施工图预算毕业设计

毕业设计(论文)天津市XX小区2号楼施工图预算学号：*********名：***专业：土木工程系别：土木工程系指导教师：常生福高级工程师二〇一三年六月摘要施工图预算作为建筑工程造价的重要依据，是招标、投标、签订施工合同、工程施工管理和工程竣工决算的重要文件，根据具体工程采取科学合理的方法编制施工图预算，对确保工程造价的准确度具有十分重要的意义。

本文旨在对施工图预算的内容和编制方法进行研究。

研究过程中，通过熟悉图纸、图集、定额，了解工程的基本情况，根据工程量计算规则，按基础工程、士石方工程、混凝土工程、门窗工程、砌筑工程顺序计算建筑部分工程量，按先地面、天棚，后墙面顺序计算装饰部分工程量，套定额得出总造价并复核结果是否有误。

施工图预算计算和编制时，服从道理，不固执己见，保证“量”与“价”的准确合理。

通过研究施工图预算编制方法，能让我们更好的应对不同的工程造价预算，不断提高预算编制质量，综合方法的优缺点，在不同的工程条件下选择出最适宜的编制方法。

一般土建工程施工图预算编制常用工料单价法，装饰工程施工图预算常用综合单价法。

从施工图预算最基本的两种编制方法出发，分析两者的优缺点，综合最基本的理论知识、造价公式等，在面对不同工程时选择最优的预算编制方法。

本设计是依据一套二层建筑的施工图纸，按照施工图预算书编制的程序，遵工程量计算规则，以天津2008定额说明为编制依据，而编制出来的一套工程预算书。

在编制过程中，笔者详尽计算了各单位工程量，各分部分项工程都严格遵循定额中工程量计算规则，并查阅了大量相关书籍。

最后对设计结果进行了汇总和分析，根据整个设计过程中的心得，形成了设计说明书工程预算书的编制是这次设计的重点，由于经验的不足，在工程量细节处理上，还存在着很多缺陷。

关键词：工程量；定额；规则；计算说明；心得。

ABSTRACTConstruction Budget as an important basis for construction cost is bidding and signing construction contracts, construction management and project completion accounts of important documents, depending on the project to take a scientific method for the preparation of construction plans and reasonable budget, to ensure the accuracy of the project cost degree has very important significance. This article is intended for construction drawing budget content and preparation method is used. Research process, through the familiar drawings, atlas, fixed, to understand the basic situation of the project, according to engineering calculation rules, according to foundation engineering, who stonework works, concrete works, doors and windows, masonry construction part of the project calculated the amount of the order, on the first floor, ceiling, rear wall decorative part of the project calculated the amount of the order, and sets a fixed total cost of reviewing the results obtained is wrong. Budget calculation and preparation of construction plans, the obedience truth, not opinionated, to ensure "quantity" and "price" accurate and reasonable. By studying the construction drawings budgeting, allowing us to better respond to different project cost budget, and continuously improve the quality of budgeting, advantages and disadvantages of an integrated approach in different engineering conditions to select the most appropriate methodology. General civil engineering construction drawings budgeting common quantity price method, commonly used in decorative construction drawing budget integrated unit method. From the two basic construction drawing budget preparation methods, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of both, integrated basic theoretical knowledge, cost formulas, etc., in the face of different projects to choose the best approach to budgeting.The design is based on a two-story building construction drawings, construction drawing budget report prepared in accordance with the procedures, compliance engineering calculation rules to Tianjin 2008 instructions for the preparation of a fixed basis, while preparing a project budget out of the book. In the preparation process, theauthor detailed calculations of the various units of engineering, each part of the project are defined in strict compliance with engineering calculation rules, and access to a large number of related books. Finally, the design results are summarized and analyzed, based on experiences throughout the design process, forming a design specification preparation of project budget book is the focus of this design, because the lack of experience in the engineering details of the deal, there are still many defects. Keywords: engineering; fixed; rules; calculations show; experience.目录摘要 (i)ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. i i 目录 (iv)1绪论 (1)1.1设计目的和意义 (2)1.2国内外现状 (3)2施工图预算的有关概念及编制方法 (4)2.1施工图预算的相关概念 (4)2.2施工图预算的作用 (4)2.3施工图预算的编制方法 (6)3更好编制预算的方法及重审预算 (7)3.1正确的看图纸顺序 (7)3.2计算工程量的顺序 (8)3.3计算注意要点 (8)4天津市XX小区2号楼施工图预算设计方案 (8)4.1工程概况 (8)4.2施工图预算的编制依据 (9)4.3工程量的计算 (9)4.3.1土方工程 (9)4.3.2砌筑工程 (10)4.3.3凝土工程 (10)4.3.4钢筋工程 (10)4.4工程造价的确定 (11)4.4.1直接费的计算 (11)4.4.2间接费的计算 (12)结论 (14)致谢 (15)参考文献 (16)附录一 (17)1绪论作为建设单位希望以最少的资金，造出质优的工程，因此必须对工程项目投资实施全过程有效的成本控制，从组织、技术、合同等方面，挖掘潜力，降低成本，提高投资效益和社会效益。

在工程项目管理中，如何有效地进行工程造价的管理，并在确保工程质量的前提下，降低工程造价，是各级工程造价部门、投资者比较关注的一个问题。

施工图预算是改善企业管理，提高企业经济效益，控制工程造价的重要基础工作。

在建设程序的各个阶段，采用一定方法和措施把工程项目造价的产生控制在合理的范围内和核定的造价限额以内。

由于设计方案、工料机价格等变化，往往容易导致投资“失控”，具体表现为：初步设计概算大于可行性研究投资估算；施工图预算大于初步设计概算。

所以在承发包阶段，初步设计概算可能失去投资控制的作用。