casing_Drilling
TESCO套管钻井技术
收稿日期:2005210212作者简介:马认琦(19742),陕西眉县人,男,工程师,1996年大庆石油学院矿机专业毕业,现主要从事TESCO 顶驱的现场技术服务工作。
文章编号:100123482(2006)022*******TESCO 套管钻井技术马认琦,郭巧合,赵建刚(中原油田钻井工程技术研究院顶驱技术服务部,河南濮阳457001)摘要:套管钻井技术是一种节约钻井时间,降低井下事故发生的全新的钻井工艺技术。
套管钻井用油田常用的套管来代替钻杆,钻头和井底钻具组合接在电缆底部,由套管内送到井底并固定在套管底部;由于套管始终在井内且泥浆循环不间断,保证了井眼的完整性,减少了类似井壁脱落、坍塌等发生的可能;不用起下钻,减少了油气侵带来的井涌或井喷的危险事故发生。
关键词:套管钻井;顶部驱动装置;防喷器;井涌;井喷中图分类号:TE922101 文献标识码:ATESCO casing drilling technologyMA Ren 2qi ,GUO Qiao 2he ,ZHAO Jian 2gang(Z P EB D rilling Technolog y Research I nstitute T DS S ervice De partment ,Puy ang 457001,China )Abstract :Casing drilling is a new met hod for drilling wells t hat is aimed at reducing bot h drilling time and t he incidence of unscheduled drilling event s.Wit h casing drilling ,t he well is not drilled wit h drill pipe ;in 2stead ,it is drilled wit h standard oilfield casing t hat remains in t he hole.Drill bit s and ot her downhole tools are lowered on wireline inside t he casing and latched to t he bottom joint of casing.Since t he casing remains in t he well and circulation is maintained at all times ,wellbore integrity is p reserved ,reducing t he likeli 2hood of certain problems associated wit h unscheduled event s such as sloughing formations and washout s.Since drill pipe is not being t ripped ,t he risk of swabbing oil or gas into a well causing a kick or blowout is reduced.K ey w ords :casing drilling ;top drive system ;BOP ;kick ;blowout 套管钻井是用套管来代替钻杆钻井,是一种钻进与下套管同时进行的全新的钻井工艺技术。
钻机配置单中英文对照
OD casings. All materials required for redressing of mills shall be provided by the Contractor.修复磨鞋的材料由承包商提供。
Redressing of mill shall be carried out by the Contractor at well site.对磨鞋的修复由承包商在井场进行。
(vii) Full Circle Releasing Spear: One (1) each for hand ling 5”, 5.1/2”, 7”, 9.5/8” & 13.3/8” casing. The spear should be complete with all accessories including the guide. Suitable cross-over sub for connecting the same to tubing & / or drill pipe string should be provided.全圆形可退打捞矛：对于打捞5”, 5.1/2”, 7”, 9.5/8”& 13.3/8”的套管每种尺寸各一个；打捞矛带所有所需的附件包括引鞋，并提供合适的变径接头用于连接油管或者钻杆。
e) Super Fishing Jar : Straight pull, capable of transmitting full torque in either direction, ability to deliver rapid series of blows when desired, easy closing or resetting, complete with circulation hole & cone type piston assembly of the following sizes:超级震击器：直拉式，能够全方位传递扭矩，能进行快速系列震击，易于关闭或重置，配循环孔和锥形活塞组合，配备尺寸如下：i) OD=7.3/4” and ID=3.1/16”, 6.5/8 API Reg RH top sub box connection & bottom pin connection, - One (1) No.外径=7.3/4” 和内径=3.1/16”, 6.5/8 API REG RH上体母扣&下体公扣连接，一个。
欠平衡钻、完井相关词汇
1钻井种类kinds of drilling1.1 海上钻井offshore drilling:利用固定式或移动式钻井平台在不同水深的海上进行的钻井。
1.2 沙漠钻井desert drilling:利用适合沙漠地带的地面设备在沙漠地区进行的钻井。
1.3 清水钻井water drilling:用清水作为钻井液，在非水敏性的和岩性坚固、稳定的岩层等特定条件下进行的钻井。
1.4 空气（天然气）钻井air(gas) drilling:用空气（或天然气）作为钻井流体，在一些特定岩层中进行的钻井。
1.5 泡沫钻井foam drilling:用泡沫作为钻井流体进行的钻井。
适合于低渗、低压油气层。
1.6 雾化钻井mist drilling:用水和泡沫剂的混合物注入到空气流中作为钻井液进行的钻井。
主要用在钻遇含水或含油砂岩中的流体而无法使井干燥的情况。
1.7 充气钻井液钻井aerated drilling fluid drilling:用钻井液和空气的混合物作为钻井流体进行的钻井。
主要用于有大段含水砂岩，并伴随着井漏而不能单独用空气钻井的井。
1.8 平衡压力钻井balanced pressure drilling:是指作用于井底的液柱压力等于地层孔隙压力情况下进行的钻进。
1.9 欠平衡压力钻井under-balanced drilling:是指作用于井底的液柱压力略低于地层孔隙压力情况下的钻井。
1.11液相欠平衡钻井（flow underbalanced drilling）：用液相钻井液所进行的欠平衡钻井。
1.12泥浆帽钻井madcap drilling：指环空注人重稠的流体(所谓的泥浆帽)后，关闭环空、节流阿，而轻稀钻井液通过钻具进人地层，实现边漏边钻的一种钻井方式。
1.13近平衡压力钻井near balanced drilling:是指作用于井底的液柱压力略大于地层孔隙压力情况下进行的钻井。
1.14小井眼钻井slim hole drilling:井眼直径比常规井径要小的钻井。
钻井专业词汇翻译总复习
终切力10-minuto gel strength
固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 井漏(lost circulation ) 井塌(borehole collapse ) 钻井液污染(drilling fluid contamination )
第 20 页
泥silt
井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling
涡轮钻具钻井turbine drilling 螺杆钻具钻井screw drilling
旋转钻井钻机Rotary Rig
动力系统(Power System) 旋转系统(Rotating System)
第3页
绪
提升系统(Hoisting System) 循环系统(Circulating System) 井控系统(Well Control System)
地面管汇surface pipeline 遥控面板remote control panel 压井管汇kill line 钻前准备drill preparation 钻进drilling 固井well cementation 完井well completion
第5页
绪
直井straight/vertical well
第 23 页
第五章 井眼轨道设计与轨迹控制
造斜点(kick off point) k 二维定向井Two-dimensional directional well 三维定向井Three-dimensional directional well
第 24 页
第六章 钻进参数优选
主要内容:
第一节
第二节
水力参数优选
第 22 页
第五章 井眼轨道设计与轨迹控制
贝克休斯特殊钻井工具介绍
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Competitive Advantage竞争优势
• 碳化钨(TC)和PDC切削结构的工程优化提高了划眼速度
• 用常规的PDC钻头也能很快钻穿 • 独特的凹性设计避免掉落物到井底 • 用于注水泥的安全旁通孔 • 钢结构比铝结构更可靠 • 360º 规径覆盖确保稳定性.
Downhole Penotrator Caledus BridgeBuster
EZCase™实质是在套管或者尾管底部安装 实质是在套管或者尾管底部安装 PDC钻头 钻头 EZCase™ 用于： 用于： - 在已钻井眼中划眼到井底 - 在下套管的同时，钻入新地层 在下套管的同时， EZCase™有两种操作方法： 有两种操作方法： 有两种操作方法 - 通过尾管与钻杆连接 - 通过套管与顶驱连接
16
6.000 5.750
6.125 5.875
6.500 6.250
6.750 6.500
8.500 8.250
11.000 10.750
12.250 12.000
17.500 17.250来自20.000 19.750
24.000 23.750
26.000 25.750
RWD2 RWD2 Ream While Drilling Technology Ream While Drilling Technology 随钻扩眼钻井技术 随钻扩眼钻井技术
结果： 结果： 13 3/8”套管钻进成功钻至目的层，并完成固井作业。 套管钻进成功钻至目的层， 套管钻进成功钻至目的层 并完成固井作业。 EZCase对比表现，其机械钻速优于对手50%，且进尺比对手长250m。 对比表现，其机械钻速优于对手 ，且进尺比对手长 。 对比表现
8
产品系列
钻井工程术语(简排)
用磁滞伸缩的铁芯，使发射体高频振动产生超声波，依靠磨蚀和空化作用破碎岩石的钻井方法。
火焰钻井flame drilling
用氧和柴油一起燃烧以产生高温高喷速的火焰来破碎岩石的钻井方法。
电加热钻井electric heating drilling
利用钻杆连接钻头的顿钻钻井方法。钻进时可以同时循环钻井液以清洗井底。
旋转钻井rotary drilling
采用旋转钻井设备和工具，使钻头作旋转运动，以破碎岩石形成井眼的方法。
转盘钻井rotary drilling
利用转盘带动钻柱和钻头的旋转钻井方法。
顶部驱动钻井top drive drilling
利用安装在钻柱顶部的动力装置带动钻柱旋转的钻井方法。
岩石直接拉伸试验direct rock tensile test
把岩样加工成拉伸试样，置于材料拉伸试验机上进行简单应力状态下(或称单轴拉伸状态)的拉伸试验。
岩石巴西劈裂试验rock Brazilian test
间接测量岩石抗拉伸强度的方法之一。把盘形岩样立放于试验机的工作台面和加载平板之间施加压力载荷的试验。岩盘的破裂是垂直于加载方向上的拉应力达到极限值引起的。设岩盘的半径为ro，厚度为t，岩盘破裂时的载荷为P，则岩样的抗拉伸强度为：
钻井工程部门根据钻井地质设计进行的一口井的工程设计。包括地质目的、井身结构设计、钻柱设计、钻头选择和钻井参数设计、钻井液设计、井控设计、固井设计、工程质量、安全生产、钻井进度、建井周期、设备管理，器材消耗、成本、资料要求等。
钻井工程质量drilling engineering quality
衡量钻井工程作业质量的重要指标，主要包括井身质量、固井质量、取心质量等。
casing_while_drilling
Drilling with casing: Are youdamaging your casing?The operator tested and inspected casing used in drilling South Texas wells and found no damage that prevented casing reuse, with minor repairs.R. D. Strickler, ConocoPhillips and Thomas M. Wadsworth, T H Hill AssociatesDrilling with casing provided Cono-coPhillips an effective means to reduce drilling costs in South Texas, with no ob-served reduction in the casing’s mechani-cal integrity. In addition to following traditional drilling practices – like mini-mizing dog legs – wear bands and stabi-lizers can be installed to mitigate effects of wear and fatigue when drilling with casing. Inspection of a string of 7-in. cas-ing used to drill 6,232 ft, and successful completion of 82 intervals over the last three years provide convincing evidence that neither wear nor fatigue are signifi-cant factors for casing used for drilling. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUNDConocoPhillips adopted a drilling with casing program in July 2001 to reduce drilling costs in its South Texas operations.1,2,3 While eliminating drill string tripping and reducing lost circulation and well control incidents has significantly increased drilling efficiency, use in drilling also subjects the casing to atypical wear and damage.The inability to accurately measure this damage has created a concern both within the industry and ConocoPhillips that using casing for drilling operations may compromise the mechanical integrity of the material.1,3 A reduction in mechani-cal integrity is a heightened concern throughout the life cycle of the wellbore since it can result in extensive well intervention, or well loss.When used for drilling, the casing transmits torque and bit weight through rotation of the string and mechanical compression of the bottom portion of casing. These operating conditions gen-erate two types of damage: 1) Wear: Side loads, or lateral loads, are applied to the casing due to wellbore curvature and buckling; and 2) Fatigue, which occurs when metal is subjected to cyclic loads that change the microstructure and pro-mote crack development. This is gener-ated by rotating the casing when it is bentand through buckling in the lower portionof the string.4 Fatigue cracks can occur inthe tube body, pin ends or couplings, andact as stress concentrators.Increased stress levels from eitherwear or fatigue cracks reduce the casing’scapacity to withstand internal/externalpressure, and tensile loads.The operator recognized the potentialrisks associated with wear and fatigue.Stabilizers and wear rings are routinelyused to mitigate this damage. Since thecasing is not normally tripped, however,the string cannot be inspected for wearand fatigue.In South Texas, ConocoPhillips evalu-ated this concern through two approaches.First, while drilling a Zapata County Lobowell, it had to pull and lay down the 7-in.casing after drilling from 884 ft to 7,116 ft(6,232 ft). This allowed for inspecting thecasing and collecting first-order dataregarding the wear/fatigue damage, butoffered only a single data point.stimulates its South Texas wells, whichprovides second-order data regardingdamage to the string. Data from bothapproaches are presented here.ConocoPhillips has had a sustainedmulti-rig development program in theLobo trend of South Texas since 1997.After optimizing the drilling program us-ing conventional drilling methods, it con-ducted a field trial of the patented CasingDrilling system, followed by expansion tothree Genesis rigs with 86 wells drilled todate using this technology.3 A typicalcasing and completion program for thesewells is shown in Fig. 1.The system uses a wireline retrievableBHA and a casing string, as shown in Fig.2. Recognizing the risks associated withabrasion, wear bands are crimped on thecasing below couplings on a lower por-tion of the casing string, Fig. 3. Stabiliz-ers, are also crimped on the casing aboutevery 1,000 ft to serve as keyseat wipers.Additionally, the stabilizers minimize de-flection from buckling and reduce cyclicstress that drives fatigue.INSPECTION RESULTSWhile drilling a Zapata County Lobo well, a string of 7-in. 23-lb Mav95/P-110 BTC casing was used to drill 6,232 ft of 8⅞-in hole. While this occurrence resulted in non-productive time, it allowed inspection of the 7-in. casing for wear and fatigue cracks to provide first-order data on the casing’s mechanical integrity. A total of 165 joints were sent to a storage yard for inspection. The pipe was cleaned and inspected as follows.1. Tubes. Visual Tube Inspection. Ini-tial visual inspection was performed to detect obvious mechanical damage, such as formation cuts or excessively deep slip cuts.Full Length Drift. Each joint was drifted full length using a drift mandrel to detect areas with reduced ID. The mandrel complied with API RP 5A5.Electromagnetic Inspection. An electromagnetic inspection was performed over the full length, excluding end areas. The unit was standardized using a teststandard prepared from the pipe inspectedwith OD longitudinal and transversenotches meeting API Spec 5 CT. The unitwas re-standardized as recommended inAPI RP 5A5.Gamma Ray Wall Thickness. Thetubes, excluding end areas, wereinspected for wear and reduced wallthickness using a chord-type gamma raysystem. Single-wall thickness wasmeasured, which would detect bothuniform and eccentric wear.2. Connections. Visual ConnectionInspection. Coupling and pin threadswere cleaned and visually inspected forthread form and damage, such as galling,tearing and wear. The connections wereevaluated based on serviceability, ratherthan new connection requirements, sincethey were used.Blacklight Connection Inspection.Coupling and pin ends on the bottom 30joints were inspected using this method todetect fatigue cracks. These joints wereselected as they were buckled/rotatedduring drilling. Since the focus of wasfatigue cracks generated while drilling,the inspection was performed inaccordance with Standard DS-1.5No joints were rejected for fatiguecracks or wear (wall thickness < 87.5% ofnominal wall thickness per API Spec 5CTfor new casing). The connections hadvarying amounts of galling and wear,which is expected with the connectionsbeing made up and broken out. Softwheels and flapper wheels dressed thethreads beyond the L7 area (PerfectThread Length) as specified in API Spec5B. Of the 165 joints, 117 weresuccessfully field repaired. Of theremaining 48, 20 required rethreading thecoupling end, 18 required rethreading thepin end, and 10 required rethreading bothcoupling and pin.After the inspections were completed,the 48 joints noted above were repairedand the entire string was used tosuccessfully drill 7,050 ft of 8⅞-in holeon a subsequent Lobo-area well.In addition to the inspectionsperformed on the tubulars noted above,the operator has pulled tubulars fromvarious wells for a variety of reasonsduring this program. When this hasoccurred, visual and dimensionalinspections were performed, with noindications of wear on the couplings ortubes. Modified couplings, whicheliminate need for additional wearprotection, were used on a recent wellwhile drilling in 7-in. casing. Afterdrilling 7000 ft in 117.5 hrs, the pipe waspulled and visually and dimensionallyinspected, with only minimal wearobserved.COMPLETION OPERATIONSConocoPhillips fracture stimulates allof its Lobo completions due to the lowpermeability and formation heterogeneity.High pressures and large volumesrequired in a fracture stimulation providea second-order verification of casingmechanical integrity. That is, the casing isnot directly inspected for reduced wallthickness and fatigue cracks, as wasperformed on string previously laid down,but rather pressure tests and pumpingoperations are performed, whichdemonstrate mechanical integrity. Onecan argue that successfully performingthese completion operations does notquantitatively determine the degree ofwear and fatigue; however, given that theoperator has made over 82 completionswith no failures due to wear or fatigue,indicating no wide-spread problem.When completing a Lobo well, aseries of pressure tests are performed.Before perforating, a frac stack is installedand the stack and production casing arepressure tested to 8,000 psi. The zone isthen perforated and broken down. Atypical zone requires 6,000 to 7,500 psi at5 to 10 bpm, applied to the productioncasing, providing an additional pressureintegrity test.Fig. 3. Wear band crimped on the casing immediately below the casing coupling to protect the coupling from abrasion.After break down, a data frac and frac are pumped down the production casing. In addition to internal pressure applied to the production string, the production casing by intermediate casing is pressured to 2,000 psi throughout the 1 to 3 hour pumping operation, thus pressure testing the intermediate casing above the top of cement.Again, no failures have occurred in the 82 completions made over the last 3 year period, which implies limited wear and fatigue damage to the casing.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe authors would like to thank ConocoPhillips for its permission to publish this information, and Tesco Corp. and GrantPrideco for the use of their graphics.LITERATURE CITED1 Tessari, R. M. (Bob) and G. Madell, “Casing Drilling—A Revolutionary Approach to Reducing Well Costs”, Paper SPE/IADC 52789, Presented at the 1999 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference, Amsterdam, March 9-11,1999.2 Shepard, S.F., R.H. Reiley, and T.M. Warren,“Casing Drilling: An Emerging Technology”,Paper SPE/IADC 76640, revised for publicationfrom paper SPE/IADC 67731, Presented at the2001 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference, Amsterdam,February 27-March 1, 2001.3 Fontenot, K., et al., “Casing Drilling Expands inSouth Texas”, Paper SPE/IADC 79862, Presentedat the 2003 SPE/IADC Drilling Conference,Amsterdam, February 19-21, 2003.4 Warren, T.M., P. Angman, and B. Houtchens,“Casing Drilling Application DesignConsiderations”, Paper SPE/IADC 59179,Presented at the 2000 SPE/IADC Conference,New Orleans, Louisiana, February 23-25, 2000.THE AUTHORSR.D. (Bob) Strickler, staff drillingengineer for the South Texas BU,ConocoPhillips, earned a degree inpetroleum engineering technology in1978. He joined Conoco in 1988 andhas 26 years experience planning,supervising and managing, production/drilling operations in offshore, shallowwater and land areas, in domestic andinternational locations. He is presentlyinvolved in planning and operations forthe drilling with casing program.Thomas M. (Tom) Wadsworth,President of T H Hill Associates, Inc.,which provides engineering, qualityassurance, training and software to thedrilling sector, earned his BS inmechanical engineering from TexasA&M University in 1973, and is aregistered professional engineer. Priorto joining T H Hill in 2000, he heldvarious management and technicalpositions including division managerwith Fina Oil and Chemical Co.,drilling manager with two independentsand senior supervisor with Exxon Co.USA.。
威德福套管钻井技术
CNOOC – World Record Run
套管锚组合 Casing Spear Running Tool
Casing Drilling Spear Assembly usiing tools from inventory Spacer Sub H-E Spear Grapple with Extended Stop Ring Left Hand Release and Bi-Directional Slips
下入参数Running Parameters WOB 2-10 klbs RPM 50 - 120 Torque 2 kftlb Flow 800 gpm
(up to 8 kftlb if stringers present)
注释Comments 用PDC钻头钻穿，用时15分，钻头五损伤 Drilled-out with PDC Bit in 15 mins - No Damage to Bit.
世界记录的套管钻井 World Record Casing Drilling Run
.
• 中海油天津分公司CNOOC China (Tianjin Branch). • 2002年1月January 2002. DS2 13 3/8” x 17”. • 井号Well LD9-3-1. • 钻机 Rig Bohai 4. • 在15-1/2“小时内钻进507米Drilled in 507 mts casing in 15 ½” hours.
钻井鞋作业记录DRILLSHOE CASE HISTORY
- Gulf of Thailand • 套管Casing String 9-5/8” Surface Casing • 钻进长度Distance Drilled 780 ft • 总/井下时间Total / On-Bottom 5.0 / 1.5 hrs • 平均钻速Average ROP 520 ft/hr
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Valhall Field
Mobil Indonesia / North Sumatra- Arun Field
Depleted Gas Reservoir
• Top of Reservoir ca. 2900 - 3200 m • Shale 14,7 ppg, Limestone 2.5 ppg 7” Tools: Reentry Application • Section Milling • Whipstock • Perforate & Squeeze or no Cementing
• • • • Unsaturated / In-Situ (Long- DOE Yucca Mtn.) Depleted Reservoir Sections (Sinor, Vogt) Unstable Formations / Ocean Drilling (O.D.P.) Well Cost Reduction (Tessari , Warren)
DL_Movie.exe
Liner Example: Well 2/8-A-2A
Drilling Challenges
Why Casing Drilling? • Getting Casing / Liner to Total Depth • Running Casing / Liner into Depleted Pay with Weak Matrix Strength • Minimizing Flat Time • Extending the Length of Open Wellbores • Mitigating Shallow Gas / Water Hazards • Rubble Zones Above / Below Salt Domes
Liner Drilling Successes
North Sea- Valhall • 10 Wells Drilled Rotating the Liner • 7 Wells Drilled with a Drill-in Liner • Liner Sizes of 5”, 7”, 7-5/8” and 9-5/8” • Liner Lengths up to 4,472’ / Inclination up to 67° • Successful Drilling into Severely Depleted Pay (∆ 7 ppge • Significant Well Cost Savings (~$2MM/well) Offshore Indonesia- Arun Field • 9 Wells Drilled with a Drill-in Liner • Liner Sizes of 7” and 9-5/8” • Liner Lengths up to 6,872’ / Inclination up to 67°
Rotary Method
• • • • • • • • • Drillable PDC Bit Shoe Float Collar Landing Collar Packer- optional Liner Liner Hanger / PBR Packer Rotating Liner Hanger Running Tool HWDP Drillpipe to surface
Casing Drilling History
Casing Drilling Isn’t New….. • Mid 20’s- Retractable Bits in Poland/France (Gelfgat) • Mid 70’s- Retractable Bits in Siberia (Gelfgat) • Early 80’s- California Heavy Oil Sands • Mid 80’s- West Texas Infill Drilling (Weaver) • Late 80’s - High Speed Coring/Drilling (Millheim ) • 90’s
DIRECTION OF CIRCULATION ROTATING HEAD DIVERTER LINE BOP DRILL PIPE
ONE STEP Completion System • Drill and Underream Liner • Gravel Pack Liner • Release Liner • All Steps Completed in One Trip Procedure • Run Liner to Casing Shoe • Establish Foam Rate and Pressure • Establish Shoulder for Underreaming • Begin Foam Drilling • Take Returns Through Diverter Line
Drill-in Method
• • • • • • • • PDC or Rollercone Pilot Underreamer- optional Core Shoe Mud Motor Drill Collars Thruster / Bumper Sub Liner Hanger Running Tool Drillpipe to surface
DRILL IN NIPPLE
LINER CASING
CASING SHOE UNDERREAMER
BIT PILOT HOLE
DIRECTION OF CIRCULATION ROTATING HEAD DIVERTER LINE BOP DRILL PIPE
• At TD, Circulate Foam Until Clean • Switch Returns to Casing Valve • Close Hydril • Drop Ball Down Drillpipe, Opening Gravel Pack Valve Inside Liner • Foam Down Drillpipe, Out Through Liner Slots and Casing Valve
CASING VALVE
CASING
CASING SHOE
SLOTTED LINER GRAVEL PACK VALVE UNDEREAMER
BIT
DIRECTION OF CIRCULATION ROTATING HEAD
Begin Gravel Packing • Reverse Foam Down Casing, Liner Slots and Gravel Pack Valve • Begin Adding Gravel to Foam • Continue at Slow Rate Until Liner Has Packed Off • Bleed Off Pressure, Drop Release Ball • Circulate to Remove Sand from Liner Top • Pull Tools and Tailpipe Out of the Hole
Liner Drilling Procedure
Step 1:
Drill above problem zone
Step 2:
Drill Liner into zone Rotary or Motor Method
Step 3:
Isolate Casing Cement / Packers
Drill-in Liner Procedure
Liner Hanger Packer Running Tool Thruster Motor
Drill Pipe to Surface
Rotating Core Shoe / Pilot Bit
Drill Pipe (inner string)
Landing Sub
Standard Lower BHA
Depleted Pay With Weak Matrix Strength
North Sea Valhall Challenges: High porosity / low matrix permeability Result: weak matrix reservoir Production Challenges • Solids production • Reservoir compaction • Subsidence Drilling Challenges • Reservoir compaction (9 ft) • Reservoir depletion (up to 8 ppge) • Lista shale (overburden) fracturing
Getting Casing / Liner to Total Depth Bestline Liner Systems Liner Drilling in Heavy Oil Application
Evolutionary Process…… • Bridges While TIH With Liner • Drilling Liner to Remove Obstacles • Drilling Liner Underbalanced • Drilling Liner and Gravel Packing Successes • 2000 Liner Drilling Completions Since 1981 • 260+ in 1998, 100+ in 2000 • Three Sizes •8-1/2” bit (or 7”x15” UR) with 7” liner for 9-5/8” casing •7-7/8” bit (or 7”x15” UR) with 6-5/8” liner for 8-5/8” casing •Same for 5-1/2” liner for 8-5/8” casing •6-1/8” bit (or 6”x13” UR) with 5-1/2” liner for 7” casing • Texaco, Chevron, Aera Energy LLC + independents • INCREASED PRODUCTION