How to Grow Old两种译文对照
How to Grow Old
5 词汇解析
justifiably adv. 无可非议地 v. justify 证明…有理； 为…辩护； 对…作出解释 This does not justify his long absence. 这不能说明他长期缺席是对的。 cheat of 从……那里骗取 to cheat in an exam 在考试中作弊 She cheated her aged aunt of her fortune. 她从年迈的姑妈那里骗得了财产。 joys and sorrows share joys and sorrows with sb. 与某人同甘共苦 =happiness and sadness =ups and downs
5 词汇解析
oppress v. 忧郁，压抑 be oppressed by 因……而烦恼；受……压抑 The gloomy atmosphere in the office oppressed her. 办公室的低沉气氛使她感到郁闷。 He was oppressed by a sense of failure. 他受到失败感压迫。 the＋adj 表示一类人 the young 年轻人 the disabled 残疾人 It is often very difficult for the disabled to find jobs. 残疾人士找工作往往很困难。 justification n. 正当理由 We have sound justification for what we do. 人们对自己所做的事都会有辩解的理由。
句子主干：I should wish to die. 第一个while：引导时间状语从句 while (I am) still at work knowing that ：引导原因状语从句 that others will carry on what I can no longer do，是know 的宾语 第一个what：引导宾语从句，是carry on的宾语 content in：引导原因状语从句 content in the thought that what was possible has been done 第三个that：引导同位语从句 that what was possible has been done，解释说明 thought的内 容 第一个what：引导主语从句 what was possible，是同位语从句was possible has done 的主语
新概念英语第四册第11课全文句子成分分析
Lesson 11 How to grow old 如何安度晚年Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle定语may justifiably feel bitter in the thought同位语that they have been cheated of the best things 定语that life has to offer. But in an old man 定语who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved 宾语whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way 定语to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests 宾补gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit 主语the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes 表语increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and 状语in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, andpainlessly lose their individual being. The man 定语who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things 定语he cares for will continue. And 状语if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while （省略I am）still at work, knowing that others will carry on 宾语what I can no longer do, and content in the thought 同位语that what was possible has been done.。
英译汉赏析3How to Grow Old
How to Grow OldIn spite of the title, this article will really be on how not to grow old, which, at my time of life, is a much more important subject. My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. Of remoter ancestors I can only discover one who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off. A great-grandmother of mine, who was a friend of Gibbon, lived to the age of ninety-two, and to her last day remained a terror to all her descendants. My maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy, and many miscarriages, as soon as she became a widow devoted herself to women's higher education. She was one of the founders of Girton College, and worked hard at opening the medical profession to women. She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who was looking very sad. She inquired the cause of his melancholy and he said that he had just parted from his two grandchildren. "Good gracious," she exclaimed, "I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a dismal existence!" "Madre snaturale," he replied. But speaking as one of the seventy-two, I prefer her recipe. After the age of eighty she found she had some difficulty in getting to sleep, so she habitually spent the hours from midnight to 3 a. m. in reading popular science. I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was growing old. This, I think, is the proper recipe for remaining young. If you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical fact of the论老之将至尽管有这样一个标题，这篇文章真正要谈的却是怎样才能不变老。
HOW-TO-GROW-OLD+中文译文教学文稿
HOW TO GROW OLD(如何平静老去？)HOW TO GROW OLD如何平静老去？By Bertrand Russell波特兰·罗素1. In spite of the title, this article will really be on how not to grow old, which, at my time of life, isa much more important subject. My first advice would be to choose your ancestors carefully. Althoug h both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty. Of remoter ancestors I can only discover on e who did not live to a great age, and he died of a disease which is now rare, namely, having his head cut off。
不管标题是怎么写的，这篇文章实际上告诉你的是如何减缓衰老，这样一个主题在我现在的生命阶段是很重要的。
我的第一个建议是认真仔细的去考察一下自己的宗谱。
虽然我的父母去世的比较早，但是我的别的祖先都活的比较长寿。
我敬爱的祖父，在67岁结束了自己像花期一样富有朝气的生命，我的其余几位祖辈的年龄都超过了80。
how to grow old 怎样活到老(笔译分析第二版)
怎样活到老我认为，1、如果对一些合适的活动有着强烈的个人兴趣，他们将会很容易获得一个成功的晚年。
2、在这一方面，有着丰富的经验；这一方面的经验中可以得到的智慧能够有用，且没有被受压迫。
告诫长大的孩子们不要犯错误那是没有用的，因为他们不会相信你，犯错误压实受教育的重要部分。
但是如果你对于个人以外的事情不感兴趣，你会发现你的生活很空虚，3、除非你关心自己的同时也关心你的孩子及孙子。
在这种情况下，你要明白尽管你还可以提供物质服务，比如给他们零花钱或是织毛衣，你也不要期望他们会喜欢你的陪伴。
一些老人被死亡的恐惧所困扰。
如果年轻人有这种感觉，4、那也是合乎情理的。
年轻人有理由惧怕死在战场，5、觉得痛苦也是很正常的想到他们被骗走了生命所能提供的美好生活。
但是6、对于一个知道人间快乐与痛苦的老人，且事业已经完成，惧怕死亡就未必光彩了。
克服恐惧最好的方法就是——至少在我看来——7、让你的兴趣逐渐扩大，在个人之外，直到阻隔的墙一点点后退，你的生命将会和宇宙生命融合在一起。
独立的人生应该像一条河流——刚开始很小，被河岸所限制，汹涌地向岩石和瀑布冲去。
河流逐渐变宽，河岸后退，河水安静地流着。
没有任何停留就和大海汇聚一起，也失去了自身的存在但毫无痛苦。
在老年能够这样看待生活的人，将不会惧怕死亡，他所关心的事情将会继续下去。
如果随着生命的衰竭，疲劳也会增加，想要休息也是可以接受的。
我希望能够死于工作岗位上，并知道别人接手我不再做的工作，会自己所完成的感到满意。
1、如果对一些合适的活动有着强烈的个人兴趣，他们将会很容易获得一个成功的晚年。
参考译文：如果老年人对于个人以外的事情怀有强烈的兴趣，并参加适当的活动，他们的晚年是最容易过得好的。
原文：I think that a successful old age is easier for those who have strongimpersonal involving appropriate activities.(1)Impersonal 此词翻译有误，误译为“个人的”，忽略了否定前缀“im”，参考译文译为“个人意外的”符合句意；（2）“a successful old age is easier”，翻译为“更容易获得一个成功的晚年”，个人认为参考译文翻译为“…的晚年是最容易过得好的”也不是很流畅，也许翻译为“更易安享晚年”妥当。
新概念英语第四册Lesson11：How to grow old
新概念英语第四册Lesson11：How to grow old Lesson 11How to grow old如何安度晚年First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed inbattle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from thefear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do, and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.BERTRAND RUSSELL How to grow old from Portraits from MemoryNew words and expressions 生词和短语oppressv. 忧郁，压抑justificationn. 正当理由justifiablyadv. 无可非议地cheatv. 欺骗abjectadj. 可怜的ignobleadj. 不体面的，可耻的impersonaladj. 超脱个人感情影响的egon. 自我recededv. 退去increasingadv. 日益，持续passionatelyadv. 激昂地painlesslyadv. 毫无痛苦地vitalityn. 精力wearinessn. 疲惫感参考译文有些老年人因为怕死而感到烦恼。
新概念英语第四册第11课-How to grow old
新概念英语第四册第11课:How to grow oldLesson 11 How to grow old如何安度晚年 First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What, according to the author, is the best way to overcome the fear of death as you get older?Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject and ignoble. The best way to overcome it -- so at least it seems to me -- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river -- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will be not unwelcome. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do,and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.参考译文有些老年人因为怕死而感到烦恼。
第十七届“韩素音青年翻译奖”赛(汉译英)中文原文及参考译文和解析
老来乐Delights in Growing Old六十整岁望七十岁如攀高山。
不料七十岁居然过了。
又想八十岁是难于上青天，可望不可即了。
岂知八十岁又过了。
老汉今年八十二矣。
这是照传统算法，务虚不务实。
现在不是提倡尊重传统吗 ?At the age of sixty I longed for a life span of seventy, a goal as difficult as a summit to be reached. Who would expect that I had reached it? Then I dreamed of living to be eighty, a target in sight but as inaccessible as Heaven. Out of my anticipation, I had hit it. As a matter of fact, I am now an old man of eighty-two. Such longevity is a grant bestowed by Nature; though nominal and not real, yet it conforms to our tradition. Is it not advocated to pay respect to nowadays?老年多半能悟道。
孔子说“天下有道”。
老子说“道可道”。
《圣经》说“太初有道”。
佛教说“邪魔外道”。
我老了，不免胡思乱想，胡说八道，自觉悟出一条真理 : 老年是广阔天地，是可以大有作为的。
An old man is said to understand the Way most probably: the Way of good administration as put forth by Confucius, the Way that can be explained as suggested by Laotzu, the Word (Way) in the very beginning as written in the Bible and the Way of pagans as denounced by the Buddhists. As I am growing old, I can't help being given to flights of fancy and having my own Way of creating stories. However I have come to realize the truth: my old age serves as a vast world in which I can still have my talents employed fully and developed completely.七十岁开始可以诸事不做而拿退休金，不愁没有一碗饭吃，自由自在，自得其乐。
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How to Grow Old
两种译文对照
Some old people are oppressed by the fear of death. In the young there is a justification for this feeling. Young men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in an old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do, the fear of death is somewhat abject(gloomy) and ignoble. The best way to overcome it——so at least it seems to me——is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river——small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue. And if, with the decay of vitality, weariness increases, the thought of rest will not be unwelcome. I should with to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no longer do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done.
作者简介：伯兰特.罗素(1872-1970),英国哲学家、逻辑学家。
毕业于剑桥大学三一学院，英国皇家学会会员。
第一次世界大战期间因宣传和平而被监禁。
1950年获诺贝尔文学奖。
1963年创立罗素和平基金。
在数学上提出“罗素悖论”，对20世纪数学基础产生很大的影响。
在哲学上，提出逻辑原子论即所谓“中立一元论”。
在政治上，反对侵略战争，主张和平主义。
在美国制造出氢弹并进行爆炸试验后，他成了核武器的积极反对者。
本篇是他具有代表性的演说How to Grow Old。
参考译文一：
论老之将至
有些老年人恐惧死亡。
要是年轻人这样想，那倒情有可原。
那些害怕在战争中阵亡的年轻人，想到自己被生活所欺骗，错失了生命中最美好的东西，感到苦涩理所当然。
但对于一个尝遍人生酸甜苦辣，实现一生抱负的老人来说，恐惧死亡就有点不光彩了。
战胜对死亡的恐惧的最好的方法是――至少对我而言是可行的――逐步的拓宽你的兴趣，并使其不受人际感情的影响，直到自我的围墙慢慢地坍圮，你的生命加快融入到众生之中。
一个人应当像一条河流――开始时窄而浅，静静流淌于两岸之中，然后，奔腾冲击于岩石之间，飞流直下于高崖之处。
慢慢地，河流越走越宽，河岸逐步退去，水流更显平缓，直到最后，毫无迹象地融入大海，平和地失去了独自的存在。
垂暮之人，倘能如此看待生命，也就不会不会惧怕死亡，因为他所关注的事业仍在继续。
倘若精力日衰，疲劳日增，想要进入永恒的休息也许就不会那样无法接受了。
我希望自己能在工作中死去，我知道他人会继续我未竞的事业。
想到我曾经竭尽全力地工作过，我就心满意足了。
参考译文二：老有何患田荣昌译
怕死之心于某些老者尤甚。
此种心理对于年轻人尚可理解。
惧怕战死沙场，或因岁月蹉跎，韶华不再而深感苦痛也无可非议。
而老者，人生或坎坷遭逢，或心随所愿，于死还心存恐惧实是悲戚可笑啊！克服怕死心理，于我而言，提升兴趣，学会淡定，或许渐可使自我囹圄开解，融于社会。
人生在世，如若河流：河口初始窄狭，河岸虬曲，而后狂涛击石，飞泻成瀑。
河道渐趋开阔，狭岸退去，水流潺缓，终了，一马平川，汇于大海，消逝无影。
人之老矣，
可以此喻己生命，而又后继有人，岂有怕死之理。
设若精神褪减，困顿便生，隐退之心也未尝不可。
我期冀事中逝去，唯后人承我未竟之事，且设想之事业也已完结，就可无憾而终了。