洛阳市2018-2019学年高三第一次统一考试
洛阳市2012-2013学年高三年级统一考试政治试卷(Word版)
洛阳市2012-2013学年高三年级统一考试政 治 试 卷第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共50分)本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
全卷共8页。
共100分。
考试时间90分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号，考试科目填写在答B 卷上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔将答题卷上对应题目答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
答在试题卷上无效。
3．非选择题用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔直接写在答题卷上每题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上或规定的答题区域外无效。
4．考试结束后，请将答题卷上交。
一、选择题(在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
25小题，每小题2分，共50分)1．为隆重庆祝十八大胜利召开，中国邮政发行十八大纪念邮票一套2枚，小型张1枚。
这套纪念邮票受到收藏市场的追捧，小型张市场溢价33%，零售邮票当天即告罄。
这套纪念邮票收藏市场 （ ） ①价格受供求影响 ②买者处于主导地位 ③收藏价值决定价格 ④卖者起主导作用A ．①②B ．①④C ．②③D ．③④2．假定2012年2月用100元人民币可以购买5件甲商品，此后物价一路仰冲，截止2012年11月，用100元只能购买4件甲商品，如果不考虑其他因素，则货币贬值 ，物价上涨 。
（ ）A ．20％ 25％B ．20％ 20％C ．25％ 20％D ．25% 25%3．人们外出旅游的需求不仅要受景区票价的影响，还要受其他因素的影响。
2012年中秋，国庆长假期间，依据国务院通知，各高速公路收费站免收7座以下小型客车通行费。
下列曲线（P 代表价格，Q 代表需求，A1为免费前，A2为免费后的情况）能反映这一措施带来的影响是 （ ）A B C D 4．政府不仅要当好“红娘”，牵线搭桥，还要尽力办好“嫁妆”，为民企提供越来越好的创业、发展环境。
为此，政府要 （ ） ①毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济 ②深化行政审批制度改革，提高办事效率，打造服务型政府 ③保证各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争 ④不断增强民营经济活力、控制力、影响力A ．①②B ．①④C ．②③D ．③④5．H 股份有限公司股东王某滥用公司法人独立地位和股东有限责任，转移公司财产以逃避公司债务，损害了公司债权人利益。
01化学与生活(50模拟的题目)
易错点一化学与生活模拟题训练1．（2018届广州市高三上学期第一次调研考试）通过不同的水处理方法可以得到不同质量标准的水，以满足人民生产、生活的用水需要。
下列处理方法不正确．．．的是A. 用ClO2、O3代替氯气进行自来水消毒B. 用高铁酸钠（Na2FeO4）处理水中的微生物和细菌C. 用Na2SO4·10H2O等处理含有Mg2＋、Ca2＋的硬水D. 用Na2S处理工业废水中的Cu2＋、Hg2＋等重金属离子【答案】C2．（2018届湖南省郴州市高三第一次质量检测）下列与化学有关的文献，理解错误的是A. 《咏石灰》（明·于谦）中“…烈火焚烧若等闲…要留清白在人间”其中“清白”是指氢氧化钙B. 《咏煤炭》（明·于谦）中“凿开混沌得乌金…不辞辛苦出山林”其中“乌金”的主要成分是煤炭C. 《天工开物》中记载：“以消石、硫磺为主。
草木灰为辅。
…魂散惊而魄齑粉”文中提到的是火药D. 《天工开物》中有如下描述:“世间丝、麻、裘、褐皆具素质…”文中的“裘”主要成分是蛋白质【答案】A3．（2018届湖南省郴州市高三第一次质量检测）化学与生产生活联系紧密，下列有关说法正确的是A. 只用淀粉溶液即可检验食盐是否为加碘盐B. 氢氟酸刻蚀水晶饰品体现其酸性C. 水垢中的CaSO4，可先转化为CaCO3，再用酸除去D. 煤经过气化和液化等物理变化可转为清洁能源【答案】C4．（2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷）化学与生活密切相关，下列有关说法错误的是A. 氢氧化铝可作抗酸药B. 硅胶可用作袋装食品的干燥剂C. 浓硫酸可刻蚀石英制的艺术品D. 酱油中含有多种维生素【答案】C5．（2018届四川达州市普通高中第一次诊断性测试）化学与生产、生活密切相关。
下列说法不正确的是A. 生活中不能用食醋区分食盐和纯碱B. 地沟油可用作工业上制肥皂C. 用燃烧的方法鉴别人造丝（纤维素）和蚕丝织物D. 硅胶可作袋装食品和瓶装药品的干燥剂【答案】A6．（2018届河南省洛阳市高三上学期第一次统一考试12月）化学与生产、生活、社会密切相关。
河南省洛阳市2021-2022学年高三上学期第一次统一考试地理试卷 含答案
河南省洛阳市2021—2022学年高中三年级第一次统一考试地理试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分，考试时间为90分钟。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共60分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。
2.考试结束，将答题卡交回。
一、单项选择题：（每小题2分，共60分。
）2021年11月7日20时28分，神舟十三号航天员翟志刚、王亚平先后从天和核心舱节点舱成功出舱。
王亚平的出舱标志着中国女航天员首次实现“太空漫步”，她身着的新舱外服也在太空中首次亮相。
图1为在北京航天飞行控制中心拍摄的神舟十三号航天员王亚平（右）结束出舱任务的照片，据此完成1-2题。
图11.航天员的舱外航天服具有的主要功能有①隔绝高低温②保持压力平衡③防强辐射④减轻失重感A.①②③B.①③④C.②③④D.①②④2.航天员出舱时不能观察到的是A.悬浮在宇宙中的蔚蓝色地球B.黑色天幕上无数明亮的星星C.太阳照射下的明亮船体D.划过天幕的众多流星国庆节期间，湖北某校研学小组到学校周边的山地进行考察，在出发前他们专门学习了夏季去山区旅游的相关安全知识，并设计了登山线路。
在山顶上他们领略了优美的湖光山色，当地人告诉他们，而季M湖湖水经常外泄。
图2示意他们绘制的该山等高线地形图和登山线路。
据此完成3-5题。
3.M湖湖水上涨外泄处的海拔可能是A.1280米B.1520米C.1480米D.1620米4.当研学小组到达②处时，如果突遇湖水大量外泄，最佳的逃生方向是A.东北B.正北C.东南D.正南5.登山线路上最早看到日出的是A.①地B.②地C.③地D.④地九九消寒图是我国民间传统文化中冬季“数九”计算日期的一种方法。
“日冬至，画素梅一枝，为瓣八十有一，日染一瓣，瓣尽而九九出，则春深矣，日九九消寒图。
”图3为一位同学某日涂染的消寒图，据此完成6-7题。
6.自冬至涂染开始，至消寒图如图3所示期间，洛阳A.气温降至全年最低B.日出方位逐渐偏南C.白昼浙短黑夜渐长D.正午日影逐渐变短7.当整个消寒图涂染全部完成时A.青海湖畔油菜花次第开放B.黄河上游可能出现凌汛C.三江平原进入春耕时节D.华北地区准备收割小麦蒸发皿蒸发量是指在蒸发皿中一直有水状态下测得的蒸发量，它反映陆地蒸发的能力，代表地面最大理论蒸发量。
河南省洛阳市2021-2022学年高三年级第一次统一考试英语试题
河南省洛阳市2021-2022学年高三年级第一次统一考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Are you looking forward to a vacation with your family in Caribbean islands? Actually, a family vacation in the Caribbean islands doesn’t come cheap but is affordable. These four wonderful kid-friendly hotels are ideal for you.Dreams Palm Beach HotelClose to Higuey, this hotel by the sea is just the place to enjoy the feel of Caribbean sand. While adults can be organized to visit Punta Cana, go golfing and go swimming, kids will love the kids’ club and the kids’ pool. A range of meals from Mexican flavor (味道) to Asian and French flavor are offered there, making this hotel stand out. Need more good news? There’s a spa to really get adults in the vacation mood.Hilton Nassau HotelIn the Nassau’s shopping district, this hotel is perfectly located to explore the nearby island, Prince George Wharf. Families can be guided to go to Bay Street for shopping or to the historic landmarks like Rawson Square. Then, return to the hotel’s pool bar for dining and overlooking Nassau Harbor and Paradise Island. The kids’ menu and high chairs make family dining a treat, especially since kids eat for free.Club Med La CaravelleThis hotel, on the Caribbean island of Grand Terre in Guadeloupe, is ideal for sporty family. You’ll find a pool, tennis courts, a gym, and a kids’ club where the activities’ schedule is brilliantly packed to keep your little ones busy all day.Sugar Bay ResortYou can feel right at home on your private balcony in this 31-acre property. Those who prefer a little action can catch a game of tennis in the gym, or even try surfing or jet skiing. No passport is required to visit the US Virgin Islands. Kids’ club is available for those who prefer to stay indoors.1．What makes eating in the Hilton Nassau Hotel more pleasant?A．Its high chairs.B．Treating friends.C．No charge for kids.D．The special-designed menu.2．In which hotel can tourists enjoy international foods?A．Dreams Palm Beach Hotel.B．Hilton Nassau Hotel.C．Club Med La Caravelle.D．Sugar Bay Resort.3．How is Sugar Bay Resort different?A．There are clubs and pools designed for kids.B．It offers a spa to relax tourists and kids.C．Tourists can visit the islands staying indoors.D．Tourists can experience great adventure.Grandma, almost ninety years old, sat weakly on the park bench. She didn’t move. She just sat with her head down staring at her hands.When I sat down beside her, she didn’t even notice me. I wondered if she was OK. So I asked her if she was OK. She raised her head, looked at me and said with a smile, “Yes, I’m fine .Thank you for asking me.” “I didn’t mean to disturb you, Grandma, but you were just sitting here staring at your hands and I wanted to make sure you were OK,” I explained to her.“Have you ever looked at your hands?” She asked.“I mean really looking at your hands.”I slowly opened my hands and stared down at them. And then I turned them over. No, I guess I had never really looked at my hands as I tried to figure out the point my grandma was making.Grandma smiled and told me the following story, “My hands put food in my mouth and clothes on my back. They tied my shoes and pulled on my boots. They held my husband and wiped my tears when he went off to war. They were uneasy when I tried to hold my newborn son. Decorated with my wedding band, they showed the world that I was married and loved someone special. They wrote my letters to him and shook when I buried my parents. They held my children and grandchildren and comforted my neighbors. They covered my face, combed my hair and washed the rest of my body. These hands are the mark of where I’ve been and the ruggedness of life.”I never look at my hands the same again. When my hands are hurt or when I touch the faces of my children and my husband, I think of my grandma. I know I can also create a bright future using my hands.4．The writer disturbed her grandma in order to know ________.A．what she was doing B．whether she understood the writerC．why she was staring at her hands D．if there was something wrong with her 5．What does the underlined word “ruggedness” in Paragraph 4 mean?A．Pleasure.B．Richness.C．Roughness.D．Excitement. 6．What can we know about the writer’s grandma?A．She is fond of telling stories.B．She treats others in a caring and helpful way.C．She loves telling stories in an interesting way.D．She prefers to talk with others about her friends.7．The author mentioned her grandma’s story to show that her grandma ________. A．couldn’t do anything as a result of her weak handsB．lived a poor life without any help of technologyC．felt very tired when dealing with life with her weak handsD．managed to go through many difficulties with her weak handsAngela Pozzi didn’t like seeing plastic trash washing up on the shore near her home in Bandon, Oregon. She wanted to unite her community to clean it up, so she started an organization and called it Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea.V olunteers help clean up Oregon’s 300 miles of shoreline. Then, using only plastics from the beach cleanup, Ms Pozzi and her staff and many, many volunteers create sculptures of sea animals. Ms Pozzi says, “I want to create sculptures that, hopefully, will make people consider their plastic purchases and be aware of how so much plastic ends up in the oceans.”Since 2010, more than 10,000 volunteers have collected 21 tons of trash and helped create more than 70 works of art. Four traveling exhibits have displayed the sculptures in more than 18 places. Shedd Aquarium in Chicago, Illinois, hosted an exhibit through September 2018.People have used plastics to create life-saving medical devices, inexpensive containers and gadgets, and toys, of course. But unlike wood, cotton, and other natural materials, plastics don’t break down into anything useful to other living things. Instead, they stay for years in landfills, waterways, and the oceans. The materials are harmful to some sea animals, such as turtles, sea lions, and birds. Some of these creatures eat plastic objects that look like food. Others become entangled (被缠住) in plastic nets or packaging.Ms Pozzi gives credit to everyone who helps. “One person didn’t create these sculptures,”she says. “Some people have picked up the plastic; others have sorted the items by color. Still others have washed each piece of plastic trash. V olunteers have drilled holes or helped to make the small wire-stitched panels, while others welded (焊接) the giant frames. I do the heads and detail work, and my staff and I take all the pieces everyone contributes to finish the work.” Says Ms Pozzi, “Until we run out of plastic on the beach, the work will continue.”8．According to the passage, Washed Ashore ________.A．is an official organization B．collects plastics for moneyC．turns the waste into artworks D．aims to prevent the use of plastics 9．What do the numbers in Paragraph 3 mainly tell us?A．The long history of the organization.B．The accomplishments of the organization.C．The sculptures are popular in many places.D．Many people are in favour of the organization.10．Which can best describe plastics according to the passage?A．A double-edged sword.B．A threat to living things.C．More stable in landfills.D．Food for sea creatures.11．Why does Ms Pozzi introduce the specific process of creating the sculptures?A．To teach it to readers.B．To show its difficulty.C．Because she feels very proud.D．Because it is an art by teamwork.Do we still need cash? The days of holding notes in our hands may be numbered. The advancement of technology and the increase of new electronic and mobile device in today’s world is set to revolutionize how we make payments. With a swipe (刷) or a click of a mobile-phone app, our entire wealth is literally at our fingertips. As digital forms are increasingly replacing cash payments, some think that we should become fully cash-free. However, I do not believe we should move towards a completely cash-free society.One of the main concerns of a cashless world is the risk of cheat and ridiculously, the inconvenience that follows. The instant content that accompanies cashless transactions (处理) could be compromised by online security issues. Technology experts argue that our current state of technology is unable to provide a secure cashless environment that could prevent people from accessing the system illegally and abusing the personal data. In addition, many online shopping sites lack strong systems that would protect their customers’ personalcredentials (可信). Occasionally, when an account is “locked” due to a suspected cheating activity, having cash in hand becomes critical. In a cashless society, a victim of cheating would find himself locked out of his account and unable to access his money until the case is solved. Going cash-free causes great inconvenience in this case.Another reason is that mankind might potentially become less thrift (节俭的). Paying in cash causes a psychological pain on consumers so that they are more cautious in their spending. As it is, cashless payments have already eased that pain somewhat. Thus, an even more careless digital payment could make us much less thrift.The idea of cashless society is a very real, or even an exciting one. However, to safeguard the interests of all users, it is better to soften our enthusiasm — perhaps to be a less-cash society rather than a completely cashless one is a more working option.12．How can cashless payments benefit people according to the author?A．They can warn people of risks.B．They can remind people of mistakes.C．They can reduce psychological pain.D．They can make life convenient.13．What’s the second reason the author tells to support his idea?A．The risk of cheat.B．The inconvenience.C．The lack of safety.D．The desire to purchase.14．What’s the best title for the passage?A．Going Against the Cashless Wave B．Going Completely Cashless Is True C．Stopping Moving towards Cashless D．We Do Not Need Cash Any Longer 15．The passage is mainly developed by ________.A．giving examples B．analyzing causesC．making introductions D．examining differences二、七选五How to Be a Good Upstairs NeighborOne must remember to be polite when living in an apartment building. You may unintentionally bother your neighbors with actions that you think to be harmless. ____16____ Living upstairs, you must always be aware that everything you do may be heard by those wholive below. This doesn’t mean that you have to completely change your lifestyle, though.____17____ This will greatly reduce the sound of your footsteps, thus limiting the sound your downstairs neighbor will hear. You should always remember to change your shoes when entering your apartment to ensure that your downstairs neighbor doesn’t hear you walking around.Place carpets in your apartment if you have hardwood floors. Doing so is another way to decrease the sound of steps coming from an upstairs apartment. You can also put your furniture on these carpets. ____18____Close your windows when you can. A floor is usually about three meters high, so it’s quite easy to hear your conversations. ____19____ Therefore, whenever you are watching TV or listening to a radio, try to keep your windows closed as much as possible.Do your cleaning on weekend afternoons. ____20____ Doing such housework at 3:00 pm on a Saturday is much better than doing so at 9:30 on a Tuesday night.A．Wear slippers while in your upstairs apartment.B．It becomes much easier when your windows are open.C．No matter what you do, consider your neighbor’s requirements.D．There’ll be a time when you will run a cleaner to clean your room.E．This is especially true for those people who live above an apartment.F．It will disturb your downstairs neighbor who has to work the next morning.G．This keeps your furniture from moving around, thus limiting noise a downstairs neighbor may hear.三、完形填空Last week I wrote about how giving to others can and does lift your life and brings more happiness, contentment, and even better health and a longer life. It must have ____21____ me to practice what I was preaching (宣扬) because later I ____22____ myself in my car driving to the high school that all my kids attended and going ____23____ to the office where I made a pretty sizable donation.As I walked out of the building, I felt so good and happy in the ____24____ of my heart and brain that I ____25____ another school. I made a couple more ____26____ that day and felt like I was on top of the ____27____. It’s very ____28____ that when I make donations,including all those $2 bills that I ____29____ give to kids, I always feel that I _____30_____ much more out of it than the recipient (接受者). What a great _____31_____ it gives me! As science has proved, there is a great _____32_____ between the brain and the _____33_____. This allows us humans to help and _____34_____ our entire physical being by what we run through our heads. _____35_____ is one of those things that can set off a lot of good_____36_____ feelings in our bodies.Most of us, when we talk about giving, tend to think _____37_____ in terms of giving money. But there are so many other ways and things to give. With very little _____38_____, I came up with this list of things we can give to others that can be a _____39_____ help to those people and, at the same time, can give a _____40_____ to our brains, souls, and bodies. 21．A．attracted B．prohibited C．motivated D．allowed 22．A．found B．devoted C．committed D．dressed 23．A．suddenly B．specially C．well D．straight 24．A．presence B．center C．edge D．absence 25．A．got through B．registered for C．rolled over D．headed for 26．A．donations B．experiments C．predictions D．decisions 27．A．voice B．building C．-world D．mountain 28．A．surprising B．interesting C．annoying D．convincing 29．A．often B．purely C．simply D．deliberately 30．A．make B．share C．get D．change 31．A．shock B．feeling C．gift D．reward 32．A．difference B．restriction C．gap D．connection 33．A．body B．heart C．muscle D．ankle 34．A．handle B．improve C．spread D．block 35．A．Purchasing B．Organizing C．Giving D．Changing 36．A．official B．foreign C．familiar D．positive 37．A．fortunately B．constantly C．primarily D．eventually 38．A．effort B．contribution C．requirement D．chance 39．A．real B．legal C．formal D．huge 40．A．terminal B．lift C．train D．rest四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2018-2019】周处除三害阅读答案-word范文 (26页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==周处除三害阅读答案篇一：河南省洛阳市201X届高三语文12月统一考试试题及答案洛阳市201X——201X学年高中三年级统一考试语文试卷(A)第I卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成l～3题。
知耻则有所不为耻感文化是中国优秀的文化传统，它萌芽于早期国家形成的尧舜禹时期，至春秋战国时期形成，对数千年来中华民族的发展产生了深远的影响。
中国传统的耻感文化，立足于人的个性修养，延展到整个社会的道德评价机制，具体表现为向内和向外两个层面。
从向内的方向看，首先，它强调个人的修身，要求内省、慎独、反求诸己，通过正己而达到正人，这一点构成了耻感文化的核心内容。
其次它激发人的奋斗精神，“行已有耻”，它使人为实现自己的人生理想和道德实践而积极进取，不屈不挠，形成奋发有为的民族精神。
孔子有言：“好学近乎知，力行近乎仁，知耻近乎勇。
”在这天下三德中，知耻居于最深层次，它对好学、力行乃至其他种种行为发挥着重要影响。
孟子进一步发挥了孔子的思想，倡导“我善养吾浩然之气”的修养方法。
由孔孟所倡导的人生理想和实践，为中国历代志士仁人所认同，成为他们立身行事的楷模，造成中国历史发展中的刚正之气，形成一种刚直不阿、特立卓行、奋发有为的民族精神。
再次它崇尚操守，褒扬气节。
由于耻感文化能使人从内心控制自己的行为，因而形成中国古代崇尚操守、不媚时俗的道德品格，其具体内涵就是指廉洁正直、守志不辱的人生品行，最终则是在这种价值追求的基础上形成了中华民族源远流长的气节观。
从向外的方向看，耻感文化对人的一个基本行为要求就是改过迁善，见贤思齐。
这是建立于耻感文化基础上的内省机制的外化，“知耻则有所不为”，进一步做到改过迁善、见贤思齐、最终而达到“至善”的崇高境地。
其次是建立于耻感文化基础上的社会道德评价机制。
高考数学培优复习：第6章 2 第2讲 等差数列及其前n项和新题培优练
[基础题组练]1．(2019·开封市高三定位考试)已知等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,且a 1＋a 5＝10,S 4＝16,则数列{a n }的公差为( )A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4解析：选B.法一：设等差数列{a n }的公差为d ,则由题意,得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a 1＋a 1＋4d ＝10，4a 1＋4×32×d ＝16，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a 1＝1，d ＝2，故选B. 法二：设等差数列{a n }的公差为d ,因为S 4＝4(a 1＋a 4)2＝2(a 1＋a 5－d )＝2(10－d )＝16,所以d ＝2,故选B.2．已知数列{a n }满足a 1＝15,且3a n ＋1＝3a n －2,若a k ·a k ＋1<0,则正整数k ＝( )A ．21B ．22C ．23D ．24解析：选C.3a n ＋1＝3a n －2⇒a n ＋1＝a n －23⇒{a n }是等差数列,则a n ＝473－23n .因为a k ·a k ＋1<0,所以⎝⎛⎭⎫473－23k ⎝⎛⎭⎫453－23k <0,所以452<k <472,所以k ＝23. 3．(2019·四川三地四校联考)在等差数列{a n }中,a 1＝－2 015,其前n 项和为S n ,若S 1212－S 1010＝2,则S 2 018＝( )A ．2 018B ．－2 018C ．4 036D ．－4 036 解析：选C.设等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ＝An 2＋Bn ,则S n n ＝An ＋B ,所以⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫S n n 是等差数列．因为S 1212－S 1010＝2,所以⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫S n n 的公差为1,又S 11＝a 11＝－2 015,所以⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫S n n 是以－2 015为首项,1为公差的等差数列,所以S 2 0182 018＝－2 015＋2 017×1＝2,所以S 2 018＝4 036.故选C. 4．(2019·衡水中学二调)今有良马与驽马发长安至齐,齐去长安一千一百二十五里,良马初日行一百零三里,日增十三里；驽马初日行九十七里,日减半里；良马先至齐,复还迎驽马,问：几何日相逢？( )A ．12日B ．16日C ．8日D ．9日解析：选D.由题易知良马每日所行里数构成一等差数列,其通项公式为a n ＝103＋13(n －1)＝13n ＋90,驽马每日所行里数也构成一等差数列,其通项公式为b n ＝97－12(n －1)＝－12n ＋1952,二马相逢时所走路程之和为2×1 125＝2 250,所以n (a 1＋a n )2＋n (b 1＋b n )2＝2 250,即n (103＋13n ＋90)2＋n ⎝⎛⎭⎫97－12n ＋19522＝2 250,化简得n 2＋31n －360＝0,解得n ＝9或n ＝－40(舍去),故选D.5．已知等差数列{a n }的公差d ≠0,且a 3＋a 9＝a 10－a 8.若a n ＝0,则n ＝________．解析：因为a 3＋a 9＝a 10－a 8,所以a 1＋2d ＋a 1＋8d ＝a 1＋9d －(a 1＋7d ),解得a 1＝－4d ,所以a n ＝－4d ＋(n －1)d ＝(n －5)d ,令(n －5)d ＝0(d ≠0),可解得n ＝5.答案：56．(2019·江苏适应性测试)设等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n .若a 3＝5,且S 1,S 5,S 7成等差数列,则数列{a n }的通项公式a n ＝________．解析：设等差数列{a n }的公差为d ,因为a 3＝5,且S 1,S 5,S 7成等差数列,所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a 1＋2d ＝5，a 1＋7a 1＋21d ＝10a 1＋20d ，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a 1＝1，d ＝2，所以a n ＝2n －1. 答案：2n －17．(2019·长春市质量检测(二))已知数列{a n }的通项公式为a n ＝2n －11.(1)求证：数列{a n }是等差数列；(2)令b n ＝|a n |,求数列{b n }的前10项和S 10.解：(1)证明：由a n ＝2n －11,可得a n ＋1－a n ＝2(n ＋1)－11－2n ＋11＝2(n ∈N *),因此数列{a n }为等差数列．(2)因为a n ＝2n －11,所以|a n |＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧11－2n ，n ≤5，2n －11，n >5， 因此,S 10＝5×9＋12×5×4×(－2)＋5×1＋12×5×4×2＝50. 8．已知等差数列的前三项依次为a ,4,3a ,前n 项和为S n ,且S k ＝110.(1)求a 及k 的值；(2)已知数列{b n }满足b n ＝S n n,证明数列{b n }是等差数列,并求其前n 项和T n . 解：(1)设该等差数列为{a n },则a 1＝a ,a 2＝4,a 3＝3a ,由已知有a ＋3a ＝8,得a 1＝a ＝2,公差d ＝4－2＝2,所以S k ＝ka 1＋k (k －1)2·d ＝2k ＋k (k －1)2×2＝k 2＋k . 由S k ＝110,得k 2＋k －110＝0,解得k ＝10或k ＝－11(舍去),故a ＝2,k ＝10.(2)由(1)得S n ＝n (2＋2n )2＝n (n ＋1), 则b n ＝S n n＝n ＋1, 故b n ＋1－b n ＝(n ＋2)－(n ＋1)＝1,即数列{b n }是首项为2,公差为1的等差数列,所以T n ＝n (2＋n ＋1)2＝n (n ＋3)2. [综合题组练]1．(2019·西安市八校联考)设等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,若S 6>S 7>S 5,则满足S n S n ＋1<0的正整数n 的值为( )A ．10B ．11C ．12D ．13解析：选C.由S 6>S 7>S 5,得S 7＝S 6＋a 7<S 6,S 7＝S 5＋a 6＋a 7>S 5,所以a 7<0,a 6＋a 7>0,所以S 13＝13(a 1＋a 13)2＝13a 7<0,S 12＝12(a 1＋a 12)2＝6(a 6＋a 7)>0,所以S 12S 13<0,即满足S n S n ＋1<0的正整数n 的值为12,故选C. 2．(2019·山西太原模拟)已知数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,点(n ,S n )(n ∈N *)在函数y ＝x 2－10x 的图象上,等差数列{b n }满足b n ＋b n ＋1＝a n (n ∈N *),其前n 项和为T n ,则下列结论正确的是( )A ．S n <2T nB ．b 4＝0C ．T 7>b 7D ．T 5＝T 6解析：选D.因为点(n ,S n )(n ∈N *)在函数y ＝x 2－10x 的图象上,所以S n ＝n 2－10n ,所以a n ＝2n －11,又b n ＋b n ＋1＝a n (n ∈N *),数列{b n }为等差数列,设公差为d ,所以2b 1＋d ＝－9,2b 1＋3d ＝－7,解得b 1＝－5,d ＝1,所以b n ＝n －6,所以b 6＝0,所以T 5＝T 6,故选D.3．(2019·重庆适应性测试(二))设S n 是等差数列{a n }的前n 项和,S 10＝16,S 100－S 90＝24,则S 100＝________．解析：依题意,S 10,S 20－S 10,S 30－S 20,…,S 100－S 90依次成等差数列,设该等差数列的公差为d .又S 10＝16,S 100－S 90＝24,因此S 100－S 90＝24＝16＋(10－1)d ＝16＋9d ,解得d ＝89,因此S 100＝10S 10＋10×92d ＝10×16＋10×92×89＝200. 答案：2004．(创新型)(2019·安徽省淮南模拟)设数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,若S n S 2n为常数,则称数列{a n }为“精致数列”．已知等差数列{b n }的首项为1,公差不为0,若数列{b n }为“精致数列”,则数列{b n }的通项公式为________．解析：设等差数列{b n }的公差为d ,由S n S 2n 为常数,设S n S 2n ＝k 且b 1＝1,得n ＋12n (n －1)d ＝k ⎣⎡⎦⎤2n ＋12×2n (2n －1)d ,即2＋(n －1)d ＝4k ＋2k (2n －1)d ,整理得(4k －1)dn ＋(2k －1)(2－d )＝0.因为对任意正整数n ,上式恒成立,所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧d (4k －1)＝0，(2k －1)(2－d )＝0，解得d ＝2,k ＝14,所以数列{b n }的通项公式为b n ＝2n －1(n ∈N *)．答案：b n ＝2n －1(n ∈N *)5．已知数列{a n }满足：a 3＝－13,a n ＝a n －1＋4(n ＞1,n ∈N *)．(1)求a 1,a 2及通项公式a n ；(2)设S n 为数列{a n }的前n 项和,则数列S 1,S 2,S 3,…中哪一项最小？ 解：(1)因为数列{a n }满足a 3＝－13,a n ＝a n －1＋4, 所以a n －a n －1＝4,即数列{a n }为等差数列且公差为d ＝4, 所以a 2＝a 3－d ＝－13－4＝－17, a 1＝a 2－d ＝－17－4＝－21,所以通项公式a n ＝a 1＋(n －1)d ＝－21＋4(n －1)＝4n －25.(2)令a n ＝4n －25≥0可解得n ≥254, 所以数列{a n }的前6项为负值,从第7项开始为正数, 所以数列S 1,S 2,S 3,…中S 6最小．6．(2019·洛阳市第一次统一考试)已知数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,a n ≠0,a 1＝1,且2a n a n ＋1＝4S n －3(n ∈N *)．(1)求a 2的值并证明：a n ＋2－a n ＝2；(2)求数列{a n }的通项公式．解：(1)令n ＝1得2a 1a 2＝4S 1－3,又a 1＝1,所以a 2＝12. 2a n a n ＋1＝4S n －3,①2a n ＋1a n ＋2＝4S n ＋1－3.②②－①得,2a n ＋1(a n ＋2－a n )＝4a n ＋1. 因为a n ≠0,所以a n ＋2－a n ＝2.(2)由(1)可知：数列a 1,a 3,a 5,…,a 2k －1,…为等差数列,公差为2,首项为1, 所以a 2k －1＝1＋2(k －1)＝2k －1,即n 为奇数时,a n ＝n .数列a 2,a 4,a 6,…,a 2k ,…为等差数列,公差为2,首项为12,所以a 2k ＝12＋2(k －1)＝2k －32, 即n 为偶数时,a n ＝n －32. 综上所述,a n ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧n ，n 为奇数，n －32，n 为偶数.。
2023届河南省洛阳市高三第一次统一考试物理试题
2023届河南省洛阳市高三第一次统一考试物理试题一、单选题 (共6题)第(1)题图甲为某游乐场的水滑梯，其简化模型如图乙所示。
一质量为m的小朋友从a点沿轨道经b点滑到最低c点，已知ab、bc间高度差均为h。
则小朋友（ ）A．a到b和b到c动能增加量一定相同B．a到b和b到c重力势能减少量一定相同C．a到b和b到c机械能保持不变D．a到c的运动总时间为第(2)题某均匀介质上有两波源A、B，间距3.6m，在外力作用下，A、B两波源持续周期性上下同频振动，振幅分别为4cm和2cm，在t=0时刻观察到AB连线内的波形如图，测得A波波长0.4m，在t=3.0s时两波相遇，则（ ）A．波源A和B起振方向相同B．波在该介质中的传播速度为1m/sC．A、B连线内（不包括A、B）共有17个振动加强点D．当t=5.0s时，A、B连线中心质点O经过的总路程为0.44m第(3)题中国是目前世界上高速铁路运行里程最长的国家，如今高铁已经成为人们主要的跨城出行工具，如图，高铁进站的过程可近似为匀减速直线运动，高铁车头依次经过A、B、C三个位置，已知AB=BC，测得AB段的平均速度为30m/s，BC段平均速度为20m/s。
根据这些信息下列说法正确的是（ ）A．可以确定高铁运动的加速度B．可求出高铁车头在AB段和BC段运动的时间C．可求出高铁车头经过 AB 段和BC段的时间之比D．求不出高铁车头经过A、B，C三个位置的速度第(4)题如图所示，在xOy坐标系中一质量为m的小球绕原点O做顺时针方向圆周运动，半径为R。
一束平行光沿x轴正方向照射小球，在处放置一垂直于x轴的足够大屏幕，观察到影子在y轴方向上的运动满足。
则（ ）A．影子做简谐运动，周期为B．小球做匀速圆周运动的向心力为C．，小球坐标是D．，小球速度沿y轴正方向第(5)题如图所示，两相同光滑斜面体放置在粗糙水平面上，两斜边紧靠且垂直，左侧斜面体与水平面的夹角。
一轻质细杆AB穿有质量为m的小球C，将杆水平置于两斜面体之间，系统恰好处于平衡状态。
2023届河南省洛阳市高三第一次统一考试物理试题
2023届河南省洛阳市高三第一次统一考试物理试题一、单项选择题：本题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分，在每小题给出的答案中，只有一个符合题目要求。
(共8题)第(1)题四根在同一平面（纸面）内的长直绝缘导线中间围成“口”字形，四条导线中的电流大小相等，方向如图所示。
是“口”字形的中心，和关于点对称，下列说法正确的是（ ）A．导线2和导线4相互排斥B．点的磁感应强度方向垂直纸面向里C．和点磁感应强度相同D．减小导线1的电流，点的磁感应强度增大第(2)题投壶是从先秦延续至清末的中国传统礼仪和宴饮游戏，《礼记传》中提到：“投壶，射之细也，宴饮有射以乐宾，以习容向讲艺也。
”如图所示，甲、乙两人沿水平方向各射出一支箭，箭尖插入壶中时与水平面的夹角分别为和；已知两支箭质量相同，忽略空气阻力、箭长、壶口大小等因素的影响，下列说法正确的是（，，，）（ ）A．若箭在竖直方向下落的高度相等，则甲所射箭落入壶口时速度比乙小B．若箭在竖直方向下落的高度相等，则甲投壶位置距壶的水平距离比乙大C．若两人站在距壶相同水平距离处投壶，甲所投的箭在空中运动时间比乙的短D．若两人站在距壶相同水平距离处投壶，甲所投箭的初速度比乙的大第(3)题1900年，普朗克引入了能量子这一概念，首次提出了能量量子化的思想，以下现象跟能量量子化无关的是（ ）A．原子光谱B．黑体辐射C．雨后彩虹D．光电效应第(4)题设想将来发射一颗人造卫星，能在月球绕地球运动的轨道上稳定运行，该轨道可视为圆轨道．该卫星与月球相比，一定相等的是（）A．质量B．向心力大小C．向心加速度大小D．受到地球的万有引力大小第(5)题根据高中所学知识可知，做自由落体运动的小球，将落在正下方位置，但实际上，赤道上方200m处无初速下落的小球将落在正下方位置偏东约6cm处，这一现象可解释为，除重力外，由于地球自转，下落过程小球还受到一个水平向东的“力”，该“力”与竖直方向的速度大小成正比，现将小球从赤道地面竖直上抛，考虑对称性，上升过程该“力”水平向西，则小球（ ）A．到最高点时，水平方向的加速度和速度均为零B．到最高点时，水平方向的加速度和速度均不为零C．落地点在抛出点东侧D．落地点在抛出点西侧第(6)题小明发现滑步推铅球比原地推铅球可增加约2米的成绩，如图为滑步推铅球过程示意图。