2008年大连市初中毕业升学统一考试
大连市2008年初中毕业升学考试和中等学校招生工作意见
大连市2008年初中毕业升学考试和中等学校招生工作意见【法规类别】教育综合规定【发文字号】大招委字[2008]2号【发布部门】大连市教育局【发布日期】2008.03.27【实施日期】2008.03.27【时效性】现行有效【效力级别】XP10大连市2008年初中毕业升学考试和中等学校招生工作意见（大招委字[2008]2号）各区市县招生委员会、教育局，开发区教育卫生局：为了切实做好大连市2008年初中毕业升学考试和中等学校招生工作，根据教育部、省教育厅关于初中毕业考试和高中招生制度改革的意见，在总结2007年工作经验的基础上，市高等学校招生委员会、市教育局结合我市教育改革的实际，提出大连市2008年初中毕业升学考试和中等学校招生工作意见如下：一、指导思想初中毕业升学考试要体现九年义务教育普及性、基础性、发展性的基本性质与要求，要有利于基础教育课程改革的推进与深化，有利于减轻学生的过重课业负担，促进学生积极主动地学习，有利于巩固已取得的教育改革成果和开创新的局面，有利于高一级学校选拔新生。
二、报名（一）报名条件具有本市正式户口或长期居住在我市的外地户口的应届往届初中毕业生（含借读生）均可报名。
各类中等学校在读生、触犯法律而被追诉或正在服刑者不得报考。
（二）报名办法1、具备报名条件的应届初中毕业生和借读生在毕业学校所在地的招生办集体报名。
2、往届初中毕业生在户口所在地的招生办办理报名手续。
3、户口在大连市内四区但未在市内四区学校就读的学生报考市内高中，必须到户口所在地招生办办理报名手续。
4、采取摄像报名的办法，由区市县招生办集体采集包括考生肖像信息在内的各种信息资料。
（三）报名时间：3月26日至4月11日。
三、毕业升学考试（一）命题原则1、以课程标准为依据，试题难易程度不超过课程标准的要求，难度适中，具有一定的区分度，兼顾不同学生的学习实际和不同学校对录取新生的要求。
试题的难易程度低、中、高三档试题的比例为：7：2：1。
08年大连市中考物理试题及答案
2008年大连市初中毕业升学统一考试（本人从扫描版编辑而成，因为原图片很模糊，难免有错漏，敬请原谅）物 理本卷1～8页，满分100分，考试时间100分钟一、填空题（本题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分）1、小明乘坐游艇在海上航行，以海岸为参照物，小明是___________的；以__________为参照物，小明是静止的。
2、原子的中心是原子核，原子核是由带__________电的质子和不带电的__________组成。
3、往暖水瓶中灌水时，可以根据发出声音的___________变化来判断暖水瓶中的水的多少；听音乐时，我们能分辨出小号和钢琴声，是因为这两种乐器发出声音的__________不同。
4、煤、石油和天然气属于________再生能源；核电站的核反应堆中发生的是可以控制的核________变。
5、自行车把手上刻有凹凸不平的花纹，是为了____________摩擦；自行车刹车时，是通过增大刹车皮与车圈之间的___________来增大摩擦。
6、给蓄电池充电的过程中，电能转化为蓄电池的____________能；用手机打电话时，是利用____________来传递信息的。
7、白炽灯用久了灯丝变细，灯丝电阻变___________；滑动变阻器是通过改变连入电路中的电阻丝的_____________来改变电阻的。
8、看电影时，因为电影幕布发生___________反射，所以各个方向的观众都能看到画面；看话剧时，一位演员穿红色上衣，在蓝色灯光照射下，观众看到她的上衣是_______色。
9、如图1所示，闭合开关，小磁针静止时N 极指向通电螺线管的b 端，则通电螺线管的a 端是________极；在滑动变阻器 的滑片向右移动的过程中，通电螺线管对小磁针的磁力逐渐 ______________。
10、如图2所示，一束光线从空气射入水中，1请画出折射光线的大致方向。
11、请将图3的各元件符号连成电路，要求两灯并联，开关同事控制两盏灯。
2008年大连市初中毕业升学统一考试
2008年大连市初中毕业升学统一考试本试卷1～8页，满分100分。
考试时间100分钟。
一、填空题(本题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分)1．小明乘坐游艇在海上航行。
以海岸为参照物，小明是_________的；以_________为参照物，小明是静止的。
2．原子的中心是原子核，原子核是由带_________电的质子和不带电的_________组成。
3．往暖水瓶中灌水时，可以根据发出声音的_________变化来判断暖水瓶中水的多少；听音乐时，我们能分辨出小号声和钢琴声，是因为这两种乐器发出声音的_________不同。
4．煤、石油和天然气属于_________再生能源；核电站的核反应堆中发生的是可以控制的核_________变。
5．自行车把手上刻有凹凸不平的花纹，是为了_________摩擦；自行车刹车时，是通过增大刹车皮与车圈之间的_________来增大摩擦。
6．给蓄电池充电的过程中，电能转化为蓄电池的_________能；用手机打电话时，是利用_________来传递信息的。
7．白炽灯用久了灯丝变细，灯丝电阻变_________；滑动变阻器是通过改变连入电路中的电阻丝的_________来改变电阻的。
8．看电影时，因为电影幕布发生_________反射，所以各个方向的观众都能看到画面；看话剧时，一位演员穿红色上衣，在蓝色灯光的照射下，观众看到她的上衣是_________色。
9．如图1所示，闭合开关，小磁针静止时N极指向通电螺线管的6端。
则通电螺线管的n端是_________极；在滑动变阻器的滑片向右移动过程中，通电螺线管对小磁针的磁力逐渐_________。
10．如图2所示，一束光线从空气斜射入水中。
请画出折射光线的大致方向。
11．请将图3中的各元件符号连成电路图。
要求两灯并联，开关同时控制两盏灯。
12．图4是用杠杆吊重物的示意图。
请画出拉力F1。
对支点O的力臂，并画出挂重物的细绳对杠杆的拉力的示意图。
辽宁省大连市2008年初中毕业升学考试政治试卷及答案人教版
2008年某某市初中毕业升学统一考试思想品德本试题共８页。
两道大题，27道小题。
满分100分。
考试时间100分钟。
开卷考试。
第I卷一、选择题（本题共20道小题，1～10题每题1分，11～20题每题2分，共30分）说明：请将各题惟一正确答案的选项填入题后括号内．．1．人口、资源、环境问题归根到底是（）Ａ.生态问题2．要真正解决目前存在的“看病难、看病贵”等问题，实现“人人享有基本医疗卫生服务”的目标，摆在首位的是（）Ａ.发展生产力3．尽管两岸尚未统一，但大陆和某某同属一个中国的事实从未改变。
实现祖国完全统一的最佳方式是（）Ａ. 反对“台独”C．一个中国 D．“一国两制”4．我国处理民族关系的原则是（）Ａ．民族区域自治制度B．各民族平等、团结、互助C．民族平等、团结、共同繁荣D．尊重各民族某某信仰、风俗习惯、语言文字5．中国共产党必须遵守的根本活动准则是（）Ａ．《中国共产党章程》 B．《中华人民某某国宪法》C．《中华人民某某国民法通则》 D．社会主义法律体系6.下列说法正确的是（）Ｃ. 全国人民代表大会是我国最高的国家权力机关Ｄ.人民代表大会制是我国的国家权力机关7. 国民经济的主导力量是（）Ｂ.集体经济8．先进文化的重要内容和中心环节是（）A.发展教育和科学C.坚持社会主义荣辱观9．对学习压力与学习效率的关系表述正确的是（）A.学习压力越大，学习效率越高B.学习压力越小，学习效率越低C.学习压力适度，有利于提高学习效率D.学习压力越大，学习效率越低10. 不公开审理未成年人的案件是对未成年人的（）C.社会保护11．人的言行无不体现个人的道德素质和修养，在我们日常消费中也是这样，下列属于理性消费的有（）①购买环保的商品②盲目攀比追求名牌③购买有益书籍，注重提升精神品质④为在南方雨雪冰冻中受灾的百姓捐款Ａ. ①②③Ｂ.②③④Ｃ.①②④Ｄ.①③④12.右边漫画中的做法有利于（）①实现经济利益的最大化②各种资源充分利用③随心所欲地向自然索取④避免环境污染Ａ. ①②③Ｂ.②③④Ｃ.①②④Ｄ.①③④13.关于艰苦创业，下列说法中正确的是（）①人类社会的一切文明成果，都是艰苦创业的结晶②艰苦创业的精神是成就事业的精神力量和崇高美德③艰苦创业是新时期特有的精神④艰苦创业是社会主义建设的巨大动力A.①②③B.①③④C.①②④D.②③④14. 忠实履行义务必须做到（）①法律鼓励做的，我们积极去做②法律要求做的，我们必须去做③法律禁止做的，我们坚决不做④法律要求做的，我们积极去做Ａ.①②③Ｂ.②③④Ｃ.①②④Ｄ.①③④15．在我国，附加刑包括（）①罚金②拘役③剥夺政治权利④没收财产Ａ.①②③Ｂ. ①②③④Ｃ.①②④Ｄ.①③④16. 2007年10月15日至21日，中国共产党第十七次全国代表大会在召开。
大连市初中毕业升学统一测验试卷及答案
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交流研讨，请尊重编者的辛苦，转载请保留，谢谢
二、填空题(本题共 8 小题，每小题 3 分，共 24 分) 说明：将答案直接填在题后的横线上。
则最受欢迎的午餐是
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4．若 x a b, y a b ，则 xy 的值为 ( )
A． 2 a B． 2 b
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5．已知两圆的半径分别为 6 和 8，圆心距为 7，则两圆的位置关系是 ( )
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6．某鞋店试销一款女鞋，试销期间对不同颜色鞋的销售情况统计如下表：
9．某天的最高气温为 6°C，最低气温为－2°C，同这天的最高气温比 最低气温高__________°C． 10．如图 5，若△ABC∽△DEF，则∠D 的度数为______________．
11．随机从甲、乙两块试验田中各抽取 100 株麦苗测量高度，计算平均数和方差的结果为：
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2008 大连市中考试题
2008 大连市中考试题一、单选：1. Liu Changchun is _____ first Chinese to join the Olympics. A. a B. an C. the D./2. New York and Washington D.C are good places to visit ___ May or October. A. from B. at C. in D. on3. My father is a teacher. ______ saved four students from a failing building in the earthquake(地震).A. HeB. IC. sheD. You4. As a ____ , he tries to give the firsthand information to the public as soon as possible.A. secretaryB. passengerC. professorD. reporter5. By studying hard and not ____, you will succeed. A. giving up B. hurrying up C. progessor D. reporter6. -=May I invite you to have dinner this Friday? -- _______.A. Yes, pleaseB. Just have a lookC. Never mindD. trying out7. _____ lovely day! Let’s go for a walk. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a8. Li Ming is the photographer ____ won the Photo Competition last month. A. whose B. which C. who D. who9. It is ____ that some young people in China are starting to show interest in Peking Opera.A. crazyB. sadC. usefulD. nice10. It’s still early. You _____ worry about the time. A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. needn’t D. couldn’t11. – Thank you for your help. -- ______.A. That’s great.B. You’re welcome.C. I’m sure of thatD. I’m afraid not.12.The operation on Sandy’s broken leg ____ three hours. A. lasted B. spent C. included D. cost13. Having afternoon tea is an English ____. A. ceremony B. tradition C. menu D. food14. Tony likes listening to music, ____ he hates practising the vilion. A. but B. so C. and D. or15. Pirates of the Caribbean is one of ______ films that I have ever seen.A. very excitingB. more excitingC. much more excitingD. the most exciting16. – Could you tell me ____? - It’s just opposite the road.A. how can I get to the bus stationB. where the bus station isC. how I could get to the bus stationD. where was the bus station17. Travellers _____ to use mobile phones while flying.A. don’t allowB. are n’t allowedC. won’t allowD. didn’t allow18. Lucy uses her pocket money to buy books ____ she loves reading.A. ifB. althoughC. becauseD. until19. Mr Zhang is a teacher of rich experience. He ____ English for 20 years.A. has taughtB. will teachC. teachesD. taught20. To protect the enviroment, most supermarkets in China stopped ____ free plastic bags.A. to sendB. sendingC. to provideD. providing二、完形填空One day Mark Twain was asked whether he could remember the first money he made.He thought a while and then 21_____, “Yes. It was at school. The pupils in those days never 22______ the things of the school. They often broke the windows and glassed. There was a 23____ that any boy who broke the glass would be 24____ in front of the whole school, or have to pay five dollars.”“One afternoon I was playing football, when 25____ my ball hit the window. I ran over and found 26_____ glass broke into pieces. I could do 27____ but tell my father I had made the mistake, and that I should pay the money or be beaten before the whole school. He agreed to give me the money 28____ I could hand it over to the head teacher. But 29 ___ giving me the money, he took me upstairs and gave me a good beating.”“But having had one beating and got used to it, I decided I would accept another beating at school and 30____ the five dollars. So that’s what I did. That was the first money I ever made.”A B C D21. promise answered explained agreed22. took care of did harm(危害) to threw away picked up23. test fact rule goal24. praised(表扬) welcomed bitten beaten25 suddenly carelessly luckily carefully26. it its which whose27. nothing something everything anything28. even though rather than ever since so that29. instead thanks to before without30. accept refuse keep return三、阅读理解：A blind boy sat on the steps of a building with a hat by his feet. He held up a sign: “I am blind, please help.” There were only a few coins in that hat.A man was walking by. He took the sign from the boy, turned it around, and wrote some words. He put the sign back, so everyone would see the new words when they walked by. Soon the hat began to fill up (装满) . A lot more people were giving money.That afternoon the man came again to see how things were. The boy knew him from his footsteps and asked,: “What did you write?”The man sad, “I said what you said, but in a different way.” What he had written was “Today is a beautiful day and I cannot see it.”Both signs said that the boy was blind. But the first sign simply told people to help by putting some money in the hat. The second sign told people that they were able to enjoy the beauty of the day, but the blind boy could not. The second sign was more helpful.31. The blind boy sat on the steps of building because he ____.A. lost his moneyB. was waiting for a manC. wanted to get help from jothersD. couldn’t see the sign on the building32. When a man saw the sign held up by the blind boy, he ____.A. drew some coins on itB. put a few coins in the hatC. turned it around and walked awayD. try to do things in a different way33. The boy could recognize the man from _______.A. his foootstepsB. his voiceC. his wordsD. his accent34. We can infer(推断) from the second sign that we should _______.A. give more money to the blindB. be thankful for what we haveC. enjoy ourselves during the dayD. try to do things in a different way35. The best title of the passage is “ ______”.A. I am blind: please helpB. There is always a better wayC. Giving is better than receivingD. Today is a beautiful day and I can’t see itBDo you want to become an astronaut? If yoku want to be one of the few people to experience the thrill of lilft-off(发射), see the Earth from on high and float (漂浮) in a spacecraft, then how do you go about it ? Well:First: You must really want to become an astronaut as it takes many years of study and work before you even begin your astronaut training. Most astronauts begin when they are between 27 and 37.Second : You need to be clever enough to attend a university to study engineering, medicine or one of the sciences. Many astronauts also learn to be pilotys in their country’s air force(空军).Third: Astronauts come from many different countries, so they need to speak English so that they can all talk to one another.Fourth: You must be healthy as astronaut training can be very tiring.Lastly: On a spacecraft astronauts live and work in a very small space, so you need to get on well with people.Are you still interested? If so, maybe you will become one of the men and women that orbit the Earth in a spacecraft, walk in space or visit Mars. See you in space!36. The underlined word “thrill” may mean the following feelings EXCEPT ______.A. excitementB. dangerC. fearD. pleasure37. Usually the astronaut training starts when they are ______.A. at the universityB. in the rmyC. between 27 and 37D. older than 3738. From the passage, we know tht all astronauts need to _____.A. study in different countriesB. be cleverer than ordinary peopleC. be pilots I nthe air force at firstD. study engineering, medicine or one of the sciences39. Astronauts coming from different countries use ____ to talk to each other.A. actionB. gesturesC. EnglishD. French40. If you are on a spacecraft, you need to learn how to ____.A. wak and fly in spaceB. orbit the Earth or visit MarsC. live and work together as a teamD. live and work in a very small spaceCAre you spending two days in Tokyo? Are you moving to Melbourne? No matter where you’re going or how long you’re staying, keep reading! These tips() will help you make the most of any city adventure.Before you arriveRead a city guidebook. If you don’t want to buy one, just look through the guidebooks in a store. They can give you some advice on how to plan your trip.Search the Internet. Websites such as Citysearch, com and provide information on cities around the world. Blogs() can also give you a chance to learn from others’ travel expericeces.Doing research before you arrive will help you experience the city’s claim to fame(). Whether it’s a city symbol, a shopping area, or a river- you should see it.When you arriveIf possible, pick up a free city map at the airport, train station or your hotel. Visit the city’s tourism office, which will provide other valuable information. Sometimes local() newspapers or posters offter tours or other services.Carry the hotel’s business card or write down the address and phone number. Take note of the neighborhood around your hotel. It will be helpful when you return.Ask a local person for advice. Many cities have treasures that most tourists don’t know about. A local can direct you to a wonderful but less famous restaurant, park or museum.Finally, be a dventurous! Some of the best things that a city has to offter can be found by mistake. If you’r not afraid to get lost, you’ll see more- and you’ll have a better time!41. When you plan a city tour, you are advised to ______.A. get a city mapB. ask a local personC. read a city guidebookD. go to a tourism office42. According to the passage, we can get others’ travel experiences from _____.A. blogsB. postersC. local newspapersD. city guidebooks43. Doing research before starting a trip is helpful for us _____.A. to travel around the cityB. to visit less faomous placesC. to find treasures in the cityD. to experience the city’s claim to fame44. From the passage we know that a free city map may be found ____.A. at the airportB. on the InternetC. at a bookstoreD. in a shopping area45. The article is mainly written to give us some advice on ______.A. how to explore a cityB. how to plan a city adventureC. how to search for information on a cityD.how to be more adventurous in a city tourD.Every year, thokusands of students choose to study in anoter country. More than 30 percent of these students go to the United States. Around 15 percent go to Italy, and 10 percent go to both England and Germany . A little less than 10 percent go to Australia, and around 5 percent go to Canada.No matter where a student chooses to study, there are some things universities around the world need. First, allstudents must gaduate from high school before they can apply(申请) to a university. Most universities also need some kind of test for students to enter the university. Universities in the United States, Australis, and Canada usually need some kind of standardized(标准化的) exam, such as the SAT in the United States. Students who do not come from English- speaking countries also must take a test such as the TOEFL in the United States and Canada to show they know enough English to study in English. England and Australia require(要求) students to take the IELTS.IN most countries, students must apply to each university they hope to go to. However, students applying to universities in England can use one form to apply to six universities at one time through the British Council(英国文化学会). Many students like this because it can save them a lot of time and money. For universities in other countries, students must fill in different forms for each university and pay a fee(费用) with each application.46. According to the passage, ____ is the most popular country where foreign students would like to choose to study inEurope.A. the USAB. ItalyC. GermanyD. England47.According to the passage, those who want to study abroad can’t apply to any university until _____.A. they get their passportsB. they choose the right countryC. they graduate from high schoolD. they pass the TOEFL, or the LELTS48. The underlined word “SAT” may stand for _____ in the USA.A. a universityB. a kind of testC. a social groupD. a school organization49. If Chinese students want to apple to a university in Australia, they have to _____.A. take TOEFLB. take the LELTSC. know enough EnglishD. study English first50 One of the advantages for students applying to universities in England is that ______.A. it saves time and moneyB. they needn’t pay for any applicattionC. they can choose six countries each timeD. they have sic chances ot go othr countries四、情景交际：B: Yes. _51_____________.A: Oh, we’ve got some dresses here. __52______________B:OK.A: All the things are on sale (降价出售) today 53________.B: Wonderful! It’s the right colour for me. May I try it on?A: _54______.B: Great! It fits me well. By the way, do you have the right shoesto match it?A: Sure. Take a look at the amazing shoes.B: That’s great! _55________.A: 298 yuan.B: That’s fine. I’ll take them.五、完形填空（二）（26分，每题2分）because what bill service invites ively food usually Dining out in the West and dining out China are two very different experiences. In the West, people eat very personally. They do not often share their 56____. When a plate arrives in a western restaurant, everything on it is 57_____ for one person. The person wants to know exactly 58____ and how much they are going to eat. This is not just 59____ they have different tastes, it’s also a matter of cost. Unless a person 60_____ everyone as a treat(款待),each dinner usually only pays for his or her share.Yet people often tip（给小费）the waiters. You tip on how good you thought the 61_______ was. But it’s usually about ten percent of the 62_______.In China, food is passed around and shared. That makes eating out more 63______. Yet paying is not shared.Westerners think the way people in China sometimes argue (争论) over who pays the bill seems very strange!B)The 2004 Olympic Games were held in Athens in August. The Games were watched by four billion people all over the world. This was the biggest number of people ever to 64________ a sports event. More than 11,000 sportsmen and sportswomen from 202 countries took part in the Games, with a larger number of sportswomen 65________ ever before.The largest number of medals was won by America, with 35 gold mecals. China came second with 32 gold medals. Russia was 66_______, with 27 gold medals.When the Chinese Olympic sportsmen and sportswomen 67_________ to China after the Games, many people came to see them at the airport. They were very proud of their heroes. The sportsmen and sportswomen were 68_______ very proud. “My country, I love you!” said Liu Xiang, the winner of the hurdeing gold medal.At the end of the 2004 Olympic Games, the Olympic flag was taken to Beijing for the 2008 Games do not stop! 六、阅读理解：（16分）Florence Nightingale was born in a rich family. (74) When she was young, she took lessons in music and drawing, and read great books. She also traveled a great deal(大量的) with her parents.As a child she felt that visiting sick people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them.At last her mind was made up, “I’m going to be a nurse.” She decided.“Nursing isn’t the right work for a lady,” her father told her.“Then I will make it so.” she smiled. And then she went to learn nursing in Germany and France.During the Crimean War in 1854, she and a team of thirty- eight nurses went to the fornt hospitals. What they saw there was terrible. Many soldiers died because the hospitals were dirty. But the brave nurses went to work hard to make the hospital clean and stop soldiers dying. Florence use her own money and some from friends to buy clothes, beds medicines and food for the men . Her only pay was smiles from thedying soldiers. But they were more than enough for this kind woman.After the war she returned to England69. What did Nightingale love doing when she was a child?70. What id her fataher say when Nightingale decided to be a nurse?71. How long did Nightingale work in the front hospitals?72. Did Nightingale make a lot of money during the Crimean War?73. Why do we honor nurses today?74将划线句子译成汉语。
2008大连市中考数学试题及答案
2008年大连市䌜毕业升学统一考试旅顺口区试测(一)数学本试卷1～8页，共150分，考试时间120分钟。
一、选择题(本题8小题，每小题3分，共24分)说明:将下列各题唯一正确的答案代号A、B、C、D填到题后的括号内。
1．如图，小明用手盖住的点的坐标可能为( )A．(2，3)B．(2，－3) C．(－2，3) D．(－2，－3)2．下图为各届夏季奥运会的会徽图案，其中是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．3．下列运算中，正确．．的是( )A．24=B．623-=-C．22)(abab=D．2523aaa=+4．如图所示是某校九年级学生到校方式的条形统计图，根据图形可得出步行人数占总人数的( )A．60％B．50％C．30％D．20％5．已知⊙O1的半径为5cm，⊙O2的半径为3cm，圆心距O1O2＝2，那么⊙O1与⊙O2的位置关系是（）A．相离B．外切C．相交D．内切6．测得某人的一根头发直径约为0.000 072 85米，用科学记数法表示为( )A．7285×10－8米B．7.285×10－5 米C．0.7285×14－4 米D．0.7285×10－5米7．均匀地向一个如图所示的容器中注水，最后把容器注满，在注水过程中水面高度h随时间t变化的函数图象大致是（）.2008年北京1992年巴塞罗那1980年莫斯科1972年慕尼黑yxO二、填空题(本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分)说明：将答案直接填在题后的横线上。
9．如果某天中午气温是2°C ，到了傍晚气温下降了5°C ，那么傍晚的气温是__________C°．1011个地区当天最高气温（℃）统计如下表：那么这些城市当天的最高气温的中位数和众数分别是________，_________．11．不等式组21040x x ->⎧⎨-≥⎩的解集是________________．12．小明的身高是1.7m ，他的影长是2m ，同一时刻学校旗杆的影长是10m ，则旗杆的高是_________m ．13．如图，P 为正方形ABCD 内的一点，△ABP 绕点B 顺时针旋转得到△CBE ，则△BPE 是 三角形．14．矩形的面积为2，一条边长为x ，另一条边长为y ，则y 与x 的函数关系式为(不必写出自变量取值范围)____________________．15．如图，△ABC 后的图形是△A ′B ′C ′，其中C 与C ′是对应点，请画出平移后的三角形△A ′B ′C ′．16．已知二次函数22y x x m =-++的部分图象如图所示，则关于x 的一元二次方程220x x m -++=的解为 ．EPDCBA16题图15题图13题图三、解答题(本题共4小题，每题10分，共40分)17．已知22212211x x y x x x x x -=÷---++，当x 为何值时，y 的值为12．18．红星超市07年十月份的营业额为4万元，第四季度的总营业额是13.24万元，求十一、十二月份平均每月增长的百分率.19．如图，在4×3的正方形网格中，△ABC 与△DE C 的顶点都在边长为1的小正方形的顶点上。
2008年大连市初中毕业升学考试试测(一)
2008年大连市初中毕业升学考试试测(一)物理本试卷1～8页，满分100分。
考试时间100分钟。
一、填空题(本题共12小题，每小题2分，共24分)1．人在河岸上看到了水里的鱼，属于光的_______现象。
人从水中还看到了河对岸树的倒影，属于光的__________现象。
2．如图1所示，小明用力吹一根吸管，吸管发出的声音是由_____________振动产生的。
在把吸管不断剪短的过程中，吸管发出声音的音调将__________。
3．图2是研究做功改变物体内能的实验装置。
当快速向下压活塞的过程中，筒内空气的内能___________，筒内气体分子的热运动___________。
4．某磁体周围部分区域的磁感线分布如图3所示，b点的切线PQ在水平方向。
则a点磁场比b点磁场_________；若在b点放置一个可自由转动的小磁针，则小磁针静止时，其S极指向__________。
5．图4是扬声器内部结构示意图。
当线圈中电流方向如图所示时，线圈向_________运动；若线圈中的电流变大，则永久磁体对线圈的作用力___________。
6．在核能、太阳能、风能等新能源中，风能属于______再生能源；风力发电与火力发电相比较，其主要优点是__________________(写出一条即可)。
7．通常通过人体的电流超过30mA时就会有生命危险。
若某人身体电阻为1150Ω，则他的安全电压不高于____________V；若在潮湿的天气，人体电阻如何变化?_______________。
8．小明从滑梯上滑下，速度越来越大，臀部产生灼热的感觉。
则他下滑的过程中，动能____________，机械能_______________。
9．小明做了一个小实验，将鸡蛋放入一杯不饱和盐水中，鸡蛋在盐水中漂浮。
接着他往杯中加了些盐并搅拌，稳定后，观察到鸡蛋_________了一些，此时鸡蛋所受浮力 __________鸡蛋在不饱和盐水中所受浮力。
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2008年大连市初中毕业升学统一考试语文本试卷1—8页。
满分150分，含书写3分，另有附加题8分。
考试时间150分钟。
一、语言积累与运用(22分)1．将下面的文字抄写在田字格中，要求规范、端正、整洁。
(2分)物竟天择适者生存2．给加点的字写出正确的拼音。
(2分)商酌．( ) 伫．立( ) 繁花嫩．叶( ) 如法炮．制( )3．在括号里改正错别字；在横线上填写汉字。
(2分)契而不舍( ) 获益非浅( ) 晓风(cán)月(shì)才放旷4．在你认为有语病的地方画上横线，在括号里写出修改意见。
(2分)在爱心义演的晚会上，文化界知名人士声情并茂地演唱了一首首动人的歌声。
( )5．从下面的语段中筛选出两条主要信息，写在横线上。
(2分)按照“限塑令”的规定，自6月1日起，所有超市、商场一律不得免费提供塑料购物袋。
这样，市民购物只能自买购物袋，购物袋的价格自然引人注目。
据报道，在广东一些超市、商场，购物袋的价格并不便宜，一般在3至5元／只。
在个别商场，一只购物袋竟然达到15元。
其他城市购物袋也价格不菲。
如北京的家乐福、沃尔玛和易初莲花等超市，环保购物袋的售价一般都在1．8元至4．9元／只之间。
“限塑令”的本意是保护环境，但动辄数元甚至十几元的环保购物袋显然已经“贵族化”了。
如果环保购物袋不能“平民化”，就意味着多数人将其弃用，其结果是给百姓生活带来不便。
因此，推出环保且廉价的购物袋是当务之急。
①②6．以下有关文学常识的表述，错误的一项是(2分) ( )A．朱自清，宇佩弦，江苏扬州人。
散文家、诗人、学者。
《背影》一文，是中国现代文学作品里第一次从正面刻画父亲形象的散文。
B．李白，字太白，号青莲居士，是唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，著有《李太白全集》。
我们学过他的诗歌《峨眉山月歌》《春夜洛城闻笛》等。
C.戏剧《威尼斯商人》，诗歌《天上的街市》，童话《皇帝的新装》，神话《女娲造人》，寓言《蚊子和狮子》——文学体裁的多样化，开拓了语文阅读的视野。
D．莫泊桑，法国十九世纪著名的批判现实主义作家，一代短篇小说巨匠。
《我的叔叔于勒》反映了资本主义社会的伦理道德和价值取向。
7．默写填空。
(10分)(1)国破山河在，城春草木深。
, 。
(杜甫《春望》)(2)羌管悠悠霜满地，，。
(范仲淹《渔家傲·秋思》)(3)令初下，，。
(《战国策·邹忌讽齐王纳谏》)(4)2008年8月8日是一个值得纪念的日子，这一天世界各国友人将相聚北京，我们不由得想起了孔子的一句话：“，?”(《论语·学而》)(5)在汶川地震抢险救援过程中，十五名伞兵在党和人民需要的关键时刻，坚定地持有“，。
”(《过零丁洋》)的人生信念，毅然决然地高空勇跳，谱写了感天动地的壮丽诗篇。
二、(15分)古诗文阅读若夫日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦明变化者，山间之朝暮也。
野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，日落而石出着，山间之四时也。
朝而往，暮而归，四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也。
至于负者歌于途，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，佝偻提携，往来而不绝者，人游也。
临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥，酿泉为酒，泉香而酒洌，山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。
宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，奕者胜，起坐而喧哗者，众宾欢也。
苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也。
8.解释文中加点的词。
(2分)(1)临．溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥临：(2)宴酣之．乐，非丝非竹之：9．分别写出“穷”字的意思。
(2分)(1)四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷．也穷：(2)为宫室之美，妻妾之奉，所识穷．乏者得我与穷：10．太守为什么“醉”呢?请用自己的话概括。
(2分)(二)孝公①既用卫鞅②，鞅欲变法，恐天下议己。
令既具，未布，恐民之不信，已乃立三丈之木于国都市南门，募民有能徙置北门者予十金。
民怪之，莫敢徒。
复曰“能徙者予五十金”。
有一人徙之，辄予五十金，以明不欺。
卒下令。
令行于民期年，秦民之国都言初令之不便者以个数。
于是太子犯法。
卫鞅曰：“法之不行，自上犯之。
”将法太子。
太子君嗣也不可施刑刑其傅公子虔③黥④其师公孙贾。
明日，秦人皆趋令。
行之十年，秦民大说，道不拾遗，山无盗贼，家给人足。
民勇于公战，怯于私斗，乡邑大治。
秦民初言令不便者有来言令便者。
(节选自《史记·商君列传》)注释：①孝公：秦孝公。
②卫鞅：人名，即商鞅。
③虔；人名。
④黥：古代的一种肉刑。
11．与文中“将法太子”的“将”字意思相同的一项是(2分) ( )A.左将．军王凝之妻也<《咏雪》) B．爷娘闻女来，出郭相扶将．(《木兰诗》) C.晓雾将．歇，猿鸟乱鸣(《答谢中书书》) D.扶苏以数谏故，上使外将．兵(《陈涉世家》) 12．给文中画曲线的句子用“／”断句。
(2分)太子君嗣也不可施刑刑其傅公子虔黥其师公孙贾13．用现代汉语翻译文中画直线的句子。
(2分)14．从本文看，卫鞅变法成功的原因之一是。
(1分)(三)秋词刘禹锡自古逢秋悲寂寥，我言秋日胜春朝。
晴空一鹤排．云上，便引．诗情到碧霄。
15．赏析加点的字，说说它们各自的妙处。
(2分)三、(30分)现代文阅读青春的门槛刘心武有一个青年，他想画一幅题为《青春的门槛》的画。
他画了无数次，撕毁了无数次，久久地没有画成……因为他心里淤塞着一团乱麻般的思绪，他怕迈出那青春的门槛，怕失去还没有享受够的青春……是啊，青春的美好，不必详尽地铺陈，单单想到这一点便令人心醉——青春是一种特权!“他还年轻!”这是人们对青春期中的红男绿女的一种覆盖面极宽的赦免。
可以任由他们糊涂一点，马虎一点，浪漫一点，淘气一点，懒惰一点，疯狂一点……无妨犯一点错误，或者无妨耍一点脾气，肆无忌惮地笑，尽情尽兴地哭……因为他们正当青春，所以不要苛责他们!“我还年轻!”这是自己对自己的一种几近于全面的谅解。
以后的事情以后再想，以后再谈。
让世界只是一幅画，生活只是一首歌，理想只是朦胧的朝霞，事业只是远方的车站……因为我们正当青春，所以只管扭动欢快的舞步!然而岁月匆匆，一个那样的日子终于来临——脚尖触到了门槛，青春的门槛!抬头一看，门槛外面是一个惊心动魄的世界。
迈出那门槛，责任和义务将沉重地压到肩头；原来只觉得别扭而从未深究过的他人的目光，逼近面前，不得不认真地加以剖析；啊，人际关系如此这般错综复杂，而自己终于不能再加回避；没有人轻易对你谅解和宽恕，连自己也不能不对自己的一言一行一颦一笑细加反刍审评；感情世界竟也变得如此迷离朴朔，原来绝不能轻言友谊和爱情；道德是生活这个大鱼缸的玻璃外壁，原以为看似透明无妨穿游，却原来无比坚硬不许超越；世界不是一幅画而是一种复杂深奥的存在，生活不是一首歌而是一篇难以答好的考卷，理想必须明晰并切实地作出抉择，事业是一趟已经开来不抓紧时间努力登上去便要迅即开走的列车……啊，青春的门槛!狂跳的心啊，你能不能平静些，告诉我，告诉我，能不能不迈将过去?怎样地迈将过去?……你怎能不迈过那青春的门槛?那是无可回避的。
世上有那样一种人，他年龄早已超过青春期，但心理结构和为人处世水平仍停留在青春门槛以内。
这种人常常因不能适应社会、生活、他人而被视作低能儿，永远保持青春的活力是非常美好的，永远保持青春期的心理结构和为人处世水平，特别是超越青春期仍建立不起坚实的信仰、理想、道德观和事业心，那就不但不称其为美好，甚至要堕入丑陋和丑恶了!你必须迈过那青春的门槛!当你脚尖触到青春的门槛时，你必须勇敢地失去青春!只有丢失青春，才能换取成熟。
只有任仲春的劲风吹落花瓣，才能在骄阳中结出你青色的幼果。
怎样迈过那青春的门槛?要义无反顾。
青春诚美好，但青春必凋零。
迈过去!敢于用你还不够坚实的肩膀，承受社会压下来的责任和义务；敢于面对复杂多变的社会生活；敢于迎接微妙的眼神、莫测的心机与需要仔细破译的话语；敢于在感情世界里经受痛彻肺腑的考验；敢于树立起宏大的理想目标；敢于以坚韧的毅力和奋发的进取开创出时代、祖国和人民所需要的业绩……要欢欣鼓舞。
青春诚美好，但青春的门槛那边更奇妙。
花儿落了，会有果实。
最初的果实的确是苦涩的，甚至是丑陋的，然而果实比花朵更有价值，随着新的岁月中的奋斗，果实将逐渐硕大，逐渐饱满，逐渐光彩照人，逐渐果香四溢——青春如花，点缀得这个世界缤纷似锦，但主要是供于观看；青春后的生命果实，使这个世界变得滋养，并通过种子延续着人类的文明，它就不仅是供于观瞻而是创造出新的生命……迈过青春的门槛，在失落的痛苦之后，又将获得多么大的快乐!预支一部分那至高的快乐吧，果断而敏捷地迈过青春的门槛!有一个青年，他想画一幅题为《青春的门槛》的画。
他画出了一个高耸的门洞，门洞这边是一个撑壁犹豫的青年，门洞外的强光勾勒出他的剪影，他正待迈出那门洞下的门槛却还缺乏最后的一束勇气——而门洞外是一眼望不清的缤纷世界，显得神秘莫测……他该怎样才能把这幅画儿画得更好呢?年轻的朋友们啊，让我们一起帮他来画吧!16．本文以“青春的门槛”为题，其用意是什么?(3分)17．用简洁的语言概括文章的行文思路。
(3分)18．“道德是生活这个大鱼缸的玻璃外壁，原以为看似透明无妨穿游，却原来无比坚硬不许超越。
”这句话的含意是什么?(2分)19．下面两句话中的加点词语能否互换?为什么?(4分)①要义无反顾．．．．。
青春诚美好，但青春必凋零。
(《青春的门槛》)②为了如期登上珠穆朗玛峰，四位勇士仍然勇往直前．．．．地行进在崎岖的山路上。
(《登上地球之巅》)20．文中“狂跳的心啊，你能不能平静些，告诉我，告诉我，能不能不迈将过去?怎样地迈将过去?……”作者为什么这样写?其作用是什么?(2分)21．比较下面两段文字，说明它们在表达上的特点。
(4分)①迈过去!敢于用你还不够坚实的肩膀，承受社会压下来的责任和义务；敢于面对复杂多变的社会生活；敢于迎接微妙的眼神、莫测的心机与需要仔细破译的话语；敢于在感情世界里经受痛彻肺腑的考验；敢于树立起宏大的理想目标；敢于以坚韧的教力和奋发的进取开创出时代、祖国和人民所需要的业绩……(《青春的门槛》)②你要做好充分的思想准备，把青春的内容看透吃透。
这样，当你胸有成竹地走进人生的课堂，你就能够用自信的目光，把理想的风铃碰出一阵鸣响。
当岁月的钟声敲响15下16下或者17下18下，你就可以自豪地说：青春，你一定在我身上绚丽!(《读者·卷首语》)22．文章最后三段文字，有人说应该删去，有人说不应该删去。
你的看法呢?请说明理由。
(2分)23．作者说要“义无反顾”、“欢欣鼓舞”地迈过青春的门槛，你认为该如何迈过呢?(10分)160四、作文(80分)24．下面两题，任选一题作文。
(1)“醒”字，含义丰富，可以理解为“醒悟、觉醒、警醒、唤醒”等。
“醒”是人们在现实生活中，因某个(些)人、某件(些)事、某种事物的触动而生发感悟的过程，“醒”是一个人的认识由模糊到清晰、由肤浅到深刻的提升过程，是一个人学识、品格、信念……自我完善的过程。