初一英语上册各单元语法的知识点

初一英语上册各单元语法的知识点
初一英语上册各单元语法的知识点

初一英语上册各单元知识点总结

Unit 1 My name’s Gina

【语法看点】

语法探究一:常见的打招呼的问候语

人际交往中,最常用的语言是打招呼的问候用语。在不同的

国家里,打招呼和问候的方式是不同的。中国人喜欢用“吃了吗?”“你干什么去?”作为打招呼的开场白,而在欧美国家的人

们是怎样打招呼或问候呢?

1.熟人打招呼:

—Hello! /Hi!

—Hello! /Hi!

2.不同时段的问候:

—Good morning/afternoon/evening/night! (Morning!/Afternoon!/Evening!)

—Good morning!/afternoon!/evening!

3.熟人间关心的问好:

—How are you?

—Fine. thank you. And you?(I'm fine,thank you./I'm OK.

/Not bad.)

4.晚上睡觉前的告别语:

—Good night!晚安!

—Good night!晚安!

语法探究二:打电话用语

我们经常打电话,但你知道怎样用英语给别人打电话吗?

1.This is...(speaking).我是……

2.Who is that? 你是准?或Is that...(speaking)? 你是……吗?

3.May I speak to...,please? 我可以跟…说话吗?

4.He's in (out).他在家(不在家)。

5.Can I take a message for you? 我可以为你捎信吗?

6.Can I leave a message? 我可以留个信儿吗?

7.Hold on,please.稍等。

Unit 2 This is my sister

【语法看点】

语法探究一:介绍和自我介绍

“介绍和自我介绍”是新课程标准中的话题之一。学会向外人介绍自己的家人是中学生日常用语常用的语言,也是中考中交际英

语常考的内容。下面就简单介绍一下。

(l)This is my,..这是我的……

(2)That's my...那是我的……

(3) Is this /that your...? 这/那是你的……吗?

(4) These/ Those are... 这些/那些是……

(5) —Who is she/he?她/他是谁?—She/He is my...她/他是我的…

(6)—Who are they?他们是谁?—They are...他们是……

语法探究二:人称代词和指示代词

1.人称代词

(1)概念:英语中代替具体的人或物的词叫人称代词,有第一、

二、三人称及单复数、性别之分。

(2)用法:指代上文提到的不同人称的人或物。如:Peter is a good boy. He is twelve.

(3) be动词根据人称代词和数的变化而变化。如:I'm Linda.He is Jim.

2.指示代词

(1)指示代词是指代前面的名词的词。常见的有this,that,these,those等。

(2)用法:指示代词可以在句中作主语,宾语和定语。如:This is a pencil.

That boy is my new friend.

? 提醒:this,these指代近处的人或事物;that,those指代远处的人或事物。

Unit 3 Is this your pencil?

【语法看点】人称代词和物主代词

语法探究一:人称代词

(1)概念:表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:

人称单数复数

主格宾格主格宾格

第一人称 I me we us

第二人称 you you you you

第三人称 he him they them

she her

it it

(2)用法:人称代词主格作主语 I am a teacher. You are a student.

(3)人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Let's go.

语法探究二:物主代词

(l)概念:表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种,其人称和数的变化见下表。

数单数复数

人称类别第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称

形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their

名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他/她/它们的

名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。其后不必加名词。如:

Is this your book? No,it isn't. It's hers(her book).

Unit 4 Where’s my schoolbag?

【语法看点】

语法探究名词变复数小结

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词单数变复数形式的部分规则如下:

(1) 一般名词词尾加s。如:pen→pens

(2) 以o结尾的名词一般直接加~s。如:radio→radios,photo → photos

但有的以o结尾的有生命的名词要加~es。如:tomato→ tomatoes

(3) 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词变为复数时要加~es。

如:bus→buses, box→boxes, watch→watches

(4) 以“辅音字母加y”结尾的名词变y为i加~es。女口:

dictionary→dictionaries

(5) 以“元音字母加y”结尾的直接加~s,如:boy→ boys,key→ keys

(6) 以f或fe结尾的名词,一般情况下将f、fe变为v,再加~es。

如:leaf→ leaves, wife→wives

Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?

【语法看点】

语法探究:一般现在时

1.定义

表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作或状态;还用于个人的情况介绍。

2.用法

(1)谓语动词为be。

①变否定句时,在am,is,are的后面加________即可;

②变一般疑问句则要把________、________或________提前。同时,把句号变成问号;

③变特殊疑问句:用特殊疑问词替换画线部分,放在句首,

同时把剩余的部分变成一般疑问句放在特殊疑问词的后面。

(2)谓语动词是实义动词。

①变否定句时,需要增加助动词________或________.当

主语是第一人称I,we,第二人称you或第三人称复数时,助

动词do变为________;当主语是第三人称单数时,助动词does变为________,同时,后面跟动词原形。

②变一般疑问句时,也要增加助动词放在句首,原来的动词

变为动词原形。

③变特殊疑问句时,用特殊疑问词替换划线部分,置于句首,后面加—般疑问句。

Unit 6 Do you like bananas?

语法探究:名词

★分类:英语中的普通名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

★可数名词复数的规则变化

l) 一般情况,在名词词尾加____,如:apple→____________;book→____________ 。

2) 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加____,如:glass→

________ ,box→ ________ 。

3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为_____ 加_______ ,如cities,babies,enemies。

4) 以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f或fe为v加es,如:

wife→wives,leaf→leaves。

但有些词只加s,如:roofs,proofs,chiefs。

5)以o结尾的名词,多数加es,但一些外来词或词尾为两个

元音字母的词加s。

如:tomato→________,zoo→zoos,photo→________。

6)不规则名词变化:foot→feet,tooth→teeth, child→children, man→men,

woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer,

mouse→mice。

★名词变复数的读音:(口诀:清清浊浊元浊)

1) 清辅音后读/s/,如:map→maps

浊辅音和元音后读/ z /,如:bag→bags,car→cars

2) 以s,sh,ch,x等结尾加es读/ iz /,如:bus→buses, watch→watches

以ce,se,ze等结尾加s读/iz/,如:license→licenses,

以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es读/z/,如:baby→babies Unit 7 How much are there socks ?

语法探究:购物

“购物”是初中新课程标准中规定的话题之一,也是中考常考的内容。所以,学会“购物用语”对于我们学习英语非常重要。常用的购物用语有:

(1) Can I help you?= What can I do for you? 我能为您做些什么?

(2) What color do you want? 您要什么颜色的?

(3) What sizes do you have/want? 您有/想要多大尺寸的?

(4) 一How much is it? 一It's…dollars/ yuan.这个多少钱?……美元/元。

(5) 一How much are they? 一They're... Dollars. 他们多少钱?他们……美元。

(6) What/How about…?……怎么样?

(7) It's too expensive. 太贵了。

(8) It's cheap.很便宜。

(9) It/They look(s) nice. I'll take it/them. 看起来不错,我买了。

(10) Thanks a lot.非常感谢。

(11) You're welcome.不客气。

(12) Here you are.给你。

Unit 8 When is your birthday?

【语法看点】

语法探究一:生日话题

“询问生日”是日常生活中常用到的话题,也是中考常考的内容。所以,学会“询问生日…

对于我们学习英语非常重要。常用的询问生日用语有:

—When is your birthday? 一It's…

语法探究二:介词on,in,at的用法

与时间名词连用时介词on,in,at的用法:

at : 表示在某一时刻。如: at six(o'clock)在六点钟,at half

past rune在九点半,

at three forty-five在三点四十五分

in : 表示在某一段时间内,可能很长,也可能很短。如:in

five minutes在五分钟以内,

In summer在夏天,in May,1965在一九六五年五月

on : 表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上。

如:on September 10在九月十日,on Friday morning在星期五上午,

on a cold winter morning 在一个寒冷的冬天的早晨

注意:1.in也常常与morning,afternoon,evening这三个词

构成固定搭配,表示在‘‘上午、

下午、晚上”,这时名词前用定冠词the,且不要修饰语。如:in the morning在早晨;

in the afternoon在下午;in the evening在晚上。

2.at也可用于一些固定搭配中,如:at noon,at night, at the weekend, at weekends等。

3.在以this,that,tomorrow,next,yesterday, every,last,today等开头的时间前二般不

加介词。如:last autumn去年秋天;this evening今天晚上;next Friday下周五

Unit 9 My favorite subject is science

【语法看点】

话题探究

“学校生活和兴趣爱好”是初中新课程标准中规定的话题之一,也是日常生活常谈论

的内容。常用的句型有:

(1) —What's your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的科目是什么?

—My favorite subject is English. 我最喜欢的科目是英语。(2) —Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它?

—Because it's interesting. 因为它有趣。

(3) —Who is your English teacher? 你的英语老师是谁?

—Ms Zhang.张老师。

(4) —When is your English class? 什么时候上英语课?

—It's on Monday and Wednesday. 周一和周三。

赠送以下资料

英语万能作文(模板型)

Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....

随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是____________。

As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.

然而,对于此类问题,人们持不同的看法。(Hold different

attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)

As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....

随着社会的发展,人们开始关注............

People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting

求职的过程中,人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。

As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.

关于是否值得___________的问题,一直以来争论不休。当然,不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。

In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.

在都市的发展中,我们往往会陷入困境。

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....

最近,这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注,有人开始担心

______________。

The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.

人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段,经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快,随之给我们带来了很多问题。

...... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?"

_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题,这是无可厚非的。不过,问题是:"我们该如何抉择?"

Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges,

现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。

People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.

不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.

这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。

When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...

说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为

__________。

Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.

俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。

To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.

对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。

There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...

万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。

When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....

提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.

When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...

提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认为_________。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of .... There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,but people who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...

目前,____问题争议较大。批判_____的人认为_____,他们认为_____,不过,另一方面,赞同_____的人则认为_______。

Some people are of the opinion that.. 有些人认为_________。

Many people claim that... 很多人认为_________。

A majority of 绝大多数

A large number of 很多人

Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)

有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。

Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the cities.

觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展。

Some people advocate that ....

有些人在坚持认为_________。

They hold that ... 他们认为_________。

People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)

坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。

Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it. 那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。

Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.

强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。

Many people would claim that... 有人会认为___________。

People who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.

那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________。

But others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为

_______。

观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,set forth, put forward等。

But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.

不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。

But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...

不过,另一方面,________的人认为__________。

However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.

然而,很多人对此有不同的看法。

问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等。

However, some others argue that... 然而,另一些人则认为

____。

However, there are also some others who contend that...

然而,也有人认为__________。

But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.

不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。

Some people examine this issue from another angle.

有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。

On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...

另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________。

According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than...

根据我的个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择__________。

Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion...

就我个人而言,我支持后者(前者)___________。

Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.

就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法。

To my point of view 我认为

To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the

drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)

我认为,优点胜过缺点。

For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..

就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点________________。

As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.

在我看来,我较同意后一种观点。

After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...

经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即___________。

If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...

如果真的需要作出选择,我宁愿____________。

展现问题篇

问题的常用词:question, problem, issue

Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.

近来,_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。

Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people’s attitude towards some traditional practice.

现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代,很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。

Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.

近来,是否____的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。

The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.

______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。

At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Both sides have their merits.

目前,一些人认为_____而另一些人则认为_____。其实,两种观点都其可取之处。

People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.

对于这种极具争议的话题,我们很难作出绝对的回答。People from different backgrounds would put different

interpretations on the same case.

不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.

这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。

When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...

说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为

__________。

Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.

俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。

To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.

对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。

There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...

万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。

When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....

提到____问题,很多人认为____,不过,一些人则认为____是____.

When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...提到___问题,仅少数人认为___,但另一些人则认为____.

初一英语知识点(上册)

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初一英语语法及主要知 识点归纳总结 Pleasure Group Office【T985AB-B866SYT-B182C-BS682T-STT18】

初一英语知识点归纳总结 分类:英语学习 Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from 一.短语: 1 .be from = come from 来自于---- 2. live in 居住在--- 3. on weekends 在周末 4 .write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信;写信给某人 5 .in the world 在世界上 in China 在中国 6.pen pal 笔友 14 years old 14岁 favorite subject 最喜欢的科目 7.the United States 美国 the United Kingdom 英国 New York 纽约 8.speak English 讲英语 like and dislike 爱憎 9.go to the movies 去看电影 play sports 做运动 二.重点句式: 1 Where’s your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from/ 2 Where does he live 3 What language(s) does he speak 4 I want a pen pal in China. 5 I can speak English and a little French. 6 Please write and tell me about yourself. 7 Can you write to me soon 8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports. 三.本单元的国家,人民、语言对应。 1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French 2 France------ French------French 3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese 4 Australia----Australian----- English 5 the United States------ American---- English 6 the United Kingdom---British----- Enghish Unit 2 Where’s the post office 一. Asking ways: (问路) 1.Where is (the nearest) …… (最近的)……在哪里 2.Can you tell me the way to …… 你能告诉我去……的路吗 3.How can I get to …… 我怎样到达……呢 4.Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood 附近有……吗 5.Which is the way to …… 哪条是去……的路 二.Showing the ways: (指路) 1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走。 2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转。 3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它。 4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远。 5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去。(You’d better+动词原形)

初一英语上册知识点汇总

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全力满足教学需求,真实规划教学环节 最新全面教学资源,打造完美教学模式 初中英语知识点总结之一 (初一英语上册) Hello 的用法: Hello 的意思为“您好”,一般可作为熟人,亲朋好友之间的打招呼用语,语气比较随便,例如: Hello,Li Hua!你好,李华。 Hello,Tom!你好,汤姆! Hello 也可以用以引起某人注意,常用在打电话时或者在路上碰见熟人时,相当于中文中的“喂”,有时也可用Hi 来代替hello ,但前者显得更随便。

What's your name?的用法: 当两人初次见面互相询问姓名时,可用"What's your name?"来提问,回答时,可用"My name is …."来回答,接着反问对方时,可用"And what's your name?"来提问。例如: Hi!What's your name? Hi!My name is Lucy.And what's your name? My name is Wang Ying. 你好,你叫什么名字? 你好,我叫露西。你叫什么名字? 我叫王英。 句中的"What's"是"What is"的缩写形式。

Good morning,class (teacher).的用法: Good morning,class.同学们好。 Good morning,teacher.老师好。 这是上午上课时,老师和全班同学互相问候时用语。Good morning 是上午问候时的用语,多用于熟人,朋友或家人之间,是比较正式的问候用语。句中问候语放在前面,称呼语则要放在后面,并用逗号隔开。例如: Good morning.Mr.White.怀特先生,你好。 英语字母: 英语中有26个字母,每一字母有大写形式和小写形式两种。大小写形式如下: A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I I J j K k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R r

初一英语语法大全知识点

人教版七年级(上册)英语知识点 第一块国际音标 国际音标是一种工具,其作用是标记英语字母和单词的读音。 1、20个元音 单元音: /i:/Ee、/з:/her /u:/do /I/it /?/about /u/book /ɑ:/are //or /?/any //us //off /e/at 双元音: //Ii //out //ear //Aa,//Oo //air //boy //sure 2、28辅音: 成对的清浊辅音: /p/map /t/it /k/book /f/off /θ/math /s/yes /b/club /d/dad /g/big /v/have /e/this /z/zoo //fish //watch /tr/tree /ts/its //usually //orange /dr/dress /dz/beds 其他辅音: /m/am /n/and //English /l/like /h/hello /r/red /w/what /j/yes 3、国际音标拼读规则: 辅见元,碰一碰。/l/在前,发本音;音节后面卷下舌。 /p/、/t/、/k/、/tr /清辅音,/s/后读成浊辅音。 本块词汇: speak说讲start开始school学校 s trict严格的out外面club俱乐部usually通常 dress化妆about关于大约us我们her她的ear耳朵English英语sure当然可以air空气or或者any一些boy男孩orange橙子,桔子map地图tree树math数学 off离开watch观看手表do做 like喜欢 beds床what什么hello喂是的red红色的yes是的 book书its它的 zoo动物园fish鱼dad爸爸big大的have有this这it它 Starter unit1-3 一、文化常识 1、英语文化区域,熟人之间见面,常要互相问好。早上用语Good morning ! 下午用语Good afternoon ! 晚上用语Good evening ! 例如:

新版人教版七年级英语上下册各单元知识点总结-精编

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10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如:oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分:英语句子成分分为七种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如:I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如:Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如:My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 如:He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如:He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如:He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如: Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)

初一英语上册知识点归纳总结

初一英语上册知识点归纳总结

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