高考英语语法填空非谓语动词真题详解

语法填空中对非谓语动词的考查

实例剖析

[例1]…the proverb, “plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”, is based on the following story. (2008年广东)

思路分析：因句中已有谓语is based，而“plucking up a crop 32 (help) it grow”是the proverb的同位语，是一个名词短语而非同位语从句，因此，help应是谓语动词；“帮助禾苗长”是“将禾苗拨起来”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填to help

[例2]While she was getting me ___34___ (settle) into a tiny but clean room…(2007年广东)

思路分析：因句中已有谓语was getting，所以settle应是非谓语动词；又由settle sb. into/in/on…(使某人舒服地处于某处)可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词用宾补，故填settled。

考点突破

一、单句填空：用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. ___walking_________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. (全国)

2. Eugene's never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use __arguing________(argue) with him. (上海)

3. Please remain __seated_______(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon. (辽宁)

remain在这里是一个系动词,后面要接形容词做表语,CD明显不对,可以排除,AB都是分词形式,可以充当形容词,但是主语是人,和seat应该是被动关系,所以用过去分词而不用现在分词.Please remain seated .请坐着不要动。Be seated请坐着不要动

4. — Can I smoke here?

—Sorry. We don’t allow ___smoking________(smoke) here. (江苏)

Sb allow sb to do sth 某人允许某人做某事

Sb allow doing sth某人被允许做某事

5.It is difficult to imagine his __accepting_____(accept) the decision without any consideration. (陕西)

imagine one‘s doing sth 固定搭配

6.I can’t stand _working________(work) with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ___to stop_____(stop) talking while she works. (北京)

stand(sb.)doing,“忍受(某人)做什么”;refuse to do“拒绝做

7.As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _repairing____________ (repair). (陕西)

Need(需要) 的用法

1.Need作为实义动词

有人称、数和时态的变化（在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词）

（1)当主语是人时，后可接名词和动词不定式，

即：need sth./ need to do sth.

Eg: He needs some help.

It's cold outside. You need to wear more clothes.

Need后跟不定式且用于否定句中时，表示“不必”，指没义务或没必要做某事。

Eg: You don't need to do it at once.你不必马上做那件事情。

（2)当主语为物时，后接名词或v-ing.

Eg: The flowers need water. 这些花需要水。

The flowers need watering.这些花需要浇水。

2.need作为情态动词

（注：情态动词不能独立作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语，即need作为情态动词时，后面必须跟动词原形）

无人称、数和时态的变化，常用于否定句和疑问句中。

Eg: You needn't go this week.这周你不必去。

由need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，

否定回答一般用needn't。

Eg: -------Need I come?

-------Yes, you must./ No, you needn't

注：由must引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答一般用must，

否定回答一般用needn't或 don't have to

Eg: --------- Must I go now?

-------- Yes, you must.

No, you needn't/don't have to.

8.Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _living_______ (live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home. (湖南)

try这个词后面可以接doing和to do,但是表达的含义不同.Doing表示试着去做,但不管是否成功,to do 表示尝试去做,强调结果.

9. — Robert is indeed a wise man.

—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted __not taking______(not take) his advice! (安徽)

10.If you think that treating a woman well means always _getting___ (get) her permission for things, think again. (湖南)

Mean doing sth意味着做某事，

11.At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ___being opened and closed_______(open and close) could be heard outside the classroom. (全国) being opened and closed是正在被开或关的意思

12. —They are quiet, aren’t they?

—Yes. They are accustomed to _not talking______ (not talk) at meals. (江苏)

be accustomed to doing sth.习惯做某事（请注意：to 为介词,并非不定式的标志,即后面加动词原形）

13.Isn't it time you got down to ________(mark) the papers? (重庆)

get down to doing sth．是固定搭配，“开始做某事”；to为介词，后面接动名词或名词，

14.Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _setting_______ (set) up some schools for poor children. (上海)

学生可能会抓住“he had to”而选择A，因为他们对had to do something的结构太熟悉了。其实，句中had to与set up并不构成搭配，因为he had为定语从句修饰先行词all, setup与devote all…to构成搭配，即devote all to setting up(to为介词)，

15. She looks forward every spring to __walking______ (walk) in the flower-lined garden. (上海)

16. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ___passing_____ (pass) the exam. (福建)

Have a hard time /difficulty/trouble ….(in)doing sth.做某事有艰难、困难或有麻烦.

17.According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week __watching___ (watch) TV. (上海)

spend some time (in) doing sth.,中间出现了up to（达到）,增加了选择的难度.

18. I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing from __happening_____ (happen) again. (全国)

19. Did you have trouble in__finding______ (find) the post office? (全国)

20. Sandy could do nothing but ___admit___ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong. (上海)

介词后接动词通常应是动名词.但是介词but（except 也一样）却比较特殊,其后接动词时,可以接不定式,并且这个不定式可以带to 也可以不带to：

1．当其前的谓语含有实义动词do（可以是各种形式）时,其后的不定式通常不带to：

She will do anything but play chess．她除了下棋外什么都愿干.

He did nothing all day except watch TV．他一整天除了看电视什么也没做.

2．当其前的谓语没有某种形式的实义动词do 时,其后的不定式通常要带to：

They had no choice but to obey．他们别无选择只有服从.

He wanted nothing but to stay here．他除了想呆在这里外,其它什么也不想.

3．当其前含有实义动词do 但不是用作谓语时,其后的不定式带不带to 均可,但以不带to 为多见：

There's nothing to do but（to）leave．只好离开.

There was nothing to do but（to）wait．除了等没有其它的办法.

4．在cannot（help）but 后习惯上接不带to 的不定式：

I cannot（help）but admire his courage．我不得不佩服他的勇气

21. I smell something _burning_______ (burn) in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (全国)

something应该正在烧，而且something与burn之间是主谓关系，即是其自己烧了起来，所以要用现在分词

22.Don’t leave the water __running______ (run) while you brush your teeth. (天津)

leave the water running指的是让水一直流，表状态。水和run之间是主动关系。

23. It was so cold that they kept the fire ____burning_______ (burn) all night. (全国)

24. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____carried_________ (carry) out the next year. (全国)

25. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English __spoken_________ (speak) as much as we can. (江苏)

26. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them __interested__________(interest) in his lectures. (江苏)`

27. Energy drinks are not allowed __making______(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand. (上海)

28. My advisor encouraged me _to take_______(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京)

encourage sb．to do sth．是固定短语,意为“鼓励某人做某事”,不定式在句中作宾补.

29.My parents have always made me __feel______(feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve. (江苏)

Make sb do make sth done make sb．done使某人被 sb be made to do sth

have sb do 让某人干某事have sth done have sb．done使某人被

let sb do let sth done let sb．done使某人被

get sb to do 使某人干某事 get sth done get sb done 使某人被

leave sb to do sth 让某人干某事 leave sth done

ask sb to do 使某人干某事

30.They knew her very well. They had seen her ____grow____ (grow) up from childhood. (全国)

see sb do sth 看见某人做某事 see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事

31.The mother felt herself __grow______ (grow) cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield. (上海)

feel 作为感官动词,表示“感觉”,后接动词不定式的复合结构作宾语时,不定时不能带“to” ,即省略to,直接加动词原形

32. Paul doesn’t have to be made ___to learn_____ (learn). He always works hard. (全国)

33. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

—Sorry. With so much work ____filling____ (fill) my mind, I almost break down. (福建)

34. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___finished_________ (finish), he gladly accepted it. (安徽)

35. With a lot of difficult problems __to settle______ (set), the newly-elected president is having a hard time. (上海)

这是一个with复合结构.动词不定式to settle做定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在被解决的难题.所提供的语境the newly-elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题,所以要用to settle作定语.这句话的意思是“有很多难题要解决,新任总统的日子不好过.”

36. The director had her assistant __pick____(pick) up some hot dogs for the meeting. (全国)

37. — Did Peter fix the computer himself?

—He had it __fixed______(f ix), because he doesn’t know much about computers. (安徽)

38. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English __improved______ (improve) in a short period. (福建)

39. Helen had to shout to make herself __heard______ (hear) above the sound of the music. (广西)

40. Peter received a letter just now __saying______(say) his grandma would come

to see him soon. (四川)

40. Peter received a letter just now ________(say) his grandma would come to see him soon. (四川)

41. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ___moving_____ (move), and asked myself what I was going to do. (湖南)

42. _____walking______(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. (安徽)

43. ______waiting________ (wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. (福建)

44. _____blamed_____ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (福建)

45. He hurried to the booking office only _to be told____________ (tell) that all the tickets had been sold out. (陕西)

only和不定式连用常构成结果状语，表示与预料相反的结果，意思是“竟然……、结果……”。

46. European football is played in 80 countries, __making__________ (make) it the most popular sport in the world. (全国)

47. You were silly not ____to have locked____________(lock) your car. (湖南) It's / Sb. is + adj. + to do sth. 该句用不定式的完成时态是因为动作已经完成。

48.I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____to breathe_______(breathe). (宁夏)

be+adj+to do 是不定式的一个固定用法.比如说,这个工具很好使,你得说：the tool is easy to use.而不是：the tool is easy to be used 或者 the tool is easy using.这里的to do可以表达被动的意思,因为是工具被使用,空气被吸入,也就是所谓的主动形式表达被动意义.

49. ____to complete_________ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day. (湖南)

50. When ___asked_____ (ask) why he went there, he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight. (江西)

51. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ___watered____(water) every day. (四川)

52. When __compared___________(compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (浙江)

53. —The last one ___to arrive________(arrive) pays the meal.

—Agree! (全国)

固定用法，the last one to do sth,

不光是Last，其他序数词都用To Do~

比如 I am the first to come to school

再比如；he is the third to finish the work

54. The trees __blown_______(blow) in the storm have been moved off the road.

(湖南)

55. Can those ___seated______ (seat) at the back of the classroom hear me? (福

建)

56. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures

__formed______ (form) in your mind instead of before your eyes. (广西)

57. —It’s a long time since I saw my sister. (全国)

—Why not __visit______(visit) her this weekend?

祈使句不加to 动词为原型

所以这句话要么是 Why not visit her this weekend 就是Why don't you visit her this weekend

58._________ (search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you

will learn a lot about firefighting. (湖南)

考查非谓语动词与并列句的区别与选择根据and这个特色词可知这是一个很典型的并列句，所以形成并列句的两个简单句的谓语动词必须是独立的，不能用非谓语动词，然后根据题意，前半句需要用到一个祈使句，“祈使句+and+句子（将来时）”表示“当你……，你会……”，题干含义是：当你浏览你们城市消防部门的网站时，你会学到很多关于消防的知识。

59.The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons

__finished_____(finish) for the day. (重庆)

独立主格结构，

60. ________ (give) the general state of health, it may take him a while to recover

from the operation. (北京)

given通常被看作过去分词，但它还可用作介词，意为“考虑到……，假定是”。如：Given his support,

I think we'll win the election.“如果获得他的支持，我想我们会赢得这次选举。”Given their

in experience, they've done a good job. “考虑到没有经验，他们做得还算不错。”

二、语篇填空用所给动词的适当形式填空。

Freud was one of the first scientists [1]_______（make）serious research

of the mind. The mind is the collection of activities [2]________（base） in

the brain that involve how we act, think, feel and reason.

He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams [3]___________（search） for the causes of mental and emotional problems. He also tried hypnosis.

He wanted to see if [4]________（put）patients into a sleep-like condition would

help ease [5]________（trouble） minds. In most cases he found the effects only temporary.

Freud worked hard, although what he did might sound easy. His method involved

[6]________ (sit) with his patients and [7]________（listen）to them talk. He

had them [8]________（talk）about whatever they were thinking. All ideas, thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to [9]___________（express）. There could be no[10]________（hold）back because of fear or guilt.

1,to make 2, based 3, to search 4, putting 5, troubled 6, sitting 7, listening 8, talk 9, be expressed 10. holding

语法填空中对时态语态的考查

实例剖析

例1：This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention. (2008广东)

分析：因句中Being too anxious to help an event develop是动名词短语作主语，括号中的result应当为谓语动词；主语与谓语动词是主动关系，再说短语动词result in 本身是不能用于被动语态的，故用主动语态；根据语境，这段话是拔苗助长这个成语故事所说明的道理，“我们必须让事物沿着它们的自然进程发展。太着急帮助一件事物发展，结果往往和我们的意图相反（欲速则不达）。”这是客观真理，应当用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填results。

例2：The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which __________ (place) under th e Minister’s car. (2005广东)

分析：替代the box的关系代词which在定语从句中作主语，place应当为谓语动词；因主语which (the box)与place (放置)是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因place这个动作发生在was caught这个动作之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been placed。

考点突破

一、单句填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.The house belongs to my aunt but she

____________ (not live) here any more. (全国I)

2. This machine _______________ (not work). It hasn’t worked for years. (浙江)

3. If their marketing plans succeed, they

________________ (increase) their sales by 20 percent. (全国Ⅱ)

4. Population experts predict that most people _____________(live) in cities in the near future. (上海春)

5. He __________(play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津)

6. —Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?

—Yes, since she ___________ the Chinese Society. (宁夏)

7. Teenagers ____________(damage) their health because they play computer games too much. (重庆)

8. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother __________ (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南)

9. John promised his doctor he _____________ (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. (北京)

10. By this time tomorrow, I_____________ (lie) on the beach

11. So far this year we ___________ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建)

12. The hotel wasn’t particular ly good. But I ____________ (stay) in many worse hotels. (北京)

13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ____________ (know) each other for years. (辽宁)

14. —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.

—I think so. He _____________________ (prepare) for it for months. (江苏) 15. The telephone ________________ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. (四川)

16. —Did you go to the show last night?

—Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area _______________(invite). (陕西) 17. —What’s that noise?

—Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine

_______________ (test). (浙江)

18. I like these English songs and they

___________________ (teach) many times on the radio. (安徽)

19. No decision _______________ (make) about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. (北京)

20. —Do you have any problems if you

______________(offer) this job?

—Well, I’m thinking about the salary…. (湖南)

二、语篇填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。(以动词时态为主)

(1)

It was getting dark when I got home. It was cold and I [1]_______________(wear) a coat. I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket [2]________(take) out my key [3]______ I couldn’t find it. I suddenly remembered that I had left [4]______ on my desk in the office. It really didn’t make [5]________ difference. I knew my wife was at home and the children must have come back from school [6]________ now, so I knocked at the door. There was no answer, so I knocked again. I [7]____________(continue) knocking at the door for some time. I was getting angry. Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife [8] ________ (phone) saying that she [9]_____________(go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.

There was only one thing for me to do: I had to clime in [10]___________

a window.

(2)

When he was a little boy, Christopher Cockerell once watched his mother

[1]_______________(turn) the wheel of her sewing-machine with her hand.