中考命题研究(怀化)中考英语 语法专题突破 专题十一 动词的语态(无答案)
(怀化专版)中考英语命题研究 第二编 语法专题突破篇 专题十 动词的时态 第一节 时态的基本构成(精

专题十动词的时态,某某五年中考命题规律及趋势考纲要求1.现在进行时2.一般现在时3.一般过去时4.一般将来时5.过去进行时6.现在完成时时态年份题号选项设置提示词分值一般过去时201329 invent/inventing/wasinvented无1分现在进行时201662are________(sit)are 1分201327eat/areeating/ateLook 1分201226took/takes/are takingLook 1分过去进行时201428iswalking/waswalking/hasplayedwhen引导的时间状语从句主句时态1分现在完成时201627has beento/has gone sorry,heisn't in.1分to/went to201529change/changed/haschangedsince 引导的主句时态1分动词的时态是某某中考单项选择题中的高频考点。
语句设置多为一个单句,词数在10~15词,其语境设置不是很灵活,大多都有明显的时间状语提示。
现在完成时五年中考过两次;过去时,过去进行时五年中也分别考过一次;现在进行时五年中考了三次;一般现在时和一般将来时五年中没考过一次,为冷考点。
此外在翻译句子中也涉及对时态的考查,考查点主要为一般现在时。
预计2017年某某中考的单项选择仍会出现一道时态题,现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时考查的可能性很大。
第一节时态的基本构成,某某中考重难点突破【满分点拨】1.动词的五种基本形式变化表英语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数(现在式)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
形式构成例词动词原形没有经过任何变形,就是词典中一般给出的形式be,do,have,e第三人称单数一般在动词原形后直接加swork—worksread—reads以s,o,x,z,sh,ch结尾的动词,后加esgo—goeswash—washes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,fly—flies续表续表常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换:have closed/opened have been closed/openhave died have been deadhave left have been awayhave begun/started have been on续表短暂性动词延续性动词have finished/ended have been overhave bee have beenhave borrowed have kepthave bought have hadhave joinedhave been a member of/have been inhave left sp. have been away from sp.have fallen asleep have been asleephave put on have wornhave caught/got a cold have had a coldhave got to know have known2.常见6种时态的构成及用法种类意义构成特点时间标志词例句备注一般现在时1.现阶段经常性或习惯性动作2.目前的状态3.客观真理be用am/is/are;主语是第三人称单数时,作谓语的行为动词词尾加s/es;其他人称和数often,sometimes,usually,always,twice amonth,onSundays,everyweek/month/He usuallyleaves forschool at7 in themorning.他经常早上7点去学校。
中考英语命题研究 第二编 语法专题突破篇 专题十 动词的时态(精练)试题(2021学年)

(怀化专版)2017年中考英语命题研究第二编语法专题突破篇专题十动词的时态(精练)试题编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望((怀化专版)2017年中考英语命题研究第二编语法专题突破篇专题十动词的时态(精练)试题)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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专题十动词的时态( C )1.(2016河南中考)Everyone wants to reach the top of the moun tain,but all the happiness happens while you________it.A.climbB.climbed C.are climbing( A )2。
(2016玉林中考)—________you ever________Han Hong sing live?—Of course。
Acouple oftimes indifferent cities.A.Have;seen B.Did;seeC.Do;see( C )3.(2016安顺中考)—What would you like to have for supper,Ja ck?-Either noodles or rice________OK。
I don’tmind.A.areB.were C.is( B )4.(2016陕西中考)My mother________a good example for me since I was young.A.was B.has been C.will be(A )5。
中考英语专项提分复习专项 (十一)—动词的时态和语态

中考复习专项(十一)——动词的时态和语态1.(2020·重庆中考)Listen! Our teacher ______ in the music classroom.A.sings B.sang C.will sing D.is singing2.(2020·重庆中考)Don’t drink coffee before going to bed, or you ______ easily.A.don’t fall asleep B.won’t fall asleepC.didn’t fall asleep D.haven’t fallen asleep3.(2020·甘肃中考)I want a mobile phone which ______ good pictures.A.took B.is taking C.takes D.take4.My mother ________ a good example for me since I was young.A. wasB. has beenC. will beD. is5.When I was in primary school, the books ________ me to a wonderful world.A. broughtB. are bringingC. bringD. have brought6.(2020·吉林中考)Tom ______ when I called him yesterday.A.read B.is reading C.was reading7.(2020·重庆A卷中考)Another bridge over the Jialing River ______ last year.A.builds B.built C.is built D.was built8.(2020·海南中考)Many successful businessmen ______ to Hainan to give advice on how to build Hainan Free Trade Port.A.invite B.are invited C.are inviting9.(2020·扬州中考)—Have you tasted baozza, a mixture of pizza and baozi?—Sure.Thousands of baozza ______ at a baozi factory in Yangzhou each day next month.A.will make B.makes C.was made D.will be made10.(2020·泰州中考)This pair of trousers ______ smooth because they are made of Chinese silk.A.feels B.feel C.is felt D.are felt思考并总结:中考真题中关于动词的时态和语态的考点主要有哪些?你觉得自己哪一部分最需加强?请在下述思维导图中用红笔重点标出自己的易错点并分享出来。
中考英语(湖南省,人教版)复习课件:语法突破++专题十一+动词的语态

专题十一 动词的语态
直击中考考点 考情概览 考点精讲 现学现用
考情概览
分析湖南各地市近3年中考真题可以看出,被动语 态主要在单项填空中考查,完形填空中尚未设题。命 题点以一般现在时的被动语态和一般过去时的被动语 态为主,也会考查一般将来时的被动语态和含情态动 词的被动语态,较少考查现在进行时的被动语态。选 项设置上有以下两种:1. 选项有主动语态和被动语态; 2. 选项全是被动语态,且时态与语态综合考查。
有的同学听课时容易走神,常常听着听着心思就不知道溜到哪里去了;有的学生,虽然留心听讲,却常常“跟不上步伐”,思维落后在老师的讲解后。这两种情况都 不能达到理想的听课效果。听课最重要的是紧跟老师的思路,否则,教师讲得再好,新知识也无法接受。如何跟上老师饭思路呢?以下的听课方法值得同学们学习:
一、“超前思考,比较听课”
( 2014 年 3 次 、 词
这座桥将在一个月
2013益阳30题)
后竣工。
语态
被动结构
例词
现在进行时的
The proposal is
被动语态
be(am/is/are)+being+ being considered
( 2014 益 阳 29 动词的过去分词
now. 现 在 这 个 提
题)
案正在被考虑。
—He’s great! He has helped so many disabled people. A. was interviewed B. is interviewed C. is interviewing
3. —Tom! I looked for you everywhere at the party last night.
(怀化专版)中考英语命题研究第二编语法专题突破篇专题十动词的时态(精练)课件

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第十一章动词的语态(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳

第十一章动词的语态思维导图知识梳理一、语态概述英语动词除了有时态之外,还有语态,表示主语和谓语的不同关系.如果主语是动作的执行者,谓语动词用主动语态;如果主语是动作的对象,谓语动词则用被动语态.动作的执行者用“by”引导的短语表示,但往往被省略;动作的对象则充当了被动语态句中的主语.汉语中常用“挨”“被”“受”等词来表示这个意思.The boy broke the window.那个男孩把玻璃窗打碎了.(主动语态)The window was broken by the boy.这扇玻璃窗被那个男孩打碎了.(被动语态)They watched the children sing that morning.那天早上他们看着孩子们唱歌.(主动语态)The children were watched to sing that morning.那天早上,孩子们被观看唱歌.(被动语态)二、被动语态的构成“助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词”构成动词被动语态的形式.助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样.现以动词ask为例,列表如下:方式(一)一般现在时This kind of TV set is made in Guangzhou.这种电视是广州制造的.Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.汉语是世界上最多人讲的语言.(二)一般过去时The thief was arrested.小偷被抓住了.These pictures were taken on the Great Wall.这些照片是在长城拍摄的.(三)一般将来时Your watch will be repaired.你的表将会被修理好.The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon.班会下周六下午召开.(四)现在进行时A new road is being built outside my house.我们家门口正在修一条新路.The watch is being repaired.这只表正在修理.(五)过去进行时The bridge was being repaired when we passed it.我们过桥时,桥正在修.While the supper was being prepared,the light suddenly went out.正在做晚饭时,电灯突然灭了.(六)过去将来时They decided that invitations would not be sent out unless they were carefully checked.他们决定除非经过仔细校对,否则请柬不会发送出去.(七)现在完成时Your wallet has been found.你的钱夹已经找到了.Enough has been said here of this question.关于这个问题,这里已经谈得不少了.(八)过去完成时By1972a cooperative medical system had been set up in this area.到1972年这个地区已建立了合作医疗制度.When the anthem had been played,the Congress began.奏完国歌后,大会开始.四、被动语态的用法(一)不知道谁是动作的执行者,用被动语态My watch was stolen.我的手表被窃了.This jacket is made of cotton.这件夹克是棉制的.Her son was killed in World War II.她的儿子在第二次世界大战中战死.(二)没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者,用被动语态The children have been very well looked after.孩子们得到很好的照顾.A big building has been put up in my home town.我家乡已经建起一座大楼.Many thousands of trees must be planted every year.每年必须种很多树.This hat was made in China.这顶帽子是中国制作的.The bicycles must not be put here.这儿不准放车.(三)强调或突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态The letter was posted.信发了.She was asked to sing a song.她被要求唱支歌.He cannot be relied on.他不可靠.A liar is looked down upon.说谎的人被人看不起.(四)出于礼貌措辞等原因不愿说出动作的执行者Anyone who sees the lion is asked to telephone the zoo and the police.有谁看见这只狮子,请给动物园和警方打电话.You are wished to do it more carefully.希望你认真一点做.(五)为使句子结构简练、紧凑,上下连贯,也即出于行文的需要When he was still a young man,he was forced to leave his home land for political reasons.他年轻时,就由于政治原因被迫离开了祖国.Lenin often talked to his comrades and was always listened to attentively.列宁经常和同志们谈话,同志们总是留心听他说.(六)在文章标题、广告、新闻等中常用省略助动词be的被动语态Telephone call placed.(TCP)电话接通了.(省略了has been)Girls Wanted.招女工.(广告用语,省略了are)Road Blocked.道路堵塞.(新闻报道,省略了is)五、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态,其结构是:情态动词+be+过去分词.Young trees cannot be cut down.小树不可以砍伐.The exercises must be done in class.练习必须在课堂上做.This dictionary must be taken good care of.这本词典必须保管好.The time in class must be made good use of.上课的时间必须好好地利用.六、主动形式表示被动意(一)某些由及物动词转化来的不及物动词read,write,clean,wash,iron,burn,draw,cook,keep,cut,open,blow,peel,sell,act等,常和副词well,easily, smoothly等连用,且通常用主动结构表示被动含义.The pen writes well.这支笔很好写.(二)动词need,require,want,deserve,be worth后接v.-ing的主动结构常表被动含义This film is really worth seeing.这部电影的确值得看.The car needs cleaning.这辆汽车需要清扫了.(三)有些动词如:cook,print,do等,常用主动结构的进行时表被动含义The lunch is cooking.午饭正在烧.(四)某些系动词如feel,prove,smell,taste,sound等加上形容词,也可用主动语态表示被动意义.如:The food tastes delicious.这食物味道很美.七、主动语态变为被动语态的方法把主动语态的结构变为被动语态结构时,要做如下的变动:(一)主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语(二)主动结构的谓语动词由主动语态变为被动语态结构的谓语动词(be+动词的过去分词)(三)主动结构的主语变为介词“by”的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后.若动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时,by组成的短语就可以省略(四)主动语态变被动语态时,时态要保持一致(五)含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构,变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语,另一个不动.一般是将主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语,这样句子显得自然一些Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn't be taken away.阅览室的书和报纸都不能带走.This kind of bike is not made in our factory.这种自行车不是我们厂生产的.This picture can't have been drawn by him.这张画不可能是他画的.When was that book published?那本书是什么时候出版的?Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?会邀请我们参加开幕式吗?点拨(1)带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语.若将间接宾语转化成主语,则保留直接宾语;若将直接宾语转化成主语,则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for.常见的能接双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的词有:give,show,bring,lend,send(送,寄)等,这些词与介词to 搭配.还有buy,make,draw(画画)等,这些词与介词for搭配.We gave them some books.我们给了他们一些书.They were given some books.(变间接宾语为主语)Some books were given(to)them.(变直接宾语为主语)(2)含有宾语补足语的句子,宾语变为主语后,宾语补足语改为主语补足语,原来的位置一般不变.但如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式,句子变成被动语态后则要加to,以便将两个动词隔开.We keep food cold in the fridge.=→Food is kept cold in the fridge.我们用电冰箱保鲜食品.Every day the tiger makes one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat.=→Every day one of the smaller animals was made to bring the tiger something to eat.老虎每天强迫一个小动物给他带吃的东西来.(3)短语动词的被动语态短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组,在被动结构中也是如此,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词.The nurse takes good care of the children.阿姨很好地照顾小孩.The children are taken good care of by the nurse.孩子们受到保姆很好的照顾.八、系表结构和被动语态的区别(一)系表结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时,而被动结构可用于多种时态(二)系表结构中的过去分词常常有其固定的介词搭配,被动结构则没有(三)系表结构中的过去分词可被very等副词修饰;被动结构中的过去分词可用much修饰.比较:The husband was very agitated about his wife's health.丈夫为他妻子的健康状况深感不安.(系表结构)Milk,meat,eggs and vegetables are produced in the farm.这个农场盛产牛奶、肉,鸡蛋和各种蔬菜.(被动结构)They were asked to speak at the meeting.他们被邀请在会议上讲话.(被动结构)He was puzzled about it.他为那件事感到困惑.(系表结构)九、不能使用被动语态的情况(一)某些表示状态的及物动词作谓语时常见的表示状态的及物动词有have(有),fit(适合),suit(适合),hold(容纳),cost(花费)等.The room can hold100people.这个房间能容纳100人.(二)宾语是反身代词或相互代词、表示地点或处所的名词时,不可用于被动语态在黑暗中我们几乎看不到对方.We could hardly see each other in the dark.(✓)Each other could hardly be seen in the dark.(x)(三)宾语是不定式短语或动名词时汤姆喜欢听音乐.Tom enjoys listening to music.(✓)Listening to music is enjoyed by Tom.(x)好题精练一、将下列句子变为被动语态1.Everybody respects the brave old man.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.We elected Comrade Li head of our workshop.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.She can translate the difficult sentence into English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.We are turning China into a powerful industrial country.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.They asked her to tell a story.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.The brave old man is respected by everybody.rade Li was elected head of our workshop(by us).3.The difficult sentence can be translated into English by her.4.China is being turned into a powerful industrial country(by us).5.She was asked to tell a story.二、将下列句子变成主动语态1.We were told an interesting story by our teacher yesterday afternoon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.A kite is being made(by us)now.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.What was said by you at the meeting?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.Our homework must be finished first.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.A hole should be dug for the young tree.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Will the trees be watered every day?____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.Our teacher told us an interesting story yesterday afternoon.2.We are making a kite now.3.What did you say at the meeting?4.We must finish our homework first.5.We should dig a hole for the young tree.6.Shall we water the trees every day?三、选择填空1.The lost boy_________this early morning.A.foundB.was foundC.is foundD.are found2.That factory_________in1970.A.builtB.was builtC.is builtD.were built3.This medicine_________before dinner.A.should have tookB.ought have takenC.should have been eatenD.should have been taken4.When the speaker entered the hall,all the listeners_________.A.had seatedB.were seatedC.seatedD.were seating5.Many trees_________in spring every year.A.plantB.plantedC.are plantedD.be planted6.The People's Republic of China_________on Oct.1,1949.A.was foundingB.was foundedC.was foundD.finded7.Our classroom_________every day.A.cleansB.be cleanedC.cleanedD.is cleaned8.A radio_________in everyday life.eB.is usedC.are usedD.was used9.Children in China_________since1949.A.are taken good careB.have taken care ofC.took good care ofD.have been taken good care of10.The patient is well_________.A.took care ofB.taken care ofC.taken careD.take care of11.The room was_________smoke.A.filled withB.filledC.fill withD.is filled with12.His new book_________next month.A.will be publishedB.is publishingC.is being publishedD.has been published13.The sun_________at night as usual.A.can be seenB.can't be seenC.can't seeD.doesn't see14.A strange sound_________last night.A.was heardB.hearsC.heardD.is heard15.The door_________.Better have it repaired.A.isn't shutB.hasn't been shutC.isn't be shutD.won't shut答案:1-5BBDBC6-10BDBDB11-15AABAD四、翻译下列句子1.应该在春天种树.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.我的家乡将要建造许多大楼.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.教室必须每天清扫.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.这种书是为儿童写的.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.来信收到.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.这件外衣是棉的还是羊毛的?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.你的收音机三天内可以修好.8.黑板上的那匹马不可能是林涛画的.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.Trees should be planted in spring.2.Many buildings will be built in my home town.3.The classroom must be cleaned every day.4.Such books are written for children.5.Your letter has been received.6.Is this coat made of cotton or wool?7.Your radio can be mended within three days.8.The hore on the blackboard can't be drawn by Lin Tao.。
2015中考英语—第一部分 语法专题研究:专题十一动词的时态

专题十一 动词的时态
考点抢测
满分点拨
考点一 六种时态的用法及构成
考点二
时态的判断
方法突破
考点三
in 的区别
have been to, have gone to和have been
考点抢测 Ⅰ.词汇运用
1. Your uncle will come to see you as
行时;will swim一般将来时。根据问句yesterday
afternoon可知为一般过去时,故先排除B和D。at that time在那时,表明打电话期间正在游泳,所 以没有接电话。故选C。
2.—Do you know whether David will go cycling or not tomorrow? —David? Never! He ______ outdoor activities. A. hates C. is hating B. hated D. has hated
种类
意义
构成特点
时间标志词
例句
一般 过去 时 (考 查10 次)
a moment ago=just now, ...ago, last 表示 night/week/mon be用 过去 was/were; th...(last系列), 的动 yesterday, the 其他动词 作或 other day, used 用过去式 状态。 to, the day before yesterday
We went to the History Museum last Monday.上周 一我们去了历 史博物馆。I was busy yesterday.我昨 天很忙。
种类 意义 构成特点
(怀化专版)中考英语命题研究第二编语法专题突破篇专题十动词的时态第一节时态的基本构成(精讲)课件

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专题十一动词的语态
,怀化五年中考命题规律及趋势
考纲要求
1.一般现在时的
被动语态 2.一
般过去时的被动
语态 3.一般将
来时的被动语态
考查点年份题号选项设置分值情态动词的
被动语态
201528 allow/allowing/
be allowed
1分
201429 allow/allowing/
be allowed
1分
一般过去时被动语态
201329 invent/inventin
g/was invented
1分
201229 invented/invent
ing/was invented
1分
动词语态为怀化中考近五年单项选择题的必考点,且都与时态或情态动词相结合。
主要表现为一般过去时和情态动词的被动语态。
选项的设置均为一个动词的两种不同时态和不同语态,语境设置在近五年来很少出现明显的时间状语提示,需要分析语境或句意才能判断出选项,语句多为单句形式,词数多为9~13。
预计2016年怀化中考的单项选择题必定会出一道题考查被动语态,并与时态相结合。
,怀化中考重难点突破
【考点抢测】
( )1.Chinese ________ by more and more people from all over the world today.
A.learn B.learned
C.is learned
( )2.(2015永州中考模拟)Today,computers are really helpful.They ______ everywhere.
A.use B.are used C.used
( )3.Every year,more than 70,000,000 sharks ______ for their fins(鱼翅).
A.were killed B.have killed
C.are killed
( )4.The sport of basketball ________ by more than 100 million people in over 200 countries.
A.play B.played
C.is played
( )5.When I called the bus service,I ________ that there was no more bus.
A.was telling B.was told
C.has told
( )6.(2015长沙中考模拟)A new club ________ in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members.
A.starts B.is started
C.was started
( )7.The first Earth Day ________ in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.
A.celebrates B.celebrated
C.was celebrated
( )8.Alice ________ some advice on how to improve her listening skills,and she gladly accepted Miss Green's.
A.gave B.was given
C.gives
( )9.The task ________ in an hour.Then we can go home and have a good rest.
A.was finished B.will be finished
C.has been finished
( )10.I'm sure that stricter rules ________ to control smoking very soon.
A.made B.will make
C.will be made
【满分点拨】
1.动词语态的分类
英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
(1)主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
如:Many people speak English there.那儿很多人说英语。
(2)被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动词的对象。
如:Chinese is spoken by many people.汉语被很多人说。
(Chinese是动词speak的承受者)
2.被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词(用done表示)”构成。
常见的4种时态的被动结构如下:
3.主动语态变被动语态的方法
(1)图示
(2)口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动
(3)变换步骤:
①将主动句的宾语变为主语。
注意:如果主动句的宾语是代词,需将其由宾格变为主格。
如:Tom killed him.→He was killed by Tom.汤姆杀了他。
②将动词改为“be+过去分词”。
注意:be动词与新主语相一致,时态不变。
如:They held a meeting yesterday.→A meeting was__held by them yesterday.他们昨天开会了。
③将主动语态的主语改为by…放在谓语动词后。
注意:如果原主语是代词,则应由主格变为宾格。
如He sang a song.→A song was sung by__him.他唱了一首歌。
【方法突破】
分析怀化近5年考情发现,涉及语态的试题选项中通常有一个主动,一个动词ing形式和一个被动,并且有现在时态和过去时态。
学生在做题时,可从以下角度入手分析:
判断句子是主动语态还是被动语态
读懂句意,确定主语,判断主语表示人还是物,主语是动作的执行者还是承受者。
一般人作主语时,谓语动词用主动语态。
当主语为人时,需根据句意及谓语动词判断该动作是否是主语发出:若为主语发出,用主动语态;若不是主语发出,用被动语态。
物作主语的时候,谓语动词要用被动语态,由此可排除掉主动语态的选项。
对于被动语态来说,试题主要是让大家找出谓语动作的执行者或承受者,这就要根据句子的意思进行判断,然后根据句中的时间状语做出正确选择。
确定句子的时态
被动语态的使用离不开时态,所以应根据句中的时间状语、上下文的暗示或发生动作的时态来分析判断应使用哪种时态的被动语态。
再结合句意给出的时间状语或已发生动作的时态,选取对应的时态。
4.常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊结构
(1)含有双宾语(即直接宾语和间接宾语)的句子,多把间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语不变。
如:Jack told us the truth.→We were told the truth by Jack.杰克告诉了我们真相。
(2)主动语态中有些感官动词(如:hear,see,watch,notice等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时,要把不定式符号to还原。
即:hear(see) sb.do sth.→sb. be heard(seen)to do sth.如:We heard the girl play the piano in the music classroom.→The girl was heard to play the piano in the music classroom.我们听见那女孩在音乐教室弹钢琴。
(3)主动语态中有些使役动词(如:make,let等)后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态时,同样要把不定式符号to还原。
即:make sb.do sth.→sb. be made to do sth.如:The teacher makes his students do much homewor k every day.→His students are made to do much homework by the teacher every day.那位老师让他的学生每天做很多家庭作业。
5.不能使用被动结构的情况
(1)连系动词,如:look,feel,smell等,以主动形式表示被动含义。
如:The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
(2)有些动词的主动形式表被动含义,如:need doing(需要做某事),be worth doing(值得做某事)等。
如:Your bedroom is in a terrible mess.It needs cleaning right now.你的卧室太乱了,需要马上清理一下。
(3)表示“发生”的happen或take place,无被动结构。
如:The story happened on a cold night.故事发生在一个寒冷的夜晚。