被动语态讲课

Tom will clean the room tomorrow. 主
谓
宾(受动者)
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
We have made twenty more keys．
Twenty more keys have been made by us.
I was told to stand there by the teacher.
感官动词和使役动词
感官动词（see watch look at hear listen to notice ）和使役动词 （ make have ）在主动语态后跟不带的to不定式，在被动语态中要 带上to
1 We often hear her sing in her room
Exercises 1.I watched the bird fly away
The bird was watched to fly away by me
2.The students should keep the classroom clean The classroom should be kept clean by the students 3.He found a book lying on the floor . A book was found lying on the floor by him. 4The teacher had had him stay here for a long time by yesterday. He had been let to stay here for a long time by the teacher by yesterday 5.Their parents won’t allow them to go out with their friends. They won’t be allowed to go out with their friends by their parents. 6.The old man often makes us laugh. We are often made to laugh by the old man
各种时态的被动语态 一般现在时的： am/is/are +done 现在进行时的： am/is /are +being+done
一般过去时的： 过去进行时的： 一般将来时的： 过去将来时的: 现在完成时的： 过去完成时的：
含情态动词的： 不式的：
was/were+done was/were+being+done will+be +done would+be+done have /has +been +done had +been+done 情态动词+be+done to be done
The workers were made to work for 12 hours a day by the boss
4 The teacher let us stay in the classroom
We were let to stay in the classroom by the teacher
主动句变被动句的步骤
• 划分句子成分，找出主谓宾。 • 把原主动句中的宾语变成被动句的主语，如为代 词由宾格变为主格。 • 把动词改为相应时态的被动形式。这一步很容易 出错，这时的动词的人称和数要随着新的主语 （即原句中的宾语）而变。 • 把原来主动语态句子中的主语变成被动语态句子 的宾语放在介词by 后面，如果没必要可以省略， 如果是人称代词把主格变成宾格。 • 其他的成份（定语、状语、 宾补）不变。 • 被动句的句型与主动句的要保持一致。
带复合宾语（宾语+宾补）的被动语态
只把宾语变成被动句的主语，宾补不变
The work often makes me tired.(形容词做宾补）
I am often made tired by the work
We call the boy Tom.(名词做宾补）
The boy is called Tom by us
She is often heard to sing in her room by us.
2 The boss made the workers work for 12 hours a day
The workers were made to work for 12 hours a day by the boss
They saw you playing on the playground just now .（现在分词做 宾补）
You were seen playing on the playground by them just now.
The teacher told me to stand there（不定式做宾补）
复习被动语态的重难点
重点：1.各种时态的被动语态构成及应用
2.含有情态动词的被动语态
难点：1.带双宾语的被动语态。
2.带复合宾语的被动语态
3. 感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
• 2 构成：be+及物动词的过去分词 （done)。动词的过去分词永远不变， 所有的变化（即人称、数、时态的变 化）都体现在be动词上
被动语态
一、什么是语态？ 语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说 明主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
二、语态的种类：主动语态与被动语态
三、什么是主动语态？什么是被动语态？
如果主语是动作的执行者，动词就用主 动语态；反之，如果主语是动作的承受者， 动词就用被动语态 I speak English.
English is spoken all over the world.
Exercises： 1.My mother will teach me a new song. I will be taught a new song by my mother. A new song will be taught to me by my mother. 2.The teacher has told us many stories. We have been told many stories by the teacher. Many stories have been told to us by the teacher. 3.She is making him a kite now. He is being made a kite by her now A kite is being made for him by her now 4.Tom bought his father a present last week. His father was bought a present by Tom last week A present was bought for his father by Tom last week.
The match is being watched by many people
2.Did they build the bridge last year?
Was the bridge built by them last year?
3.How long may we keep the book?
Homework :
1.He is cleaning the classroom now.
2.They finished their homework. 3.I have already mended his bike.
4.She will buy him ten books tomorrow.
5.We shouldn’t break the school rules.
looked after
by
him yesterday ?
When was he cleaning his room?
谓 主 谓 宾(受动者)
When was his room being cleaned by him ?
Exercises： 1.Many people are watching the match.
Will a good idea be come up with by her?
6 how many times have they read the book?
带双宾语的被动语态(直宾+间宾)
通常把指人的间接宾语变成被动句的主语，如果 把指物的直接宾语变成被动句的主语时，须加介 词to和for(buy ,make) He gave me some books yesterday I was given some books by him yesterday. Some books were given to me by him yesterday
1.They______________(prevent)from were prevented going to the park the other day. 2.By whom were you made to cry (cry)in public. 3.Not only English but maths B in that school. A are taught C teaches B is taught D teach
改为被动语态
His brother washes bowls every day. 主 谓 宾(受动者)
Bowls are washed by his brother every day.
4．Amy can take good care of Gina ． Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.