Of Studies by Francis Bacon
of study培根英文原文读后感
of study培根英文原文读后感Title: Reflection on "Of Study" by Francis BaconIntroduction"Of Study" is an essay written by Francis Bacon, a prominent English philosopher and statesman, in which he discusses the importance of study in the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom. In this essay, Bacon emphasizes the benefits of study, highlights the different types of studies, and provides practical advice on how to study effectively. Through his insightful observations and persuasive arguments, Bacon encourages readers to engage in the pursuit of knowledge and self-improvement through study.AnalysisBacon begins his essay by stating that "studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability." This sets the tone for the rest of the essay, as Bacon goes on to elaborate on the various benefits of study. He argues that study can bring pleasure and enrichment to one's life, as well as enhance one's skills and abilities. Bacon also distinguishes between different types of studies, including those that are practical and utilitarian, such as the study of science and philosophy, and those that are moreaesthetic and intellectual, such as the study of literature and history.Bacon also provides practical advice on how to study effectively. He emphasizes the importance of reading as a form of study, stating that "reading maketh a full man." Bacon suggests that readers should focus on quality over quantity when choosing books to read, and should take notes and reflect on what they have read in order to deepen their understanding. Bacon also advises readers to engage in discussions and debates with others in order to sharpen their reasoning and communication skills.ConclusionIn conclusion, "Of Study" by Francis Bacon is athought-provoking and insightful essay on the importance of study in the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom. Bacon's arguments are well-reasoned and persuasive, and his practical advice on how to study effectively is invaluable. By encouraging readers to engage in the pursuit of knowledge andself-improvement through study, Bacon inspires us to become lifelong learners and to constantly seek to expand our minds and improve ourselves. Overall, "Of Study" is a timeless and inspiring piece of writing that continues to resonate with readers today.。
Of_Studies_(英汉对照)PDF.pdf
Of Studies （英汉对照）Francis Bacon王佐良先生译文➢Studies serve for delight1, for ornament2, and for ability3.读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
Their chief4 use for delight, is in privateness5 and retiring6;其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；for ornament, is in discourse;其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；and for ability, is in the judgment7, and disposition8 of business.其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
For expert9 men can execute10, and perhaps11 judge ofparticulars12, one by one;练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，but the general13 counsels14, and the plots15 and marshalling16 of affairs17, come best, from those that are learned.然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
To spend too much time in studies is sloth;读书费时过多易惰，to use them too much for ornament, is affectation18;文采藻饰太盛则矫，to make judgment wholly19 by their rules, is the humor of ascholar20.全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience:读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning21, by study;盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；and studies themselves, do give forth directions22 too much atlarge, except they be bounded23 in by experience.而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
弗朗西斯.培根《论读书》Of-Studies(译文对比)
对比Of Studies的四种译文。
哪种译文在风格上与原文更“切近”？你最喜欢哪一种？为什么？OF STUDIESFrancis BaconStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots, and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies, is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men condemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be, only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of book; else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing, to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases; so every d efect of the mind may have a special receipt.谈读书（译文1）读书可以怡情养性，可以摭拾文采，可以增长才干。
of study培根读后感
of study培根读后感英文回答：Francis Bacon's "Of Study" remains a remarkabletreatise on the subject, providing invaluable insights into the nature, purpose, and methods of study. In this essay, Bacon emphasizes the importance of studying to cultivate intellectual growth, personal development, and societal progress. He delves into the various aspects of study, ranging from choosing the right books to the art of effective reading and note-taking.Bacon advocates for an active and critical approach to study, stressing the need to engage with the material, question ideas, and form our own judgments. He encourages readers to seek knowledge for its intrinsic value, rather than for mere practical gain. He also warns against the perils of superficiality and the dangers of accepting knowledge uncritically.Moreover, Bacon highlights the importance of studying wisely, emphasizing the need to prioritize and focus on the most important aspects. He advises readers to avoid distractions and to create a conducive environment for study. He also emphasizes the value of discussion and debate, as these can stimulate critical thinking and deepen understanding.Overall, Bacon's "Of Study" serves as a timeless guide to the art of learning. It provides a comprehensive framework for approaching study with purpose and effectiveness, enriching both our intellectual and personal lives.中文回答：培根的《论求知》一文是关于求知的话题的一篇卓越论文，它对学习的性质、目的和方法提供了宝贵的见解。
培根的Of Studies论文
Of Studies论学习译文分析Of Studies，是英国文艺复兴时期最重要的散文家、哲学家弗朗西斯•培根于四百年前撰写的一篇探讨读书问题的散文杂记，亦是英语文学中妇孺皆知的劝学名篇。
该文文笔有力，思想深远，行文简洁明快，论述深入浅出，分析有理有据，读来令人醍醐灌顶，神思清明。
Of Studies从读书之功用出发，分析了读书学习对人生不同凡响的意义，同时阐述了人们对读书学习态度之取向、方法之别异，也直接影响到了学习效果。
本篇选取了《论学习》三个译本，分别译自高健、何新、王佐良老师，主要从译文的文体风格和翻译的信达雅原则来分析这三篇译文。
首先，从三篇译文的文体风格来看，高健老师的译本半白半文，何新老师的偏白话，王佐良老师的偏文言。
培根的Of Studies一文，写于四百年前，相当于中国古代明朝末期。
在今天的英国，此文当属古典文论，其用语不仅典雅，而且古老玄秘，有很多古英语词汇和与现代英语词义出入较大的词汇。
培根是四百年前英国的哲人名士，学富五车，闻名四方，其散论札记当时亦属上乘之作。
在四百多年来的英国文学史上，培根的文论以其思想、艺术和文学造诣而独树一帜。
其在英国文学与思想界之影响，颇似唐宋八大家等大家在中国的地位，历久弥新。
翻译这样的经典文论时，究竟应该采取何种风格呢？用下里巴人式的通俗时语还是用阳春白雪般的古典文言呢？从时下流行的几个译本来看，有精雕细琢的典雅译本，亦有平铺直白的通俗译本，更有文白夹杂之作。
四百年前的语言，既便是当时通俗透顶的平民口语，在今人听来，也充满“古色古香”之感。
对于如此古典之作，翻译时究竟该采取何种风格呢？是古典翻译，还是通俗翻译呢？对此，我们既要考虑到信息传播的需要，也不能完全忽略历史发展的现实。
高健先生的译本准确，何新先生的译本明白，王佐良先生的译本简练，各具千秋，皆是经典译作，阅读时可对照欣赏，挑选适合自己的版本。
即使是同一文章的译文，表达相同的意思，但是，词藻使用的不同，读起来也会有些许差异。
Of Studies 论读书 By Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根著 (十种译本比较)
OF STUDIES 论读书By Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根著（十种译本比较）作者：张晨路1．Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.东旭译文：读书是为了娱乐、装饰和增长才能。
水天同译文：读书为学底用途是娱乐、装饰和增长才识。
王楫译文：读书可以怡情养性，可以摭拾文采，可以增长才干。
王佐良译文：读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
何新译文：读书可以作为消遗，可以作为装饰，也可以增长才干。
陈才宇译文：读书可以作为娱乐，作为装饰，作为能力的培养。
姚宗立译文：学习以获乐趣，以装饰门面，以求才能。
廖运范译文：读书能给人乐趣、文雅和能力。
曹明伦译文：读书之用有三：一为怡神旷心，二为增趣添雅，三为长才益智。
陈毅平译文：读书可以娱乐，可以装饰，可以增长才干。
2．Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and disposition of business.东旭译文：其娱乐方面的主要用途在于独处和隐退之时；其装饰方面的主要用途在于言谈之中；其增长才能方面的主要用途在于对事务的判断和处理。
水天同译文：在娱乐上学问底主要的用处是幽居养静；在装饰上学问底用处是辞令；在长才上学问底用处是对于事务的判断和处理。
王楫译文：在幽居独处时，最能体现其怡情养性的作用；在友朋交谈中，最能体现其摭拾文采的作用；在处世论事之际，最能体现其增长才干的作用。
王佐良译文：其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
何新译文：孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消遣。
高谈阔论时，知识可供装饰。
处世行事时，正确运用知识意味着才干。
Of Studies
Of Studiesby Francis BaconStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight,affairs come best from those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, isperfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like naturalCrafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted;Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but notbe only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else15 distilledlittle, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, letNotes:1.privateness and retiring: to withdraw for rest, seclusion especially for privacy幽居独处，幽居静养2.discourse: verbal interchange of ideas; conversation3.disposition: management; to manage things correctly4.counsels: policy or plans5.plots: plans; to bring together and order in an appropriate or effective way对事务的计划、布置与安排6.affectations: taking on or displaying an attitude not natural to oneself虚假，做作7.by their rules: relying chiefly on book knowledge按书本的条条框框8.humor: disposition or temperament, here refers to mental peculiarity指学生、学者的怪癖9.pruning: to cut away what is unwanted10.too much at large: too general, impractical, without a specific subject11.except they be bounded in by experience: unless they are checked by experience12.weigh and consider: to think, evaluate carefully, especially by balancing opposingfactors or aspects13.curiously: attentively, carefully14.read by deputy由他人代读15.else (or else): otherwise16.flashy things: cheap and showy, not of good quality17.a ready man: a man who is prompt in apprehending or reacting18.write: take notes19.had need have: would need to have20.confer: to exchange views, discuss21.a present wit: a ready mind; displayed readily and spontaneously敏捷；机智22.that: what23.subtle: 微妙的；细致的24.natural philosophy:自然哲学（旧时用以指自然科学，尤指物理学）25.moral:伦理学26.Abeunt studia in mores: (Latin) Studies pass into the character. Studies have aninfluence upon the characters.27.Nay: And moreover28.stond: hindrance29.in the wit: in the mind30.wrought out: solved, removed31.like as: as32.stone and reins: gallstone and kidneys胆结石和肾33.and the like: and so on34.wit be wandering: to lose clarity or coherence of thought35.never: ever36.the schoolmen:中世纪经院哲学家37.cymini sectores: (Latin) one that makes excessively fine distinctions in reasoning吹毛求疵，钻牛角尖的人38.beat over matters:调查追究事物39.receipt: recipe药方Questions to be discussed:1.What is the theme of the essay?2.Do you enjoy reading “Of Studies”? Please make comment on the ideas made inthe essay.3.Can you make any analysis of Francis Bacon’s style of essay writing?。
of studies中英赏析
of studies中英赏析《论研究》是英国文学家培根（Francis Bacon）的一篇经典散文，它以对学习和研究的思考为主题，阐述了研究的重要性和方法。
本文旨在通过对《论研究》的中英赏析，探讨其思想内涵和艺术特点。
《论研究》一文由五个部分组成，分别是“阅读使人完善”、“交谈使人机智”、“写作使人严谨”、“思考使人深刻”和“各种学习方法的效果比较”。
整篇文章以简明扼要的语言，阐述了学习和研究的不同方式对于提高个人能力的重要作用。
文章提到阅读的重要性。
培根认为，阅读使人完善，开拓了人的眼界，丰富了知识储备。
他强调了对于书籍的选择要有所取舍，要选择经典著作和有深度的内容进行阅读。
通过阅读，人们可以获取到前人的智慧和经验，提高自己的见识和理解能力。
文章讲述了交谈的价值。
培根认为，交谈可以使人变得机智。
在与他人的交流中，人们不仅可以学到新的知识，还可以通过与他人的观点碰撞，提高自己的思维能力和逻辑思维能力。
同时，交谈也是一种锻炼表达能力和沟通能力的方式。
接着，文章提到了写作的重要性。
培根认为，写作使人变得严谨。
通过写作，人们可以把自己的想法和观点清晰地表达出来，从而更好地理清思路，提高自己的逻辑思维能力和表达能力。
同时，写作也是一种对于自己思考的检验，可以帮助人们发现自己的不足和问题，进一步提高自己的学术能力。
然后，文章讲述了思考的重要性。
培根认为，思考使人变得深刻。
通过对问题的思考，人们可以深入理解问题的本质和内涵，从而提高自己的分析和解决问题的能力。
培根强调了思考的方法和技巧，比如要善于提出问题、善于质疑和思考多个角度等。
文章对比了各种学习方法的效果。
培根认为，阅读是最基本的学习方法，通过阅读可以获取到大量的知识。
但是，阅读单一的知识来源可能会导致思维的狭窄，因此，培根提倡多种学习方法的结合使用，如阅读、交谈、写作和思考的有机结合。
总结来说，《论研究》是一篇关于学习和研究的经典散文，强调了阅读、交谈、写作和思考对于提高个人能力的重要作用。
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Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
OF STUDIES
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.
For expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best form those that are learned.
To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar.
They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning (pruning) by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in/ by experience.
Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.
Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.
Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.
Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not.
Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend.Abeunt studia in morse. (Studeis go to make up a man’s character. '?-be-"unt-'stü-dE-"?-"in-'mO-"rAs) Nay there is no stand or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach ; riding for the head; and the like.
So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again.If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are cymini sectores. (Hair-splitters sim-mini sek-torr-es)If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases.So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.。