COMLER静音机组英语版
电力术语英汉对照
电力术语英汉对照supercritical pressure boiler 临界压力锅炉subcritical pressure boiler 亚临界压力锅炉super-high pressure boiler 超高压锅炉steam boiler 蒸汽锅炉steam generator 蒸汽发生器wet bottom boiler 液态排渣锅炉dry bottom boiler 固态排渣锅炉coal-fired boiler 燃煤锅炉Gas-fired boiler 燃气锅炉oil-fired boiler 燃油锅炉natural circulation boiler 自然循环锅炉drum boiler 汽包（锅筒）锅炉controlled circulation boiler 强制循环锅炉once-through boiler 直流锅炉combined circulation boiler 复合循环锅炉cyclone furnace boiler 旋风炉fluidized bed combustion(FBC)boiler 沸腾炉circulating fluidized bed combustion(FBC)boiler 循环硫化床pressurized circulating fluidized bed combustion(PCFBC) boiler 增压循环硫化床锅炉chain-grate boiler 链条锅炉hot-water boiler 热水锅炉water-heat boiler heat recover steam generator(HRSG) 废热（余热）锅炉start-up boiler 启动锅炉auxiliary boiler 厂用锅炉refuse-fired boiler refuse incinerator 垃圾焚烧锅炉outdoor boiler 露天锅炉single furnace boiler 单炉膛锅炉twin furnace boiler 双炉膛锅炉tower boiler 塔式锅炉box-type boiler 箱式锅炉furnace wall 炉墙drum 汽包（锅筒）head 封头drum end plate drum head 汽包封头downcomer 下降管centralized downcomer 集中下降管distributed downcomer 分散下降管riser 上升管tube bundle 管束（排）tube platen 管屏economizer tube 省煤器管superheated tube 过热器管reheater tube 再热器管coil 蛇形管supporting tube 吊挂管inlet pipe 引入管outlet pipe 引出管saturated steam pipe 饱和蒸汽管water wall tube 水冷壁管finned tube fin tube gilled tube 鳍片管rifled tube grooved tube 内螺纹管moisture absorption piping 吸潮管water wall 水冷壁membrane wall 膜式水冷壁rifled tube water wall 内螺纹水冷壁header 联箱steam header 集汽联箱bailey wall refractory belt 卫燃带wall enclosure tube 包墙管（包覆管）slag screen feston tube 防渣管（弗斯顿管）boiler proper 锅炉本体boiler unit 锅炉机组boiler structure 锅炉构架boiler framework 炉膛furnace 燃烧器direct-flow burner 直流式燃烧器turbulent burner 旋流式燃烧器NOX low NOX burner 低燃烧器tilting burner 摇摆式燃烧器split burner 缝隙式燃烧器combustion chamber 燃烧室oil gun torch 油枪damper 风门primary air 一次风secondary air 二次风tertiary air 三次风pulverized coal piping 煤粉管道tube plate 管板boiling temperature 沸点superheater 过热器front platen superheater 前屏过热器rear plate superheater 后屏过热器convection superheater 对流过热器radiant superheater 辐射过热器plate superheater 屏式过热器ceiling superheater 顶棚过热器wall enclosure superheater 包墙过热器front wall enclosure superheater 前包墙过热器rear wall enclosure superheater 后包墙过热器side wall enclosure superheater 侧包墙过热器soot blower 吹灰器rotary soot bolwer 转动式吹灰器retractable soot blower 伸缩式吹灰器heating surface area heat absorption area 受热面积furnace volume 炉膛容积furnace heat release rate furnace heating absorption rate 炉膛热负荷steam separator moisture separator 汽水分离器starting separator 起动分离器recirculating piping 再循环管steam air heater 暖风器reheater 再热器primary reheater 再热器冷段final reheater 再热器热段ceiling 顶棚economizer 省煤器tube economizer 管式省煤器tubular air preheater 管式空气预热器regenerative air preheater rotary air preheater 回转式（再生式）空气预热器plate air preheater 板式空气预热器air preheater 空气预热器trisector regenerative air preheater 三分仓空气预热器air leakage coefficient 漏风系数air leakage ratio 漏风率air leakage system 漏风系统air leakage test 漏风试验safety valve 安全门opening pressure of safety valve 安全门开启压力safety valve reseating pressure 安全门回座压力pressure setting test of safety valve 安全门压力整定试验safety valve operating pressure 安全门动作压力saturated steam safety valve 饱和蒸汽安全门superheated steam safety valve 过热蒸汽安全门reheated steam safety valve 再热蒸汽安全门explosion vent 防暴门inspection hole 检查孔emergency water spray valve 事故喷水阀emergency drum drain valve 汽包事故放水阀three-way valve 三通阀back wash valve 反冲洗阀sampling valve 取样阀gate 插板feedwater overall bypass valve 给水大旁路门feedwater individual bypass valve 给水小旁路门plate girder upper beam 大板梁outer casing 外护板blowdown 锅炉排污intermittent blowdown flash tank 定期排污扩容器continuous blowdown flash tank 连续排污扩容器ash hopper 灰斗bottom ash hopper furnace hopper 冷灰斗mixer 混合器ring gear geared ring 齿圈（大牙轮）air conditioner 空调器air compressor 空气压缩机coal feeder 给煤机belt coal feeder 皮带式给煤机scraper coal feeder 刮板式给煤机paddle coal feeder 叶轮式给煤机pulverizer coal feeder 给粉机coal pulverizer coal mill 磨煤机tube mill 钢球磨煤机roller mill bowl mill disk roll mill 中速辊式磨煤机double inlet and outlet tube mill 双进双出钢求磨煤机medium speed mill 中速磨煤机beater wheel mill beater mill 风扇磨煤机pulverized coal exhauster 排粉风机primary air fan 一次风机gas recirculation fan 烟气再循环风机forced draft fan force fan 送风机induced draft fan induced fan 引风机centrifugal fan 离心风机axial-flow fan 轴流风机double speed fan 双速风机adjustable static-blade axial-flow fan 轴流静叶可调风机fixed pitch axial-flow fanadjustable moving-blade axial-flow fan 轴流动叶可调风机variable pitch axial-flow fanraw coal bunker raw coal silo 原煤斗pulverized coal bunker 煤粉仓pulverized coal conveyer 输粉机scraper pulverized coal conveyer 刮板输粉机pulverized coal screw conveyer 螺旋输粉机classifier 粗粉分离器cyclone separator 细粉分离器（旋风分离器）air lock flap 锁气器speed reduce 减速机observation hole 看火孔man hole 人孔门heavy oil pump 重油泵heavy oil heater 重油加热器biflux 汽汽热交换器gas tank 煤气罐expansion joint 膨胀补偿节direct firing pulverizing system 直吹式制粉系统bin storage type pulverizing system 中贮式制粉系统boiler efficiency 锅炉效率boiler thermodynamic calculation 锅炉热力计算boiler aerodynamic calculation 锅炉空气动力计算boiler water circulation calculation 锅炉水循环计算boiler hydrodynamic calculation 锅炉水力计算boiler strength calculation 锅炉强度计算boiler heat balance calculation 锅炉热平衡direct balance method 正平衡法indirect balance method 反平衡法excess air coefficient 过剩空气系数flue gas temperature 排烟温度specific evaporation 单位蒸量low temperature corrosion 低温腐蚀high temperature corrosion 高温腐蚀lagging 结渣deposit corrosion 结垢腐蚀fly ash erosion 飞灰磨损furnace draft 炉膛负压maximum permissible temperature 最高允许温度furnace pressure 炉膛正压water circulation 水循环circulation ratio 循环倍率dust collector precipitator 除尘器electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器rectifying device 整流装置rapping gear 锤打装置dust loading concentration 含尘浓度dust fineness 煤灰细度dust collection efficiency 除尘效率dry dust collector 干式除尘器wet dust collector scrubber 湿式除尘器venture scrubber 文丘里除尘器fabric filter bag house 布袋除尘器shot-cleaning device 钢珠除尘装置centrifugal scrubber 水膜式除尘器ash pump slag pump 灰渣泵shaft sealing pump 轴封泵ash slurry pump 灰浆泵dedusting pump 除尘水泵water recovery pond 回收水池clean water pond 清水池ash slurry pond 灰浆池oil pump pit 油泵坑ash silo 灰库ash yard 灰场ash yard dam 灰坝firebrick 耐火砖heat-insulating material 保温材料pneumatic pressure ash handling 干式除灰（气力除灰）hydraulic ash handling 水力除灰pneumatic pressure ash handling 正压气力除灰pneumatic pressure ash handling 负压气力除灰fluidizing transporter 仓式泵airslide air gravity conveyor 空气斜槽bottom and fly ash separate handling 灰渣分除bottom and fly ash mixed handling 灰渣混除bottom and fly ash recovery 灰渣利用bottom ash hopper 排渣槽submerged slag conveyor 埋刮板捞渣机screw slag conveyor 螺旋式捞渣机clinker grinder slag crusher 碎渣机vibrating screen 振动筛flame stabiliaer 稳燃器burner spiral case 燃烧器蜗壳atomization 雾化器mechanical atomization 机械雾化steam atomization 蒸汽雾化air atomization 空气雾化gas-solid two-phase flow 气固两相流动closed cycle 闭路循环carryoery 蒸汽带水boiler flame failure boiler flame blackout 炉膛灭火stable combustion 稳定燃烧pressure vessel 压力容器supports and hangers 支吊架raw coal piping 原煤管道air duct 风道hot air duct 热风道cold air duct 冷风道wall-through bushing wall-bushing 穿墙套管expansion joint 伸缩节pulverized coal feed piping 送粉管道fuel oil piping 燃油管道air piping 风管道primary air piping 一次风管道secondary air piping 二次风管道pulverized coal chute 落粉管ash piping 除灰管道gas dust gas pass 烟道convection flue gas pass 尾部烟道gas piping 煤气管continuous blowdown piping 连续排污管chimney stack 烟囱multi-flue chimney 多管式烟囱combustion 燃烧corner firing 四角喷射燃烧combustion rate 燃烧速度heat loss due to mechanical incomplete combustion 机械未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to chemical incomplete combustion 化学未完全燃烧热损失heat loss due to sensible heat in refuse 灰渣热损失heat loss due to flue gas 排烟热损失heat loss due to radiation 散热损失heat loss 热损失flame 火焰instable combustion 不稳定燃烧balance draft combustion 负压燃烧pressurized combustion 微负压燃烧furnace volume heat release rate 炉膛容积热负荷furnace temperature 炉膛温度boiler water circulation 锅炉水循环departure from nucleate boiling(DNB) 偏离泡核沸腾hydraulic test 水压试验priming 汽水共沸ignition 点火ignition preparation 点火准备firing point ignition temperature 着火点nose 折焰角fly ash 飞灰fineness of pulverized coal 煤粉细度ash 灰ash fushion temperature ash fushion point ash melting point 灰的熔化点grindability index 可磨系数maximum evaporation 最大蒸发量boiler heat balance 锅炉热平衡overload operation 超负荷运行positive pressure 正压negative pressure 负压theoretical air quantity 理论空气量excess air quantity 过剩空气量cold air 冷风hot air 热风slag removal 除渣flue gas 烟气boiler water filling 锅炉上水tube burst due to creep 蠕胀爆管overfeed of water into drum 汽包满水boiler fire extinction 锅炉灭火puff 爆燃explosion 爆炸（外爆）implosion 内爆anti-explosion 防爆pulverized coal self-ignition pulverized coal 煤粉自燃spontaneous combustionash fouling 堵灰coal jamming coal plugging 堵煤firing tangential circle 燃烧切圆flame center 火焰中心pulverized coal deposits 积粉ash deposits 粉灰combustibles in fly ash 飞灰可燃物fuel oil for ignition 点火用油fly ash corrosion 飞灰腐蚀heating surface 受热面radiation heating surface 辐射受热面convection heating surface 对流受热面rear heat recovery surface 尾部受热面oxygen content 含氧量evaporation evaporative capacity 蒸发量air switch-over 切换风coal consumption rate 煤耗率heating value of the as fired coal 入炉煤发热量boiler shutdown 停炉fire-off 熄火recovery of ash slurry water 灰水回收fine ash 细灰coarse ash 粗灰dry ash 干灰wet ash 湿灰combustion system firing system 燃烧系数coal pulverizing system 制粉系统ash handling system 除灰系统steam turbine 汽轮机condensing steam turbine 凝汽式汽轮机back pressure turbine 背压式汽轮机steam extraction turbine 抽汽式汽轮机reheating type steam turbine 中间再热式汽轮机steam supply turbine heat supply turbine cogeneration turbine 供热式汽轮机impulse turbine 冲动式汽轮机reaction turbine 反动式汽轮机axial flow turbine 轴流式汽轮机radial flow turbine 辐流式汽轮机tandem compound turbine single-shaft turbine 单轴汽轮机double-shaft turbine cross compound turbine 双轴汽轮机topping turbine 前置式汽轮机gas turbine 燃气轮机high pressure turbine 高压汽轮机medium pressure turbine 中压汽轮机low pressure turbine 低压汽轮机ultra pressure turbine 超高压汽轮机subcritical pressure turbine 亚临界压力汽轮机supercritical pressure turbine 超临界压力汽轮机air cooled turbine unit 空冷式汽轮机组gas turbine unit 燃气轮机组（装置）high-pressure(HP) cylinder 高压汽缸intermediate-pressure(IP) cylinder 中压汽缸low-pressure(LP) cylinder 低压汽缸inner casing 内汽缸outer casing 外汽缸upper casing 上汽缸lower casing 下汽缸cylinder flange heating appliance 汽缸法兰螺栓加热装置cylinder sole pin 汽缸台板（底板）cylinder claw 汽缸猫爪sliding pin 滑销traverse pin 横销longitudinal pin 纵销vertical pin 立销aligning pin locating pin 定位销turbine rotor 汽轮机转子blade disc 叶轮blade bucket 叶片moving blade 动叶片stationary blade 静叶片type of blade root 叶根型式length of last stage blade 末级叶片长度nozzle box 喷嘴室last stage blade stress 末级叶片强度steam exhaust hood 排汽室nozzle 喷嘴shroud ring 围带lacing wire 拉筋（拉金）balance weight 平衡块dowel 固定螺钉diaphragm 隔板diaphragm sleeve 隔板套diaphragm seal diaphragm sealing 隔板汽封steam seal gland steam sealing 汽封labyrinth seal 迷宫式汽封serrate-type steam seal 梳齿式汽封seal bushing 汽封套seal block 汽封块seal tooth 汽封齿bearing stoll bearing bracket 轴承支架main bearing box 主轴承箱ball bearing 滚珠轴承roller bearing 滚柱轴承sliding bearing 滑动轴承thrust bearing 推力轴承thrust collar 止推环bearing pillow 瓦枕lock 锁饼thrust bearing pad 推力瓦块main oil pump 主油泵emergency bearing oil pump 备用油泵regulation oil pump speed governing oil pump 调速油泵AC lube oil pump 交流润滑油泵DC lube oil pump 直流润滑油泵oil injector 注油器synchronizer 同步器synchronizer hand wheel 同步器手轮pilot valve 控制滑阀servo-valve 随动滑阀distributing pilot valve distributor valve 分配滑阀intermediate valve 中间滑阀differentiator 微分器load limiter 功率限制器dynamic corrector 动态校正器valve sleeve 滑阀套oil nozzle 喷油嘴flexible governor 弹性调速器governor stop 调速器挡块emergency trip pilot valve 危急遮断器滑阀ram 撞击子fire protection pilot valve 防火滑阀delay pilot valve 延滞滑阀follow-up pilot valve 跟踪滑阀- electro-hydraulic converter electro-hydraulic transducer 电液转换器change-over pilot valve 切换滑阀emergency governor 危急保安器emergency governor pilot valve 危急保安器滑阀overspeed test pilot valve 超速试验滑阀nozzle test pilot valve 喷油试验滑阀feedback pilot valve 反馈滑阀oil drain valve at star-up 起动排油阀emergency oil relieve valve 紧急放油阀oil diacharge outlet 排油口throttle pilot valve 节流滑阀movable pilot valve 滑动油阀high-pressure automatic closing gear 高压自动关闭器medium pressure automatic closing gear 中压自动关闭器high-pressure hydraulic actuator high-pressure servo-motor 高压油动机（高压伺服马达）medium-pressure hydraulic actuator medium-pressure servo-motor 中压油动机lever 杠杆shaft 轴main shaft 主轴driven shaft 传动轴(主动轴)driven shaft 被动轴（从动轴）axle 小轴coupling 联轴器rigid coupling 刚性联轴器semi-flexible coupling 半挠性联轴器serrated coupling 齿型联轴器oil cooler 冷油器oil overflow valve 溢油器oil-fume extractor oil fume exhaust 排油烟机oil-fume separator 油烟分离器oil purifier oil conditioner 油净化器filtering tank 过滤罐bag filter fabric filter 布袋式过滤器gear oil pump 齿轮油泵jacking oil pump 顶轴油泵piston type oil pump 柱塞式油泵worm type oil pump 螺杆式油泵turning gear 盘车装置turning gear hand wheel 盘车手轮lagging enclosure 化桩板gear 齿轮spur gear 直齿式齿轮helical gear 斜齿式齿轮bevel gear 伞型齿轮worm wheel 蜗轮worm stem 蜗杆spring 弹簧sealing oil tank 密封油箱air side AC sealing oil pump 空气侧交流密封油泵air side DC sealing oil pump 空气侧支流密封油泵differential pressure valve 压差阀balancing valve 平衡阀sealing pad 密封瓦buffer oil tank 缓冲油箱head oil tank elevated oil tank 高位油箱emergency oil tank 事故油箱magnetic filter 磁性过滤器generator inner cooling water tank 发电机内冷水箱generator inner cooling water pump 发电机内冷水泵ion exchanger 离子交换器dryer drier 干燥器condensing type drier 冷凝式干燥器condenser 凝汽器multi-pressure condenser 多压式凝汽器single-pass condenser 单流程凝汽器double-pass condenser 双流程凝汽器brass tube 黄铜管tube plate 管板condenser throat 凝汽器喉部hot well 热水井condensate pump 凝结水泵pump casing 泵壳gland packing 盘根gland top cover 盘根压盖gland end cover 盘根端盖packing 填料shaft seal extraction fan 轴封抽汽风机shaft seal extraction cooler gland cooler 轴封抽汽冷却器shaft seal leakage heater 轴封漏汽加热器low-pressure feed water heater 低压加热器media-pressure feed water heater 中压加热器high-pressure feed water heater 高压加热器steam cooler 蒸汽冷却器drain water cooler 疏水冷却器steam side 汽侧water side 水侧U U-tube 型管deaerator 除氧器water storage pond 储水池horizontal type deaerator 卧式除氧器vertical type deaerator 立式除氧器atomizing type deaerator 喷雾式除氧器water spraying tray sprinkling tray 淋水盘deaerated water tank 除氧水箱surge water tank stabilizing water tank 稳压水箱demineralized water tank 除盐水箱demineralized water pump 除盐水泵steam-driven feed water pump 汽动给水泵motor-driven variable speed feed water pump 电动调速给水泵booster pump 前置水泵feed water pump 给水泵mechanical seal 机械密封carbon seal ring carbon packing ring 碳精密封环moving ring 动环static ring 静环balancing disc 平衡盘hydraulic coupler 液力偶合器pump impeller driving impeller 泵轮（主动轮）whirling impeller driven impeller 涡轮（从动轮）scoop tube 勺管auxiliary oil pump 辅助油泵drain pump 疏水泵drain flash tank 疏水扩容器drain tank 疏水箱heater for heating network heating network hot water heater 热网加热器raw water heater 生水加热器pump for heating network heating network hot water pump 热网水泵raw water pump 生水泵pump for scrubber scrubber water pump 除尘水泵case shell 壳体water chamber 水室end cover 封头baffle plate 挡板guide plate 导流板water jet pump 射水泵vaccum pump 真空泵water jet air ejector 射水抽气器steam jet air ejector 射汽抽气器water jet pond 射水池drain water pond 排水池industrial water pump service water pump 工业水泵blowdown pump 排污泵axial flow pump 轴流泵clean water pump 清水泵sewage pump 污水泵water discharge pump 排水泵vertical deep-well pump 立式深井泵deep-well pump 深井泵submerged pump 潜水泵circulating water pump 循环水泵trash remover 清污机mixed flow pump 混流泵centrifugal pump 离心泵rotating type screen screw type strainer 旋转滤网rubber ball recirculating pump 胶球泵ball screen 收球网ball collector 装球网tubular cooler tube type cooler 管式冷却器supporting wedge 支撑斜钢plate type cooler 板式冷却器cooling water pond 冷却水池spraying water pond 喷水池cooling tower 冷却水塔natural draft cooling tower 自然通风冷却塔reverse flow cooling tower 逆流式冷却塔transverse flow cooling tower 横流式塔mechanical draft cooling tower 机力通风冷却塔air cooling tower 空气冷却塔dry cooling tower 干式冷却塔water diversion channel 分水槽shaft well 竖井gate well 闸板井gate chamber gate house 闸门室air baffle plate 挡风板main steam piping live steam piping 新（主）蒸汽管道main steam system 主蒸汽系统reheat steam syetem 再热蒸汽系统extraction steam system 抽汽系统shaft seal steam supply system 轴封供汽系统shaft seal 轴封valve lever leakage steam system 门杆漏汽系统casing flange and bolt heating system 汽缸法兰螺栓加热系统vaccum system 真空系统condensate system 凝结水系统reheat steam system 再热蒸汽管道feed water system 给水系统circulating water system 循环水系统industrial water system service water system 工业水系统oil supply system 供油系统seal oil system 密封油系统auxiliary steam system 厂用蒸汽系统speed governing system 调速系统electro-hydraulic speed governing system 电液调速系统generator inner cooling water system 发电机内冷水系统heating network system 热网系统steam lead pipe 导汽管inter-connecting pipe 连通管steam extraction pipe 抽汽管道steam extraction header 抽汽母管plant service steam piping 厂用蒸汽管道plant service steam header 厂用蒸汽母管steam bypass system 蒸汽旁路系统single stage steam bypass 蒸汽大旁路first stage steam bypass 一级蒸汽旁路second stage steam bypass 二级蒸汽旁路auxiliary steam header 辅助蒸汽母管steam header 供汽联箱return steam header 回汽联箱water supply header 供水联箱return water header 回水联箱valve lever steam leakage piping 门杆漏汽管道shaft seal leakage steam piping 轴封漏汽管道air extraction piping 抽空气管道compressed air piping 压缩空气管道hydrogen piping 氢气管道drain water piping 疏水管道condensate piping 凝结水管道circulating water piping 循环水管道industrial water piping service water piping 工业水管道cooling water piping 冷却水管道feed water piping 给水管道demineralized water piping 除盐水管道attemperating water piping 减温水管道recirculating water piping 再循环水管道water discharge piping 排水管道lube oil supply piping 润滑油供油管道lube oil piping 润滑油管governing oil piping 调速油管return oil piping 回油管道pressure oil piping 压力油管道seal oil piping 密封油管道pulsating oil piping 脉动油管heating network water piping 热网水管道balance pipe 平衡管motor-operated main gate valve 电动主闸门high-pressure main stop valve 高压主汽门intermediate pressure main stop valve 中压主汽门bypass valve 旁路门corrosion-proof valve 防腐汽门high-pressure governor valve 高压调速汽门medium pressure governor valve 中压调速汽门atmospheric relief valve 对空排汽门drain valve 疏水门adjusting valve 调整门motor-operated valve 电动门hand-operated valve 手动门attemperator desuperheater 减温器pressure reducer(valve) 减压器（阀）temperature and pressure reducer 减温减压器motor-operated steam extraction valve 抽汽电动门extraction check valve 抽汽逆止门high-pressure exhaust check valve 高压排汽逆止门check valve non-return valve 逆止门inlet valve 入口门outlet valve 出口门globe valve 球型阀gate valve 闸板阀needle valve 针型阀tripper valve 翻板阀hydraulic valve 液压阀control valve 控制阀reverse flow valve 换向阀drain valve 疏水阀butterfly valve 蝶阀rubber lined valve 衬胶门composite valve at high pressure heater inlet 高压加热器入口联成阀composite valve at high pressure heater outlet 高压加热器出口联成阀high pressure heater bypass valve 高压加热器旁路门water seal valve 水封阀门blow down valve 排污门exhaust steam valve 排气门exhaust steam valve 排汽门water supply valve make-up water valve 补水门oil valve oil supply valve 补油门hydrogen supply valve 补氢门air valve 空气门vacuum breaking valve vacuum breaker 真空破坏阀exhaust steam safety valve 排汽安全门spring relief valve 弹簧安全门exhaust cylinder water-spraying valve 排汽缸喷水门solenoid valve magnet valve 电磁阀front intercept valve 前截门rear intercept valve 后截门hydrogen vent valve 排氢门intermediate stage bleed-off valve 中间抽头门minimum flow valve 最小流量阀pump warming valve 暖泵门pump-body water drain valve 泵体放水门water discharge valve 放水门attemperating water valve 减温水门change-over valve diverting valve 切换门interconnection valve 联络门hydraulic check valve 液压逆止门reboiled heating valve 再沸腾加热门air vent valve 放空气门recirculation valve 再循环门cooling water valve 冷却水门thermal efficiency heat efficiency 热效率internal efficiency 内效率rated operation condition 额定工况maximum operation condition 最大工况steam consumption 汽耗量steam consumption rate 汽耗率specific heat consumption heat rate 热耗率initial steam pressure live steam pressure 新蒸汽压力cold reheated steam pressure 再热蒸汽冷段压力hot reheated steam pressure 再热蒸汽热段压力hot reheated steam temperature 再热蒸汽热段温度cold reheated steam temperature 再热蒸汽冷段温度steam flow 主蒸汽流量reheated steam flow 再热蒸汽流量low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam flow 低压缸排汽流量rotating speed revolution 转速vaccum 真空度rotation direction 旋转方向feedwater temperature 给水温度pressure at velocity stage 调节级压力critical speed 临界转速lifting weight 吊装重量speed variation rate 速度变化率delay rate 迟缓率cam torque angle 凸轮转角superheat degree 过热度temperature difference 温差terminal temperature difference 端差supercooling degree 过冷度high pressure heater availability rate 高压加热器投入率axial shift axial displacement 轴向位移shaft swinging value shaft eccentricity 大轴晃动值high-pressure cylinder expansion 高压缸膨胀intermediate pressure cylinder expansion 中压缸膨胀low pressure cylinder expansion 低压缸膨胀governing oil pressure 市政速油压lubricating oil pressure 润滑油压impulse oil pressure 脉动油压additional safeguard oil pressure 附加保安油压oil pressure above pilot valve 滑阀上油压oil pressure under pilot valve 滑阀下油压lubricating oil temperature 润滑油温bearing return oil temperature 轴承加油温度babbit metal temperature bearing metal temperature 轴承钨金温度thrust pad temperature 推力瓦块温度seal oil pressure 密封油压oil level 油位oxygen content of water 水中含氧量condensate hardness 凝结水硬度shaft(bearing) vibration amplitude 轴承振动值vertical vibration amplitude 垂直振动值horizontal vibration amplitude 水平振动值axial vibration amplitude 轴向振动值oil film oscillation oil whipping 油膜振荡impulse starting 冲转cold start 冷态启动hot start 热态启动starting at sliding parameters sliding pressure starting 滑参数启动shut-down at sliding parameters sliding pressure shut-down 滑参数停机speed up 升速percentage of maximum momentary speed variation 升速率speed-up rateloading rate 负荷上升率base load 基本负荷peak load regulating operation cyclic operation 调峰运行idling idle running 空转hand trip turbine hand trip 手动打闸停机turbine warming up 暖机minimum turning time 最短盘车时间low speed warming 低速暖机medium speed warming 中速暖机starting curve at sliding parameters 滑参数起动曲线sliding pressure starting-up curveshut-down curve at sliding parameters 滑参数停机曲线sliding pressure shut-down curvefull admission 全周进汽partial admission partial-arc admission 部分进汽nozzle governing 喷嘴调节throttle governing 节流调节vaccum breaking 破坏真空cylinder metal temperature 汽缸金属温度sound detection 听音检查idling time 惰走时间overspeed test 超速试验vaccum leakage test 真空严密性试验main steam stop valve leakage test 主汽门严密性试验emergency governor oil filling test 危急遮断器充油试验low oil pressure protection test 低油压保护试验governing system pre-operation test 调速系统静止试验governing system dynamic performance test 调速系统动态特性试验governing system static performance test 调速系统静态特性试验load-dump test load-rejection test 甩负荷试验no-load test 空负荷试验full-load test 满负荷试验overload test 超负荷试验rotor balancing test 转子平衡试验dynamic balancing 动平衡static balancing 静平衡thermodynamic test 热力试验blade frequency test 叶片频率试验to be put into operation 投入运行opening 开启closing 关闭starting-up 启动shutting down 停止hydrogen charging 充氢hydrogen discharging 排氢water make-up 补水oil make-up 补油water level regulation 水位调整warming 暖管hand synchronizer 手摇同步器inspection examination 检查routing inspection 巡检carry-over 蒸汽带水hydraulic shock water hammer 水击overspeed 超速bearing burnt-out 轴承损坏（烧瓦）broken blade 断叶片broken shaft 断轴cavitation 气蚀reversal rotation 反转（倒转）regulation stage 调节级pressure stage 压力级vaccum extraction 抽真空turning 盘车flange heating 法兰加热bolt heating 螺栓加热steam leakage 漏汽water leakage 漏水carbon packing 炭精轴封smoking smoke belching 冒烟fire catching fire 着火strong vibration 强烈振动piping breaking 管道破裂no-steam operation 无蒸汽运行choking plugging blocking 堵塞abnormal sound 异音steam supply for shaft sealing 轴封供汽nonhomogeneous expansion 膨胀不均normal condition 正常状态cleaning 清洗operation 操作mechanical seal water 机械密封水gland cooling water 盘根冷却水water seal 水封circulation ratio 循环倍率vaccum down vaccum reduced 真空度降低/ oil baffle /油挡/ oil waper /刮油板acid cleaning pickling 酸洗deflection 扰度disassembly 解体assembly 组装maintenance 检修joint surface 结合面grinding 研磨bearing shoe grinding bearing pad fitting 刮瓦tightening force 紧力clearance gap 间隙fastening bolt 紧固螺栓cold spring 冷紧hot spring 热紧emergency blowdown valve 危急放汽阀bolt electric heating rod 螺栓加热棒dismantling 拆开top 顶部casing lifting cylinder lifting 吊汽缸cylinder covering 汽缸扣盖deformation 变形elastic deformation 弹性变形shunt ring 分流环expansion ring 膨胀圈top thread 顶丝oil baffle 油挡flow part 通流部分bearing neck up-rising inclination 轴颈扬度bearing neck dipping inclination 轴颈下沉bridge gauge 桥规burr 毛刺crack 裂纹fracture depth 断裂深度wall thickness 壁厚shrinking fit 套装electro-spark hardening 电火花强化balancing hole 平衡孔blade top 叶片顶部blade vibration 叶片振动rusting 锈蚀thrust disk collar 推力盘loosening 松动shaft crook shaft bending 轴弯曲wear 磨损axial 轴向radial 径向arc section 弧段back arc profile 背弧cylinder groove 汽缸洼窝steam-flow direction 汽流方向oil film 油膜concentricity 同心iron cushion packing iron plate adjusting pad 垫铁spherical 球面operating pad 工作瓦块non-operating pad 非工作瓦块replacement of parts 更换部件oil chamber 油腔oil hole 油孔centering 找正alignment 找中心differential expansion 胀差sealing glue 密封胶tube expansion 胀管dismantle 拆除expansion dead point 膨胀死点mechanism 机构flexible flexibility 灵活stroke travel 行程displacement 位移rack rackbar 齿条valve lever valve stem 阀杆valve seat 阀座pre-lifting valve 预起阀sole plate 台板spring hanger 弹簧吊架floating displacement 端面瓢偏six-element ring 六合环four-element ring 四合环air cooling zone 空气冷却器condensing zone 凝结区tube support plate 肋板tube bundle 管束oil whipping oil film vibration 油膜振动oil filter 滤油机pressure oil filter 压力式滤油机vacuum oil filter 真空滤油机cooling surface area 冷却面积surface type heat exchanger 表面式热交换器mixed type heat exchange 混合式热交换器turbine hall overhead crane 汽机房行车turbine pedestal 汽机基座turbine sole plate 汽机台板turning motor 盘车电动机main steam stop valve 主汽门governing valve 调速汽门bypass device 旁路装置speedometer tachometer 转速表hydraulic servomotor 油动机electronic-hydraulic control system 电液调节系统。
Cooper Wheelock HMX高层建筑声音逃生系统说明书
CW-HMX High Rise Voice Evacuation SystemFeatures:•True Multiplex 6 Channel Networked Audio •Integrated Fire Phone and Area of Refuge capable Modular System - components added as needed •Integrated 2 Channel Digital Message Repeater •Live Microphone Page to any zone •Fast RS-485 Communication Protocol •Fully Supervised•Easy Installation and Operation •Natural Sound Voice Recordings •Built in Alarm and Alert Signals •Up to 4 Minute Message Capacity•Works with 12VDC or 24VDC Fire Alarm Panel •Works with Analog/Addressable and•Microprocessor based Fire Alarm Panels.3 Minute Message Restart on Microphone Key •Made in the USA.Description:The Cooper Wheelock HMX High Rise Evacuation System operates in conjunction with the Fire Alarm Control Panel (FACP) in a building to provide automatic response to life safety emergencies.The Cooper Wheelock HMX includes all necessaryfeatures to provide an effective voice evacuation system. The Cooper Wheelock HMX can be custom configured to satisfy the needs of any high rise application.Fire department authorities can easily take command of evacuation or relocation procedures and emergencies. Building management and fire brigades can monitor and control emergency response even before the professionals arriveThe HMX system includes capacity for 6 channels of simultaneous audio. This provides for evacuation, stay-in-place, or other public address announcements and automatic messages.Fire Fighter Phones or Warden Stations may be included as required. Area-of-Refuge stations can reassure handicapped occupants that help is on the way.System Configuration:Basic System Includes: Master Panel (HMX-MP) Master Mic Control 16 switch control points Dual Channel DMRHigh speed communication loopDistributed Panel (HMX-DP)4 Output Zones (may be configured for 8) Dual Channel Audio Interface Dual Channel Amplification OptionalIntegrated Fire Phone Area-of-RefugeFiber Optic Network CapableN umber of distributed panels to be Determined by building specificationsMaximum System ConfigurationUp to 256 Distributed Panels (HMX-DP)LISTED #S5661277-96-E6911-1446:103JSBNovember 2017CW-HMX True-Multiplex System Capabilities------2 JSB November 2017CW- HMX-DPDistributed PanelVoice EvacuationSpeaker CircuitsCW-H MXHigh Rise Multiplex 11 Floor Typical Riser DiagramRS 485 DATA L OOPCW-H MXSPARCWHMX-DPSSPSARSPSSPSBasement1st Floor2nd Floor4th Floor5th Floor3rd Floor6th Floor7th Floor8th Floor9th Floor10th Floor11th FloorSPARCWHMX-DPSSPSARSPSSPSARARSPARCWHMX-DPSSPSARSPSSPSARARCWHMX-MPS PARSpeaker, Speaker/Strobe Fire Fighter Phone JackArea of Refuge StationNetComm Loop:- Unshielded Twisted Pair (Low cap.) (18/2 min)- 4,000 Feet max. between panels- Data and 6 Audio Channels Simultaneously - High Speed RS-485 Communications - Style “6” or Style “7” Field Selectable - Separate communication run not to be installed with any other data source3JSBNovember 2017EatonEMEA Headquarters Route de la Longeraie 7 1110 Morges, Switzerland Eaton.eu© 2017 EatonAll Rights Reserved Publication No. November 2017Eaton is a registered trademark.All other trademarks are propertyof their respective owners.Distributed panels shall provide a minimum of 4 Class “B” speaker circuits, expandable to sixteen total. Alternately, panel may be configured for 4 Class “A” speaker circuits, up to 8 total. Panel may be configured for 1 to 8 amplifiers. Panel must provide up to 6 simultaneous audio channels, up to 16 Fire Phone circuits or Area of Refuge circuits. Amplifiers will contain their own power supplies, battery chargers and provide auxiliary power for other components. Speaker circuits shall be supervised for short and open circuit conditions, and shall be able to withstand transient or continuous short-circuit conditions without damage to the system. System may be configured for General Alarm All Call operation, Alarm by Zone or Floor Above / Floor Below as required. Contact closures shall allow immediate broadcast of an alarm signal and evacuation message to the appropriate area. Non-Alarm areas may receive alert tones and messages as required or activated by the FACP.The alarm signal/evacuation message shall be broadcast untilthe FACP is reset, or until emergency personnel interrupt the broadcast with a manual page.To prevent unauthorized tampering, the voice evacuation system shall disable the microphone if the microphone is keyed continuously for 3 minutes or more. Systems that do not have this feature shall not be acceptable.Engineering Speci icationsCW-H MX High Rise Voice Evacuation SystemThe voice evacuation system shall be Eaton's CW-HMX High RiseVoice Evacuation System or approved equal.The CW-HMX system shall include one Master Panel and one ormore Distributed Panels. The system shall be microprocessorbased, and shall be compatible for use with contact closures fromthe Fire Alarm Control Panel, (FACP).The system shall have a high-speed communication bus and havethe capacity for 6 channels of audio and data on a single pair ofwires. The field wiring for the communication bus maybe configured for either Style “6” or Style “7” supervision.The system shall have the capacity for Fire Fighters Phone andArea-of-Refuge communication.The Master Panel shall contain an integral microphone, dualchannel digital message repeater, (DMR) and digital tonegenerator, 120 VAC power supply, and battery charger. Thesystem shall be modular in design, and shall be expandable suchthat additional system control points may be configured. Thesystem shall include integral self-diagnostic routines that shallcontinually monitor system status, and shall indicate the precisetype of trouble conditions should they occur in the system. Atrouble condition within the system shall cause a trouble indicationto be transmitted to the FACP.Note:Specifications are subject to change without notice. Specificationsare provided for information only and no responsibility is assumed by Eatonfor their use.JSB November 2017。
船用设备中英文
1、救生设备：Life-Saving Appliances救生/救助艇：Lifeboat/Rescue Boat救生/救助艇架：Lifeboat/Rescue Davit救生/救助艇、筏收放绞车：Lifeboat/Rescue Davit Winche救生衣:Life Raft Jacket气胀式救生筏：Inflatable Life Raft浸水保温救生服：Immersion Suit静水压力释放器：Automatic Hydrostatic Releases Unit救生圈：life buoy抛仑留器：line-throwing appliance降落伞、火箭信号：parachute flare手持红火号：hand flare漂浮烟雾信号: buoyant smoke light singal救生圈自亮浮灯：life buoy self-igniting light海上撤离系统：marine eracuation system抗暴露服:anti-exposure suits保温用具:thermal protective救生衣灯：lifejacket light2、消防:Fire-Fighting And Protecting Installation And Appliance固定式灭火系统: Fixed Fire Extinguishing System手提式和推车式灭火器：Protable And Non-Portable Fire Extinguisher手提式泡沫枪装置：Protable Foam Applicator Unit水带：Fire Hoses消防栓、水枪：Fire Hydrants,Nozzles感温感烟式探火报警系统：Smoke Detector,Heat Detector,Fire Detection And Alarm System货舱烟雾探测系统：Cargo Hold Smoke Detection System消防员装备：Fireman' S Outfits国际通岸接头：International Shore Connection自给式呼吸器:Self-Contained Breathing Appliance消防泵、应急消防泵：Fire Pump,Emergency Fire Pump惰气系统(含惰性气体发生器、洗涤塔、甲板水封、系统用管及压力真空阀)：Inert Gas System (Include Inert Gas Generator,Scrubber,Deck WaterSeal,Pipes And P/V Valve s)3、轮机设备：Machinery主机〔柴油机，燃汽油机，电力推进等〕：Main Engine 〔DieselEngine,Turbines,Electric Propulsion Etc.〕主机扫气箱固定式灭火系统：Main Engine Fixed Fire Extinguishing System地脚螺栓：Foundation Bolts And Nuts For Main Engine树脂垫块材料：Cast Resin Chocks For Main Engine齿轮箱：Gear Box风机：Fans锅炉及附届装置：Boiler And Device锅炉：Boiler燃烧器：Burning Unit For Boiler控制箱：Control Pannel锅炉供水泵:Boiler Feed Watetr Pump锅炉循环水泵：Boiler Circulating Pump主辅机冷凝泵：Condenser Pump蒸汽冷凝器：Condenser蒸汽管，给水管，凝水管，法兰〔仅一、二级管及法兰〕：Steaming/Feeding,Water/Condenser Pipes,Flanges〔For CCSclass U 〕And Valves 压缩空气系统：Compressed Air System空压机〔启动用〕：Compressor空气瓶:Air Receiver滑油及燃油系统：L.O. And F.O. System燃油分油机：F.O. Purifier滑油分油机:L.O. Purifier燃油，滑油自活式滤器：L.O. / F.O. Filter燃油，滑油加热器：L.O. / F.O. Heater滑油泵：L.O. Pump燃油泵：F.O. Pump冷却系统:Cooling System海水，淡水冷却水泵：S.W. /F.W. Cooling Pump热交换器:Heat Exchangers压载系统：Ballast System遥控系统:Remote Control System4、电力，电器设备：Electrical Installation发电机组〔辅机〕：Electric Generator Set应急发电机组：Emergency Generator Set应急配电板: Emergency Switchboard主配电板：Main Switchboard机舱集控台:Engine Room Centralized Control Pannel主变压器:Transformer驾驶室集中控制台：ridge Centralized Control Pannel蓄电池：Accumulator Battery防爆开关和灯具:Explosion-Proof Switches And Lights电力和控制通讯电缆、电线：Power/Instrumentation/Communication Cable 电动机〔50kw以上或重要设备套用〕：Electric Motor防爆电机:Explosion-Proof Electric Motor电加热器：Electric Heater电气控制箱〔主要设备套用〕：Electric Control Pannel充放电板：Battery Charging/Discharging Pannel主机遥控系统:M.E. Remote Control System平安和警报系统：Safety& Alarm System车钟：Telegraph自动记录仪: automatic Recording Device船令播送系统:public Addresser System液位测量系统：Level Gauging System货舱温度监控系统：cargo Hold Temperature Monitoring System固定/便携式可燃气体探测仪：Fixed/Portable Gas Detector电工仪表：Electric Appearance/Meter.安电箱: Connecting Box For Land-Use Power5、轴系：Shafting推力轴:Thrust Shaft And Bearing中间轴及轴承:Intermediate Shaft And Bearing月尾轴，螺旋桨轴：Stern Shaft,Screw Shaft艇轴管：Stern Tube艇轴承：Stern Shaft Bearing螺旋桨：Propeller联轴节:Shaft Couplings轴系连接螺栓:Coupling Bolts For Shaft特殊推进装置〔可调桨、艄侧推、Z推、喷水推进器〕：Special Propulsion 〔CPP. , “Thruster,“Z〞 Propeller,Water Jet〕艇轴密封装置：Stern Shaft Seal导流罩：Kort NozzleA6、防污设备〔须具IMO格式的认可证书复印件〕：Pollution Prevention Equipment 油水别离器:Oil Water Separator生活污水处理装置：Sewage Treatment Plant油份浓度计:Oil Content Meyer For 15ppm. Bigle Alarm燃烧炉：Incinerator油水界面探测仪：Oil/Water Interface Detectors原油洗舱机:Crude Oil Washing Machine排油监控系统及油份计：ODMS And Oil Content Meters7、专用设备:Special Equipment货油透气装置〔Pv 阀等〕:Cargo Oil Tank Ventilation System货油泵：Cargo Oil Pump货油泵用原动机:Primer Mover For Cargo Oil Pump扫舱泵：Cargo Oil Stripping Pump水力风机：water Driving Fans洗舱海水加热器：washing Water Heater应急拖带装置：emergency Towing Unit液压蝶阀及遥控装置：hydraulic Blade Valve And Remote Control Units拖拽装置:Towing Appliances液化气罐：Lpg. Container冷藏装置:Refrigeration Installation液货舱液位系统：cargo Level Indicator System8、其他:Others装载仪：Loading Computer阴极保护:Cathodie Protection System 液位计：Liquidometer膨胀接头：Expansion Bellows木材系固索: Timber Lashings。
暖通工程专业英语
Abbreviations（缩略词）AP ACCESS PANEL 检查口AAV AUTOMATIC AIR VENT 自动排气口ACB AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER 空气断路器ACR AIR COOLED RADIATOR 风冷散热器ACS AUTOMATIC CLEANING SYSTEM 自动清洗系统AFFL ABOVE FINISHED FLOOR LEVEL 楼面竣工标高以上ASFL ABOVE STRUCTURAL FLOOR LEVEL 建筑标高以上AHU AIR HANDLING UNIT空气处理机组& AND 与BW BLEED-OFF WATER 排出水COWP CONDENSING WATER PUMP冷凝水泵COWR CONDENSING WATER RETURN冷凝水回流COWS CONDENSING WATER SUPPLY 冷凝水供应CH CHILLER 冷却装置CHWP CHILLER WATER PUMP 冷水泵CHWR CHILLER WATER RETURN 冷水回流CHWS CHILLER WATER SUPPLY 冷水供应C/O CHANGE OVER 转接CO CARBON MONOXIDE SENSOR 一氧化碳传感器CT CURRENT TRANSFORMER 电流转换器C/W COMPLETE WITH 附件DL DOOR LOUVRE 通风门DOL DIRECT ON LINE 直接在线EA EXHAUST AIR 废气EAD EXHAUST AIR DUCT 排气管EAF EXHAUST AIR FAN 排气扇EAG EXHAUST AIR GRILLE 排气格栅EAL EXHAUST AIR LOUVRE 排气口ETL ELECTRO-THERMAL LINK 电热体EQ EQUALIZATING PIPE 平衡管F/A FROM ABOVE 从上面F/B FROM BELOW 从下面FAD FRESH AIR DUCT 净气管道FAF FRESH AIR FAN 净气扇FAG FRESH AIR GRILLE 净气栅格FAI FRESH AIR INTAKE 净气进口FAL FRESH AIR LOUVRE 净气口FCU FAN COIL UINT 风机盘管单元F.D FIRE DAMPER 防火挡板FRP FIRE RATE PERIOD 火灾时期FL FLOOR LEVEL 楼面标高F&E FEED &EXPANSION 供给和膨胀F/S FUSE SWITCH 保险丝开关F&BP FEED &EXPANSION PIPE 供给和膨胀管H/L HIGH LEVEL 高电平H/X HEAT EXCHANGER 热交换器HP HEAT PUMP 热泵H.F.D HIGH TEMP.(121 DEG)FIRE DAMPER高温防火闸GEAF WINDOW MOUNTED/WALL MOUNTED TYPE EXHAUST FAN 窗挂/壁挂式排气扇L/L LOW LEVEL 低电平LCP LOCAL CONTROL PANEL 局部控制盘M/L MID LEVEL 中等水平MAD MAKE-UP AIR DUCT 空气补偿道MAF MAKE-UP AIR FAN 空气补偿扇MCC MOTOR CONTROL CUBICLE 电机控制室MUW MAKE-UP WATER 添加水MSFD MOTORISED SMOKE&FIRE DAMPER 机动烟和防火闸NTS NOT TO SCALE 不按比例NRD NON-RETURN DAMPER 不回流阻尼器PAD PRIMARY AIR DUCT 主通风管PFD POST FIRE SMOKE REMOVAL DUCT 消防排烟管PFF POST FIRE SMOKE REMOVAL FAN 消防排烟风机PUD SMOKE PURGE DUCT 空气净化管PUF SMOKE PURGE FAN 空气净化扇RA RETURN AIR 回风RAD RETURN AIR DUCT 回风管道RAG RETURN AIR GRILLE 回风格栅RAL RETURN AIR LOUVRE 回流空气口SA SUPPLY AIR 送风SAD SUPPLY AIR DUCT 送风管道SAG SUPPLY AIR GRILLE 送风格栅SED SMOKE EXTRACTION AIR DUCT 排烟风管SEF SMOKE EXTRACTION FAN 排烟扇SPD STAIRCASE PRESSURIZATION DUCT 楼梯增压管道SPF STAIRCASE PRESSURIZATION FAN 楼梯增压扇SPS STAIRCASE PRESSURIZATION SYSTEM 楼梯增压系统T/A TO ABOVE 到上面T/B TO BELOW 到下面TA TRANSFER AIR 空气转移TAD TRANSFER AIR DUCT 空气转移管道TAG TRANSFER AIR GRILLE 空气转移格栅TAL TRANSFER AIR LOUVRE 空气转移口TED TOILET EXHAUST DUCT 厕所排风管道TEF TOILET EXHAUST FAN 厕所排风机VAV VARIABLE AIR VOLUME 变风量VCD VOLUME CONTROL DAMPER 风量控制阀w/ WITH 有，接触w/o WITHOUT 没有，不接触WMS WIRE MESH SCREEN 金属丝网筛WL WEATHERPROOF LOUVRE 防水口LEGENDS（图例）GATE VALVE (NORMALLY OPEN) 阀门(常开的)GATE VALVE (NORMALLY CLOSED) 阀门(常关的)CHECK VALVE/NON-RETURN VALVE单向阀GLOBE VALVE (NORMALLY OPEN) 球阀（常开的）GLOBE VALVE (NORMALLY CLOSED) 球阀（常闭的）Y-TYPE STRAINER Y型过滤器BUTTERFLY VALVE 蝶形阀，瓣阀PRESSURE INDEPENDENT CONTROL VALVE 压力控制阀FLEXIBLE CONNECTOR 弹性接头，挠性连接器EXPANSION JOINT 伸缩缝2-WAY MODULATING VALVE 双向调节阀DP CONTROLLER 防潮控制器PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE 减压阀，减压活门CONSTANT FLOW VALVE 恒流量阀2-WAY ON/OFF CONTROL VALVE 双向开、关控制阀3-WAY ON/OFF CONTROL VALVE三向开、关控制阀2-WAY VALVE 双向阀SOLENOLD VALVE 电磁阀VALVE WITH PLUG-OFF 无塞阀门DRAIN VALVE 排水阀3-WAY MODULATING VALVE三向调节阀PLUG COCK 旋塞，转阀ECCENTRIC REDUCER 偏心异径管，偏心大小头CONCENTRIC REDUCER 同心异径管，同心大小头BASKET STRAINER 篮式过滤器ANTIVACUUM VALVE 反压力阀门AUTOMATIC AIR VENT C/W ISOLATING VALVE 自动排气管C/W 隔离阀AIR WENT PIPE 排气管BALL FLOAT SWITCH 浮动开关BALL FLOAT VALVE 浮子阀，浮球阀PRESSURE SENSOR 压力传感器FLOW METER 流量计THERMOMETER 温度计DIFFERNTIAL PRESSURE SWITCHFLOW SWITCH 流量开关，气流换向器TEMPERATURE GAUGE 温度计，温度测试表HEAT REJECTION COIL(RADIATOR) 排热线圈（散热器）REFRIGERANT PIPE 制冷剂管BLEED-OFF WATER PIPE 分流水管MAKE-UP WATER PIPE 补给水，补充水，添加水CHILLED WATER SUPPLY 冷却水供应CHILLED WATER RETURN 冷却水回流HOT WATER SUPPLY 热水供应HOT WATER RETURN 热水回流CONDENSING WATER SUPPLY 冷凝水供应CONDENSING WATER RETURN 冷凝水回流CONDENSATE DRAIN PIPE 冷凝排水管WATER PUMP 抽水机，水泵VAV BOX 变风量空调系统的末端装置CAV BOX 定风量空调系统的末端装置CENTRIFUGAL FAN 离心式风扇，离心式鼓风机WINDOW MOUNTED/WALL MOUNTED TYPE EXHAUST FAN 窗挂式/墙挂式排风机（排气扇）PROPELLER TYPE EXHAUST FAN 螺旋式排风机INDOOR CONDENSING UNIT 内置式压缩冷凝机AXIAL FAN 轴流式通风机、轴流式风扇THEROSTAT C/W 3 SPEED CONTROLLER (WALL MOUNTED)LOCAL MOTOR CONTROL PANEL 电动机控制板COOLING COIL 冷却旋管HUMIDIFIER 加湿器DUCT SILENCER 导管消音器HUMIDISTAT 湿度调节器、恒湿器DUCT OR PIPE MOUNTED TEMPERATURE SENSOR 装有温度传感器的管子IMMERSION TEMPERATURE SENSOR 浸入式温度传感器DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SWITCH 压力开关、压力差电门DIRECT DIGTAL CONTROL 直接数字化控制DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE SENSOR 差动压力传感器DUCTWORK FLEXIBLE JOINT 柔性接头管道系统WATER HAMMER ARRESTER 水击避电器CARBON MONOXIDE AND NITROGEN DIOXIDE SENSOR 一氧化碳和二氧化碳传感器MOTORISED SMOKE &FIRE DAMPER W/DUCT TYPE SMOKE DETECTOR 机动烟和防火挡板w型/管型烟雾探测器PROBE TYPE SMOKE DETECTOR 针式烟雾探测器SIGHT GLASS 观察孔，窥镜REFIRGERANT DRYER 冷冻干燥器LOCAL MOTOR CONTROL PANEL 电动机控制板DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROLLER PANEL 直接数字控制器VOLUME CONTROL DAMPER 风量控制阀MOTORIZED DAMPER 机动阻尼器FIRE DAMPER 防火挡板GUIDE VANE 导流叶片，导向叶片ACCESS PANEL 检修门，检查口，检修窗AIR DIFFUSER 空气扩散器AIR GRILLE 通风花窗SLOT DIFFUSER 条缝型散流器JET NOZZLE 喷嘴，尾喷口，喷射管RETURN AIR DUCT/EXHAUST AIR DUCT 回风管道/排气管道SUPPLY AIR DUCT/FRESH AIR DUCT 送气管道/新鲜空气管道BAG TYPE FILTER 袋式过滤器PANEL FILTER 过滤板AIR FLOW DIRECTION 空气流向METALCLAD SWITCH (RATING AS INDICATED, TPN UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED) 金属壳开关（按照说明的等级，采用TPN除非另外有说明）METALCLAD SWITCH MOUNTED AT CEILING LEVEL装有最高电平的金属壳开关METALCLAD SWITCH MOUNTED AT HIGH LEVEL 装有高电平的金属壳开关WEATHERPROOF SWITCH, IP56，UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 防雨开关，IP56，除非另外有说明FLAMEPROOF SWITCH 防火开关TP&N COPPER BUSBAR CHAMBER TP&N铜母线室AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER 空气断路器SWITCH FUSED 熔融开关METALCLAD SWITCH/ISOLATOR/AI SWITCH 金属壳的开关/绝缘体/人工智能开关MCCB/MCB 塑料外壳式断路器/微型断路器FUSE LINK, C/W 6A FUSE UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 熔线环C/W 除非有另外的说明6A的时候融化CURRENT TRANSFORMER 电流变换器AMMETER 安培计AMMETER SELECTOR 电流表选择开关VOL TMETER音量转让进口VOL TMETER SELECTOR 音量转让进口选择钮INDICATING LAMPS (RED, YELLOW &BLUE) 指示灯（红、黄和蓝）POWER FACTOR METER 功率因数表，功率因数计IDMT OVER-CURRENT PROTECTION RELAY IDMT过流保护继电器IDMT EARTH PROTECTION RELAY IDMT接地保护继电器ENERGY CHECK METER 能量校验仪表BULKHEAD 隔板，防水壁FIRE RATED ENCLOSURE (2 HOURS) 耐火外壳（2小时）TEST POINT 测试点AIR PURIFIER 空气净化器空气滤净器CARBON DIOXIDE SENSOR 二氧化碳传感器VOC SENSOR VOC传感器WATER COOLED VARIABLE REFRIGERANT VOLUME OUTDOOR UNIT水冷式可变制冷剂体室外机VRV BRANCH PIPE KITS VRV支管装备AIR COOLED VARIABLE REFRIGERANT VOLUME OUTDOOR UNIT 风冷式可变制冷剂体室外机FCU 风机盘管ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR 静电除尘器，电集尘器ENERGY METER C/W BMS H/L INTERFACE 能量计c/w 电池管理系统h/l接口EMERGENCY STOP PUSH BUTTON 紧急制动按钮。
奥利高压空气吹风机与低压压缩机产品说明书
Oil-free air blowers & low pressure compressorsOil-free air solutions up to 4 bar(g) / 58 psigWhy blower and lowpressure technologies?Blowers and low pressure compressors are specifically engineered forapplications that require a pressure between 0.3 and 4 bar(g). Enormousenergy gains can be made by choosing the right type and size of compressorfor your applications. That is why Atlas Copco introduced several low pressuretechnologies into the market, each of them engineered to match the exactpressure and flow requirements of your application, helping you to create amore sustainable production process.Oil-free air blowers & low pressure compressorsOperations have a fluctuating demand for air, that is why we pioneered the Variable Speed Drive (VSD) technology for blowers and low pressure compressors to make sure that your processes get the required air at the required time. This makes sure that your units are not using more energy than needed, effectively decreasing your energy consumption. This effectively decreases the average lifecycle cost of a blower or low pressure compressor by 22%.To further enhance the efficiency of your process and ease of use of your blower or compressed air installation, we offer you different ways to monitor and control your units,minimizing energy consumption, monitoring theequipment's running conditions and providing you with relevant information on the maintenance status. And should your installation require any maintenance: with our worldwide service network, there is always a service technician near you, available to help you keep your installation in optimal shape and prevent costly downtime of your production.Maximizing your energy savings with a Variable Speed Drive (VSD)Simplifying supervision andmaintenance3Oil-free air blowers & low pressure compressors5Oil-free air blowers & low pressure compressors7As most applications in wastewater treatment require a continuous air flow with a variable volume, you need a solution that can handle a continuous uptime whilst also keeping energy consumption low. Engineered with the highest reliability and lowest energy consumption in mind,our energy-efficient units ensure your process gets the air supply it needs. On top of that, we offer different service plans and ways to monitor, control and optimize yourblower unit(s) to make sure your units are always in optimal condition.Municipal & industrial wastewatertreatmentIn a cement factory, compressed air is an integral part of the operation. Compressed air is used as energy source to assist in movement of materials in the cement making process or for powering tools that can withstand the dust, moisture and high temperatures of the process, or for plant and instrument air. We offer you a comprehensive range of oil-free air blower and low pressure compressor technologies that are suited for harsh conditions and environments,making them ideal for operation in cement plants all around the world.Applications in the cement industryWhen dealing with products that have high product safety and quality standards such as food and beverage products,you need the equipment in your production process to comply to those standards. Our oil-free compressors deliver ISO 8573-1 (2010) Class 0 oil free air and are also compliant with the ISO 22000 food safety management system,helping you safeguard the end quality of your product. For applications that require a variable volume of air supply,such as fermentation and wastewater treatment, we offer you Variable Speed Drive (VSD) packages that constantly match the airlow to the exact demand of your process.Applications in the food & beverageindustryOil-free air blowers & low pressure compressors9High uptime at low capital costsOur trusted tri-lobe technology with its simple and reliable design has been used for over 20 years in numerousapplications. The low capital and maintenance costs make our ZL lobe blowers a cost effective solution for allapplications that require an air supply between 0.3 and 1bar(g) / 4.4 and 14.5 psig. Thanks to the innovative design,our units require a minimum amount of floor space and are suited for use in harsh environments such as those with ambient temperatures of +50°C / 120°F.•Fixed speed or variable speed (VSD)•Optional Elektronikon® controller •Plug and Play solutionZL - lobe blowersHigh uptime at low lifecycle costsOur ZS series combines Atlas Copco's trusted screwtechnology with our latest innovations to deliver you Class 0certified oil-free air up to 1.5 bar(g) / 22 psig at the lowest lifecycle cost. It's a small and compact solution that can be installed anywhere side-by-side. These blower units are known for their energy efficiency and are easy to maintain,fit perfectly into your existing blower room and can be placed outside in the toughest environments, allowing an ambient temperature up to 50°C/120°F, making them the prefect solution for anyone looking for a replacement that will drastically reduce lifecycle costs.•Fixed speed or variable speed (VSD)•Class 0 certified oil-free air •Plug & Play solutionZS - screw blowersProviding rugged performance at the lowest operational costWith our ZE/ZA range we offer you a robust source of Class 0certified oil-free air supply for all your applications between 1 and 4 bar(g) / 14.5 and 58 psig. Our low pressure screw compressors are specifically designed to be used inarduous dusty and humid environments. Our ZE/ZA units are engineered to ensure reliable operation while maximizing energy savings.•Fixed speed or variable speed (VSD)•Class 0 certified oil-free air •Air or water cooledZE/ZA - low pressure screw compressorsOil-free air blowers & low pressure compressorsUnique design, proven efficiencyOur ZB VSD +oil-free turbo blowers with frictionless direct drive and magnetic bearings are specifically designed for medium sized applications that require air at a variable volume flow and a low pressure. With our ZB +range, we offer you a premium, reliable solution that delivers you Class 0 certified oil-free air up to 1.4 bar(g) / 20.3 psig, at the lowest lifecycle cost.•High speed permanent magnet motor with variable speed drive (VSD)•Class 0 certified oil-free air •Plug & Play solutionZB VSD +- turbo blowers (high speed)High flow, low lifecycle costsBuilding on more than 40 years of experience in geared turbo blowers, Atlas Copco further completes its low pressure portfolio with a reliable and energy-efficient solution specifically manufactured for applications that require air flows above 6,000 m 3/hr / 3,500 cfm and a pressure below 1.2 bar(g) / 17 psig. The ZB +geared turbo blower is an ideal fit for customers dealing with lowpressure applications that require a high air flow and are looking to minimize the lifecycle costs of their blower solution. Thanks to the IGV, the optional DGV and the backwards leaned impeller design, our ZB +fixed speed geared turbo has a turndown up to 55% withoutcompromising on efficiency, making them highly suited for application that have a variable air demand.•Fixed speed with high turndown •Class 0 certified oil-free airZB +- turbo blowers (integrally geared)High flow, reliable operationAvailable as one-stage (ZHL) or two-stage (ZH) solution, our geared turbo compressors have been providing Class 0certified air for applications with a high air volume flow demand and pressure between 1 and 4 bar(g) / 14.5 and 58psig for over many years. Thanks to the experience we built throughout the years, we are able to offer you a reliable,efficient and service-friendly unit with a low lifecycle cost.•Fixed speed with variable inlet guide vanes •Class 0 certified oil-free airZHL/ZH11A flexible solution adaptable to your needsWhether you need air, gas, pressure or vacuum, the ZM multistage centrifugal blowers and exhausters provide you with the quality you need. In thousands of installations around the world, our oil-free multistage centrifugal blowers and exhausters are a reliable compressed air source for all applications up to 1.4 bar(g) / 20.3 psig.•Fixed speed or variable speed (VSD)•Air, gas, pressure and vacuum applicationsZM - multistage centrifugal blowersReliability at a low lifecycle costOur DZS dry claw blowers are an ideal solution forapplications that require a low air volume flow and pressure up to 2.3 bar(g). The small and compact unit are suited for both centralized and decentralized systems and require a low level of maintenance.•Fixed speed•Class 0 certified oil-free airDZS - dry claw blowersOil-free air blowers & low pressure compressors•Save costs - Optimal maintenance will reduce the operational cost of your compressor system.•Increase operational efficiency - Our maintenance expertise makes your life easier when it comes to resource management.•High uptime and performance - Specialist service keeps your equipment running and protect your investment.Reduce your total cost of ownership and benefit from optimalperformanceGenuine Parts, designed and produced to the exactspecifications of your compressors, delivered right where and when you need them.•All parts, one package - Always have the needed part for your service intervention at hand.•Save money - A Service Kit costs less than the sum of its components if ordered separately•Less administration - Every Service Kit has a single part number, allowing you to create a simple purchase order which can be easily followed-up.Compressor parts at your doorstep: our Parts PlanAvoid financial surprises. Our Fixed Price Services combine the expertise of factory-trained technicians with the quality of our genuine compressor parts.•The best compressor parts - The unrivalled quality of our genuine parts results in optimal uptime, energy consumption and reliability.•An expert maintenance plan - Rely on the expertise of factory-trained Atlas Copco technicians.•Clear and easy - Tailored to your installation, siteconditions, and production planning, every Fixed Price Service has a clear scope and price.Fixed Price Services: best compressorparts & maintenance13Rely on trained Atlas Copco technicians and the unrivalled quality of our genuine parts.•Service reports - We help you achieving maximum energy efficiency by keeping you up to date of the status of your system.•Prevent breakdown - If our technicians spot an additional developing problem, they will propose a solution.•Top-priority emergency call out system - If an urgent repair is needed, you get priority assistance.Preventive Maintenance Plan for optimal compressor uptimeWe take care of all your compressor maintenance,upgrades, repairs and even breakdowns at an all-inclusive price.•Complete compressor care - On-time maintenance by expert service engineers, genuine parts, proactive upgrades and compressor overhauls.•Total risk coverage - This means we take care of all your compressor repairs and even breakdowns, without extra charges.•Ultimate efficiency - Fitting the latest drive linecomponents gives you high standards of compressor efficiency and reliability.Complete compressor care with our TotalResponsibility PlanOil-free air blowers & low pressure compressorsThe Elektronikon ®unit controller is specially designed to maximize the performance of your blowers under a variety of conditions. Optimizer 4.0 takes charge of the management of your full blower room. Key benefits are increased energy-efficiency by lowering energyconsumption, reduced maintenance times and less stress… less stress for both you and your entire air system.Elektronikon®The full color touch display gives you an easy-to-understand readout of the equipment’s running conditions.•Clear icons and intuitive navigation provides you fast access to all of the important settings and data.•Monitoring of the equipment running conditions and maintenance status; bringing this information to your attention when needed.•Operation of the equipment to deliver specifically and reliably to your compressed air needs.•Built-in remote control- and notification functionsprovided as standard, including simple to use integrated webpage.•Support for 31 different languages, including character based languages.Elektronikon ®MK5 Touch - Intelligence is part of the package15Monitor your machines over the ethernet with the Elektronikon ®unit controller and the SMART LINK service.Monitoring features include warning indications,compressor shut-down, sensor trending and maintenance scheduling.Go for enery efficiency: customized reports will begenerated on the energy efficiency of your blower room, in compliance with ISO 50001.Connectivity, with SMARTLINKA properly managed compressed air network will save energy, reduce maintenance, decrease downtime, increase production and improve product quality. Atlas Copco’s Optimizer 4.0 monitors and controls multiple blowers simultaneously; it is one central point of control for the whole compressed air network, ensuring all blowersprovide optimum performance for your process. The result is a completely autonomous and energy-efficient network,giving you peace of mind and keeping your costs minimized.Sit back and relax, Optimiz er 4.0 has it under controlOil-free air blowers & low pressure compressorsNotes17Oil-free air blowers & low pressure compressors19Atlas Copco AB(publ) SE-105 23 Stockholm, Sweden Phone: +46 8 743 80 00Reg. no: 556014-2720 2935731©22,AtlasCopcoAirpowerNV,Belgium.Allrightsreserved.Designsandspecificationsaresubjecttochangewithoutnoticeorobligation.Readallsafetyinstructionsinthemanualbeforeusage.。
Ariel Compressor Application Manual
aeroplane发出的声音英语拟声词
aeroplane发出的声音英语拟声词English: The sound of an aeroplane can be described as a loud, roaring noise accompanied by a low rumbling vibration. As the engines start, there is a distinct whirring sound as the propellers gain momentum. As the aeroplane takes off, the noise intensifies, becoming a constant booming sound mixed with a high-pitched whine. The roar of the engines fills the air, creating a powerful auditory experience. As the plane reaches cruising altitude, the noise level decreases slightly, but there is still a noticeable hum and rumble from the engines. When the plane descends for landing, there is a distinct change in the sound, characterized by a decrease in pitch and a loud whooshing noise as the flaps and landing gear deploy. Finally, as the plane comes to a halt, there is a distinctive screeching sound of the brakes engaging, followed by a quieting down of the engines as they power off. Overall, the sound of an aeroplane is a symphony of mechanical noise that encompasses various tones, pitches, and intensities throughout its journey.中文翻译: 飞机的声音可以描述为一种大声的、轰鸣般的噪音，伴随着低沉的震动。
英格索兰电脑中英文对照
☐Package Discharge Temperature 机组排气温度☐Airend Didcharge temperature 主机排气温度过高☐Injected Temperature 喷油温度☐Sump Pressure 分离前压力☐Separator Pressure Drop 油分离器压降☐Coolant Filter 油过滤器☐Inlet Vacuum 进气真空☐Inlet Filter 进气空滤器☐Total Hour 总运行小时☐Loaded Hour 加载小时☐%Load Modulation 加载调节百分比☐Software Title and Version 软件名称及版本Package Discharge Pressure （机组排气压力）Coolant Filter （油过滤器）Package Discharge Temperature （机组排气温度）Inlet Vacuum （进气负压）Airend Discharge Temperature （主机排气温度）Inlet Filter （进气过滤器）Injected Temperature （喷油温度）Toal Hours （累计运行小时）Sump Pressure （分离前压力）Loaded Hours （加载运行小时）Separator Press.Drop （油分离器压差）%Load Modulation （加载调节%）☐AIREND DISCHARGE-（主机排气温度）-如果主机排气温度传感器（2ATT）超过报警极限228°F（109℃）的97%而且不能调节时，便发出警告。
☐CHANGE COOLANT FILER-（调换油过滤器）-如果IDPS压差传感器的高侧压力大20pisg（1.4bar)，而且喷油温度传感器（2CTT）大于是20°F（49℃）进入，便发出此警告。
☐CHANGE INLET FILTER-（调换进气过滤器）- 如果进气负压传达室感器（1A VPT）大于0.7psig(0.05bar)而且空压机是满负载(进气阀全开)时，便发生此警告。
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Comler 2019 Mirage Series Silent Type Gen-set Is ABig Hit To The MarketOverview of Comler8kw-3600kw Silent Type Gen-setIn order to meet the control requirements of urban environmental and industry noise, Comler Company has been committed to the R & D design, innovation, production and manufacturing of silent type Gen-set and super-silent type Gen-set and noise attenuating room. Equipped with world class R&D center and laboratory, Comler Company has became an international technology exchange platform of soundproof generator set, which always lead the development innovation of silent units standards. At the International Bauma Exhibition, Dubai Power Exhibition, Myanmar Power Show, Indonesia Power Show and Thailand Power Show, we has communicated with our same occupation deeply, and always stand on top of the international exchange platform, we have great confidence to contribute to technological development and make progress for China silent type generator set.Comler soundproof type Gen-set is widely used in commercial centers, office buildings, schools, hospitals, hotels, environmental protection factories and other industries with high noise requirements, which has won the favorite of majority users, COMLER R & D center is also responsible for the mission of noise attenuating shield research and development for international high-end companies, and maintained a long-term strategic cooperation with Southeast Asia, Dubai, Africa and other international Gen-set manufacturers. Comler Silent Type Power Supply System – the Global Green Power Source!一Functions of Comler Silent Type Generator SetIn order to the city environmental protection and the requirement of industry noise, Comler diesel generator set adapts the design of car smooth streamline appearance which are good looking and durable. Delicate air inlet noise attenuating chamber, exhaust air chamber, noise sound silencer system and the perfect inlet wind flow curve design, which guaranteed the air smooth of intake and exhaust, as well as temperature equilibrium and noise attenuation. Special noise silencing material drastically inhibited the extension of mechanical noise which can make noise dropped to below 75 db.Super silent type generator sets can reach below 65 db, this product can better meet military standards.Heavy duty fuel tank can feed up the Gen-set with 8 to 24 hours of continuous running.Control panel, external emergency stop button, external fuel injectors and fuel level display and other facilities are at the side of the equipment, scientific and humanized design are well considered the convenience二Technology, Design and AdvantagesTechnology Advantages：Comler silent type diesel generator set adopts the most advanced modular design as a whole, each work-piece is strictly in accordance with the design requirements.Each is processed under one-time stamping molding, so that each of the output of the work-piece, each product is the standard.Each well-designed work piece is made up of several components joined by high-strength stainless steel bolts, which greatly improves the production efficiency and improves the standard of the product tooling, which makes the product quality more excellent. （1）Fastening：The outer connection bolt of the soundproof shield is made of 304 standard stainless steel, this greatly improves the anti-corrosion ability of the product in the extreme harsh use environment, and ensures that the product is still new after years of use.（2）Door and window well sealing：Seamless with stainless steel hinges and high elastic sealing tape make the generator set with a close sealed gap.（3）Weather resistance：Silent shield adopts with high-performance stainless steel door locks which open more convenient and improve the weathering performance of the machine.（4）Strength advantage：The main components of the silent shield use the standard GB cold-rolled steel and die-casting molds which greatly enhance the overall strength of the product and service life.（5）Anticorrosion advantage：Firstly, the muffle shell undergoes a rigorous acid phosphating and electrophoresis special process, and then through electrostatic spraying from high temperature casting, which highly enhanced the ability of anti-corrosion paint on the shell. The generators and electrical components are completely enclosed in a rugged, silent system to ensure that your power supply is protected in a variety of extreme and harsh external environments.（6）A nti-fake：Each silencer canopy is marked with the COMLER logo in order to prevent counterfeit.（7）Low noise advantage：silent type realize below 75 decibels meet to international standards; super silent type realize 65 dB below reached the military standards.（8）Boundary advantage：car smooth streamline appearance which are good looking and durable.（9）Overall size advantage：Modular design, economy container loading, smaller space occupation and lower transporting costs.（10）Hoisting advantage：每台设备均可在底部和顶部搬运，使用搬运更为方便，有效减少搬运成本。