Contrastive Analysis between Chinese and English
语言学论文题目

1语言学研究(如:语言研究,词汇研究,短语和句子研究,语篇研究,语言与文化等)浅谈英汉句子结构差异试论广告英语的语言特点英汉禁忌语、委婉语的对比研究从礼貌准则看中英文化的异同On the Origin, Word-Formation and Translation of English Neologisms浅谈英语新词的产生、构成及翻译2.语言教学研究(如:语言研究与语言习惯,教学方法和技巧研究,教材分析和评估研究,测试与评估研究,课堂教学管理研究,教育技术的使用与开展研究) Language Development of Pre-school Children and English Teaching幼儿言语发展及幼儿英语教学Acquisition of Function words in English Learning浅谈英语学习中虚词的掌握On the Motivation of Male Students' Interests of English Learning论男生的英语学习兴趣的激发3.中英文语法对比研究(某一语法现象)浅谈英语虚拟语气及其语用功能On Special Usage of English Prepositions英语介词的另类用法4.中英文文体对比(诗歌、小说、广告等)论广告英语的语言特点论广告英语中的幽默5.某一文本文体特征分析法律语言翻译与法律文体6.中英词汇,篇章结构对比英汉合成词构词对比研究英汉否定问句的答句对比研究英汉汉英双关语及其翻译研究语境对词义的制约作用7.中介语与外语学习对母语在英语写作中词汇负迁移现象的思考8.英汉思维方式对其语言,文字的影响英汉民俗文化对词汇意义的影响浅析汉英动物谚语中的文化英汉禁忌语、委婉语的对比研究英汉数字习语的对比研究从习语看英汉民族的文化差异英汉人称代词运用对比研究A Contrastive Study of the Formation of English and Chinese Antonyms论英汉反义词的形成9.当代英语语言学理论对外语教学的启示.跨文化交际1. 英汉颜色词的引申义的文化差别2. On Ways of Breaking Cultural Barriers In Translation Of Human Names 如何克服人名翻译中的文化障碍3. On Influence Of Cultural Differences On Understanding English and Chinese Advertisements论文化差异对解读英汉广告的影响4. On Changes Of Business Etiquettes In Cross-Cultural Communication论跨文化交际中商务礼仪的变迁5. On Application Of Nonverbal Means In Communication论非语言形式在交际中的运用6. The Comparison and Translation of “Nine” in Chinese and Western Culture英汉数字“九”的文化对比与翻译7. The Cultural Influence on English Expressions and Word Choices文化对英语表达和词汇的影响8. The Regional Differences Between Chinese and Western Culture中西文化差异之地域文化差异9. Non-equivalence between Chinese and English Idioms and Intercultural Differences英汉习语的不等值现象与跨文化差异10. The Influences of Chinese-British Cultural Differences on International Business Protocol中英文化差异对国际商务礼仪的影响11. Comparisons of Sino-U.S Family Education中美家庭教育的比较12.A Contrastive Study on Chinese and English Exclamatory Words汉英感叹词对比研究13. On Sino-Western Cultural Differences from Numerical Idioms从数字习语看中西文化差异14. American movies and American characteristics 美国电影与美国民族特性15. Usage and Reason of Foreignism in Chinese 汉语中外来词的使用现状及原因16. Cultural Difference in the Traditional Chinese and Western Festivals 传统节日映照出的中西文化差异17. The Influence of American Culture on the Language of Its Movies美国文化对其电影的影响18. Gender Differences in Speech 言语中的性别差异19. On the Embodiment of Cultural Specifications of Western Cartoon Movies论西方卡通片所体现的文化特质20. A Brief Analysis of the Characteristics of Political Slang in American English浅析美国英语中政治俚语的特点21.Cultural Differences between Chinese and Western Marriage中西婚姻文化差异22. Differences between Chinese and Western Courtesy Expressions中西方礼貌用语的差异23. The Linguistic and Cultural Contrastive Analysis between Chinese and Western “Dragon”中西“龙”的语言文化对比分析。
毕业论文开题报告-中英委婉语对比分析

四、论文提纲
提纲:
1.引言
1.1选题背景
1.2选题意义
1.3研究方法
2.文献回顾
2.1.面子理论的定义
2.2.礼貌原则的定义
2.3.国内外委婉语的研究现状
3.中英委婉语共性与差异分析
3.1.生理现象方面委婉语分析
3.1.1.关于生育
3.1.2.关于年老
3.1.3.关于疾病
进度计划:
时间工作内容
2019.10.15前确定论文主题方向,进行论文题目的筛选
2019.10.15——2019.11.25撰写论文题纲和开题报告,熟悉开题报告流程
2019.11.25——2019.12.5进行开题报告答辩
2019.11.30——2019.12.20下达毕业论文任务书,开始毕业论文撰写
附件2:
英语本科生毕业论文开题报告书
学生
姓名
学号
专业班级
指导教师
论文
题目
中英委婉语对比分析
英文
题目
A contrastive analysis of Chinese and English Euphemisms
一、选题的意义及国内外研究状况综述、本人是否有创新
选题的意义:
随着社会的进步和人类文明的发展,委婉语伴随着整个社会的言语交际过程。委婉语不仅是每个社会中都普遍存在的语言现象,也是一种社会文化现象。它被定义为:“用一种不明说的、能使人愉快的或含糊的说法代替具有令人不悦的含义或不够尊敬的表达方法。”(《语言与语言学词典》,斯托克和哈特曼等编)委婉语是社会语言学和语用学研究的课题之一,同时也是跨文化交际中一个重要话题,它使用更礼貌文雅的方式,代替了唐突、直接的表达,顾及听话者的利益,给与其礼貌与尊重,最终达到良好的交际任务。它又是人们在社会交往中为寻求理想的交际效果而创造的一种恰当的语言形式,是用来维系人与人之间交际活动顺利进行的有效润滑剂,是保全交际中双方面子的重要手段。由于中西文化的差异,两种语言的委婉语在使用上有明显的差别。因此,就中英两种语言的学习者和使用者而言,了解和掌握中英委婉语在社会交际中运用的异同可以借以避免尴尬的意图,交流信息,实现以言行事;减少语用失误、文化冲突带来的摩擦,维护说话双方利益并保全面子,从而提高语言学习者和使用者的语用能力及跨文化交际能力,促进各方关系融洽,达到理想交际效果。
从电影《弱点》看美国的家庭教育

最新英语专业全英原创毕业论文,都是近期写作1 民族文化差异与广告语言创意2 探究马克吐温的反奴隶制观—对《哈克贝利费恩历险记》中吉姆的分析3 从中美送礼习俗分析两国文化价值观的差异4 译者的身份5 中学英语互动教学研究6 魔法世界的双重间谍——《哈利波特》西佛勒斯•斯内普的矛盾形象分析7 美国动画片名的翻译8 杰克伦敦《野性的呼唤》中人生哲学的主题分析9 从奈达翻译理论初探英汉新闻导语翻译策略10 美的遗失与幻灭——论托妮莫里森小说《最蓝的眼睛》中的黑人世界11 商务交际中的模糊语言策略12 东方主义视角下康拉德《黑暗的心脏》中西方殖民话语分析13 高中英语课堂师生互动研究14 论《喜福会》中中美文化的冲突与融合15 从生态批评角度解析杰克伦敦的动物小说《野性的呼唤》和《白獠牙》16 从《小妇人》看男性缺失时十九世纪美国女性的成长17 What to Love and Hate ----on "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn"1819 论《简爱》中的经济意识20 文化语境维度下中餐菜名的英译研究21 英汉味觉词“酸甜苦辣”的比较分析22 论《杀死一只知更鸟》的成长主题23 浅析《红字》中的象征意义24 汉语无主句英译方法探析25 影视字幕翻译原则——从文化角度进行研究26 莎士比亚悲剧人物的海明威式英雄特征——以《哈姆雷特》与《奥赛罗》为例27 商标翻译中的文化差异28 从《悲悼三部曲》看尤金•奥尼尔对古希腊悲剧的继承性超越29 浅析《飘》中女性主义的萌发30 论商业广告中的翻译对等原则31 A Comparative Study Between the Novel To Kill A Mockingbird and Its Film Adaptation32 Strategies of Trademark Translation from Cross-cultural Perspective33 从违反合作原则研究《生活大爆炸》34 A Contrastive Analysis of Chinese and English Euphemisms for Death from the Perspective of Culture35 The Name Translation in A Dream of Red Mansions36 从冲突到融合——从文化的角度看《喜福会》37 《哈姆雷特》戏剧中的悲剧因素38 论口译中的跨文化意识39 论翻译的艺术40 论《看不见的人》黑白文化矛盾体41 英汉委婉语的对比及翻译42 A Research of Translation of English Songs into Chinese by Poetic Norms43 中英爱情谚语的隐喻研究及其翻译44 语义翻译与交际翻译在英语专业八级翻译考试中的应用45 解读《纯真年代》中的女性主义46 Eco-Critical Reading of The Call of the Wild47 (日语系毕业论文)关于中日赞赏语的比较研究48 论接受理论对儿童文学作品的影响——以《快乐王子》中译本为例49 从文化角度谈美国俚语的汉译50 The Comparison of Word Order between the Report at the th National Congress and Its English Version51 Risk Comparing of Documentary Collection and Letters of Credit52 托尼•莫里森小说的家庭关系53 《了不起的盖茨比》中乔丹•贝克的人物分析54 高中英语词汇教学中文化意识的培养55 从语用学角度分析美剧《绝望主妇》中的委婉语56 On the C-E Translation of Public Signs57 爱伦坡短片小说“美女之死”主题研究58 对《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中人物的圣经原型解读59 从形合和意合看汉英翻译中句子结构的不对应性60 试析英语谚语中的性别歧视61 从《寻找格林先生》看索尔•贝娄对生命意义的探寻62 An Analysis of Young Goodman Brown from the Perspective of Symbolism63 圣诞节对大学生的影响的调查研究64 论《儿子与情人》中保罗人格形成的影响因素65 浅析英文商标翻译中的问题及对策66 A Southern Elegy—a Feminist Study on Faulkner’s A Rose for Emily67 A Tentative Comparative Study between Chinese Wine Culture and Western Wine Culture68 英语经济新闻标题翻译在模因传播中的分析69 英汉习语的文化内涵对比分析70 归化、异化翻译策略比较研究:以《简•爱》两个汉译本为例71 中国的超前消费以及其对“八十后”的影响72 《鲁滨逊漂流记》中的个人主义73 浅析商务谈判中的恭维语应用74 中美饮食文化实体行为与非实体行为的民族差异75 论《儿子与情人》中的父子冲突76 从好莱坞电影中的中国元素看美国对中国意识观念的转变77 An Analysis of The Woman Warrior from the Perspective of Construction of Discrete Identity in Chinese American Community78 Judy’s Double Character in Daddy-Long-Legs79 从目的论角度看英语电影片名翻译——以基本颜色词为例80 像滚石一般流浪:六十年代鲍勃迪伦歌曲中的旅行者意象81 浅析远大前程中皮普转向成熟的过程82 Effects of First Person Narration on Thematic Expression in Araby83 广告翻译中的语用失误研究84 The Application of Functionalist Approaches in Advertisement Translation85 《彼得潘》中彼得潘形象分析86 A Brief Study of Anti-female Bias in English87 旅游翻译中的跨文化语用失误88 析《虹》中的象征意义89 从十字军东征看中世纪宗教冲突90 《蝴蝶君》中两位主角的心理冲突91 语用移情及其在英语学习中的运用92 Difference in Chinese and Western modes of Thinking and Its Influence on College English Writing93 解析《德伯家的苔丝》中女主人公的反叛精神和懦弱性格94 纳博科夫小说《洛丽塔》的爱情讽刺95 Perseverance in Belief—On the Death of Martin Eden96 歧义的语用研究97 中美价值观的比较--以《老友记》为例98 爱伦坡哥特式小说探析99 The Multiple-Personality in the Hero of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde100 浅谈国际商务谈判礼仪101 On Translator’s Subjectivity from the Feminist Perspective102 国外品牌翻译及其接受度研究103 初中英语合作学习104 从合作原则的违反看小品“卖拐”中的幽默105 从动物习语的比较看中西方文化差异106 The Developments of Marriage View over Three Periods in the West107 中西方饮食文化比较研究108 中小学辅导机构英语教学模式——一对一教学与小班课堂教学教案的比较分析109 关联理论视角下的新闻翻译110 王尔德唯美主义对现代消费文化的启示--以《道林格雷的画像》为例111 A Brief Analysis of the Auspicious Culture in the Wedding Custom Between China and Western Countries112 论高中生英语阅读技能的培养113 论商标名称汉英翻译中的合作原则114 英汉基本颜色文化内涵对比115 从目的论看儿童文学翻译--兼评《小王子》中英译本116 从《老人与海》看海明威的硬汉精神117 语言迁移在英语教学中的应用118 中西文化差异分析—以国际商务谈判为视角119 从花语的不同含义浅析中西方文化差异120 《高级英语》中某些修辞手法赏析121 浅析中西方文化差异对广告翻译的影响122 中英问候语对比研究123 Vague Language and Its Pragmatic Functions in Diplomatic Language124 论社会达尔文主义的“适者生存”在《热爱生命》中的运用125 《献给艾米莉的一朵玫瑰》之哥特风格126 从关联理论分析辛弃疾的诗词翻译127 从《肖申克的救赎》看体制化对个人的影响128 达尔文主义视角下的《卡斯特桥市长》129 环境、性格、命运--评《远大前程》主人公皮普130 论中学英语学习策略131 丧钟为谁而鸣中的罗伯特形象132 游戏在初中英语教学中的作用133 《中国日报》与《纽约时报》灾难新闻之比——以系统功能语法为视角134 浅析英诗翻译的原则和方法——丁尼生《鹰》的不同译文比较135 An Analysis of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “Babylon Revisited” from the Perspective of Interpersonal Function136 论《蝇王》中人性的泯灭和救赎的无力137138 分析《永别了,武器》中Henry的硬汉形象139 海明威战争小说人物悲剧色彩研究140 On Womanism in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple141 从文化差异比较研究中美家庭教育142 通过苔丝透析托马斯哈代的现代女性意识143 中西方茶文化映衬的文化差异144 论《德伯家苔丝》中安吉尔行为的合理性145 《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫的人物性格146 浅析中西饮食文化的差异147 英语国家姓氏文化研究148 《爱玛》中女性主义的双重复写——论个人意识与阶级意识的冲突149 Cultural Connotation of Color Words in Chinese and Western Culture150 从中美数字谚语看中美文化的差异151 从交际翻译理论看幽默对话翻译——以《老友记》第一季为例152153 从合作原则看卡尔登的性格特点154 哈克贝里·费恩与汤姆·索亚性格的对比分析155 独立学院英语专业大一学生阅读策略使用情况调查与分析156 中国跨文化交际学研究存在的不足与建议157 英汉“悲伤”情感隐喻认知对比分析158 The Comparison between“the Mean”of Confucius and“the Mean”of Aristotle159 On the Image of Women's Language in English160 对《一小时的故事》的批评分析161 The Analysis of Cultural Differences between Chinese and English Animal Idioms162 关于《麦田里的守望者》主人公霍尔顿悲剧人生的分析163 如何培养初中生开口说英语的习惯164 任务型教学的真实性原则在我国现行初中英语教材中的应用体现165 《荒原》中的神话溯源166 The Application of Situational Approach in Middle School English Teaching167 公共标识翻译的跨文化语用学研究168 高中英语课堂师生互动研究169 Study on the Basic Principles of Legal English Translation170 体态语在英语课堂教学中的运用研究171 论《喧哗与骚动》中凯蒂•康普生的悲剧172 照进黑暗的光--电影《弱点》主题阐释173 英雄精神的回归—浅析《雨王汉德森》的主题174 觉醒的女性意识:《嘉莉妹妹》中女性主义分析175 浅析肯德基在中国的本土化策略176 从对立到和谐—解读伍尔夫《到灯塔去》的女性主义177 A Study of Beauty in Sound, Form and Meaning Displayed in Zhang Peiji’s Prose Translation 178 从功能翻译理论的角度论中文菜单的英译179 中国领导人讲话中中国特色词汇的汉英翻译180 从《认真的重要性》中的布雷克耐尔夫人看维多利亚时代贵族女性特点181 从社会语言学角度解读《蜗居》对话折射的生存焦虑182 从多视角比较《论读书》的两个译本183 从《蜘蛛侠》系列看美国的英雄主义184 中小学辅导机构英语教学模式——一对一教学与小班课堂教学教案的比较分析185 Study on Chinese and Western Menu Translation in View of Dietary Cultural Diversity186187 从大卫•芬奇《七宗罪》看宗教极端主义188 商标的特征及其翻译的分析189 从涉外婚姻分析中西方文化差异190 一个自我矛盾的精神世界—《达洛卫夫人》中的对照与一致191 从女性主义视角浅析《纯真年代》中两位女主人公爱情观的不同192 从希斯克利夫的悲剧人生看“如何被逼出邪恶的人性”193 中英礼仪文化禁忌比较与跨文化交际194 A Comparative Study on Metaphors of FIRE between English and Chinese from a Cognitive Perspective195 房地产广告的英译研究196 如何提高学生的自主学习能力197 关联理论视角下幽默的英汉翻译198 口译中的简化与增补199 从电影《弱点》看美国的家庭教育200 从“礼貌原则”看中国学习者在跨文化交际中的语用失误——以“please”为例。
新版开题报告英语下载

2019年开题报告英语新版年开题报告英语相关内容:一、课题背景及意义 (课题的立题依据及研究意义)research background:a language not only expresses facts, ideas, or events which represent similar world knowledge by its people, but also reflects the peoples attitudes,...为您提供免费英语开题报告范文下载,英语开题报告范文是《》为考生朋友提供的免费英语开题报告范文专栏,涵盖了丰富的免费英语开题报告范文的相关文章。
...随着XX年申奥的成功,中国加入wto世贸组织以后,英语作为全世界通用的语言被我们更加的认可,全国上下老老少少都掀起了学英语风,许多家长亦是如此,他们希望自己的孩子将来能够成才,在这种期望的引导下,家长们都非常重视对幼儿的英语早...Function and Application target=_blank>开题报告范文・英语开题报告范文・论文开题报告格式・会计开题报告...论文题目:高中艺术生英语学习兴趣的培养与激发一、研究问题与文献综述(研究背景与问题、相关文献综述、主要参考文献)1.研究背景目前,我国艺术类专业逐渐成为社会热门专业,越来越多的学生热衷于此类院校,中学艺术生的扩大,是随着社会...(一) 论文名称a probe into the differences of taboo between western and chinese cultures跨文化交际中的禁忌问题---中西方文化差异之探讨(二) 研究课题的目的与意义禁忌是世界各民族之间普遍存在的一种文化现象,禁忌规范了人们的言语...中英文题目the contrastive analysis of conversational characteristics between chinese and american tv talk shows中美电视谈话节目会话特点的对比分析选题依据(选题经过,国内、国外研究现状)reasons for choosing the title1....论文题目a receptor-oriented study on the chinese-english translation of public signs接受者角度下的公示语英译(一)基本思路(包括选题来源、解决的主要问题、基本内容、意义方法等,不少于300字)when we review resent years...一、开题背景英语是21世纪人才必备技能之一,其重要性不言而喻,为全面推进素质教育,适应国民综合素质提高的需要,教育部规定从XX年秋季起,全面推进小学开设英语课程。
Contrastive Analysis语言学中的对比分析

Corpus-based data/ Introspective data
Introspective data is based on intuition to make judgment, the judgment of sentimentality. Personal judgment may not always be reliable, but this procedure can not be abandoned because it is very convenient. So that is why everybody uses it. You can not mix the two data. You can only use one, either corpus-data or introspective.
Contrastive pragmatics ----Analysis needs to consider not only linguistic contrasts but also pragmatic contrasts such as the similarities and differences in the stylistic uses , cultures , and other communicative networks.
他赞美大学辉煌的美是因为那是痛恨愚昧的人孜孜求知之所领悟真理的人诲人不倦之generallyenglishchineseappearlogicalcharacteristicsdirectstructurespiralstructurerespectively
Contrastive Analysis
a collection of materials that has been made for a particular purpose, such as a set of textbooks which are being analyzed and compared or a sample of sentences or utterances which are being analyzed for their linguistic features.
英美文学论文题目全集

黑色的坚毅——小说《飘》主人公的性格分析Black Determination——An Analysis of the Personalities of the Main Character in Gone with the Wind从浪漫走向世俗的新型女性——《理智与情感》中玛丽安的性格分析人性的扭曲信任的危机--重读《奥》剧杂感Random Thoughts on Othello爱情叙写与人性魅力--论《红与黑》中两位女主角Love Account and Human Fascination-- On the Two Heroines in "The Red and the Black"风暴之女--艾米莉·勃朗特--评析作家经历和性格对作品的影响《荒野的呼唤》中"巴克"的多重性格分析Analysis of the Complicated Nature of Buck in ″The Call of the Wild″《呼啸山庄》中希斯克利夫扭曲性格分析《裸者与死者》中的受虐性格分析Analysis of the Masochistic Character Portrayed in The Naked and the Dead压抑与扭曲的灵魂——霍桑《红字》主人公人物性格分析The Constrained and Distorted Soul ——the Analysis of the Protagonists Disposition of "The Scarlet Letter"财经类院校英语专业"体验英美文学"教学模式探究On the Teaching Strategy of Experiencing British and American Literature英美文学虚拟教学课堂的架构设计The Architecture Designing of Virtual Classroom of British and American Literature高校英语专业英美文学课程的现代教学思路增强英美文学意识促进英语语言教学当代英美文学的存在主义解读Interpreting Contemporary British and American Literature From the Angle of Existentialism奈保尔的旁观者写作视角与象征写作手法Onlooker's Perspective and Symbolism ofV.S .Naipaul's Writing福克纳小说中象征隐喻手法微探On the Skill of Symbolic Metaphor in Faulkner' Novels詹姆斯·乔伊斯作品中象征主义手法的运用有组织的混乱,制度化了的疯狂——透视《第二十二条军规》的写作手法Organized disorder and the systemized chaotic society试析《这里的黎明静悄悄》小说的写作手法中国象征派诗歌与西方象征主义之关系浅探Relation between Chinese Symbolic Poetry and the Western Symbolism战争的棋子——茨威格笔下受战争戕害的人物分析The Chess of the War——The Analysis of the Victim in the War from Zweig沉重的背叛——《生命中不能承受之轻》主人公萨宾娜人物分析The oppressive betrayal——The character analysis of the heroine, Sabina, in The Unbearable Lightness of Being Hester and Dimmesdale’s Attitudes towards Love and life in The Scarlet Letter论《红字》中海斯特和丁梅斯代尔对爱情、罪恶、生活的态度On Sister Carrie’s Criticism upon American SocietyOn Scarlett’s Attitude towards Life关于斯佳丽的生活观On the Characterization of Picaresque Huck论哈克的流浪汉形象On the Moral Spirit in the Great Gatsby.论《了不起的盖茨比》中的道德观Thomas Hardy’s Pessimism in Tess of the D’urbervellesA Study of Tom Joad in the Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》的中汤姆•约德研究Mark Twain’s Linguistic Style in The Adventures of Tom SawyerOn the Characteristics of Uncle Tom汤姆叔叔的性格分析A Study of the Themes in a Farewell to ArmsThe Tragic Fate of “a Pure Woman”in the Conflict of the Individual and the Society“一个纯洁女人”在人与社会发展冲突中的悲剧命运On the Language Style of a Midsummer-Night's Dream论《仲夏夜之梦》的语言风格The Social Significance of Swift's Gulliver's TravelsThe Psychological Analysis in Macbeth论莎士比亚《麦克白》的心理刻画Inflexible Ada in Cold Mountain《冷山》中执著的艾达On the Romanticism and Realism of Alice in Wonderland论爱丽丝梦游仙境的童话性与现实性On the Tragicomedy of Rebecca in Vanity Fair论《名利场》中利蓓加的悲喜一生On the Humour of Oliver Twist论《雾都孤儿》的幽默艺术Tom Jones, a Dissipated but Kindhearted Man放荡而又善良的汤姆琼斯The Free Will and Rebellious Spirit in Paradise Lost《失乐园》中的自由意志和反叛精神On the Development of Shylock’s Character论夏洛克的性格发展Morality and Criticism in Tom Jones评《汤姆•琼斯》中的道德观与批评观On Imogen,the New Feminine Image in Cymbeline论《辛白林》中伊慕琴的新女性形象Burns’View on Love and Friendship论彭斯的爱情友谊观The Reflection of Art and Life in Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode on a Nightingale《希腊古瓮颂》与《夜莺颂》中艺术与生活的对照The Womanism in "The Color Purple"On the Differences between Chinese and Westerners in Non-language Communication谈中国人和英美人非语言交际的差异On the Contribution of the American Blacks during American Civil War美国黑人在美国历史上的贡献On American Black English浅谈美国黑人英语On the Differences of the Marriage Concept between Chinese and American浅谈中美婚姻观念的差异A Contrastive Analysis of Table Manners and Culture between China and Western CountriesOn the Ideological Content in Bacon’s Essays论培根散文的思想性Women's Movement in 1960s in American美国六十年代的妇女运动Analysis the negative effects of violent television and movie on children浅析影视暴力对青少年儿童的负面影响The Influence of Chinese Cultural Circumstances on English Learning汉语环境对英语学习的影响A Comprehension of Male Centrad Literature through A Doll’s House"Application of the communicative Approach to Reading Comprehension","英语教学法""The Use of Body Language in Middle School English Teaching ","英语教学法""Teaching Vocabulary Within a Communicative Frame Work用交际法教词汇","英语教学法" "Develop Students' Reading Skills in English Teaching","英语教学法""A Brief Analysis of Improving Senior Middle School Students' Reading Ability浅谈高中生英语阅读能力的提高","英语教学法""The Characteristics of Athletic English and Its Translation 体育英语的特点及翻译","翻译""The Semantic Contrast of Color Words between English and Chinese and their Translation 中英颜色词的语义对比及翻译","翻译""Chinese Reduplicated Words and their Translation into English 汉语叠词及其英译","翻译""Brand Translation 商标翻译","翻译""On Translating Methods of Numerals between Chinese and English中英数字的翻译方法","翻译" "Literal and Free Translation in the Translation of Advertisement Headlines and Slogans 广告用语的直译和意译","翻译""On the Translation of Chinese Trade Mark into English 中文商标的英译","翻译""The Analysis of the Chinese Topic Structure and Its Translation 汉语话题结构的分析及其翻译","语言学""English Euphemism: Classification and Application","语言学""Differences Between Chinese And English Culture Reflected in Connotation of Dragon 从龙一词的文化内涵看汉英文化的差异","文化"" English Vocabulary Teaching Tactics in Junior Middle School初中英语词汇教学策略","英语教学法" "A Brief Presentation of Body Language in Intercultural Communication 跨文化交际身势语简述","文化" "English Euphemism: Classification and Application 英语委婉语的分类及其应用","语言学""A General Study of Women's Culture对女性文化的初步探索","文化""Criticism on American Southern Womanhood in the Sound and the Fury 浅谈《喧哗与骚动》中对于美国南方妇道观的批判","文化""Reproduction of African Myth--on Colonialism in \"Heart of Darkness\" 非洲神话的再现-"黑暗之心"中的殖民主义","文学""The Unification of T.S.Elict's Artistic Theory and Practice As Seen in the Waste Land 论"荒原"中T.S.艾略特的艺术理论与实践的统一","文学""The Application of Gothic Theme"呼啸山庄"中哥特主题的应用","文学""The Family Tragedy and Behavior Analysis of Teresa Degarge对特丽莎家庭悲剧和行为表现的研究","文学""HAMLET APPRECIATION --SHAKESPEAKE'SSUCCESS IN CHARACTERS'S DEPIET"哈姆雷特"赏析--莎士比亚成功的人物描写","文学""An Analsis of the Artistic Features of Lord of the Flies对小说《蝇王》的艺术特色的研究","文学""A Exploration of Fagin Characters and His Function in Oliver Twist 对费金这个角色在《雾都孤儿》中作用的研究","文学""THE ANALYSIS OF LISTENING APPROACH IN ENGLISH TEACHING 英语教学中关于听力教学方法的分析","英语教学法"" and Absurd Theatre《第二十二条军规》与荒诞戏剧","文学""Brief Analysis of Chinese students Errors in English Reading简要分析中国学生在英语阅读中的错误","英语教学法""The Causes of Sophy's Tragedy造成苏菲悲剧的原因","文学""Culture Differences and Translation文化差异和翻译","翻译""Charactecistics and Translation of Adventisement广告英语的特征及其翻译","翻译""Principles and Methods on Brand-Translation商标翻译的原则和方法","翻译""The Study on Features of Advertising and its Translation 广告语的点及其翻译","翻译""Non-Correspondence in English-Chinese Translation of Color Words中英文翻译中颜色词的非对应","翻译""A Study on the Translation of Movie Titles电影片名的翻译","翻译""On the Cultural Signification of Animal Idioms and Translation动物俚语文化含义与翻译","翻译""The Translation of Color Terms试论颜色词的翻译","翻译""A comparative Study of the Old Man and the Sea---Concerning the Perfection in Literary Translation《老人与海》译文比较-谈影响文学翻译完美性的因素","翻译""On the Translation of Advertisement ――From the Perspective Of Functionalist Theory从功能派理论角度看广告翻译","翻译""Influence of Cultural Differences on Translation of Idioms文化差异与习语翻译","翻译""Foreignizing and Domesticating Translations in Cross-cultural Vision跨文化视野中的异化和归化翻译","翻译""The Subject and Topic in Chinese-English Translation Shift汉译英中的主位与话题","翻译""The Loss of Affective M eaning in Translation ―from the Perspective of Cultural Differences从文化差异的角度看翻译中情感意义的丢失","翻译""Scarlett's Courage斯佳丽的勇气","文学""Views on Marriage in Jane Austin's Pride and Prejudice简奥斯汀《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观","文学" "The Images of Ice and Fire in Jane Eyre 《简爱》中冰与火的意象","文学""The Narrative Techniques in The Great Gatsby 《了不起的盖茨比》中的叙述技巧","文学""William Faulkner's View on Women in His "The Sound and The Fury"福克纳在小说<>中的女性形象","文学""Discussion on the Causes of Tess's Tragedy苔丝悲剧的原因分析","文学""Multiple Themes on The Old Man and the Sea 《老人与海》中的多重主题","文学""Educational Fascination and Essential Designs of Film Course 电影资源的教育魅力及其教学应用的关键设计","英语教学法""The Difficult Factors for Senior Middle School Students Dealing with the Syntax of Reading 高中生在处理阅读句法时的困难因素","英语教学法""How to Improve Class Teaching Art 如何改进课堂教学艺术","英语教学法""The Practice of Innovative Spoken English Teaching in Rural School浅议英语口语创新教学在农村中学的实施","英语教学法""A Brief Comment on the Importance of Setting Situational Context in Teaching 简述情景语境在教学中的重要性","英语教学法""Combination of Games and Teaching in Junior Middle School English 游戏与初中英语教学的结合","英语教学法""How to Improve English Listening Skills怎样提高英语听力能力","英语教学法""Inquiry Learning of English in Senior High Schools 高中的英语研究性学习","英语教学法""Semi-autonomous Learning in Classroom Teaching 课堂教学中的半自主学习","英语教学法" "Vocabulary Teaching Strategies at Intermediate Level 中级词汇教学策略","英语教学法""Problems of and Solutions to Junior Middle School English Language Testing 初中英语测试问题及其对策","英语教学法""Enlightenments from 11 Professors' Foreign Language Study Experiences 11位教授们外语学习的启示","英语教学法""Considerations on English Culture Teaching in Junior Middle Schools in China 初中英语文化教学的思考","英语教学法""Task-bases Approach to Teaching English Reading in Senior Middle School 高中英语阅读的"任务式教学" ","英语教学法""Analysis of Characters in the Scarlet Letter红字中的人物分析","文学""The Application of Irony in Pride and Prejudice 反讽艺术在《傲慢与偏见》中的运用","文学""The Disillusionment of the American Dream in the Great Gatsby 《了不起的盖茨比》中美国梦的幻灭","文学""Ernest Hemingway and His Code Hero in The Old Man and the Sea 厄尼斯特·海明威和他《老人与海》中的准则英雄","文学""An Analysisi on Hamlet's Characters 浅析哈姆雷特的性格","文学""Virginia Woolf's Feminism in A Room of One's Own 《一间自己的房间》一书中伍尔夫的女权思想","文学""On the Explicitness and Implicitness of Conjunctions in English-Chinese Translation Process论连词再英汉翻译中的显性和隐性存在","翻译""On The Application And Connotation Of Color Words 颜色词的运用及其含义","语言学" "Approaching Domestication and Foreignization in Translation from a Functional Perspective从功能翻译角度看归化与异化","翻译""On Translation of Idioms 论习语的翻译","翻译""On Wordsworth and His Conception of Nature 论华兹华斯和他的自然主义情结","文学""On Marriage Reflecting wrence's View on Sex and Love Brief in Women in Love论《恋爱中的女人》婚姻反映D.H劳伦斯的性爱观","文学""On Catherine's Contradicition in ''Love'' And In ''Wuthering'' Heights呼啸山庄中凯瑟琳"爱"的矛盾","文学" "The Destruction of the Nature of Daughter--The Root of Tess's Tragedy大自然之女的摧毁-苔丝悲剧的根源","文学""The Causes of Tess's Tragedy苔丝悲剧成因","文学""Views On Marriage In Jane Austin's Pride and Prejudice简评《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻","文学" "Dickens's Humanitarianism In A Tale of Two Cities双城记中狄更斯的人道主义","文学""Comparison between English and Chinese Taboos英汉禁忌语比较","语言学""Culture Teaching in the Language Acquisition of Middle School-Train students' Intercultural Communication Competence中学英语学习中的文化教学——培养学生的跨文化交际能力","英语教学法" "An Analysis of English and Chinese Proverbs in Intercultural Communication跨文化交际中英汉谚语浅析","语言学""Analysis of Body Language in Nonverbal Communication非言语交际中的体语分析","语言学" "Translation of Chinese Receipts and the Differences of Cookery Culture between Chinese and English-speaking Countries中餐菜谱的英译及中西饮食文化差异","翻译""Words Cultural Connotation in Translation词语文化内涵在翻译中的体现","语言学""A Comparative Study of the Cultural Differences between Chinese and English Kinship Terms英汉亲属称谓差异比较研究","语言学""On Cultural Differences and Translation of Color Words汉英色彩词的文化差异及其翻译","语言学" "Cultural Differences and Translation文化差异及其翻译","文化""On the Untranslatability due to Cultural Differences不可译现象在中英文化差异中的体现","翻译" "Extra-linguistic Context and Translation非语言语境与翻译","翻译""Comparison and Translation of Chinese and English Idioms汉英习语对比与翻译","翻译""On Translation of Chinese and English Idioms from Cultural Perceptives从文化的角度谈英汉习语的翻译","翻译""Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Idioms And Translation中英文习语翻译中的文化差异比较","翻译""Negative Transfer of Mother Tongue in Writing","语言学"" Politeness in Cross-Cultural Business Negotiation","商务英语""A Cross-culture Comparison of Euphemism in Chinese and English英汉委婉语的跨文化比较","语言学" " On Comparisons Between Chinese and Western Food Cultures 浅谈中西饮食文化的比较","文化" "Cultural Comparison Between English and Chinese Animal Expressions 动物词语的中英文化比较","语言学""On Difference of Cultural Connotation Between Chinese and English Color Words 浅析英汉颜色词文化内涵的差异","语言学""Impact of Culture Differences on Brand Translation of Trademarks 文化差异对商标翻译的影响","翻译" "Negative Transfer of Mother Tongue in Writing母语负迁移对写作的影响","语言学"" Politeness in Cross-Cultural Business Negotiation跨文化商务谈判中的礼貌用语","商务英语"" On Comparisons Between Chinese and Western Food Cultures 浅谈中西饮食文化的比较","文化" "Cultural Comparison Between English and Chinese Animal Expressions 动物词语的中英文化比较","语言学""On Difference of Cultural Connotation Between Chinese and English Color Words 浅析英汉颜色词文化内涵的差异","语言学""On Culture and Addressing Terms in Chinese and English 汉英语言之文化及其称谓语","语言学" "Rhetorical Devices in English Poems and their Stylistic Effects 英语诗歌中的修辞手段及其文体学效果","语言学""Reflection on the English Taboo Words论英语禁忌语","语言学""On Sexism in The English Language论英语语言中的性别歧视","语言学""Cultural Context and The Translation of Metaphors文化语境和隐喻的翻译","翻译""A Pragmatic Analysis of the Relations Between the Politeness Principle and the Cooperative Principle","语言学""A Pragmatic Analysis of the Relations between the Politeness Principle and the Cooperative Principle礼貌原则与会话合作原则关系的语用分析","语言学""Communicative Approaches and its Application to Grammar Teaching交际教学法及其在语法教学中的运用","英语教学法""Understanding and Translation of Polysemous Words 多义词的理解和翻译","语言学""Conversion of Part of Speech in English-Chinese Translation 英译汉中词类的转换","翻译" "Foreignizing and Domesticating strategies in Cross-cultural Translation 跨文化翻译中的异化与归化策略","翻译""Cultural Differences in English and Chinese Idioms and Their Translation 英汉习语的文化差异及翻译","语言学""The Phenomena of the Nominal Ellipsis in EST 科技英语的名词性省略现象","语言学""Cultural Differences and Brand Translation 文化差异与商标翻译","商务英语""A Study of the Chinese-English Translation of Trademarks 浅谈商标的汉英翻译","翻译""Irony in Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》中的反讽手法","文学""The" Tragicomic" Nature of far from Madding Crowd远离尘嚣的悲喜性","文学""Tragic Consciousness in Hemingway's Work悲剧意识在海明威作品中的体现","文学""Submersion and Survival of Gatsby's Greatness盖茨比伟大精神的泯灭和残存","文学""The Opinion of Emme's Happiness爱玛的幸福观","文学""How To deal with culture-loaded words in idioms translation习语翻译中文化词的处理","翻译" "Cultural Connotation and Translation for Color Words颜色词的文化内涵与翻译","翻译""The Translation of English Loanwords into Chinese英语外来词汉化的基本途径","翻译""When in Rome do as the Romans do——On translation of Chinese trademarks into English 入乡随俗——论中文商标的英译","翻译""Cultural differences and Translation between Chinese and English Idioms汉英习语的文化差异与翻译","翻译""Foreignization In Translation in the 21st in China21世纪中国的异化翻译","翻译""The Transfer of Culture Image and of English and Chinese Idioms in Translating论英汉习语翻译中的文化意象的转化","翻译""From Realism to Idealism ━Views on Jane Austen's Attitude towards Marriage in Pride and Prejudice 从现实到理想━论简·奥斯丁在《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观","文学""Techniques employed to create mystery and suspense in Jane Eyre浅析《简·爱》中运用的神秘和悬念技巧","文学""On the Development of Jane Eyre's Rebellious and Indomitable Character简析简·爱的反抗和不屈服性格的发展过程","文学""On Jane Eyre's Contradictory Characteristics 对简·爱矛盾性格的剖析","文学""Prynne's Final Return 白兰的最后回归","文学""Tess: A Pure Woman —An Analysis of Tess'Tragic Fate 苔丝:一个纯洁的女人—对苔丝悲剧命运的分析","文学""Scarlet's Characters—American traits 思嘉的性格—美国性格","文学""on Situational English Teaching in Middle School中学英语情景教学","英语教学法""on the Application of Nonverbal Communication in English Teaching浅谈非语言交际在英语教学中的运用","英语教学法""on Strengthening Mutual Promotion between Study and Research in English Teaching关于英语教学中加强学习与研究的相互促进","英语教学法""On Body Language in English Teaching 中学英语教学中的肢体语言","英语教学法""On English PHB Idioms and Their Culture 论英语人体器官习语与其文化","语言学""Found the Teaching Situation to Create Students'Individual Character创设教学情景,培养创新能力","英语教学法""How to Promote the Effectiveness of Communicative Language Teaching in Senior English Teaching如何促进交际语言教学在高中英语教学中的有效性","英语教学法""How to Activate Students' Motivation in Middle School English Class 如何在中学英语课堂上发挥学生的能动性","英语教学法""The innovation of Junior English Assignment初中英语作业布置的改革","英语教学法""The Signification of Nonverbal Communication in English Teaching非语言交际在英语教学中的重要性","英语教学法""Application of Playing Games to Middle- school English Grammar Teaching and its Effects中学英语语法教学中游戏的运用及其效果","英语教学法""English teaching from Presentation -Practice -Production to Task-Based Learning","英语教学法" "Basic Strategy for Advertisement Translation-Target-language Oriented Strategy 广告翻译的基本策略--以目的语言为取向的翻译策略","翻译""Cultural Discrepancies in E/C Idioms and Their Translation 英汉习语的文化差异及其翻译","文化" "Lexical Rhetorical Devices in English-Chinese Translation 英汉翻译中的词义修辞格","翻译""The Criteria of the Translation of Computer English计算机英语的翻译标准","翻译" "Comprehension: A Very Important Part of Translation理解:翻译中不可或缺的一部分","翻译""The Translation of the Brand Name 商标名称的翻译","翻译""Strategies for Translationg English Slang into Chinese英语俚语汉译的技巧","翻译""Interpretation of Becky and Amelia in Vanity Fair《名利场》中蓓基和爱米丽娅的形象分析","文学" "Struggle in Nothingness——A Study of Hemingway's theme in A Farewell to Arms 虚无的抗争——《永别了武器》主题研究","文学""An Analysis of Charlotte Bronte' Character 夏洛蒂勃朗特的性格分析","文学""A Sad Melody of Female Characters in The Great Gatsby 《了不起的盖茨比》的一曲女性悲歌","文学" "Dickens's Characerization in The Pickwick Papers 狄更斯在《匹克威克外传》中的人物塑造","文学""The Manifestation of Naturalism In Sister Carrie 自然主义在《嘉莉妹妹》中的体现","文学""Reality and Dream——a Comarisom of Charlotte Bronte's and Jane Eyre's worlds 现实和梦想——夏洛蒂勃朗特和简爱世界对比","文学""On the Tragedy of Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights 论《呼啸山庄》中希斯克里夫的悲剧性","文学""A Brief Analysis of the Similarities between Madame Bovary and Tess of The D'urbervilles 浅析《包法利夫人》与《德伯家的苔丝》之相似点","文学""An Analysis of Roger Chillingworth in The Scarlet Letter 《红字》中齐灵窝斯之人物分析","文学" "Emotionality and Rationality----An Analysis of Jane Austen's Romanticism and Realism in Terms of Elizabeth's Marriage 感性与理性——从伊丽沙白看简.奥斯汀浪漫主义与现实主义并存的婚姻观","文学" "An Analysis of the Defects in Jane Eyre's Character 试析简.爱的性格缺陷","文学""The Analysis of the Characteristics of Oliver Twist 奥列佛.特威斯特之个性分析The Analysis of the Characteristics of Oliver Twist ","文学""An Analysis of the Multiple Images of Buck in The Call of the Wild 《野性的呼唤》中巴克多重形象之分析","文学""Cultural Factors in the Translation of Poems诗歌翻译中的文化因素","翻译""Cultural Differences and the Translation of Brand Names文化差异与商标翻译","翻译""Cultural Differences and Untranslatability文化差异和不可译性","翻译""Cultural Differences and Vocabulary Translation文化差异及词汇翻译","翻译""The Application of Fuzziness in the Translation翻译中的模糊语现象","翻译""Translator as Artist -Translator's Individuality in Literary Translation译者作为一位艺术家--论文学翻译中的译者个性","翻译""The Translation of Movie Titles电影名的翻译","翻译""Analysis of the Cultural Differences Between Chinese and English Address Forms 中英称谓语文化差异分析","文化""A Contrastive Study of Address in Chinese and English 中英称谓对比研究","文化""A Pragmatic Analysis of English Euphemism 英语委婉语语用分析","语言学""On the Features of Advertising English 试论广告英语的特征","商务英语""On the Cultural Differences of Color Words Between Chinese and English 论中英色彩词的文化差异","语言学""Cultural Differences and Similarities in Personal Space Between Chinese and Americans 中美交际空间的文化差异","文化""A Study of Allusions from the Perspective of ICC Competence 从跨文化交际能力角度看典故","文化" "Translating the English Verbs into Chinese 英语动词的汉译","翻译""Colour Words and the Translation 颜色词及其翻译","翻译""Domestication and Foreignization in The Book of Songs 诗经翻译的归化和异化","翻译""Cultural Comparison and Idioms Translation 文化对比与习语的翻译","翻译""Social-cultural Context and the Translator's Choice of Words ——A Comparison of Two Chinese Versions of Jane Eyre 社会文化背景和译者的选词——对简爱两种译本的比较","翻译""The Effect That Non-linguistic Context Has on Translation 非语言语境在翻译中的作用","翻译" "Cultural Gaps between English and Chinese Idioms and Their Translation 英汉习语的文化差异及其翻译","翻译""A Tentative Exploration of Second Culture in FLT 外语教学中第二文化初探","英语教学法""Words Translation between Different Cultures 不同文化中词汇的翻译","翻译""Body Language on International Communication","文化""Cultural Connotation of Animal Words and Translation 动物词汇的文化内涵与翻译","语言学""On Cultural Differences and Idiom Translation 文化差异与习语翻译","翻译""Gender Differences Reflected in Advertisement 性别差异在广告中的反映","文化""Cultural Barriers in Reading of English 英语阅读中的文化障碍","文化""The Reflection of Lawrence's Thoughts in Three Aspects On Lady Chatterly 劳伦斯三方面思想在查特莱夫人身上的反映","文学""A Brief Talk on Gothic Novel:Jane Eyre 浅谈哥特体小说《简爱》","文学""Analysis of the Characters of the Code Hero from Hemingway's Point of View of Death 从海明威的生死观的角度论述准则英雄的性格特点","文学""Symbols in The Grapes of Wrath《愤怒的葡萄》中的象征涵义","文学""Naturalism In D H Lawrence' Works劳伦斯作品中的自然主义","文学"" Analysis of the Tragic Image-Mary and her Characteristic in The Long Days' Journey into Night浅析《长日入夜行》中的悲剧人物玛丽和她的性格","文学""A Good ,Perfect Tutor and Companion of Frederic Henry-An Analysis of Catherine Barkley 《永别了,武器》中的凯瑟琳巴克莱—亨利的爱情导师和人生伴侣","文学""The Influence of the Black on the American Music 黑人对美国音乐的影响","文化""Comparing the Symbolic Meanings of Color Words in Chinese and English 英汉颜色词象征意义的比较","语言学""Afro-American Athletes Dominate Some Sports 关于美国黑人在某些体育运动上优势成因的探讨","文化""A Contrastive Study of the Connotations of Flowers in English and Chinese 英汉花卉的文化内涵比较","文化""Social and Cultural causes of Sexism in English and Chinese英汉语中性别歧视现象的文化和社会成因分析","文化""Some Women Character In David Copperfield","文学""THE SUN ALSO RISES ANG THE LOST GENERATION","文学""An Ethic Conflict between Extreme Individualism and Morality in Jack London's The Sea Wolf 杰克伦敦的《海狼》中极端个人主义与道义的冲突","文学""Hardy's Narrative Skill in Tess of the D'Urbervilles","文学""The Blood of Jesus Christ","文学""An Analysis of Scarlett's marriage分析思佳丽的婚姻","文学""The International Theme in Henry James' Works 亨利.詹姆斯作品中的国际题材","文学""On the View of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice论《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻观","文学""On Hemingway Code Hero","文学""Non-correspondence in Word Meanings Due to Cultural Differences 由文化差异引起的汉英词义的非对应性","语言学""The Analysis of Bodylanguage in Inter Cultural Communication 浅析跨文化交际中的体态语","文化" "The Study of Sexism in English and Chines Language 英汉语言中性别歧视的研究","语言学" "Chiese and Westren-style Diet Cultural Differences 中西方饮食文化差异","文化""Address and Cultural Difference 称呼语言与文化差异","语言学""Cultural Differences Between English and Chinese Metaphorical Expressions in Translation 英汉比喻性表达的文化差异与翻译","语言学""Discussion about the Differences of Color Words Between English and Chinese 中西方语言中有关颜色词的差异","语言学""On Translation of English Trademarks Into Chinese----On Beauty In Sense Sound And Form浅谈英文商标的汉译--意美,音美,形美","翻译""Some of the Ways to Idiom Translation 习语翻译法","翻译""Paralanguage and Literature Translation -With Reflections on the Version of Dream of Red Mansions 副语言与文学翻译--对《红楼梦》译本的思考","翻译""Methods of Translating Color Words Based on Cultural Differences between Chinese and English","翻译""Culture-gap Words and the Translation文化空缺词及其翻译","翻译""Understanding-the Key to Translation理解是翻译的关键","翻译""A Brief Talk about Two Approaches to the Translation of Metaphor浅谈隐喻翻译的两种方法","翻译" "A Glimpse of English Film Title Translation 英语电影名翻译一瞥","翻译"" THE SYMBOLISM IN WOMEN IN LOVE论恋爱中的女人》中的象征手法","文学""Humanity in Great Expectations《远大前程》中的"仁爱" ","文学""The Tragic Colour of Tess of the D'Urbervills 论《德伯家的苔丝》的悲剧色彩","文学""The Similarities between Jane Austen and Elizabeth in Her Novel Pride and Prejudice 简.奥斯丁和其小说《傲慢与偏见》中伊丽莎白的相似点","文学""To Development of Jane Eyre's Characters 论简爱性格的形成","文学""The Revenge in Wuthering Heights 论《呼啸山庄》中的复仇","文学""Study on the Pursuit of Harmonious Male-female Relationship in Sons and Lovers 《儿子和情人》中追求和谐的两性关系的研究","文学""Symbolism in Faulkner's A Rose for Emily《献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》中象征手法的运用","文学" "Marriage in Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》中的婚姻面面观","文学""Writing Techniques in Martin Eden 论《马丁.伊登》的写作手法","文学""Love Hatred and Revenge in Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》中的爱,恨与复仇","文学"" Analysis of the Protagonist's Character of Emma《爱玛》中女主角性格分析","文学""Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter《红字》中的象征意义","文学""Humanistic Spirit in Dickens's Works人文主义思想再狄更斯作品中的体现","文学""Social-cultural Differences and the Translator's Choice of Words社会文化差异与译者的选词","翻译" "The Application of Domestication and Foreignization in the Translation of Culture 文化翻译中归化与异化的应用","翻译""Cultural Differences and Untranslatability文化差异与不可译性","翻译""The Context in Relation to Translation语境与翻译","翻译"。
中英文指称的对比分析

中文摘要衔接是篇章中的句子在语义和表层结构中的连接方式,是构筑篇章的重要手段之一。
本文以韩礼德的功能主义语言学理论为基础,辅以大量英汉对比例句,分析了作为衔接方式之一的指称在英汉两种语言系统中的异同。
指称衔接关系又可进一步分为人称指称关系、指示指称关系和对比指称关系。
通过对比分析,我们发现英语和汉语的人称指称系统在指称功能上并无多大差异,其区别主要体现在英汉人称代词在表达和形态上的差异,而导致这种差别的主要原因正是英语重形和而汉语重意和。
相对而言,汉语语篇中的指示指称较之英语复杂,本文重点比较了两种语言在表示近指和远指概念时选词的区别,体现了英语重客观逻辑而汉语多受主观因素影响的特点。
总的来说,英汉两种语言的比较指称系统并无多大差异,主要都是通过形容词和副词来表达比较意义的。
人称指称的对比分析对于翻译实践,尤其是对增词等具体翻译技巧的应用有很好的借鉴和指导作用。
在外语教学实践中,衔接理论是传统教学的有效补充,指示指称的某些词项的功能可以解释语法规则望尘莫及的一些语言现象。
外语教学者可以从中受启发,博采众长,把语言学领域的新研究成果和理论用于指导教学。
关键词:指称;衔接;语篇;话语;功能AbstractOneofthechieftasksoftextualanalysisistoidentifythelinguisticfeaturesthatcausethesentencesequencetocohere.ThetiesthatbindatexttogetherareoftenreferredtoundertheheadingofcohesionReferenceiSoneofthefourwaystorealizecohesioninatext.TheauthorofthispapercomparesandanalyzesthetextualreferenceinChineseandEnglish,pointsouttheirdifferenceandcornnrlonnesswithsomecontrastiveexamplesandtriestodiscoverhowanEnglishoraChinesetextishierarchicallyorganizedaswellashowitisputtogetherKeywords:reference;cohesion;text;discourse;functionAcknowledgementsGratitudeisduetomysupervisor,ProfessorDengMingde,whoreadmydraftwithgreatpatienceandgavememuchinvaluableadviceforimprovements.Hespurredmeonwhile1wasatalossastowhereandhowfarIshouldcontinue.IowethecompletionofthisthesislargelytoProfessorDeng’Sinstructionandhelp.IanlalsoindebtedtomycolleagueJiangXueting,whosesuggestioninspiredmetomakeacontrastiveanalysisofthereferencesystemofEnglishandChinese.Inaddition,1wouldliketoextendmythankstoMichelleTang,whoencouragedmethroughoutthispainstakingprocessofproducingthethesisOnReferenceinEnglishandChinese:AContrastiveStudyIntroduction_——WeareplanningatripthisJuly.Areyougoing?一Whois“wc'’?——Mycolleaguesandme,ofcourse,一Thenwhydidn’tyousay“Theyareplanningatrip.Arewegoing?’’一Idon’tgetatit.What’sthedifference?一YouandIaresupposedtobeawhole‘‘We”shouldrefertoyouandmeSohowcallyouexcludeme,yourfiancee?!一Ok,it’smyfault.Oh,wait,wait.It’sourfault.Thisdialoguewasbetweenmyfianc6andmeatthedinnertableseveralmonthsago.IcannotexplainwhyIflewintosuchapassionoffurythen.Anyway,itseemednobigdeal.Howcarlwords,suchas‘Ⅶey”,“we”and“you”makethedifference?Unfortunately,thefactis,theydo.Atleasthischoosingtosay“we”and“you”insteadof“they'’and‘Ⅵe,’widenedthepsychologicaldistancebetweenus,whichirritatedmealot.Itstruckmethatsomethingaboutpronounscarlbeafeasibletopicofmythesis.Thepotentialforcohesionliesinthesystematicresourcesofreference(includingpronouns,ofcourse),ellipsisandsoonthatarebuiltintothelanguageitselfHallidayclaimsthatcohesionisrealizedbythefollowingfourresources,namely,reference,ellipsis,conjunctionandlexicalcohesion.Theidentificationofsomeoptionalformswithintheseresourcescallsforustolookelsewhere,eitherinthetextprecedingorfollowingitoroutintotheworld,thus,acohesivetieisestablished.ThecohesionliesintherelationthatisbuiltbetweenthereferencejtemandthereferentBasedonHalliday’sfunctionallinguisticsandsupplementedbyQ!墅垒堡里里g!!些竺垒曼!!!竺!垒曼!望:!!!!堂adequateexamplesbothofEnglishandChinese,thisthesismakesacontrastivestudyofthereferencesystembetweenthesetwolanguages.Section1summarizesdifferentapproachestothestudyofreference.ThisthesisadoptsthefunctionalapproachproposedbyHallidayandHasan.Itconcernsthedistinctionbetweentwopairsofcloselylinkedterms,i.e.,text/discourseandcohesion/coherence.SincethereexistdifferencesinthedefinitionoftextZdiscourseamonglinguists,aworkingdefinitionoftextisattemptedhere,Itisasemanticallyunifiedmeaningfulwhole,whichhasacertaincommunicativegoal.Inseparablefromtheconceptoftextarecohesionandcoherence.Partsofatextareorganizedandrelatedtoothersinordertoformameaningfulwhole.Cohesionisasemanticconceptreferringtotherelationofmeaningwithinthetext.Itisanabsoluteconceptofobjectivitywhilecoherenceissubjectiveandofrelmivenature.Itisamentalphenomenonandcannotbeidentifiedandquantifiedinthesamewayascohesion.Cohesionisacruciallinguisticdeviceintheexpressionofcoherentmeanings.Havingmadeclearthetheoreticalbackground,theauthorbrieflyIntroducesthreereferencedirections.Endophoraoperateswithinthetext,whichcanbefurtherdividedintoanaphora(backwardreference)andcataphora(forwardreference)whileexophorarelatestotheoutsideworld.Referenceisfurtheridentifiedaspersonalreference,demonstrativereferenceandcomparativereferenceaccordingtothepartsofspeechoftheveryreferenceitem.+Inthenextsection,adetmledcomparativestudyismadebetweentheandChinese.TheresultsshowthattherepersonalreferenceofEnglishexistslittledifferenceinthereferentialfunctionbetweenthetwolanguages.ThedivergencyliesinthefactthatasthereareinflectionsandcasesinEnglish,Englishspeakersregularlyrelyonthelexicalmethodtoexpressreference.Chinesespeakers,conversely,tendtousesyntacticdevicetoproducecohesiveeffects.Generallyspeaking。
改革开放的翻译

原文11.改革开放胆子要大一些,要敢于试验。
冒一定的风险是必要的。
不冒点风险,办什么事情都有百分之百的把握,万无一失,谁敢说这样的话? 一开始就自以为是,认为百分之百正确,没那回事。
我就从来没那么认为。
每年领导层都要总结经验,对的就坚持,不对的就丢掉或赶快改,新问题出来抓紧解决,无论是打仗还是搞改革,都经不起慢腾腾的决策。
在很多情况下,都需要冒险试一试,然后一边前进一边改正自己的错误。
恐怕再有三十年的时间,我们才会在各方面形成一整套更加成熟,更加定型的制度。
在这个制度下的方针、政策,也就更加定型化。
(《邓小平文选》)英文翻译:In adhering to reform and opening up,we should be lion-hearted and dare to experiment. Taking certain risks is necessary. Nobody dares to claim that all things will be one hundred percent sure and guaranteed complete success without taking any risks. There is no such thing that we are opinionated from the beginning and believe it to be one hundred percent sure. Such a thought has never occurred to me yet. Every year,the leadership should sum up what they have learnt so that we can continue with the right practices and discard or rectify the wrong ones in no time and solve new problems as soon as they arise. No fight or reform can afford slow decision-making.In many cases,we should take a chance and keep moving forward alongwith correcting mistakes. I am afraid that only after another 30 years can we form a set of much more mature and consistent system,under which all the guildelines and policies will be more firmly established,too.The Comparation of Differences on Translation Between English and Chinese(比较英汉翻译的不同)徐锦(外国语言文化分院英语1104班)摘要:翻译教学和研究的经验表明:翻译理论和技巧必须建立在不同语言和文化的对比分析的基础上。
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意译
• 意译就是按意思来译,在英语 中也称为“free translation”。 严复说: “译事三难: 信达雅”。 如果说直译追求的是“信”或 者忠实、形似,那么意译就追 求的是“ 达” 或者通顺、 意似。 • “粽子”——a pyramidshaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves” • “粽子”的译文体现了其外形特 征及构成。当“ 粽子”有一天 和“饺子”一样成为世界食品 时,“ 粽子”的最佳翻译还应 该是音译“zong zi”,而不是现 在的意译或释译。
道家学说
• “无为”意为无为而治,是 《道德经》的总纲。这两 个字反映了老子的辩证法 思想,同时反映了他的治 国之道。有人译为 “effortless action”,有人 译为“non-action against action”,还有人译为“do nothing”或“wuwei”。笔 者认为这几种译法如果没 有注解或解释,“无为” 是很难被西方人理解的。
儒家学说
• 中国的哲学思想也是翻译的难 点之一。“仁”是儒家学说的 核心。一个“仁”字却使译者 大伤脑筋。是“love”? 是 “goodness”? 还是“humanity” 或“human-heartedness”? 其 实,“仁”字远远超过了这些英语 词的含义。“仁”字包含了孔 子思想的精髓。孔子曾多次解 释该词的意思——“爱人”, “克己复礼为仁”。由此可见 “仁”的含义是如何深奥。现 在许多译文将“仁”译作 “benevolence”,并且还有解 释,这样就清楚了。
直译
• 直译包括两层意思:逐字翻译( word-for-word translation) 和按照字面意思翻译( literal translation) 。中国传统文化 中许多词语都是用这种方法翻译的,如: • “四书”——“Four Books” • “五经”——“Five Classics” • “龙舟”——“dragon boat” • “剪纸”——“paper-cut” • “文房四宝”——“Scholars’ Four Jewels” • “八股文”——“eight-part essay” • “春节”——“Spring Festival” • “糖醋排骨”——“sweet and sour spare-ribs” • “北京烤鸭”——“Beijing roast duck”
Outline
• 中国传统文化英译常见难点:
• • • • •Βιβλιοθήκη 中医 儒家学说 道家学说 气功 二胡
• 中国传统文化英译的对策:
• 音译 • 直译 • 意译
中医
• 在中医理论的英译中, 我们会碰到 诸如“虚”、“实”、“寒”、 “ 热” 等词语。这些词语在中医 理论中被赋予了深奥的意义, 难以 在英语中找到对应、达意的词语。 一种译法: • 虚——underactivity 实—— overactivity • 寒——cold 热——heat • 这种译法多少只表达了其表面内 容, 没有完全表达出中医理论的实 质。 • “虚” 和“实” 是指体质的强弱 与疾病的严重程度。“虚”即 “虚症”,是正气虚,也就是患 者抵抗力弱。“实” 即“实症”, 是邪气实,也就是病理反应强。 • 抵抗力强的人常常患实症,即 “寒症” 和“热症”,在中医里 不只是感觉上的寒和热,而是一 种错综复杂的情况。
中医
• Practitioners(医师) of traditional medicine track down symptoms by looking , smelling , asking detailed questions and taking the pulse. • “望诊”其实是观察病人的精神、 气色及形态,而“look”却不能表达 出这个意思。这里的“望”应译为 “observing the patient carefully”。 • “闻诊”包括两层意思: 闻声音和 嗅气味,而“smell”只表达了其中 的一层意思。这里的“闻” 应译 为“listening to the patient's voice and pay attention to any odor of the patient”。
道家学说
• 道家学说中的“道”字常被译为 “the way”,“得道”译为 “achieve the way”。笔者认为 “the way”只是“道”的一个方面, 而不是全部。“道”是万物之本, “道”是万物之源。在《道德经》 第一章中,老子这样写道:“道 可道, 非常道”,就是说道家说的 “道”已超越了常人认为的道。 是一种看不见,摸不着,却又存 在的无物之物。它是不以人的意 志为转移,无处不在,无时不在, 永远运行的无状之物。如此复杂 的含义,一个“way”字恐怕是表 达不了的,必须加以解释或注解 才能使西方人了解其含义。
• 中西方在历史背景(history)、社会习俗(social customs)、 宗教文化(religious practices)、意识形态(ideology)等方面 的差异, 为中国传统文化英译提出了许多值得商榷的问题。 文化空缺现象就是其中的一个方面。 我们常常碰到这样 的情况: 反映中国传统文化特色的词语在英语中几乎无对 应或相近的表达方式——文化空缺造成了词语空缺。 • “Cultural vacancy” : Some words and expressions conveying the features of Chinese traditional culture have no equivalents in English.
二胡
• 有人把民间乐器“二 胡”译为“second fiddle”,这个译法显然 不合适。“二胡”之 所以称之为二胡,是 因为该乐器有两根弦, 并非有第二根弦之意。 所以,“二胡”可译 为“two-stringed fiddle”或“Er Hu”。
音译
• 英译汉时可以将许多反映西方文化的词语用音译 的方法译入汉语,比如:“可口可乐”、“沙 发”、“华尔兹”、“麦当劳”、“巧克力”、 “咖啡”等。这些词随着西方文化的传入,在我 国已经被接受,成了汉语中的外来词汇。 • 那么,在英译中国传统文化的实践中,音译也可 被广泛采用。目前,音译这种方法主要用来翻译 一些哲学思想、中医理论、部分年号如“永乐”、 “景泰”、“雍正”等及古代文人名称如“秀 才”、“举人”、“进士”等等。对这些在英语 里找不到对应表达方式的词语,采用音译加解释 (或文化注解) 的方法,十分可取。
中医
• 虚—— symptoms showing deficiency of vital energy and resistance of diseases • 实—— symptoms of high fever or disorders as stasis(停滞) of blood, constipation(便秘), etc. (suffered by patients who are physically strong as a result of combating of resistance against evils in the body) • 寒—— symptoms caused by cold factors such as chill(寒气), slow pulse , etc. • 热—— symptoms caused by febrile(发热的) factors
直译
• 这种翻译方法有很大的局限性。一是因为逐字逐 句翻译是十分机械和死板的, 加之英汉在语言单位 划分、句法结构形式等方面的明显差异,使译者 很难找到恰当的搭配及完全相等的字眼。二是直 译虽然简洁明快,不拖泥带水,但往往会使读者 对词语的理解只停留在表面,不能完全深入其文 化内涵。如果在直译的基础上, 对有些词语适当加 注,效果则更好。 • 比如给“eight-part essay” 加上“a literary composition prescribed for the imperial civil service examinations, known for its rigidity of form and poverty of ideas”
Contrastive Analysis between Chinese and English
汉译英过程中文化空缺现象探索
• 选自外语教学 (Foreign Language Education) • 第 21 卷,第 4 期 • 2000 年 10 月 • 作者:潘惠霞, 李辉
Abstract
气功
• “气功”中有两个概念词— —“气”和“阴阳”不好译。 有人把“气”译为“air”。 笔者不敢苟同。“气”的 概念来源于中国传统医学 理论,可分为好几种:元 气,脏腑之气,卫气和营 气。对中国人来说“气功” 里的“气”是一种运行于 经络之间的东西,是一种 动力。“air” 的意思与其 相比, 相差甚远。所以, 翻译“气”时,多为音译。