2016年中考复习八年级上册语法

2016年中考复习学案----八年级英语上册语法姓名:一.语法点拨：形容词、副词的比较等级和最高级的用法(形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词）1.原级：表示A与B在某方面相同, 句型：1) A + 谓+ as + 原级+ as + B表示A与B在某方面不同, 句型：2) A + 谓(否定) + as/so + 原级+ as + B注意：not as / so… as = less than 不如如. 1)This girl is as ____________ (beautiful) as that one. 2)You don’t eat so _________ (much) as I.3)This book isn’t as interesting as that one = This book is ___ ________ _____ that one2.比较级：两者进行比较（常与than连用）句型：A+谓语+比较级+than+B1)I am _________ (clever) than you. 2)He runs _________ （fast）than Jim.3)I picked ________ (many) apples than Jim. 4)Which is _____________ ( interesting), this one or that one? 3.最高级：三者（或三者以上）进行比较（常与表范围的in , of短语连用）( 注意：of + 个体名词单数in + 集合名词) 形容词最高级前用定冠词the,副词前一般不用，(但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、所有格时则不再加the)。

如. 1)Shanghai is the ________（big）city in China. 2)He runs ________ (fast) in our class.3)He is the ________ (tall) of the three boys. 4)Which is the ________ (easy), Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?4.形、副比较等级的其他用法1) “比较级and 比较级” 表示“越来越……”如. lazier and lazier 越来越懒(但注意：如果多音节词用此结构时应为more and more + 形、副) 如. more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮2) “the比较级，the比较级” “越……，越……”如. the more, the better 多多益善_________ you are, _______ you will get. 你越懒，收获越少。

3) “the比较级of +二者” “二者中较……的一个”如. 1) Lucy is the _________ (young) of the twins.4)表示二者相差多少用“具体数量+ 比较级”如. My brother is two years ________ (old) than me5)表示“是……几倍”时用“twic e; three times等+ as…as”如. 1)This book costs _______ (two) as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。

2)He has _____ _______ as many books as I have 他拥有的书是我拥有的四倍。

6)区别older / elder与farther / further , older（年龄较老的），elder（指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的）。

如. My ______ brother is ______ than me.farther (指距离“较远的”), further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)如.1)He went abroad for ________ studies. 2)Fusun is _________ from our school than Zhaohua.形、副比较等级还应注意:1.比较级前用a little ; much / a lot ; even / still来加强语气，表示“……一点儿；……得多；更……”如.1) a little bigger 大一点儿; 2)much more 多得多; 3)even heavier更重但注意：不能在比较级前加so; too; very; quite 2.个体与整体相比，不能包括个体，常用“any other + 单数名词”来进行比较。

如.1）Betty is cleverer than any other student in her class.=Betty is cleverer than anybody else in her class.=Betty is the cleverest in her class. (特别注意以上三种句型的转换)2)China is bigger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。

3) China is bigger than any other country in Asia. 中国比亚洲的任何一个其他国家大。

3.使用最高级时应把主语包括在范围内。

如. Mary is the _________ (tall) of all the sisters.4.表示“第二、第三……”时，可在最高级前加“second , third, …”（但“第一”不能用first）如. The Changjiang River is the first longest river in China. 改错：________________5.比较级必须是同类事物相比（即as; than后的词应与主语是同类事物），注意常用漏的代词有：that; those; one; ones如. 1)The apples in this basket are redder than __________ in that basket.2)This knife isn’t so new as that ______ . 3)Our classroom is bigger than ______ (Lily) .附：形、副比较级和最高级的变化规则(参见《中考先锋》82页另外：1) 以-er , -ow , -ble , -ple结尾的双音节词加er, est / r, st.narrow ________ ________ simple _________ _________ able _______ _______强化练习：( )1.Which language is __ , English, French or Chinese? A.difficult B.the difficult C.more difficult D.the most difficult ( )2.Yangpu Bridge is one of __ in the world A.bigger bridge B.the biggest bridge C.the biggest bridges D.bigger bridges ( )3.Tom is taller than Mike. But he is not __ Mike. A. strong as B. so strong as C. so strong D. as strong( )4.John drives as ___ as Tom. A. carefully B. good C. nice D. fine( )5.Is China larger than ____ in Africa. A.any country B.any other country C.any countries D.all countries( )6.Li Mei is more beautiful than ___ in her class. A.any girl B.any other girl C.all the girls D.any girls( )7.This film is ___ interesting than that one. A. more B. much C. very D. the most( )8The re is ___ in today’s newspaper.A. interesting nothingB. nothing interestingC. interested nothingD. nothing interested( )9.It seems that men are ____ making computers than women. A. better at B. good at C. well in D. weak in( )10. Jack didn’t run ___ to catch the bus. A. enough fast B. quickly enough C. enough slow D. slowly enough ( )11.The driver is very ___. He often drives his car _____.A. careful ; carefulB. carefully; carefullyC. carefully ; carefulD. careful ; carefully二、过去进行时语法点拨：时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time，或以when/while引导的时间状语从句（谓语动词是一般过去时）过去进行时的用法：1. 表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。

I was having a shower at that time. 那时我正冲澡。

2. 表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。

I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. 3.过去进行时在语境中的运用。

She didn't hear the doorbell. She was listening to the radio. 她没听见门铃响，她在听收音机。

4. 在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行。

Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.强化练习：一、用动词的适当形式填空1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us.2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in.3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.4. We ________ (test) the new machine when the electricity _______ (go) off.5. She ________ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ________ (all, work) in the fields.二、选择题( )1.I ______ a meal when you _____ me.A. cooked, were ringingB. was cooking, rangC. was cooking, were ringingD. cooked, rang( )2.He said he __ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time. A. tries B. tried C. was trying D. will try( )3.While she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.A. was watching, was hearingB. watched, was hearingC. watched, heard D was watching, heard( )4.They ___ a football game from 7 to 9 last night. A.were watching B.watch C.watched d.are watching ( )5.What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?A. did, read, was seeingB. did, read, saw C . were, reading, saw D. were, reading, was seeing( )6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green ___ ready to fly to England. A.are getting B.get c.were getting D.got ( )7.Lei Feng _____ always _____ of others when he ______ in the army.A is, thinking, was B. was, thinking, is C. did, think, is D. was, thinking, was( )8.A girl ______ my pen fall off the table when she _____ me.A. saw, passed B was seeing, passed C. was seeing, passed D. was seeing, was passing( )9.We ____ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.A were waiting, waiting B. were waiting, wait C. waited, waiting D. waited, wait( )10.He __ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday. A.helps B.would help C.was helping D.is helping 三．重点语法语法点拨：.enjoy doing sth. “喜欢做某事”。