CHENGDELH CARBONACEOUS ELEMENTS FACTORY 石墨电极-承德隆和碳素厂
油气田燃料天然气组分特征对实测碳排放因子的影响
油气田燃料天然气组分特征对实测碳排放因子的影响廉军豹付玥张鑫袁良庆刘宏彬李世熙谭小红（大庆油田设计院有限公司）摘要：通过实测碳排放因子计算公式理论分析及油气田典型燃料天然气实例分析，探索燃料天然气组分特征对实测碳排放因子的影响。
结果表明：各生产系统使用的油气田燃料天然气含碳原子数量较多的组分含量越多，实测含碳量碳排放因子及实测低位发热量碳排放因子越大，含碳原子数量较少的组分或H 2、O 2、N 2、He 不含碳的组分含量越多，实测含碳量碳排放因子及实测低位发热量碳排放因子越小；除实测方法系统性差异外，一定含量的CO 2，是导致油气田燃料天然气实测低位发热量碳排放因子与实测含碳量碳排放因子之间存在显著差异的重要原因；各类燃料天然气碳排放因子存在普遍性差异，干气的实测碳排放因子明显比湿气的小。
上述结论将为油气田燃料天然气碳排放核算提供技术支持。
关键词：油气田；燃料天然气；碳排放因子；组分特征；实测DOI :10.3969/j.issn.2095-1493.2023.11.016The influences of fuel natural gas composition characteristics on measured carbon emission factors in oil and gas fieldLIAN Junbao，FU Yue，ZHANG Xin，YUAN Liangqing，LIU Hongbin，LI Shixi，TAN Xiaohong Daqing Oilfield Design Institute Co ．，Ltd ．Abstract：The influences of fuel natural gas composition characteristics on measured carbon emission factors are explored through the theory analysis of measured carbon emission factors formula and the cas-es analysis of typical fuel natural gas in oil and gas field．The results show that the higher the content of components with more carbon atoms in the natural gas used as fuel of each production system in oil and gas fields，the greater the carbon emission factor from measured carbon content and that from measured low calorific value．The higher the content of components with less carbon atoms or components with-out carbon such as H 2，O 2，N 2，He in natural gas used as fuel in oil and gas fields，the smaller the car-bon emission factor from measured carbon content and that from measured low calorific value．What's more，in addition to systematic differences between measurement methods，a certain amount of CO 2is an important reason for the significant difference between the carbon emission factor from measured carbon content and that from measured low calorific value of natural gas used in oil and gas fields．In addition，there are universal differences in various carbon emission factors of fuel natural gases in oil and gas fields，and the measured carbon emission factors of dry gas are significantly smaller than those of wet gas．Most importantly，the above conclusions will be provided technical support for the carbon emis-sion accounting for fuel natural gas in oil and gas fields ．Keywords：oil and gas field；fuel natural gas；carbon emission factor；composition characteristics；measurement第一作者简介：廉军豹，高级工程师，硕士研究生，2010年毕业于中国地质大学（武汉）（应用化学专业），从事油气田碳资产研发技术研（碳控楼），163712。
材料科学专业英语第二章翻译
ferrous alloys铁合金More than 90% by weight of the metallic materials used by human beings are ferrous alloy. This represents an immense family of engineering materials with a wide range of microstructures and related properties. The majority of engineering designs that require structural load support or power transmission involve ferrous alloys. As a practical matter, those alloys fall into two broad categories based on the carbon in the alloy composition. Steel generally contains between wc=0.05% and wc=4.5%.超过90%的重量的金属材料使用的人类是铁合金。
这是一个巨大的工程材料的家庭与广泛的微观结构和相关的属性。
大部分的工程设计,需要结构性的负载支持或电力传输涉及铁合金。
作为一个实际问题,这些合金分为两大类基于碳在合金成分。
钢一般包含在wc = 0.05%和wc = 4.5%。
Within the steel category,we shall other than carbon is used.A compositon of 5% total noncarbon high alloy steels. Those alloy additions are chosen carefully becouse they invariably bring with them sharply increased material costs. They are justified only by essential improvements in improvements such as higher strength or improved corrosion resistance在钢的类别,我们将使用碳。
化学英语词汇大全熟悉化学元素化合物与反应的专业术语
化学英语词汇大全熟悉化学元素化合物与反应的专业术语化学是一门涉及元素、化合物和反应等各个方面的科学，具有广泛的应用领域。
熟悉化学英语词汇对于学习和理解化学知识至关重要。
本文将为您介绍一些常用的化学英语词汇，帮助您更好地掌握化学的专业术语。
一、元素（Elements）1. Hydrogen（氢）: The lightest and most abundant element in the universe. Symbol: H.2. Oxygen（氧）: A colorless and odorless gas that is essential for respiration. Symbol: O.3. Carbon（碳）: A chemical element that is a necessary component ofall living organisms. Symbol: C.4. Nitrogen（氮）: A colorless and odorless gas that makes up about 78% of Earth's atmosphere. Symbol: N.5. Sodium（钠）: A highly reactive metal that is essential for maintaining fluid balance in the body. Symbol: Na.二、化合物（Compounds）1. Water（水）: A clear, colorless, odorless, and tasteless liquid compound composed of hydrogen and oxygen. Chemical formula: H2O.2. Carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）: A colorless gas composed of carbon and oxygen. Chemical formula: CO2.3. Sodium chloride（氯化钠）: A white crystalline solid compound commonly known as table salt. Chemical formula: NaCl.4. Ethanol（乙醇）: A colorless liquid compound commonly used as a solvent and in alcoholic beverages. Chemical formula: C2H5OH.5. Methane（甲烷）: A colorless, odorless gas that is the main component of natural gas. Chemical formula: CH4.三、反应（Reactions）1. Oxidation（氧化）: A chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen.2. Reduction（还原）: A chemical reaction in which a substance gains electrons and reduces its oxidation state.3. Acid-base reaction（酸碱反应）: A chemical reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to form a salt and water.4. Combustion（燃烧）: A rapid chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidant, usually producing heat and light.5. Polymerization（聚合）: A chemical reaction in which small molecules, called monomers, combine to form a large chain-like structure, called a polymer.总结（Conclusion）本文介绍了一些常用的化学英语词汇，涵盖了元素、化合物和反应等方面的专业术语。
二元铝合金中沉淀初始阶段形核驱动力的简化模型
二元铝合金中沉淀初始阶段形核驱动力的简化模型下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
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环化名词解释英文缩写及公式整理
环境化学名词英文缩写环工201503 刘欣雨 20151222持久性有机污染物（POPs ）双对氯苯基三氯乙烷，滴滴涕（DDT ）生物浓缩因子（BCF ）生物半衰期（BHL ）多环芳烃类（PAHs ）过氧乙酰硝酸酯（PAN ）过氧丙酰硝酸酯（PPN ）二乙基羟胺（DEHA ）溶解氧（DO ）氮基三乙酸钠（NTA ）乙二胺四乙酸钠（EDTA ）高级氧化技术（AOTs )Streeter-Phelps /S-P 模型（BOD-DO 耦合模型、氧平衡模型）阳离子交换量(CEC)阴离子交换量(AEC)盐基饱和度（%）（BS ）多氯联苯(PCBs)总溶解固体(TDS)环境化学公式大全1、生物浓缩因子（BCF ）=2、对于水中的DO3、总碱度=C T (α1+2α2)+K W /[H +]-[H +]酚酞碱度=C T (α2-α0)+K W /[H +]-[H +]苛性碱度=-C T (α1+2α0)+K W /[H +]-[H +]总酸度=C T (α1+2α0)+[H +] -K W /[H +]CO 2酸度=C T (α0-α2)+ [H +] -K W /[H +]无机酸度=-C T (α1+2α2)+ [H +] - K W /[H +]4、总碱度=[HCO 3-]+2[CO 32-] +[OH -]-[H +]酚酞碱度=[CO 32-]+[OH -]-[H 2CO 3*]-[H +]苛性碱度=[OH -]-[HCO 3-]-2[H 2CO 3*]-[H +]无机酸度=[H +]-[HCO 3-]-2[CO 32-]-[OH -]（甲基橙酸度）CO 2酸度=[H +]+[H 2CO 3*]-[CO 32-]-[OH -]（酚酞酸度）总酸度=2×CO 2酸度-无机酸度=[H +]+[HCO 3-]+2[H 2CO 3*]-[OH -]5、天然水的缓冲能力对于碳酸水体系，当pH<8.3时，可以只考虑一级碳酸平衡，故其pH 值可由下式确定：6、吸附等温线和等温式（1）H 型等温线 G=kC（2）F 型等温式（3）L 型等温式式中：G 0——单位表面上达到饱和时间的最大吸附量；A——常数6、pC-pH 图斜率等于n ，即金属的化合价。
2D层状材料的燃料油氧化脱硫研究进展
化工进展Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress2024 年第 43 卷第 1 期2D 层状材料的燃料油氧化脱硫研究进展杨雪，刘可，张程翔，李东霖，王江芹，杨万亮（贵州大学化学与化工学院，贵州 贵阳 550025）摘要：二维（2D ）层状材料因其独特的性质在燃料油氧化脱硫领域应用广泛，如石墨烯和类石墨烯材料（如类石墨相氮化碳和六方氮化硼等）、2D 硅基材料、层状双金属氢氧化物、MXene 、2D 金属有机骨架材料、二硫化钼等。
本文从不同2D 层状材料出发，综述了如何构建催化氧化脱硫催化剂、催化剂脱硫效率以及脱硫过程和机制，并对2D 层状材料在氧化脱硫领域的研究现状进行了梳理。
然而，普通的2D 层状材料大多因为材料本身的催化性能不足，不能直接应用于燃料油氧化脱硫工艺。
因此，研究人员通过制造缺陷、元素掺杂、官能团改性和负载活性位点等方法对2D 层状材料进行改性并将其应用于催化氧化脱硫工艺。
最后，本文对2D 层状材料在氧化脱硫领域的研究方向提出了展望，指出了构建具有可控、开放2D 传输孔道的2D 层状氧化脱硫催化剂是未来脱硫领域研究的重要方向之一。
关键词：二维材料；燃料油；催化；氧化脱硫；二维孔道中图分类号：TE624；TQ426 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-6613（2024）01-0422-15Research progress of 2D layered materials for fuel oiloxidation desulfurizationYANG Xue ，LIU Ke ，ZHANG Chengxiang ，LI Donglin ，WANG Jiangqin ，YANG Wanliang(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China)Abstract: Two dimensional (2D) layered materials are widely used in the field of oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil due to their unique properties, such as graphene and other graphene-like materials (such as graphitic carbon nitride and hexagonal boron nitride), 2D silicon-based materials, layered double hydroxides, MXene, 2D metal-organic frameworks, molybdenum disulfide, etc . Starting from different 2D layered materials, this paper summarized how to build catalytic oxidation desulfurization catalysts, catalyst desulfurization efficiency, desulfurization process and mechanism, and combed the research status of 2D layered materials in the field of oxidative desulfurization. Nevertheless, most ordinary 2D layered materials cannot be directly applied to fuel oil oxidation desulfurization process because of their insufficient catalytic performance. Therefore, researchers modified 2D layered materials by manufacturing defects, element doping, functional group modification and loading active sites, and applied them to catalytic oxidation desulfurization process. Finally, this article presentes prospects for the research direction of 2D layered materials in the field of oxidative desulfurization, and pointes out that constructing 2D layered oxidative desulfurization catalysts with controllable and open 2D transport channels was one of综述与专论DOI ：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0259收稿日期：2023-02-24；修改稿日期：2023-04-26。
cde自反应物和混合物类型
cde自反应物和混合物类型英文版cde Self-Reactants and Mixture TypesIn the realm of chemical reactions, self-reactants and mixtures play crucial roles. The acronym "cde" refers to the three primary categories of self-reactants: compounds, dimers, and elements. Understanding these categories is essential for comprehending the intricacies of chemical reactions.Compounds are formed when two or more elements combine chemically. These compounds can act as self-reactants, undergoing chemical reactions without the need for additional reactants. For instance, when hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes, it acts as both the reactant and the product, releasing water (H2O) and oxygen (O2) as by-products.Dimers are formed when two identical or similar molecules combine. These dimers can also act as self-reactants, undergoing reactions that lead to the formation of largermolecules or the breakdown of the dimer itself. An example is the dimerization of ethylene, where two ethylene molecules combine to form a larger molecule.Elements are the basic building blocks of matter and can also act as self-reactants. In some cases, elements can undergo reactions with themselves, such as the oxidation of metals. For instance, iron can react with oxygen to form iron oxide, a process known as rusting.Mixtures, on the other hand, are combinations of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded. These mixtures can be homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on the distribution of the components. Mixtures can participate in reactions if the components within them are reactive. For instance, a mixture of acids and bases can undergo neutralization reactions, resulting in the formation of salts and water.In conclusion, cde self-reactants and mixtures play fundamental roles in chemical reactions. Compounds, dimers,and elements can act as self-reactants, undergoing reactions without the need for additional reactants. Mixtures, on the other hand, can participate in reactions if their components are reactive. Understanding these categories is crucial for comprehending the intricacies of chemical reactions.中文版cde自反应物和混合物类型在化学反应领域中，自反应物和混合物起着至关重要的作用。
characteristic element
characteristic elementWhat is a characteristic element? It can be described as an element that exhibits certain unique properties or characteristics. These characteristics can vary from element to element, but generally they are what makes each element distinct from others. In science, we are often interested in exploring the characteristics of elements to better understand their nature and properties.In physics, for instance, the element hydrogen has a unique characteristic called the proton. Protons are the fundamental particles that make up atoms, and they have a positive charge. This characteristic distinguishes hydrogen from other elements, such as oxygen or nitrogen, which have different particles. Understanding the properties of protons and other particles is crucial for explaining the behavior of atoms and how they combine to form matter.Another example is the element carbon, which has numerous characteristic properties. Carbon has a unique combination of electrons and nuclei that allows it to form strong chemical bonds with other elements. This characteristic allows carbon to form the backbone of many organic compounds, including polymers and biopolymers. Understanding carbon's propertiesis essential for developing materials such as plastics, polymers, and carbon nanotubes.The characteristics of an element can have profound implications for our lives. For instance, elements such as oxygen and nitrogen are essential for life to exist, as they are necessary for the production of cellular respiration. Other elements, such as iron, play crucial roles in ourbodies as well. Understanding the characteristics of these elements and their interactions with other substances is essential for developing effective medical treatments and nutritional supplements.The study of characteristic elements is also crucial for the development of technology. For instance, certain elements, such as silicon and germanium, are critical for the manufacture of semiconductors and transistors, which are essential for modern electronic devices. Understanding the characteristics of these elements and their interactions with other materials is fundamental to the development of next-generation electronics and other advanced technologies.Moreover, characteristic elements are also important for environmental studies and sustainability. For instance,certain elements such as phosphorus and nitrogen can behighly mobile in soil and water systems, leading to environmental pollution and ecological damage. Understanding these elements' characteristics and their interactions with other substances is crucial for developing effectiveenvironmental management strategies and mitigating environmental damage.In conclusion, characteristic elements play a crucial role in our understanding of nature and the world around us. They have unique properties that make them distinct from other elements, and these properties can have profound implications for our lives, both in terms of our physical well-being and in terms of technological advancements and environmental sustainability. Therefore, studying characteristic elements is essential for gaining a deeper understanding of the world and for developing effective solutions to address our challenges.In the future, it may be possible to use advanced techniques such as quantum computing to further explore the characteristics of elements and unlock their potential for new applications and technologies. Additionally, advances in materials science and nanotechnology may lead to the development of new materials that are optimized for specific applications based on the characteristics of their constituent elements. Understanding characteristic elements will continue to be an essential part of scientific exploration and innovation in the decades to come.。
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About us:
CHENGDELH CARBONACEOUS ELEMENTS FACTORY is located in the Imperial Summer Resort--Chengde City,China.We produce 20,000MTs of Dia 76mm--600mm graphite electrodes annualy and they are exported to Europe,America,Southeast Asia,Russia,India and other countries.Our products are both excellet in quality and reasonable in price.
We shall be glad to enter into business relations with your company and we will never forget the support and the development that you have given us!
Our products:
1),Regular Power Graphite Electrodes
Using quality bituminous coal and petroleum coke,
needle coke for raw materials.
Productions technology is by alcination,ingredients,
kneading, pressure-type, baking, pressure impregnation,
the second baking, graphitization, finely machining
processes.Our product quality accords with national
standard of China,YB/T 4088-2000.
3),Nipple
Used needle coke,after calcination. Be able to provide any power of graphite electrodes.
2),High Powder Graphite Electrodes Using quality bituminous coal and petroleum coke,needle coke imported from Japan for raw materials.Production technology with a high-power graphite
electrodes by calcination. ingredients, kneading, pressure-type, baking, pressure impregnation, the second baking,graphitization, finely machining processes .Our p roduct quality accords with national standard of
China,YB/T 4089-2000.
5),Graphite Powder
C: 98% min
S: low
It has very excellent in quality.
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Add : Hanmaying Town,Longhua County,Chengde City,Hebei Province,China POST: 068151
Tel : +86 314 7238440 +86 314 7238585
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Manager:Bruce Qi
Best regards.。