中国政法大学2004年考博英语试题及答案
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编12(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编12(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．The detectives kept a ______ watch of the suspect’s house.A．keenB．completeC．thoroughD．close正确答案：D解析：close a.严密的，密切的。
keen a．热心的，渴望的(on)；敏锐的，敏捷的(of)。
complete a.完全的，完整的。
thorough a.彻底的，完全的。
2．The police searched all the houses but found no______.A．connectionsB．cluesC．relationshipsD．ties正确答案：B解析：clue(to)n.线索，提示。
3．Many skiers ______ around the fire and drink hot chocolate in the evenings.(2003年中国社会科学院考博试题)A．padB．packC．squeezeD．cluster正确答案：D解析：本题空格处是说“许多滑雪者成群地围在火堆边”。
D项“cluster丛生，成群”符合题意．如：The boys and girls clustered together round the camp fire telling stories and singing songs．(孩子们成群地围着营火堆讲着故事唱着歌。
)其他三项“pad加上垫衬；pack包装：squeeze压榨”都不正确。
4．A substance such as sand may be either fine or ______.A．coarseB．courseC．largeD．tough正确答案：A解析：coarse a．粗的，粗糙的；粗劣的；粗俗的。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编30(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Recent research into aging suggests that the body’s defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003年春季电子科技大学考博试题) A．insaneB．infectiousC．foreignD．poisonous正确答案：C解析：本题中，alien的意思是“外来的，不同的”。
四个选项中，foreign的意思是“外国的，异质的”，如：a foreign object in the eye．(眼睛中的异物)。
insane 的意思是“患精神病的，极度愚蠢的”；infectious的意思是“有传染性的，易感染的”。
只有C项符合题意。
2．It is impossible to ______ whether she’ll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.(2004年湖北省考博试题)A．foreseeB．inferC．fabricateD．inhibit正确答案：A解析：本题意为“很难预见她是否能在下个月出院回家”。
A项的“foresee 预见”符合题意。
其他三项“infer推论、推断；fabricate制作、装配，伪造；inhibit 禁止、约束”都不正确。
3．She said some bad things about me, but I have______her for that.A．releasedB．freedC．forgivenD．regretted正确答案：C解析：forgive vt．原谅，饶恕，宽恕。
中国政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
中国政法大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析The Englishman has been called a political animal,and he valueswhat is political and practical so much that ideas easily becomeobjects of dislike in his eyes,and thinkers,miscreants,becausepractice is everything,a free play of the mind is nothing.(46)Thenotion of the free play of the mind upon all subjects being a pleasurein itself,being an object of desire,being an essential provider ofelements without which a nation’s spirit,whatever compensations itmay have for them,must in the long run,die of emptiness,hardlyenters into an Englishman’s thoughts.It is noticeable that the wordcuriosity,which in other languages is used in a good sense,to mean,as a high and fine quality of man’s nature,just this disinterestedlove of a free play of the mind on all subjects,for its own sake—itis noticeable,I say,that this word has in our language no sense ofthe kind,no sense but a rather bad and disparaging one.But criticism,real criticism,is essentially the exercise of this very quality.(47)It obeys an instinct prompting it to try to know the best thatis known and thought in the world,irrespectively of practice,Gengduo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lianxi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi politics,andeverything of the kind;and to value knowledge and thought as theyapproach this best,without the intrusion of any other considerationswhatever.(48)This is an instinct for which there is,I think,littleoriginal sympathy in the practical English nature,and what there was of it has undergone a long benumbing period of blight and suppression in the epoch of Romanticism.(49)It is of the last importance that English criticism should clearly discern what rule for its course,in order to avail itself of the field now opening to it,and to produce fruit for the future, it ought to take.The rule may be summed up in oneword-disinterestedness.And how is criticism to show disinterestedness?By keeping aloof from what is called“the practical view of things”;by resolutely following the law of its own nature,which is to be a free play of the mind on all subjects which it touches.(50)By steadily refusing to lend itself to any of those concealed,political,practical considerations about ideas, which plenty of people will be sure to attach to them,but which criticism has really nothing to do with.Its business is,as I have said,simply to know the best that is known and thought in the world, and by in its turn making this known,to create a current of true and fresh ideas.Its business is to do this with inflexible honesty,with due ability;but its business is to do no more.答案46.对所有事物的自由思考本身就是一种乐趣，一种愿望，为民族精神提供了赖以生存的重要因素。
中国政法大学考博英语阅读理解解析 2
中国政法大学考博英语阅读理解解析In most of the human civilization of which we have any proper records, youth has drawn on either art or life for models, planning to emulate the heroes depicted in epics on the shadow play screen or the stage, or those known human beings, fathers or grandfathers, chiefs or craftsmen, whose every characteristic can be studied and imitated. As recently as 1910, this was the prevailing condition in the United States. If he came from a nonliterate background, the recent immigrant learned to speak, move, and think like an American by using his eyes and ears on the labor line and in the homes of more acculturated cousins, by watching school children, or by absorbing the standards of the teacher, the foreman, the clerk who served him in the store. For the literate and the literate children of the nouliterate, there was art--the story of the frustrated artist in the prairie town, of the second generation battling with the limitations of the first. And at a simpler level, there were the Western and Hollywood fairy tales which pointed a moral but did not, as a rule, teach table manners.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ: 772678537) With the development of the countermovement against Hollywood, with the efflorescence (全盛)of photography, with Time-Life-Fortune types of reporting and the dead-pan New Yorker manner of describing the life of an old-clothes dealer in a forgotten street or of presenting the "accurate", "checked" details of the lives of people whose eminence gave at least a sort of license to attack them, with the passion for "human documents" in Depression days--a necessary substitute for proletarian art among middle class writers who knew nothing about proletarians, and middleclass readers who needed the shock of verisimilitude(真实)--a new era in American life was ushered in, the era in which young people imitated neither life nor art nor fairy tale, but instead were presented with models drawn from life with minimal but crucial distortions. Doctored life histories, posed carelessness, "candid" shots of people in their own homes which took hours to arrange, pictures shot from real life to scripts written months before supplementedby national polls and surveys which assured the reader that thisbobby soxer (少女)did indeed represent a national norm or a growing trend--replaced the older models.36. This article is based on the idea that ________.A) people today no longer follow modelsB) People attach little importance to whoever they followC) people generally pattern their lives after modelsD) People no longer respect heroes37. Stories of the second generation battling against the limitations of the first were often re- sponsible for ______.A) inspiring literate immigrantsB) frustrating educated immigrantsC) preventing the assimilation of immigrantsD) instilling into immigrants an antagonistic attitude toward their forebears38. The countermovement against Hollywood was a movement ______A) toward realismB) toward fantasyC) against the teaching of moralsD) away from realism39. The author attributes the change in attitudes since 1910 to ____A) a logical evolution of ideasB) widespread moral decayC) the influence of the pressD) a philosophy of plenty40. The word "distortions" at the end of the 2nd sentence in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.A) presentationsB) misinterpretationsC) influencesD) limitations本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析
中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about the state.The Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints1the construction of idea__l__states，such as__2__to the Greeks.With very few exceptions，Roman theorists ignored，or rejected__3__valueless，intellectual exercises like Plato‘s Republic，in__4__the relationship of the individual to the state was__5__out painstakingly without reference to__6__states or individuals.The closest the Roman came to the Greek model was Cicero’s De Re Publica，and even here Cicero had Rome clearly in__7__. Roman thought about the state was concrete，even when it__8__ religious and moral concepts.The first ruler of Rome，Romulus，was__9__to have received authority from the gods，specifically from Jupiter，the“guarantor”of Rome.All constitutional__10__was a method of conferring and administering the__11__.Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the__12__，the family heads who formed the original senate，__13__the religious character necessary to exercise authority，because its original function was to__14__the gods.Being practical as well as exclusive，the senators moved__15__to divide the authority，holding that their consuls，or chief officials，would possess it on__16__months，and later extending its possession to lower officials.__17__the important achievement was to create the idea of continuing__18__authority embodied only temporarily in certain upper-class individuals and conferred only__19__the mass ofthe people concurred.The system grew with enormous__20__，as new offices and assemblies were created and almost none discarded.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.1.[A]with[B]for[C]in[D]to2.[A]tempted[B]attracted[C]appealed[D]transferred3.[A]on[B]for[C]as[D]about4.[A]which[B]that[C]what[D]it5.[A]turned[B]worked[C]brought[D]made6.[A]special[B]specific[C]peculiar[D]particular7.[A]existence[B]store[C]reality[D]mind8.[A]abandoned[B]caught[C]separated[D]involved9.[A]told[B]held[C]suggested[D]advised10.[A]tendency[B]procedure[C]development[D]relation11.[A]authority[B]power[C]control[D]ruling12.[A]officers[B]men[C]administrators[D]fathers13.[A]possessed[B]claimed[C]assured[D]enforced14.[A]confirm[B]confer[C]consult[D]consider15.[A]over[B]along[C]on[D]about16.[A]alternate[B]different[C]varied[D]several17.[A]And[B]So[C]Or[D]But18.[A]state[B]country[C]people[D]national19.[A]as[B]when[C]if[D]so20.[A]dimension[B]complexity[C]exercise[D]function答案1.B2.C3.C4.A5.B6.D7.D8.D9.B10.C11.A12.D13.A14.C15.C16.A17.D18.A19.B20.B总体分析本文介绍了罗马人有关国家建设的理论。
中国政法大学考博英语真题之翻译
一、问：老师，请帮我评一下这篇翻译！谢谢！The field of torts embraces a group of civil wrongs,other than breach of contact,that interfere with person,property,reputation,or commercial or social advantage.侵权行为指的是侵害人身、财产、名誉、商业或社会利益等领域权利的一系列民事侵权行为，它并不是合同法的一个分枝。
While such an act,such as an assult,may sometimes be both a crime punishable by the state in a criminal prosecution and also a tort actionable by the victim in a suit for damages,the criminal prosecution and the damage action are quite separate and unrelated proceedings.但像突袭这样的行为就有可能既涉及到刑事惩罚，又涉及侵权诉讼，前者主要是由国家通过刑事诉讼来完诚，后者主要是由受害人通过损害赔偿诉讼来完成，这是两个完全分开且相互之间没有关联的诉讼过程。
The essential purpose of the law of torts is compensatory and,though punitive damages may occasionally be awarded,its function is distinct from that of criminal law.and injured party is not awarded compensation in the criminal proceeding.侵权法的功能和刑法的功能是不相同，侵权法的主要目是补偿，偶尔也支持罚金，而刑法的主要目的是惩罚，受害方是不能通过刑事诉讼得到赔偿的。
中国政法大学考博英语阅读理解汇总.
中国政法大学考博英语阅读理解汇总When it comes to the slowing economy,Ellen Spero isn’t bitingher nails just yet.But the47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting,filing or polishing as many nails as she’d like to,either.Most ofher clients spend$12to$50weekly,but last month two longtimecustomers suddenly stopped showing up.Spero blames the softeningeconomy.“I’m a good economic indicator,”she says.“I providea service that people can do without when they’re concerned aboutsaving some dollars.”So Spero is downscaling,shop ping atmiddle-brow Dillard’s department store near her suburban Clevelandhome,instead of Neiman Marcus.“I don’t know if other clients aregoing to abandon me,too.”she says.(PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537 Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission that America’s red-hoteconomy is cooling,lots of working folks had already seen signs ofthe slowdown themselves.From car dealerships to Gap outlets,saleshave been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.Forretailers,who last year took in24percent of their revenue betweenThanksgiving and Christmas,the cautious approach is coming at acrucial time.Already,experts say,holiday sales are off7percentfrom last year’s pace.But don’t sound any alarms just yet.Consumers seem only mildly concerned,not panicked,and many say theyremain optimistic about the economy’s long-term prospects,even asthey do some modest belt-tightening.Consumers say they’re not in despair because,despite thedreadful headlines,their own fortunes still feel pretty good.Home prices are holding steady in most regions.In Manhattan,“there’s a new gold rush happening in the$4million to$10million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,”says broker Barbara Corcoran.In San Francisco,prices are still rising even as frenzied overbiddingquiets.“Instead of20to30offers,now maybe you only get two or three,”says John Tealdi,a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job.Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown.Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates.Employers wouldn’t mind a little fewer bubbles in the jobmarket.Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings,which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom.Diners might see an upside, too.Getting a table at Manhattan’s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible.Not anymore.For that,Greenspan&Co.may still be worth toasting.51.By“Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet”(Lines1-2, Paragraph1,the author means________.[A]Spero can hardly maintain her business[B]Spero is too much engaged in her work[C]Spero has grown out of her bad habit[D]Spero is not in a desperate situation52.How do the public feel about the current economic situation?[A]Optimistic.[B]Confused.[C]Carefree.[D]Panicked.53.When mentioning“the$4million to$10million range”(Lines 3-4,Paragraph3the author is talking about________.[A]gold market[B]real estate[C]stock exchange[D]venture investment54.Why can many people see“silver linings”to the economic slowdown?[A]They would benefit in certain ways.[B]The stock market shows signs of recovery.[C]Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom.[D]The purchasing power would be enhanced.55.To which of the following is the author likely to agree?[A]A new boom,on the horizon.[B]Tighten the belt,the single remedy.[C]Caution all right,panic not.[D]The more ventures,the more chances.Text4Americans today don’t pla ce a very high value on intellect.Our heroes are athletes,entertainers,and entrepreneurs,not scholars.Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education--not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive anti-intellectualism in our schools aren’t difficult to find.“Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,”says education writer Diane Ravitch.“Schools could be a counterbalance.”Ravitch’s latest book,Left B ack:A Century of Failed School Reforms,traces the roots ofanti-intellectualism in our schools,concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.But they could and should be.Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically,to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others,they cannot fully participate in our democracy.Continuing along this path,says writer Ear l Shorris,“We will become a second-rate country.We will have a less civil society.”“Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,”writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in Anti-Intellectualism in American Life,a Pulitzer-Prize winning book on the roots of anti-intellectualism in US politics,religion,and education.From the beginning of our history,says Hofstadter,our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism.Practicality,common sense,and native intelligence havebeen considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book.Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children:“We are s hut up in schools and college recitation rooms for10or15years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.”Mark Twain’s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American anti-intellectualism.Its hero avoids being civilized--going to school and learning to read--so he can preserve his innate goodness.Intellect,according to Hofstadter,is different from native intelligence,a quality we reluctantly admire.Intellect is the critical,creative,and contemplative side of the mind.Intelligence seeks to grasp,manipulate,re-order,and adjust,while intellect examines,ponders,wonders,theorizes,criticizes and imagines.School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted.Hofstadter says our country’s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully a nd militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.”56.What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school?[A]The habit of thinking independently.[B]Profound knowledge of the world. 中国考博辅导首选学校 [C] Practical abilities for future career. [D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits. 57.We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of ________. [A] undervaluing intellect [B] favoring intellectualism [C] supporting school reform [D] suppressing native intelligence 58.The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are ________. [A] identical [B] similar [C] complementary [D] opposite 59.Emerson, according to the text, is probably ________.[A] a pioneer of education reform [B] an opponent of intellectualism [C] a scholar in favor of intellect [D] an advocate of regular schooling 60.What does the author think of intellect? [A] It is second to intelligence. [B] It evolves from common sense. [C] It is to be pursued. [D] It underlies power. 本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析
中国政法大学考博英语阅读真题解析The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world arethe ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century NewEngland.According to the standard history of American philosophy,nowhere else in colonial America was“So much important attached tointellectual pursuits”According to many books and articles,NewEngland’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupationsof an unfolding,dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectuallife.To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to startwith the Puritans’theological innovations and their distinctiveideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect.But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life,we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European cultureadjusting to New world circumstances.The New England colonies werethe scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understoodideals of civility and virtuosity.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men ofimpressive education and influence in England.Besides the ninety orso learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decadeafter1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop,aneducated gentleman,lawyer,and official of the Crown before hejourneyed to Boston.There men wrote and published extensively,reaching both New World and Old World audiences,and giving NewEngland an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.We should not forget,however,that most New Englanders were less well educated.While few crafts men or farmers,let alone dependents and servants,left literary compositions to be analyzed,their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality.A tailor named John Dane,who emigrated in the late1630s,left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs.sexual confusion,economic frustrations,and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible,told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate,and read the magical words:“come out from among them,touch no unclean thing,and I will be your God and you shall be my people.”One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.Mean while,many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s,as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion.“Our main end was to catch fish.”36.The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England_________.[A]Puritan tradition dominated political life[B]intellectual interests were encouraged[C]Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors[D]intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment37.It is suggested in paragraph2that New Englanders________.[A]experienced a comparatively peaceful early history[B]brought with them the culture of the Old World[C]paid little attention to southern intellectual life[D]were obsessed with religious innovations38.The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay________.[A]were famous in the New World for their writings[B]gained increasing importance in religious affairs[C]abandoned high positions before coming to the New World[D]created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England39.The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often________.[A]influenced by superstitions[B]troubled with religious beliefs[C]puzzled by church sermons[D]frustrated with family earnings40.The text suggests that early settlers in New England________.[A]were mostly engaged in political activities[B]were motivated by an illusory prospect[C]came from different backgrounds[D]left few formal records for later referencePart BDirections:Directions:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions(41-45),choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution.Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena,including human societies,changed over time,advancing toward perfection.41.____________.本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。