(完整)动词不定式作定语
(完整版)动词不定式用法经典例句总结,推荐文档

(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。
当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态;如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。
如:It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语)在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。
如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)形式1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
一般为:动词+ to do sthHe seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
动词不定式作定语

动词不定式作定语1. 动词不定式作定语的形式动词不定式作定语时,通常有两种形式:1. 带有to的动词不定式:动词不定式前面加上to,例如:to work, to study, to play等。
带有to的动词不定式:动词不定式前面加上to,例如:to work, to study, to play等。
带有to的动词不定式:动词不定式前面加上to,例如:to work, to study, to play等。
2. 不带to的动词不定式:动词不定式去掉to,保留动词原形形式,例如:work, study, play等。
不带to的动词不定式:动词不定式去掉to,保留动词原形形式,例如:work, study, play等。
不带to的动词不定式:动词不定式去掉to,保留动词原形形式,例如:work, study, play等。
2. 动词不定式作定语的作用动词不定式作定语时,可以表示被修饰名词或代词的用途、目的、原因等。
例如:- I have a book to read. (我有一本书可以读。
)to read. (我有一本书可以读。
)to read. (我有一本书可以读。
)- She needs a pen to write. (她需要一支笔用来写字。
)to write. (她需要一支笔用来写字。
)to write. (她需要一支笔用来写字。
) - He has an ___ friend. (他有一个约会是去见他的朋友。
)to meet his friend. (他有一个约会是去见他的朋友。
)to meet his friend. (他有一个约会是去见他的朋友。
)3. 动词不定式作定语的位置动词不定式作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:- The book to read is on the table. (可读的书在桌子上。
)to read is on the table. (可读的书在桌子上。
单元语法专题复习(动词不定式作定语和结果状语)(解析版)

专题14语法专题复习(动词不定式作和结果状语)【语法讲解】一、动词不定式作定语1.动词不定式作定语概述动词不定式作定语要置于被修饰后面(后置定语),一般表示还未发生的动作。
The meeting to be held on Sunday will be a big success.We are looking for someone to help us.2.动词不定式作定语与被修饰词的关系(1)主谓关系指被修饰词是构成动词不定式的动词的逻辑主语。
此时的动词不定式在意义上相当于一个定语从句。
We need someone to help us move the chairs away.=We need someone who can help us move the chairs away.(2)动宾关系指与被修饰词是构成动词不定式的动词的逻辑宾语。
Tom has something to tell us.I have much homework to do.(3)同位关系指动词不定式与被修饰词构成同位关系,即动词不定式表示的是被修饰词的内容。
We had a chance to win the match.(to win the match 就是chance所指的内容)She made a decision to attend a college.(to attend a college就是decision的内容)3.常用动词不定式作定语的情况(1)中心词是序数词,最高级或only/the last等,或名词被这些词修饰,后常用不定式作定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.He is always the last one to leave the office.(2)抽象名词ability,chance,opportunity,belief,way, courage,hope,wish,dream等后常用动词不定式作定语。
动词不定式用法归纳

动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to是其符号,它没有人称和数的变化。
动词不定式在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。
1、作主语· To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。
· To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。
· To say is to believe.眼见为实。
动词不定式(短语)作主语时,为了避免句子的头重脚轻,可以用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语--动词不定式(短语)放在句子的后部。
上面的句子可以改为:· It is hard to be a doctor. · It is not easy to learn English w ell. · It’s important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的,可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短语,称为不定式的复合结构。
· It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。
· It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。
2、作表语在形式上,位于系动词后的就是表语。
从含义上讲,表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。
动词不定式(短语)作表语常用于系词be的后面。
· His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。
· My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。
· Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。
(完整版)动词不定式的用法总结

动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式在中学英语中应用非常广泛,一方面在句中可起名词、形容词或副词的作用,同时也可在句中作主语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。
接下来为大家提供了以下:动词不定式的用法总结一动词不定式的形式一般是to +动词原形,但to有时要省去。
而动词不定式在具体运用时用不用to,取决于谓语动词的用法。
现就以下几方面介绍如下。
一、不定式结构1. 带to的不定式结构能直接跟带to的不定式结构的动词主要有:want, ask, tell, hope, learn, try, decide, forget, remember, like, love, stop, go, come等。
如:I want to go to the movies with you.我想跟你一起去看电影。
Don’t forget to turn off the light before you leave.在你离开之前别忘了关灯。
注意:动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not,即not to do sth.。
如:Dave told me not to wake up Kate.大卫告诉我别叫醒凯特。
2. 不带to的不定式结构以下几种情况使用不带to的动词不定式:(1)在固定词组had better之后。
注意:had better的否定形式是had better not do sth.。
如:You had better go home now.你最好现在回家。
It’s cold outside. You’d better not go out.外面很冷,你最好不要出去。
(2)在let, make, see, feel, watch, hear等感官或使役动词后,要跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。
如:I made them give me the money back.我迫使他们把钱还给我。
I didn’t see you come in.我没看见你进来。
动词不定式作定语 不定式作后置定语

动词不定式作定语不定式作后置定语不定式做定语讲解①不定式作定语,修饰the first,the lost,the third,中心词为不定式的执行者时用to do sth(主动式),中心词为不定式承受者时用to be done(被动式.He was the man to think of the plan to plant trees.The newspaper reporter was the last to walk out of the cave.They found the last child to be injured in the accident.This is the third question to be discussed.②中心词是由动词派生的名词,原动词+不定式作宾语,wish, decision, refusal, arrangement, intention, agreement, hope, need, plan, promise, failure ,attempt They made a decision to put off the meeting until next week.He expressed his wish to visit the Great Wall.He made a promise to be a good boy.There is no need to build a dam on the small river.③中心词是由形容词派生来的,原形容词常用不定式作状语,ability, eagerness, anxiety, patience, willingness.A good teacher must have the ability to make himself understood.④名词本身是抽象名词,不定式解释其中的内容,chance,plan ,means , courage, efforts, measures, movement, opportunity, power, reason, right ,skill, strength, struggle, idea ,way 这时,不定式可以换成of + doing。
动词不定式作定语

在我们国家每个人都有上学的权利。
▪ He has a strange way to make his classes lively and interesting.
他有一个奇特的方法使他的课既生动又有趣。
need,plan,promise, failure,attempt,offer, warning等。
微课堂
例句
比较
His eagerness to get
He was eager to get
back home was quite obvi back home.他急于回家
ous.很明显他急于回家。 。
A good teacher must
He is able to make
have the ability to make hi himself understood.他有
mself understood.一个好 能力把自己的知识讲明
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
教师必须有把自己的知 白。
识讲明白的能力。
3.有些名词的同源形容词常 跟不定式作状语,因此这些 名词也常跟不定式作定语, 常见的有:
相同处
区别
例句
都有“有……要做”的意思, have sth. to do结构中,to do的执行 I have a letter to post , so I can’t go
不定式中的动词必须是及物 者是句子的主语
swimming with you.我有一封信(需要我)要寄
动词或相当于及物动词的短
例句
比较
I don’t trust his promise to co He promised to come
动词不定式作定语和状语

(1)不定式为不及物动词时,要在不定式后
加适当介词;
(2)不定式一般用主动形式表示被动含义,
且其后不能带宾语。
The chair is comfortable to sit on. 这椅子坐上 去很舒服。 The case is heavy to carry.这个箱子携带起来 很重。
3. 不定式作结果状语
A good soldier should have the ambition to become a general. 一个好的士兵应该 有当将军的抱负。
3.不定式作定语表示将来动作
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.明天召开的会议非常重 要。
2. 形容词后常跟不定式作原因状语 He is anxious to leave as soon as possible. 他急于尽快离开。 注:不定式在表语形容词fit, comfortable, impossible,light/heavy,hard(difficult)/easy , expensive/cheap 等后作原因状语时,如不定 式与主语之间有动宾关系,要注意两点:
He found a comfortable hotel to live in. 他 找到了一家舒适的旅馆住。
二、不定式作状语
1.不定式作目的状语
to do是一般式, so as to do, in order to do是其强调式。
(1)We eat to live.我们吃是为了活着。
(2)Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.为了不失去工作,汤 姆对这次事故保持沉默。
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(完整)动词不定式作定语
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浅谈动词不定式作定语
不定式作定语,一般都是作后置定语,修饰前面的名词或代词。
一、不定式与所修饰词之间的关系
1.主谓关系
被修饰的名词或代词实际上是不定式的逻辑主语。
如:
We need someone to help with the work。
(someone will help with the work)我们需要有人来帮忙干这工作。
2.动宾关系
被修饰的名词或代词是动词不定式的逻辑宾语。
如:
I have many letters to write. (to write many letters)我有许多信要写。
3.同位关系
不定式与所修饰的名词指的是一回事。
如:
We have made a plan to learn from Lei Feng. 我们制定了一个向雷锋学习的计划。
4.状语关系
被修饰的名词实际上表示动词不定式动作的方式、时间等。
这些名词多是抽象名词.如:
That's the way to do it. 那样做才对。
I have no time to go there. 我没有时间去那儿.
二、不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系,而该不定式为不及物动词时,其后须加上适当的介词,构成及物动词短语。
如:
I am looking for a room to live in。
我正在找一间屋子住。
I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张写字用的纸.
There is nothing to worry about。
没什么可担心的。
不定式作定语且所修饰的名词是time,place或way时,不定式后的介词一般要省去。
如:
He had no money and no place to live。
他没有钱也没有地方住。
三、当不定式修饰的名词或代词为不定式动作的承受者时,不定式主动形式与被动形式的含义有所不同。
试对比:
There is nothing to do。
无事可做。
(有"无聊感”)
There is nothing to be done。
不能做什么了。
(即"束手无策”了)
There is nothing to see。
没有东西值得看。
There is nothing to be seen。
什么东西也看不见。
一、不定式作定语
1.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后面须有相应的介词。
如:
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in。
There is nothing to worry about。
Please give me a knife to cut with.
Here is some paper for you to write on.
但是,不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place 或way时,不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。
如:He had no money and no place to live (in)。
We found a way to solve this problem (in).
2.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态,也可用被动语态,但其含义有所不同。
试比较:
Have you anything to send ? 你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式to send 的动作执行者是“你”)
Have you anything to be sent ? 你有什么要(我或别人)寄的东西吗?
(不定式to be sent 的动作执行者是“我"或“别人”)
3.用不定式作定语的几种情况:
不定式表将来:
I borrowed some books to read during my holiday。
用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any 等限定的中心词。
如:
He was the best man to do the job.
He was always the first to come and the last to leave。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games。
Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats。
用来修饰的词是抽象名词时,常见的有:ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等.如:
Do you have the ability to read and write English ?
I have a chance to go sight –seeing.
动词不定式作定语与被修饰的词之间有一定的逻辑关系.这些关系常见的有三种。
1、不定式与被修饰的名词或代词有逻辑上的动宾关系。
He told me he had a composition to write。
I want to get something to drink.
由上述例句得知,此时的不定式必须是及物动词。
如果是不及物动词,其后就带一个结构或含
义上所需要的介词。
如:
Will you please bring me a chair to sit on?
She has nothing to worry about。
2、不定式与被修饰的名词或不定代词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
如:
He was the last one to arrive。
Is there anyone to take care of the children。
例句中的不定式动作的逻辑主语分别是one和anyone。
此时的不定式在意义上相当于一个定语从句。
如:
Among the men to take part in the work(==Among the men who are to take part in the work),he is probably the most active.
3、不定式所修饰的词在意义上通常是用于不定式所做某种事情的。
如:
We have got a new way to kill field mice。
I think he will have a chance to go to his hometown.
可以看出,way是用来to kill field mice, chance是用来 to go to his hometown。
因此,这种类型的不定式译法较灵活.可译作“…的”或“来/去…”等。
如:
She has no time to see the film&j]l垰。