2020年全国高考英语试题分类汇编：非谓语动词
2020-2021年高考非谓语动词考及试题答案
2020-2021年高考非谓语动词考及试题答案一、单项选择非谓语动词1．I'm calling to enquire about the position __________in yesterday's China Daily. A．advertised B．to be advertised C．advertising D．having advertised 【答案】A【解析】【详解】A句意：我打电话来咨询一下昨天中国日报上刊登职位的信息。
the position与advertise 是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。
此处的过去分词可以理解为一个定语从句which was advertised。
2．Don't turn a deaf ear to the advice which will make a ________to your future.A．mess B．differenceC．fuss D．remark【答案】B【解析】不要对能够对你未来产生影响的建议掩耳不闻。
make a different to对什么有影响，是固定短语，所以选B。
3．Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly.A． keep B． kept C． keeping D． to keep【答案】D【解析】4．（江苏）Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.A．having exceeded B．to exceedC．exceeded D．exceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000个的预期数量。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题22：非谓语动词(五)附答案
2020年高考语法考点讲解与真题分析22 非谓语动词（五）考点八非谓语动词的时态非谓语动词和动词一样，也有时态和语态的变化，见下表（以do为例）：主动被动不定式一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing完成式to have done to have been done动名词现在分词一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done过去分词done1．非谓语动词的时态：非谓语动词的动作与句子谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在其后，非谓语动用一般式；非谓语动词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，非谓语动词用完成式。
1. Many Chinese brands, __________their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. （2017江苏）A. having developedB. being developedC. developedD. developing【答案】A【解析】这里是非谓语动词作非限制性定语。
逻辑主语bands与develop是主动关系，且非谓语动词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式。
2. ______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. (2015天津)A. To workB. WorkedC. To be workingD. Having worked【答案】D【解析】这里是分词作时间状语，逻辑主语Steve与work之间是主动关系，且分词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式。
3. ________ the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.（2014福建）A. SpendingB. SpentC. Having spentD. To spend【答案】C【解析】这里是分词作原因状语，逻辑主语Linda与spend之间是主动关系，且分词的动作发生在句子谓语动词动作之前，故用现在分词的完成式。
专题05 非谓语动词(解析版)-三年(2022-2024)高考英语真题分类汇编(全国通用)
专题05非谓语动词年份卷别动词不定式三年（16考）过去分词三年（10考）现在分词与动名词三年（15考）命题趋势2024新高考I卷to give closed engineering动词不定式：1.考查不定式的句法功能（做目的状语、定语、补语、主语和宾语）。
2.不定式的固定搭配和句型。
过去分词：1.考查过去分词形式句法功能（做状语、定语、补语）。
2.过去分词与现在分词辨析。
现在分词和动名词：1.考查动词-ing形式句法功能（做状语、定语、补语、主语和宾语）。
2.动词-ing的固定搭配和句型。
高考真题对非谓语的考查往往以较长句子出现，需要注重结构复杂化和情景化。
新高考II卷to find inspired recalling全国甲卷to catchshared→sharepacking→packed浙江卷1月to benefit designed2023新高考I卷to biteto be liftedrecognized wanting新高考II卷visiting全国甲卷to teach borrowing全国乙卷built recording;Havingvisited 北京卷to address facing浙江卷1月surrounded2022新高考I卷to increase Covering新高考II卷to see falling全国甲卷to talkto journeystaying(改错)planning全国乙卷to strengthen shared inviting;causing(改错)浙江卷1月to continue changing 北京卷supposed天津卷To keep allowing考点01动词不定式1.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）These sepals open on warm days________(give)the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.【答案】to give【解析】考查非谓语动词。
新高考2020届英语试卷---非谓语动词(原卷word版 )
第二讲非谓语动词在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式：1. Last year, for example, ________(celebrate) the festival, hundreds of yoga enthusiasts from India and China gathered on the Great Wall in Beijing.2. According to some experts, people form first impressions______ (base) first on how you look, then on how you sound, and finally on what you say.3. Nowadays, many stores make cloth shoes_____(use) machines.4. She says the shoes ________(produce) by the machine are not of the some quality as handmade ones .5. It is worth _______(note) that hot spring industry has gained fame in Datong city thanks to its rich hot spring resources in the surrounding counties.6. He lost his temper. I stood rooted to the ground,______(wonder) whether to stay or leave .7. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely_______(refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses.8. Neat and tidy make-up. Add all of this up and you are well on the way to______(create) a good first impression.9. As for his future plans, the courier said he would stick to________(recite) poems.10.But on World Hunger Day, let us not forget that with over 815,000 people still________(live) in daily food insecurity, we still have a long way to go before we can safely say that no child goes to bed hungry most nights .11. However, the moth tried to fly higher and farther from the door and got _______(trap) ina spider's web .12. Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful microblog . As a result, we improve ourselves while________ (organize) our microblogs.13. The visitors to Britain may find the most marvelous place _______(enjoy) the local culture is in a traditional pub.14. For grocery stores, they suggest ________(encourage) shoppers to buy more produce by offering samples of fruit and vegetables to them upon their entering the store!15. Many means had been tried but none of them was good enough ________(catch) the rats.16. The speaker then led the group to the room full of balloons and asked them to find the balloon that the speakerhad their name_______(write) on within five minutes .17.His parting gift included over 1,000 dumplings and 150 liters of soup and a number of sweet notes_______(hide) around the house.二、考点一非谓语动词作状语1.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨三中一模，65)Peking opera has a rich list of plays, artists, troupes(剧团）, and wide influences,________________ (make)it the leading opera in China.2.(2019黑龙江大庆质检三，63)________________(inspire)by the sparrow hawk(鹰）circling around in the sky, Lu Ban made one with bamboo and called it "bamboo sparrow".3.(2019黑龙江大庆质检三，67)In the Song Dynasty,people loaded gunpowder on a kite________________(attack) the enemy by flying it into the sky above the enemy camp, where it exploded and caused chaos.4.(2019辽宁辽南协作体二模，63)They lose weight for a while , only ________________( gain ) more when they stop the program .5.(2019陕西咸阳二模，43)In China,more and more couples get married on that very day, ____________ (add) romance to their promises.6.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特二模，65)________________fear)he might never get to fulfill the dream of walking her down to her Mr.Right, Fu arranged the surprise photo shoot.7.(2018重庆4月调研，69)On the other side,many Chinese systems have been created ________________(earn) money.考点二非谓语动词作定语1.(2019吉林辽源二模，62)The event serves not only as an spectacular ceremony to commemorate the world-famous Chinese philosopher, but a chance________________ (celebrate) Chinese culture together with other local communities.2.(2019陕西汉中一模，49)The food________________(prepare)in this way keeps its fresh flavor and it is this flavor that attracts people from other countries to the art of Chinese cooking.3.(2019吉林四平一中二模，62)As he unwrapped the gift,he saw that it was a book _______( name) The Greatest StoryEver Told.4.(2019黑龙江大庆一中二模，61)For many people,especially those ________________(live) in the old parts of the towns ,this is undoubtedly a problem.5.(2019吉林普通高中三调，67)Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem ________________(call) caffeinism.6.(2019黑龙江大庆一中二模，66)It is expected by the end of this year there will be about 10,000 overnight parking spaces________________(provide) by government departments and institutions.7.(2018东北三省三校一模，61)Several walls were being built as early as the 7th century BC; these, later joined together and________________(make) stronger, are collectively referred to as theGreat Wall.考点三非请语动词作宾语、补语、主语、表语1.(2019吉林辽源二模，70)It was he that first set up private schools and accepted students from every walk of life without________________(consider) their social status.2.(2019吉林长春质检二，66)They start building their huts late in the summer, but do not get them________________ (finish) before the early frosts.3.(2019陕西咸阳一模，68)For his second appearance in front of the camera, Chaplin selected the costume with which he became ________________(identify).4.(2019新疆乌鲁木齐二诊，70)Some shops,like department stores, want to open for business, but many have been taken to court by local councils for ________________(break) the law.5.(2019吉林省吉林市一模，48)But if you do find it difficult________________(fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening .6.(2019陕西宝鸡中学三模，61)Goals can help you do and experience everything you want in life and goals allow you________________(make)your life happen.7.(2019辽宁鞍山一中三模，62)So I attempted________________(translate) through the things they were familiar with.三、(用所给动词的适当形式填空）Do you like 1 (travel)? 2 (stay)healthy while 3 (travel)can help to ensure your trip is a happy and enjoyable one. Here are the tips you need 4 (make) your trip much easier.Make sure you have got a 5 ( sign ) passport and a visa .Also, before you go, fill in the emergency information page of your passport ! Make two copies of your passport identification page . This will help a lot if your passport 6 ( steal ) . Leave one copy at home with friends or relatives . Carry the other with you in a separate place from your passport.Read the public announcements or travel warnings for the countries you plan 7 ( visit ) . Get yourself8 ( inform ) of local laws and customs of the countries to which you are travelling Leave a copy of your itinerary(旅行日程）with family or friends at home so that you can be 9 (contact) in case of an emergency. Do not accept packages 10 (give) from strangers. Do not carry too much money or unnecessary credit cards. If you make enough preparations, you will succeed. Have a good time!。
2020-2021年高考非谓语动词考及试题答案
2020-2021年高考非谓语动词考及试题答案一、单项选择非谓语动词1．On the third floor there are two rooms, ________ used as a meeting-room.A．the larger of which B．one of themC．and a larger of them D．the largest one of which【答案】B【解析】考查过去分词的独立主格结构。
句意：三楼有两个房间，其中一个被用作会议室。
如果选A项，是非限制性定语从句，从句应该用一般过去时态的被动语态，此处used是过去分词，所以A错；如果选C项，中间加and表明是并列句，the+比较级，才表示“两个当中更大的”，故C项错；因为是两个房间，不可能出现最高级，故D项错；只有选B项是过去分词的独立主格结构，符合题意。
【名师点睛】非谓语动词的独立主格结构一、独立主格结构的概念独立主格结构（Absolute Structure）是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子。
独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活，可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。
需特别注意的是，独立主格结构与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。
二、独立主格结构基本构成形式名词(代词)+现在分词（过去分词；形容词；副词；不定式；名词；介词短语）1. 名词(代词)+现在分词There being no bus, we had to walk home.由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。
2. 名词(代词)+过去分词The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved.由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。
3. 名词(代词)+不定式在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中，动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，动词不定式则用主动的形式；如果是动宾关系，则用被动形式。
2020高考英语非谓语动词精选试题(8页)
2020高考英语非谓语动词精选试题选择填空1.__________the windows and the door, the students left the classroom.A .Being closed B. To closedC. Having closed D . Closing2._________in simple English, the book is easy to read.A. WritingB. WrittenC. To write D To be written3. The teacher entered the classroom____________by his students.A. following B to be followingC. followed D having followed4.__________in Shanghai for many years, he knows the city well.A .LivingB Being livedC. Having livedD. To live5. __________by the Party, we are going forward from victory to victory.A LeadingB LeadC. LedD. To lead6__________as the best one in the city, the factory was given a medal.A. To regard B Having regardedC RegardingD Regarded7. The driver looked sadly at the broken car,_________how much it would cost to repair.A. wonderB. wondersC. wonderedD. wondering8._________working in the town, he made many good friends there.A. IfB. WhileC. As D And9. With the money__________，he couldn't buy any ticket.A. to lose B losingC. lostD. has lost10.___________what to do, he telephoned me for help.A. Not knowing B Knowing notC Not to know D. To know notI1. The big tower___________in the Ming Dynasty broke down last week.A being buildingB builtC being built D. build12. I’ve never heard the word_______________in spoken English.A. use B usingC. usedD. to be used13. There are many students____________ basketball on the playground.A . played B. have playedC having been played D. playing14. While_________the play, I couldn't help thinking of my little sister.A. watching B watchedC. being watched D watch15. With winter__________on, it's time to buy warm clothes.A. cameB. comesC. comingD. come16. The pen__________belongs to meA. which it is on the tableB. lying on the tableC is on the table D. which on the table17. He said to us that the house________ now is our new school.A. is builtB. being builtC. BuildingD. to be built18. All the guests____________here, we began the dancing party.A. had been B beC having been D. were19. Weather______________, we'll go there on foot.A.permit B permitsC. permitting D permitted20. There___________no buses, we had to go home on foot.A .beingB beenC. isD. are21.It ____________heavily, the basketball match had to be put off.A. being rainedB. rainedC. rainingD.rains22. _______________, the concert began.A. The listeners having taken their seatsB. Having taken their seatsC Have taken their placesD. The listeners to have taken their places23. Seeing the sun_____________above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout ofjoy.A. to riseB. raiseC.risingD. raising24. With so much work__________, I can't go out for a play together with you.A. to do B to be doneC being doneD done【语法整合部分一非谓语动词】分词用法专项训练用分词简化下列句子I. Do you know the League members who are dancing in the hall?2. They lived in the house that faced the south3. The large house which is being built in the street is a new hospital4. This is a factory which was built in 1977.5. The party which is being prepared now will be a great success6. Do you know the man who is standing over there?7. Who is the comrade that is standing by the door?8. I bought a novel that was written by Lu Xun.9. The dinner which was cooked by my mother yesterday tasted nice.10. The people who are taking photos in the park are foreignersIl. They plan to build a highway which leads to Suzhou.12. The building which is being built now is a library13. Water that is taken from this river is not pure enough to drink14. There are a number of students who are waiting to be examined15. While she was watching the film on TV, she could not keep back her tears16. When he had collected all the materials, he set about writing the report17. I did not find my teacher’s house, because I had been given a wrong address.18. If you think it over, you will have a good idea.19. After he had received the letter, he made a phone call to his girlfriend.20. As I don't know much English, I'm afraid I can't express myself clearly.I.将下列句子扩充为主从复合句1. When crossing the street, you can't be too careful2. Lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him3. The picture hanging on the wall is painted by my nephew4. While walking along the shore, we saw that the water was very dirty5. Having done my homework, I went out to play6. Well-known for his wonderful drawings, he was warmly welcomed wherever he went.7. Standing on the top of the mountain, we can see the whole city.8. The students, surprised at the way the questions wvere put, didn't know how to answer them9. Dressed in her finest skirt, the girl tried to make herself noticed at the party10. Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.11. Slow down for children crossing the street12. When asked who she was, she said she was Mr. Johnson's sister13. The girls attending the sick all come from the countryside14. Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.15. Belonging to the cat family, the small tiger looks like a big cat.16. They saw many travelers standing in front of the park, waiting to enter.17. The houses built 50 years ago were pulled down last week18. Caught in the traffic jam, he got to school very late this moring19 Absorbed in the book he was reading, the boy almost knocked into a tree20. While working in the country, I made many farmer friends.单句改错I. The baby is sleeping in the next room is her daughter.2. Run rapidly across the street, I lost my wallet with some money in it.3. She put on a new dress making by her mother.4. Being a clever girl, her father sent her to school.5. The painting hangs on the wall was painted by my grand father.6. The farmer led an old horse carried a bag full of grass on its back7. Defeating by the PLA men, the enemy soldiers had to give up their arms8. Having told that some guests were coming. /got the room ready.9. Comparing with his brother, he is tall and strong.10. There will be thousands of birds flew over our city.II. Taking on time, the medicine will be helpful12. Seen from the hill, and the village looks beautiful13. Having shown how to type, the students began to practice14. Not had studied hard at his lessons, he failed in the examinations15. Judge from what he did, he was an honest man.16. Dressing in her nicest skirt, the girl tried to make herself noticed at the party17. There are five boys are playing basketball on the playground18. More time giving, I'll do it much better。
专题05 非谓语动词(学生版) 2020-2022年近3年高考英语真题分项版汇编
专题05 非谓语动词2022年高考真题1（2022新高考I卷）__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.2（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.3（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.4（2022全国甲卷）Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road.5（2022全国甲卷）He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.6（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.7.（2022年浙江卷1月）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________（continue）the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."2021年高考真题1.（2021.6新高考1卷语法填空）Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers2.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）It is possible 3 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.3.（2021.6全国甲卷语法填空）After 4 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!4.（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）5.（2021.6全国乙卷语法填空）on the natural environment.6.（2021.6 浙江卷语法填空）7.（2021.1 浙江卷语法填空）men and women in rural areas.8.（2021.1 浙江卷语法填空）and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.9.（2021.3 天津卷单选）China's National Highway 318, over 5, 000 kilometers from Shanghai to Zhangmu, Tibet, is known asthe "heavenly road" for its amazing views.A. to extendB. extendedC. extendingD. being extended2020年高考真题1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66．(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.2.（（2020·新课标I卷短文改错））I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.3.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）My mom told me how to preparing it4.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They represent the earth 63．(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.5. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They make great gifs and you see them many times 65．(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.6. （2020·新课标II卷语法填空）They are easy 68．(care) for and make great presents.7.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67．(find) the well-known painter.8.（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69．(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.9.(2020·山东新高考语法填空) As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves (they) living at a different time in history or 43．(walk)through a rainforest.10. (2020·浙江卷语法填空) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60．(change)lives.11.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later，they learned to work with the seasons (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas，63．(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.12. （2020·江苏卷）Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.A. combined withB. combining withC. having combined withD. to be combined with 13．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world.A．Having completed B．Being completedC．Completed D．Completing14．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第一次)）The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection ____________ economic growth.A．to be promoted B．being promoted C．promoting D．to promote15．（2020·（天津卷)英语笔试（第二次)）______ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.A．To help B．Helped C．Helping D．Being helped。
2020近5年高考英语全国卷真题语法专项-非谓语固定搭配
2020近5年高考英语全国卷真题语法专项-非谓语固定搭配近5年高考英语全国卷真题语法专项-非谓语固定搭配考点精讲1.非谓语doing作宾语①下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, eacape, permit。
例如：I suggest playing football.( 即suggest +doing )②下列动词短语接动名词：leave off, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, have trouble / difficulty(in) doing sth. devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth。
例如：I am looking forward to visiting Beijing.③介词后要接动名词。
what about、how about、without、be fond of、be good at等介词后接动名词。
注意on / upon doing sth. = as soon as 引导的从中。
作此意讲时on / upon后也可以接名词。
如on his arrival…。
2. 非谓语to do作宾语（即某些动词后只能接to do作宾语）1）下列动词接不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire等例如：She refused to finish the work last week.3.非谓语to do作定语，下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance、wish、right、courage、need、promise、plan、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。
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2020全国高考汇编之非谓语动词一（2020安徽卷）32．While waiting for the opportunity to get , Henry did his best to perform his duty.A. promoteB. promotedC. promotingD. to promote【考点】考察谓语动词用法【答案】B【解析】本题考察的非谓语动词的固定搭配“get+过去分词”，如“get burnt”被烫伤，get paid 获得报酬；本句中的get promoted获得提拔。
句义：在等待着背提拔的机会的时候，Herry 全力以赴地尽好自己的责任。
故B正确。
二（2020北京卷）25. Last night, there were millions of people _______ the opening ceremony live on TV.A.watchB. to watchC. watchedD. watching【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】D【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的现在分词短语做定语的用法，因为动词watch与前面的名词millions of people构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语。
本句中的watching the opening ceremony live on TV相当于定语从句who were watching the opening ceremony live on TV.同时本句只是一个简单句，已经有了一个主谓结构了。
句意：昨天晚上有成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。
故D正确。
【举一反三】The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A. startingB. being startedC. to startD. to be started【答案】A【考点】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。
【解析】根据last night可知start已经发生，故排除C、D（不定式常表将来），B（being done）一般表进行，也排除。
非谓语动词的主动语态和被动语态现在分词作定语三（2020北京卷）28. There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay onA. solvingB. solvedC. being solvedD.to be solved【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词的基本用法。
现在分词doing表示主动或者正在进行的动作；过去分词done表示被动或者已经完成的动作，不定式to do 表示主动或者将要发生的动作。
句意：在我们准备在月球上长期生活之前，还有很多问题有待于解决。
根据句意可知很多问题还没有被解决，都是未来将要发生的事情，所以使用不定式。
而这些问题又是要被解决的，所以使用不定式的被动语态。
故D正确。
【举一反三】We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success.A. being doneB. doC. to be doneD. to do【答案】C【考点】考查非谓语动词。
【解析】因为work与do为被动关系，而need后表被动用-ing的主动形式表被动含义，或用不定式的被动形式，故选C。
谓语与非谓语动词不定式的被动语态作宾语短语need to be done。
四（2020北京卷）35.The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without ______..A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. having recognizedD. having been recognized【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】B【解析】在非谓语动词中，介词的后面常常接动名词做宾语，所以本句中的介词without后面接动名词。
句意：这位电影明星带着太阳镜，因此他可以去买东西而不被认出。
根据句意可知使用的是动名词的被动语态形式。
故B正确。
五（2020大纲卷）23. Toady there are more airplanes _____ more people than ever before in the skies.A. carryB. carryingC. carriedD. to be carrying【考点】考察非谓语动词【解析】本题查看的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语用法。
动词carry与前面的名词airplanes 构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语carrying more people than ever before在句中做定语。
相当于短语从句which carry more people than ever before.句义：现在太空中有更多的能够运载比以前的飞机运载更多的乘客的飞机。
故B正确。
【举一反三】Mark lives in a big pleasant room ______ approximately 5 meters by 6 meters.A. measuresB. measuringC. to be measuredD. having measured【答案】B试题分析：本句中的动词measure可以作为及物动词vt.测量；估量；也可以表示：距离（或长度、宽度、数量等）为…；本句中的measure表示的就是第2层含有距离（或长度、宽度、数量等）为….；动词measure与前面的名词room构成逻辑上的主动关系，故使用现在分词measuring approximately 5 meters by 6 meter来修饰前面的名词room。
句义：Mark生活在一个面积大约为5米乘6米的很大的舒服的房子里。
故B正确。
考点：考察分词做定语六（2020福建卷）27. the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.A. SpendingB. SpentC. Having spentD. To spend【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】C【解析】本句考察的是分词做状语的用法。
动词spend与主句主语Linda构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词在句中做状语。
而spend the past year…这个动作是在主句谓语appears more mature之前就发生的，所以使用现在分词的完成式。
句义：作为交换生在香港过了一年，Linda表现得比她的同龄人更为成熟。
故C正确。
【举一反三】“You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, ____ away.A. runB. runningC. to runD. ran【答案】B【解析】试题分析：分词running与句中主语Janet为逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词shout同时发生。
本题大意，“你不能抓住我！”Janet喊着，逃跑了，故B正确。
分词作状语的用法需要注意分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。
七（2020福建卷）30. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying________.A. connectedB. connectingC. to connectD. to be connected【考点】考察非谓语动词用法【答案】A【解析】系动词stay/get后面经常接过去分词转换的形容词，如get paid获得报酬。
Get burnt 被烫伤；本句中的stay connected保持联系。
句义：对于那些家人在远方的人，电脑和电话在和家人保持联系方面是很重要的。
故A正确。
八（2020湖南卷）23.____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.A. UnderstandingB. To be understoodC. Being understoodD. Having understood【考点】考察非谓语动词【答案】A【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词中的动名词做主语的用法。
本句中的动名词定语understanding your own needs and styles of communication在句中是主语，单个的非谓语动词做主语，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
句义：理解你自己的需要和交流方式和知道表达你的爱和情绪一样重要。
本句不存在被动关系，排除BC项。
D项是现在分词的完成式，表示的是已经完成的动作，与句义不相符。
故A正确。
【举一反三】—What made little Tony so unhappy and cry in his room?— ______ to go hiking with his brother.A. Having not been allowedB. Not having allowedC. Having not allowedD. Not having been allowed【答案】D【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。
本题考查动名词短语作主语，根据句意可知是“没有被允许”，故用被动语态。
句意：——什么使得小托尼不开心，在房间里哭呢？——没有允许和他哥哥一起去徒步旅行。
故D正确。
九（2020湖南卷）27. There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of thegrassland, _____at the night sky.A. to stareB. staringC. stared D, having stared【考点】考察非谓语动词【答案】B【解析】本题考察的是非谓语动词做状语的用法。
前面句中的隐含主语是I，主语I和后面的动词stare之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词做状语，表示该动词与前面句中的动词同时发生。