621基础英语 (1)
2014年电子科技大学621英语水平测试考研真题
电子科技大学2014年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：621 英语水平测试注:无机读卡，所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上无效.Part I Reading Comprehension (40 points).Directions: In this part there are 5 passages, each with some questions or incomplete statements. Read them carefully and then choose from the four suggested answers marked A. B. C. and D to answer the questions or complete the statements. Please write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1First, the university will take on an even larger role in assisting pre-college education in preparing students for study and work. Success on college is greatly impacted by student preparation. Thus, the university will need to take more responsibility in guiding the process in college preparation.Partnerships with corporations and businesses will become a greater part of university involvement. The 21st century will see expansion of partnerships of this type particularly with research universities. These will take on different forms. They will involve collaboration for education of an older workforce, collaboration for organizational and process improvement in both types of organizations, agreements for special consideration in student recruitment and internships, and employment and funding between the partners. Each will need to undergo some modification of culture as these changes occur.The convener role involves bringing people to campus to address certain important issues. It means identifying experts around the world to join with those on campus to seek understanding and actions for change. This conference sponsored by Peking University is an example of the convener function. It also involves bringing people together to learn about modern approaches to the latest and important issues in many different fields. This role has been served for many years in agriculture, education and engineering. Others are emerging, and the future will have universities serving even broader roles as convener of experts in many different areas.The world role for universities is another that is evolving rapidly. It is being driven by increasing ease of communication worldwide, the connectivity of economies of countries around the world, the opening up of greater opportunities for trade, and the increasing prevalence of multinational corporations.第1页共12页1. In what way will the university play a larger role in the future?A. Helping students find jobs.B. Helping students prepare for study and work.C. Arranging the process of college preparation.D. Ensuring every student achieves success in study.2. Which of the following is NOT true of the research universities in the 21st century?A. They will offer education to an older workforce.B. They will make organization and process improvement.C. They will modify the culture they are in.D. They will collaborate with corporations and business in students’ employment and funding.3. The passage is organized by ________.A. making a list of the roles played by the university in the 21st centuryB. comparing and contrasting several roles played by the universityC. introducing a phenomenon first and then analyzing its reasonsD. preparing a problem first and then its solutionsPassage 2Each year in the never-ending cycle of death and regeneration, the rains sweep across southern Asia. Between June and October strange sea winds surge over the land, drenching the earth with torrential downpours. This is the monsoon—a familiar word often taken to mean a violent windstorm, but in fact referring to a tumultuous season of recurring rains.The monsoon is close to the very soul of the people it touches; it permeates the lives of the people and affects everything they do. India is especially dominated by it. For three months before the monsoon rains arrive, the heat is intense, unbearable: the earth itself is dead; farmers cannot work the stone-hard fields; bare subsistence is difficult. With the rains, everything suddenly changes—India bursts into life again; fields that seemed hopelessly barren turn green and grow wildly.The rich new season is one of beauty, but to the peasant it is a beauty shot through with possible disaster. Overflowing with the great rains, the Ganges River moves relentlessly to the sea, hiding beneath its shining but deceptive calm the horror of fields and homes overcome by flood. The horror of flood and cyclone rides always with the monsoon clouds when they come to redeem the land. The peasants have no resource but resignation.4. The monsoon is correctly described as a ________.A. torrential downpourB. violent windstormC. season of recurring rainsD. violent thunderstorm5. The monsoon is said to be “close to the very soul of the people it touches” because ________.A. it plays a significant role in Asian religionsB. it is destructiveC. the people are resigned to itD. it affects all aspects of their lives第2页共12页6. The peasant’s reaction to the monsoon is ________.A. resignationB. hope that the next year will be betterC. JoyD. relief7. Which of the following is implied but not stated?A. India is the only country affected by the monsoon.B. Monsoons seldom affect people in temperate climates.C. After the floods subside, the great heat will begin again.D. The monsoon completely permeates the lives of people.Passage 3A recent history of the Chicago meat-packing industry and its workers examines how the industry grew from its appearance in the 1830s through the early 1890s. Meat- packers, the author argues, had good wages, working conditions, and prospects for advancement within the packing-houses, and did not cooperate with labor agitators since labor relations were so harmonious. Because the history maintains that conditions were above standard for the era, the frequency of labor disputes, especially in the mid. 1880s, is not accounted for. The work ignores the fact that the 1880s were crucial years in American labor history, and that the packing-house workers’ efforts were part of the national movement for labor reform.In fact, other historical sources for the late-nineteenth century record deteriorating housing and high disease and infant mortality rates in the industrial community, due to low wages and unhealthy working conditions. Additional data from the University of Chicago suggest that the packing-houses were dangerous places to work. The government investigation commissioned by President Theodore Roosevelt which eventually led to the adoption of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act found the packing-houses unsanitary, while social workers observed that most of the workers were poorly paid and overworked.The history may be too optimistic because most of its data from the 1880s, at the latest, and the information provided from that decade, is insufficiently analyzed. Conditions actually declined in the 1880s and continued to decline after the 1880s, due to a reorganization of the packing process and a massive influx of unskilled workers. The deterioration in worker status, partly a result of the new availability of unskilled and hence cheap labor, is not discussed. Though a detailed account of work in the packing-houses is attempted, the author fails to distinguish between the wages and conditions for skilled workers and for those unskilled laborers who comprised the majority of the industry’s workers from the 1880s on While conditions for the former were arguably tolerable due to the strategic importance of skilled workers in the complicated slaughtering, cutting, and packing process (though worker complaints about the rate and conditions of work were frequent), pay and conditions for the latter were wretched. The author’s misinterpretation of the origins of the feelings the meat-packers had for their industrial neighborhood may account for the history’s faulty generalizations.The pride and contentment the author remarks upon were, arguably, less the products of the industrial world of the packers—the giant yards and the intricate plants—than of the unity and第3页共12页vibrancy(活跃) of the ethnic cultures that formed a viable community on Chicago’s South Side. Indeed, the strength of this community succeeded in generating a social movement that effectively confronted the problems of the industry that provided its livelihood8. The passage is primarily concerned with discussing ________.A. how historians ought to explain the origins of the conditions in the Chicago meat- packingindustryB. why it is difficult to determine the actual nature of the conditions in the Chicagomeat-packing industryC. why a particular account of the conditions in the Chicago meat-packing industry isinaccurateD. what ought to be included in any account of the Chicago meat-packers’ role in the nationallabor movement9. The author of the passage mentions the “social movement” (in the last paragraph) generated byChicago’s South Side community primarily in order to ________.A. inform the reader of events that occurred in the meat-packing industry after the period oftime covered by the historyB. introduce a new issue designed to elaborate on the good relationship between themeat-packers and Chicago’s ethnic communitiesC. salvage the history’s point of view by suggesting that there were positive developments inthe meat-packing industry due to worker unityD. suggest the history’s limitations by pointing out a situation that the history failed to explainadequately10. According to the passage, the working conditions of skilled workers in the meat-packingindustry during the 1880s were influenced by ________.A. the workers’ determined complaints about the rate and conditions of their workB. the workers’ ability to perform the industry’s complex tasksC. the efforts of social workers to improve sanitation in the packing-housesD. improvements in the industry’s packing process that occurred in the 1880s11. The author of the passage uses the second paragraph to ________.A. summarize the main point of the history discussed in the passageB. explain why the history discussed in the passage has been disparaged by criticsC. evaluate the findings of recent studies that undermine the premises of the history discussedin the passageD. present evidence that is intended to refute the argument of the history discussed in thepassagePassage 4I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the第4页共12页nature of happiness.Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more abiding emotion.Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells “happiness”. But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and profound loneliness.Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he’s honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.Similarly, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out whenever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.12. Which of the following is true?A. Fun creates long-lasting satisfaction.B. Fun provides enjoyment while pain leads to happiness.C. Happiness is enduring whereas fun is short-lived.D. Fun that is long-standing may lead to happiness.13. To the author, Hollywood stars all have an important role to play that is to ________.A. tell the public that happiness has nothing to do with funB. write memoir after memoir about their happinessC. teach people how to enjoy their livesD. bring happiness to the public instead of going to glamorous parties14. Couples having infant children ________.A. are lucky since they can have a whole night’s sleepB. find fun in tucking them into bed at night第5页共12页C. find more time to play and joke with themD. derive happiness from their endeavor15. If one gets the meaning of the true sense of happiness, he will ________.A. stop playing games and joking with othersB. make the best use of his time increasing happinessC. give a free hand to moneyD. keep himself with his familyPassage 5Working out exactly what students and taxpayers get for the money they spend on universities is a tricky business. Now the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), a Paris-based think-tank for rich countries, is planning to make the task a bit easier, by producing the first international comparison of how successfully universities teach.“Rather than assuming that because a university spends more it must be better, or using other proxy measures for quality, we will look at learning outcomes,”explains Andreas Schleicher, the OECD’s head of education research. Just as the OECD assesses primary and secondary education by testing randomly chosen groups of youngsters from each country in reading and mathematics, it will sample university students to see what they have learned. Once enough universities are taking part, it may publish league tables showing where each country stands, just as it now does for compulsory education. That may produce a fairer assessment than the two established rankings, though the British one does try to broaden its inquiry by taking opinions from academics and employers.There is much to be said for the OECD’s approach. Of course a Nobel laureate’s view on where to study may be worth hearing, but dons may be so busy writing and researching that they spend little or no time teaching—a big weakness at America’s famous universities. And changes in methodology can bring startling shifts. The high-flying London School of Economics, for example, tumbled from 17th to 59th in the British rankings published last week, primarily because it got less credit than in previous years for the impressive number of foreign students it had managed to attract.The OECD plan awaits approval from an education ministers’meeting in January. The first rankings are planned by 2010. They will be of interest not just as a guide for shoppers in the global market, but also as indicators of performance in domestic markets. They will help academics wondering whether to stay put or switch jobs, students choosing where to spend their time and money, and ambitious university bosses wanting a sharper competitive edge for their institution.The task the OECD has set itself is formidable. In many subjects, such as literature and history, the syllabus varies hugely from one country, and even one campus, to another. But OECD researchers think that problem can be overcome by concentrating on the transferable skills that employers value, such as critical thinking and analysis, and testing subject knowledge only in fields like economics and engineering, with a big common core.Moreover, says Mr. Schleicher, it is a job worth doing. Today’s rankings, he believes, do not help governments assess whether they get a return on the money they give universities to teach their undergraduates. Students overlook second-rank institutions in favor of big names, even though the第6页共12页less grand may be better at teaching. Worst of all, ranking by reputation allows famous places to coast along, while making life hard for feisty upstarts. “We will not be reflecting a university’s history,” says Mr. Schleicher, “but asking: what is a global employer looking for?” A fair question, even if not every single student’s destiny is to work for a multinational firm.16. The project by OECD is aimed to ________.A. assess primary and secondary education of each school that subscribe to the serviceB. appraise the learning outcomes of university students as part of their academic performanceC. establish a new evaluation system for universitiesD. set up a new ranking for compulsory education17. The assessment method by OECD is different from the established rankings in ________.A. that its inquiry is broader as to include all the students and staffB. that its samples are chosen randomly based on statistical analysis of methodC. that it attaches more importance to the learning efficiencyD. that it takes opinions from the students to see what they have learnt18. The best universities in the Nobel laureate’s eye are ________.A. those ambitious universitiesB. those of high reputationC. the feisty upstartsD. those high-flying universities19. By the case of London School of Economic, the author wants to show that ________.A. the OECD’s approach is very fairB. the Nobel laureate’s opinion is not worth hearingC. the British rankings pays more attention to the foreign studentsD. different assessment methods may lead to different ranking results20. The OECD’s ranking system will probably be welcomed most by ________.A. those ambitious second-rank institutionsB. the famous collegesC. parents who pay for the children’s secondary educationD. shoppers in the global marketPart II Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Please write your answer in the Answer Sheet.21. Another big issue ________ the new republic is the problem of the education of its citizens.A. conflictingB. confrontingC. confiningD. confirming22. Telling your doctor about all the medicines you take may help avoid serious drug ________.A. interventionsB. interruptionsC. institutionsD. interactions23. It was Mr. Biden’s first trip to China since taking office. He spoke ________ of his first visit toChina in 1979, when he was a senator.A. nostalgicallyB. melancholyC. calmlyD. skillfully第7页共12页24. His book is the cultural ________ of the year.A. incidentB. accidentC. eventD. affair25. The mountaintop provides a spectacular view of Innsbruck and its ________.A. environmentsB. vicinitiesC. circumstancesD. surroundings26. Finance during marriage ________ is a very big issue particularly with regards to the mortgageand household bills.A. separationB. divisionC. allocationD. detachment27. Ed’s already ________ health deteriorated after he left the hospital.A. invalidB. faintC. fragileD. crisp28. A complete investigation into the causes of the accident should lead to improved standards andshould ________ new operating procedures.A. result inB. match withC. subject toD. proceed with29. If a person talks about his weak points, his listener is expected to say something in the way of________.A. persuasionB. remedyC. encouragementD. compromise30. If we ________ our relations with that country, we’ll have to find another supplier of rawmaterials.A. diffuseB. diminishC. redistributeD. preclude31. During the races there were two accidents to motor-cyclists including one ________ accident.A. fatalB. killingC. deadlyD. deathly32. Business picked up in the stores during December, but ________ again after Christmas.A. dropped outB. dropped onC. dropped overD. dropped off33. His misbehavior and ________ dismissal from the firm was reported in the newspaper.A. improperB. inefficientC. subsequentD. frequent34. Every citizen has the sacred ________ to defend his country.A. rightB. objectiveC. authorityD. obligation35. We need an umbrella on the beach to give us some ________ at midday.A. shedB. shadeC. shadowD. dark36. ________ to the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.A. PriorB. CloseC. EarlierD. Next37. If you are an electrician, you will know the difference between an alternating and a direct________.A. conductorB. circuitC. cableD. current38. The company has the ________ right to print Mr. Dare’s books.A. virtualB. exclusiveC. overallD. flexible39. Digging the foundation is the first ________ of our building project.A. solutionB. processionC. phaseD. achievement40. The curtains have ________ because of the strong sunlight.A. fadedB. dulledC. faintedD. weakened第8页共12页Part III Cloze (20 points)Directions: Fill in each blank with ONE appropriate word to complete the passage.Section A:When a 47-year-old manager at the headquarters of a large companyreturned from a two-week business 41 , he found another man seated in his office, 42 his job. The manager’s boss had been 43 with a new vice president, who had brought 44 his own people.45 six moths to find another job within the company, he went to work for one of the smaller departments. His new job was a demotion, and his pay would be frozen for three years.Learning to cope with career downturns is part of 46 the ladder to success. Virtually all 47 people have experienced major career setbacks. Here are some suggestions for bouncing back:Make the 48 of it. The former manager dug into this new job with the enthusiasm of a person who has been given a new and pleasant life, and within 18 months he was promoted. “I’m happier today as manager of a small, effective 49 than I was working at the headquarters,” he says. “There is 50 pressure, and I’m actually making a bigger contribution.”41. ________42. ________43. ________44. ________45. ________46. ________47. ________48. ________49. ________50. ________Section B:Ever 51 humans have lived on the earth, they have made use of various 52 of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When there is a language barrier, communication is completed through sign language 53 which motions 54 for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists and the people 55 to hear or speak have had to turn to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very lively and exact and can be used internationally; spelling, 56 , cannot.Body language sends ideas or thoughts by certain 57 , either meaningfully or not. A wink can be a way of showing that the party is only joking. A nod means agreement, while shaking the head indicates 58 .Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture signs also guide and warn people. While language is the 59 common form of communication, other systems and techniques also 60 human thoughts and feelings. 51. ________52. ________53. ________54. ________55. ________56. ________57. ________58. ________59. ________60. ________第9页共12页Part IV Paraphrase (20 points)Directions: Paraphrase the underlined parts.(61) Any industrial manufacturer that has not awakened to the fact that it must become a service business is in serious peril today. Sadly, there are many such businesses—companies that still think of themselves as builders of things and that state their gross margins, operating profits, and other measures of success solely in terms of “the product.”(62) But even their more enlightened competitors, the ones who’ve begun to wrap valuable services around their products and, in some cases, profit directly from those services, are enjoying only a temporary advantage. (63) They may be improving their customer relationships by taking on various burdens such as maintenance and replenishment of supplies, but that will get them only so far. A select group of companies is already upping the ante. Soon, it will not be enough for a company to offer services; it will have to provide “smart services.”Smart services go beyond the kinds of upkeep and upgrades you may be bundling with your products, both in their value to customers and in their cost efficiency to you. (64) To provide them, you must build intelligence—that is, awareness and connectivity—into the products themselves. And you must be prepared to act on what the products then reveal about their use.Consider Heidelberger Druckmaschinen (commonly known as Heidelberg), a maker of high-end printing presses. Throughout its history, the company has offered repair services to its customers. Several years ago, (65) when it developed the ability to monitor its equipment remotely, Heidelberg found that it could provide maintenance much more cost-effectively. Now with its machines communicating continuously over the Internet, relaying information about their status between the print shops and Heidelberg’s regional and global technical support specialists, (66) the company has the access and insight to optimize printing performance in customers’ shops. The total product support that Heidelberg now offers—which extends even to removal and resale of the machines—represents a whole new level of value for buyers. (67) The network context has made the difference for Heidelberg and has allowed the firm to achieve true intimacy with its customers.The rewards of becoming a smart service provider are hard to deny. In our research, we’ve documented organic growth rates in double digits for many of the companies that are following this path. (68) The leaders are establishing the new performance benchmarks for their industries, deriving more than 50% of their revenues and 60% of their margin contributions from services as opposed to product sales. For most management teams in product-centric companies, numbers like these sound like nirvana.Joining the ranks of smart service organizations is not primarily a technical challenge. (69) The necessary technologies, while critical to the task, are well enough established by this point. Rather, in most companies, (70) the biggest challenge is getting senior management to adopt a new perspective on the nature of the business. The companies in the vanguard of smart services think differently about their purpose and how they make their profits–but they have come to that new heading by degrees.第10页共12页。
赣南师范大学2020年研究生招生专业目录及自命题考试科目主要参考书.doc
赣南师范大学2020年研究生招生专业目录及自命题考试科目主要参考书（7月20日）2、自命题考试科目考试大纲可以在赣南师范大学研究生院网页招生考试大纲栏目下载。
3、我校所有专业均接收推荐免试生，全日制（非定向）推免生复试合格被录取后，享受特等新生奖学金、国家助学金、培养业务费等，且在国家奖学金、江西省政府研究生奖学金和学业奖学金评选中同等条件下优先。
4、我校2020年正式招生简章及相关招生政策将于9月初公布。
学术学位研究生入学考试初试自命题考试科目主要参考书目：241日语：《中日交流标准日本语》初级(上、下册），人民教育出版社.2013年242法语：《简明法语教程（修订版）》（上、下册），孙辉编著，外语教学与研究出版社.2006年611文学理论：《文学理论教程》（第五版），童庆炳主编，高等教育出版社，2015年612汉语基础：《现代汉语》（增订五版），黄伯荣、廖序东主编，高等教育出版社，2011年；《古代汉语》，王力主编，中华书局，1999年613中国古代文学：袁行霈主编《中国文学史》，高等教育出版社2005年614中国现当代文学：钱理群等著：《中国现代文学三十年》（修订版），北京大学出版社，2005年版；洪子诚著：《中国当代文学史》（修订版），北京大学出版社，2007年615教育学基础综合：参见教育部考试中心制定的311-教育学专业基础综合考试大纲616新闻传播史论：《传播学教程》（第二版），郭庆光主编，中国人民大学出版社2011年版。
618马克思主义基本原理：《马克思主义基本原理概论》，高等教育出版社2018年版）621综合英语（含英汉互译）：《现代大学英语（成套））》杨立民主编，外语教学与研究出版社.2010622心理学基础综合：全国硕士研究生入学统一考试辅导用书编委会编：《心理学专业基础综合考试大纲解析》，高等教育出版社623数学分析：《数学分析》，第三版华东师范大学数学系编，高等教育出版社625无机化学：《无机化学》（第三版）武汉大学、吉林大学编，高等教育出版社，2015626分析化学：《分析化学》（第六版）武汉大学编，高等教育出版社，2016627有机化学：《有机化学》（第五版），李景宁主编，高等教育出版社，2011628生物化学（自命题）：《生物化学》，王镜岩编，第四版上下册，高等教育出版社，2017629植物生理学：《植物生理学》第二版王忠主编中国农业出版社，2009630人文地理学：《人文地理学》，第二版，赵荣等编著，高等教育出版社，2006634艺术概论：《艺术概论》王宏建主编，文化艺术出版社，2010年638体育学专业基础综合：《运动生理学》（第二版）.邓树勋等主编.北京：高等教育出版社，2015年第3版；《学校体育学》.潘少伟、于可红主编.北京：高等教育出版社，2015年第3版。
2008年上海海事大学外国语学院621综合英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2008年上海海事大学外国语学院621综合英语考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Complete each of the following statement with the best appropriate word(s) or phrase(s) chosen from the 4 alternatives attached. (20/150)1. A series of border incidents _____ led the two countries to war.A. avoidablyB. distinctlyC. actuallyD. inevitably【答案】D【解析】句意：一系列的边境纠纷不可避免地引发了两国间的战争。
inevitably不可避免地。
avoidably避免地。
distinctly清晰地。
actually事实上。
2. The twin brother showed great _____ to their elder sister, who had acted as soleparent to them since their parents died during the American Civil War.A. allegianceB. devotionC. complianceD. subjection【答案】B【解析】句意：那对双胞胎兄弟非常爱他们的姐姐，他们的父母在内战中去世后，是她在家中扮演了家长的角色。
devotion热爱，献身。
compliance顺从，服从。
allegiance 拥护，效忠。
subjection绝对服从，隶属。
3. The UNDP has the obligation to _____ funds to the poverty-stricken areas in developing countries.A. consignB. transferC. entrustD. commit【答案】A【解析】句意：联合国开发计划署有责任把资金投放到发展中国家的贫困地区。
新生代英语基础教程第二版重点知识点归纳
新生代英语基础教程第二版重点知识点归纳新生代英语基础教程第二版是一本很受欢迎的英语教材，它适用于初学者和英语基础较薄弱的学生。
下面是该教材中的一些重点知识点的归纳和拓展。
1. 重点语法：- 现在时态：用于描述现在正在进行的动作或状态。
- 过去时态：用于描述已经发生的过去的动作或状态。
- 将来时态：用于描述将要发生的动作或状态。
- 一般现在时态：用于描述经常性的动作或事实。
- 一般过去时态：用于描述过去的动作或状态。
- 一般将来时态：用于描述将来发生的动作或状态。
2. 重点词汇：- 常用动词：包括be（是/是在），have（有），do（做），go（去），see（看见）等。
- 常用名词：指人、事物、地点等，如people（人们），book（书），house（房子），city（城市）等。
- 常用形容词：用于描述人或事物的特征，如big（大），small （小），happy（快乐），beautiful（美丽）等。
- 常用副词：用于修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，如well（好地），often（经常），very（非常）等。
- 常用介词：用于表示位置、方向、时间等关系，如in（在...里面），on（在...上面），at（在...处）等。
3. 重点句型：- 肯定句：主语 + be/do/have + 其他成分。
- 否定句：主语 + be/do/have + not + 其他成分。
- 一般疑问句：Be/Do/Have + 主语 + 其他成分？- 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + Be/Do/Have + 主语 + 其他成分？- 否定回答：No, + 主语 + be/do/have not.（或者缩略回答：Yes, 主语 + be/do/have.）4. 重点阅读技巧：- 阅读理解：通过阅读文章来获取相关信息和理解文章的主旨。
- 词汇推测：通过上下文推测生词的意思，提高词汇的猜测能力。
- 问题解答：根据问题的要求在文章中找到答案，培养答题的技巧和速度。
武汉大学年研究生招生目录
学院、专业、研究方向
代码及名称
全日制
招生人数
考试科目
复试科目
同等学力
加试科目
备注
102外国语言文学学院（）
82
非全日制0
学术学位
50
050201英语语言文学
英语系不招收翻译方向研究生。翻译方向研究生由翻译系负责招生。
01 (全日制)英语语言学
02 (全日制)英美文学
①101思想政治理论
②243二外俄语或244二外日语或245二外法语或246二外德语
③611基础英语
④801英语综合（语言学、文学）
①听说、写作
①口试
②阅读与写作
050202俄语语言文学
01 (全日制)俄语语言学
02 (全日制)俄罗斯文学
03 (全日制)俄语翻译学
04 (全日制)语言文化学
①101思想政治理论
06 (全日制)媒介经营管理
①101思想政治理论
②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或240法语或241德语
③617综合知识（含法律、经济、中国古代、现当代代表作家的经典作品，以及论说文、记叙文的写作）
④809新闻传播学基础（含新闻理论、新闻业务、传播学基本理论）
①传播理论(01)
②广告传播理论与实务(02)
①101思想政治理论
②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或240法语或241德语
③303数学三
④818经济学基本理论
①政治经济学
①货币银行学
②财政学
020102经济思想史
00 (全日制)不区分研究方向
①101思想政治理论
②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或240法语或241德语
各专业共同考试科目： 101思想政治理论：全国统考试题 外国语(含第二.doc
各专业共同考试科Fh101思想政治理论：全国统考试题外国语（含第二外语）：201英语一、202俄语、203 口语由国家统一命题, 241英语、242俄语、243日语、244德语、245法语、246西班牙语、247朝鲜语由我校自行命题自命题参考书H:241英语：任选一套大学本科外语专业学生所用英语二外教材242俄语：大学俄语《东方》（1-3册），丁树杞主编，外语教学与研究出版社243日语：《大学日本语》（1-3册），王廷凯主编，四川大学出版社244德语:《德语》，吴永年、华宗德编著，上海外语教育出版社245法语：《法语》（1-3册），北京外国语大学法语系马晓宏编著，外语教学与研究出版社或《简明法语教程》（上、下册），孙辉编著，商务印书馆（任选其中一套）246西班牙语：《现代西班牙语》（1-2册），刘元祺、徐蕾编，外语教学与研究出版社或《西班牙语速成》（上下册），李威伦编，北京语言文化大学出版社（任选其中一套）247朝鲜语：《轻松学韩语》（初级1、2,中级1、2）, ? ? ?韩国语补习班编箸，罗远惠译，北京大学出版社010103外国哲学初试参考书冃:631哲学综合《哲学通论》，孙正聿，复旦大学出版社《中国哲学史》（上、下），冯友兰，华东师范大学出版社831西方哲学史，《西方哲学简史》，赵敦华，北京大学出版社《政治哲学导论》，托马斯，中国人民大学出版社复试参考书冃:《新编现代西方哲学》，刘放桐主编，人民出版社040102课程与教学论初试参考书冃：311教育学专业基础综合由教育部统一命题复试参考书冃：《课程理论》，施良方，教育科学出版社《中国教育史》（修订版），孙培青，华东师范大学出版社《外国教育史》（修订本），王天一等，北京师范大学出版社050101文艺学初试参考书冃：622文艺学综合《文学理论教程》（修订四版），童庆炳主编，高等教育出版社822西方文论《西方美学史》，朱光潜，人民文学出版社《当代文学理论导读》，（英）塞尔登等著、刘象愚译，北京大学出版社。
杭州电子科技大学2022年自命题科目考试大纲 621基础英语
杭州电子科技大学
全国硕士研究生招生考试业务课考试大纲考试科目名称：基础英语科目代码：621 一、英语词汇知识
1．英语词汇理解。
2．英语词汇常用搭配。
3．英语词汇辨析。
4．英语常用短语、习惯用法。
二、英语语法知识
1．英语各类词汇用法。
2．英语句子结构、句型。
3．英语各种从句。
4．句子之间和段落之间的衔接手段。
三、英语完型填空
1．记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文等结构特征。
2.语言知识填空
（1）信息词汇填空。
（2）功能词汇填空
（3）各种语法规则、句型、句式。
（4）篇章的整体布局、上下文段落的衔接
3．其他相关知识。
四、英语阅读
1．一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评。
2．英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品。
3．文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。
4．文章的主旨和大意、事实和细节。
5．主要信息提炼、归纳和综合表述。
6．阅读速度和阅读技巧。
五、英语写作
1．英语词汇和语法知识综合运用。
2．常用体裁和题材写作。
3．常用文体与修辞的运用。
4．内容充实度，语言通顺度，用词恰当和表达得体性。
5．书面语言运用和交际技巧。
6．作品分析和鉴赏。
参考书目：
杨立民，现代大学英语精读（1-6），外语教学与研究出版社，2012。
巫漪云、黄关福，高级英语（上下），复旦大学出版社，2006。
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天津师范大学考研专业目录
天津师范大学考研专业目录.院系所专业学习方式拟招生人数研究方向考试科目专业研究方向备注001文学院050101文艺学全日制801文学理论①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③666文学理论基础④866语言文学综合02文学评论050103汉语言文字学全日制1201汉语语法学①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③635汉语基础(现代汉语、古代汉语、语言学概论)④866语言文学综合02汉语方言学03古文字学04汉语语音学05训诂学050104中国古典文献学全日制200不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③636中国古典文献学④866语言文学综合050105中国古代文学全日制1201先秦两汉魏晋南北朝文学①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③637中国古代文学史④866语言文学综合02唐宋文学03元明清文学04中国古代民间文学050106中国现当代文学全日制601现代文学①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③638中国现代文学评论写作④866语言文学综合602当代文学①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③639中国当代文学评论写作④866语言文学综合050108比较文学与世界文学全日制1401比较文学①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日02东方文学与文化03西方文学与文化语③693比较文学④866语言文学综合002政治与行政学院030201政治学理论全日制1301政治学基本理论①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③620政治学原理④820西方政治思想史02中西政治思想史03政治文化030202中外政治制度全日制601比较政治与政治制度①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③620政治学原理④811比较政治制度02比较政治学基本理论030203科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动全日制701社会主义基础理论①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③621马克思主义基本原理④821科学社会主义理论与实践02中国特色社会主义理论03当代世界社会主义030204中共党史全日制801中国共产党执政历史及其规律研究①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③623中共党史④823中国近代史02新民主主义理论与实践03中国特色社会主义和现代化理论与实践030206国际政治全日制701国际政治理论①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或203日语③662国际关系理论④862国际关系史02亚太政治与中国外交0302Z1政府治理与公共政策全日制1101政府治理①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或203日语③620政治学原理④830公共政策分析02公共政策03舆情研究04公共安全与应急管理030301社会学全日制801发展社会学①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③663社会学理论④863社会研究方法02城市社会学03社会管理与社会政策035200社会工作全日制2001社会工作实务①101思想政治理论②204英语（二）③331社会工作原理学制2年02社会福利与社会政策④437社会工作实务03社会服务管理120400公共管理全日制801行政管理①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③622公共管理学基础④830公共政策分析02公共政策03区域治理125200公共管理非全日制10000不区分研究方向①199管理类综合能力②202俄语或203日语或204英语（二）③-无④--无学制2.5年004历史文化学院、欧洲文明研究院060100考古学全日制501不区分方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③612考古学通论④--无060200中国史全日制2901中国史学史①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③613历史学基础1④--无02中国历史地理学03中国历史文献学04中国专门史05中国古代史06中国近现代史060300世界史全日制3301世界专门史①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③713历史学基础2④--无02世界上古中古史03世界近现代史04世界地区与国别史05史学理论与外国史学史065100文物与博物馆全日制3001考古学①101思想政治理论②204英语（二）③348文博综合④--无学制3年02博物馆学03古籍保护学005数学科学学院070101基础数学全日制800不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③629数学分析④829高等代数070102计算数学全日制500不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③629数学分析④829高等代数070103全日200不区分①101思想政治概率论与数理统计制研究方向理论②201英语（一）③629数学分析④829高等代数070104应用数学全日制400不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③629数学分析④829高等代数070105运筹学与控制论全日制400不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③629数学分析④829高等代数071200科学技术史全日制301数学史①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③629数学分析④854数学史本科修读的是数学相关专业007化学学院070300化学全日制7001无机化学①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③632有机化学④832综合化学（无机、物化）02分析化学03有机化学04物理化学085602化学工程全日制1500不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②204英语（二）③302数学制3年学（二）④834综合化学（无机、有机、物化）008地理与环境科学学院070501自然地理学全日制1801地表系统与可持续发展①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③303数学（三）④865自然地理学02环境演变与风险管理03流域水文-生态过程模拟与调控070502人文地理学全日制1101自由经济区与一带一路研究①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③303数学（三）④828地理学综合02空间规划与政策070503地图学与地理信息系统全日制901地理信息科学与技术①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③303数学（三）④813地理信息系统综合02定量遥感原理与方法03地理信息智能服务0705Z1环境地全日制1201地表环境变化过①101思想政治理论理学程与效应 ②201英语（一） ③303数学（三）④855环境地理学02污染生态环境修复科学与技术03区域环境规划与管理009计算机与信息工程学院077500计算机科学与技术全日制 2501人工智能①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③603数学（含高等数学、线性代数）④808数据结构与C++程序设计授予理学学位 02情感计算03分布式计算04生物计算05教育大数据处理 06移动计算07无线传感器网络 08图像处理085405软件工程全日制1400不区分研究方向 ①101思想政治理论②204英语（二）③302数学（二）④808数据结构与C++程序设计学制3年085411全日1300不区分①101思想政治学制3大数据技术与工程制研究方向理论②204英语（二）③302数学（二）④808数据结构与C++程序设计年010外国语学院050201英语语言文学全日制801英美文化①101思想政治理论②243日语（自命题）或244法语（自命题）③641基础英语④895综合英语02英美文学050211外国语言学及应用语言学全日制501语言学①101思想政治理论②243日语（自命题）或244法语（自命题）③641基础英语④895综合英语302日本语言文化学①101思想政治理论②242英语（自命题）③643基础日语④891日语语言文化303俄语语言文化学①101思想政治理论②242英语（自命题）③642基础俄语④892俄语语言文化055101英语笔译全日制3800不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识学制2年055102英语口译全日制1200不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识学制2年055111朝鲜语笔译全日制2000不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②216翻译硕士朝鲜语③362朝鲜语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识学制2年055112朝鲜语口译全日制1000不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②216翻译硕士朝鲜语③362朝鲜语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识学制2年011国际教育交流学院045300汉语国际教育全日制5000不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202学制3年俄语或245韩语③354汉语基础④445汉语国际教育基础050102语言学及应用语言学全日制601语言理论①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）或202俄语或203日语③644语言学理论④844汉语基础理论02第二语言习得03汉语语法学04汉语语音学05实验语音学012体育科学学院040301体育人文社会学全日制301社会体育研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③664体育人文社会学基础综合④--无02体育管理研究方向040303体育教育训练学全日制301学校体育研究方向①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③665体育教育训练学基础综合④--无02竞技体育研究方向045201体育教学全日制2500不区分研究方向①101思想政治理论②204英语（二）③346体育综合④--无学制2年045202全日2500不区分①101思想政治学制2运动训练制研究方向理论②204英语（二）③346体育综合④--无年013管理学院120100管理科学与工程全日制501物流与供应链管理①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③303数学（三）④873微观经济学02行为运营管理03系统分析与协调120201会计学全日制301会计理论与实务研究①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③303数学（三）④876会计学02审计理论与实务研究03财务理论与实务研究120202企业管理全日制901市场营销管理①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③303数学（三）④850管理学02战略管理与创新03人力资源管理04组织行为学05企业创新管理120501图书馆学全日制401数字化信息资源建设①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③656信息管理学基础④860图书馆学基础02用户研究与信息服务03现代图书馆应用与服务04古籍保护理论与实践120502情报学全日制1301现代情报理论与方法①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③656信息管理学基础④856数据库系统概论02企业竞争情报与竞争战略03科学评价与文献计量120503档案学全日制401档案信息资源开发①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③656信息管理学基础④872档案学基础02电子政务与档案管理03档案与文化125100工商管非全日制5000不区分研究方向①199管理类综合能力学制2.5年理②202俄语或203日语或204英语（二）③-无④--无125500图书情报全日制5501信息分析与信息服务①199管理类综合能力②202俄语或203日语或204英语（二）③-无④--无学制3年02图书馆管理与服务03档案管理与档案服务015音乐与影视学院1302L1音乐学全日制301民族音乐学理论研究①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③615中外音乐史④815音乐文论写作非全日制101民族音乐学理论研究1302Z2舞蹈学全日制201舞蹈教育理论研究①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③614舞蹈史与学科理论④814舞蹈写作非全日制401舞蹈教育理论研究1303Z2电影学全日制301电影理论①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③699艺术概论④899影视创作与评论02戏剧与电影史论及比较研究非全日制901电影理论①101思想政治理论②201英语（一）③699艺术概论④899影视创作与评论02戏剧与电影史论及比较研究135101音乐全日制1501钢琴、器乐演凑（钢琴、打击乐、大号、小号）①101思想政治理论②204英语（二）③615中外音乐史④815音乐文论写作学制3年。
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杭州电子科技大学
全国硕士研究生招生考试业务课考试大纲考试科目名称：基础英语科目代码：621一、英语词汇知识
1．英语词汇理解。
2．英语词汇常用搭配。
3．英语词汇辨析。
4．英语常用短语、习惯用法。
二、英语语法知识
1．英语各类词汇用法。
2．英语句子结构、句型。
3．英语各种从句。
4．句子之间和段落之间的衔接手段。
三、英语完型填空
1．记叙文、说明文、应用文、议论文等结构特征。
2.语言知识填空
（1）信息词汇填空。
（2）功能词汇填空
（3）各种语法规则、句型、句式。
（4）篇章的整体布局、上下文段落的衔接
3．其他相关知识。
四、英语阅读
1．一般英美报刊杂志上的社论和书评。
2．英语国家出版的有一定难度的历史传记和文学作品。
3．文章的思想观点、语篇结构、语言特点和修辞手法。
4．文章的主旨和大意、事实和细节。
5．主要信息提炼、归纳和综合表述。
6．阅读速度和阅读技巧。
五、英语写作
1．英语词汇和语法知识综合运用。
2．常用体裁和题材写作。
3．常用文体与修辞的运用。
4．内容充实度，语言通顺度，用词恰当和表达得体性。
5．书面语言运用和交际技巧。
6．作品分析和鉴赏。
参考书目：
杨立民，现代大学英语精读（1-6），外语教学与研究出版社，2012。
巫漪云、黄关福，高级英语（上下），复旦大学出版社，2006。
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