be all right.
例1、If I you,I would go with him to the party.
A、was
B、were
C、had been
D、will be
析:该句为if引导的条件句,从主语谓语看“would go”(是与现在事实相反),套用上边句型,从句谓语应为动词过去式,若是be动词应为were,所以该题答案应为B。

2、假设的条件与过去事实相反,其句子结构应为:If+主+had done…,主+would/could/should/mi ght+have done…
例2、 more careful,his ship would not have sunk.
A、If the captain were
B、Had the captain been
C、Should the captain be
D、If the captain would have been
析:该题题干部分有一谓语动词为would not have sunk,由此可知是对过去事情的虚拟,便可推出从句的谓语动词应为had done形式,再看选项,
含有had done的只有B,该题正确答案即是B。

(当if引导的虚拟条件中有were,had,should时,可省略if,把were,had,should提到主语之前)。

3、与将来的事实相反或对将来的推测
从句动词用动词过去式或were to+v(原)或should+v(原),主句用would/should/could/might+v(原)如:
If there were to be meeting this tvening,I would come.如果今晚没有会议的话,我就来。

例3、If it tomorrow,we would have to put off the sport meet.
A、were rain
B、should rain
C、would rain
D、will rain
析:根据语境中的tomorrow,可知是表将来的条件句谓语可用did/werre to/should do,主句用would do根据所给选项只有B项正确。

(二)由介词without,but for等构成的短语所表示的虚拟条件如:But for the air(=If there were no air),no life on earth could have been developed.如果没有空气,地球上就不可能产生任何生命。

(三)通过上下文体现虚拟条件,句子往往有but,other
wise,unfortunately等类似转折词。

如:He would gain weight but he doesn't eat enough.(=If he ate much,he would gain weight.)他本可以增加体重,但他吃得不够多。

She ran,othervvise she would have missed her bus.(=If she had not run,she would have missed her bus.)她要是不跑,就错过了这趟公共汽车了。

二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法
(一)在wish后的宾语从句中,表示一种愿望,此时that常省略,从句谓语常用虚拟语气,分三种情况:
1、宾语从句表示与现在事实相反,从句中谓语用动词过去式或。

如:I wish
I were with her now.
2、宾语从句表示与过去事实相反,则用“had+过去分词”。

如:I wish I had not failed in the last exam.
3、宾从表示与将来事实或不确定的将来事实相反用
would/should/could/might+v(原)。

如:"I wish you would help me to put these things away,"he said.
2、在表建议要求,命令、主张等动词如suggest(建议)advise request,demand ,order, command等词后的宾语从句中,谓语要用虚拟语气,其结构是should+v原 shoudl可省。

如:I suggest that you (should) go home as soon as possible.
3、用在表语从句和同位语从句中。

如果含有表建议、命令、请求、愿望等词的相应名词如:
suggestion,advice,order,insistance作主语则表从用should+v(原)should可省,若它们后跟同位语从句也用should+v(原)如:Your suggestion that I(should)go abroad is right.
His suggestion is that we(should)have the meeting now.
4、用在would rather,had rather等后的宾从中谓语动词应用过去时或过去完成时。

如:
I would rather you were not here.
I'd rather you had been present.我宁愿你当时在场。

5、用在It is important/mecessary/…或It's a pity等结构中的主语从句中。

如:It is important that the TOEFL office(should) confirm your registration.
三、用于其它从句中的虚拟语气
1、在as if/as though从句表不可实现的事。

如:
I love her as if/though she were my daughter.
2、It is(high)time that主+ v过去式/should+v原。

如:
It is time that the government took/should take measures to proteet the race birds and animals.
3、for fear that主+should+v原。

如:
He is working hard for fear that he should fall behind.
4、用在If only句型中,意思是“要是…就好了”。

如: Look at the terrible situation I am in!
If only I had follwed your advice.。

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