国际货运代理专业英语

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国际货运代理英语(货代英语)

goods and service).

International trade is also a branch of economics, which together with international finance, forms the large branch of international economics.
6. Steps （步骤）of International Trade
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Starting with market research Seeking customers Contact each other by sending inquiries Status inquiry（询价状况） Quotations or offers;acceptance or non acceptance Order; contract Obtaining import/export license; opening L/C ，receiving L/C Preparation of goods by the seller Inspection or survey of goods Reserving shipping space（订舱） Effecting insurance Customs clearance Shipping advice Negotiation of export documents under L/C by the beneficiary Redemption of documents （赎单）under L/C Customs clearance for import Delivery of goods Lodging and settling claims （索理赔）(if any)

国际货运代理专业英语

1. Scope of …Originally,a freight forward was a commission agent performing on behalf of the export/import route tasks such as loading/unloading of goods,storage of goods,arranging local transport,obtaining payment for his customer,etc..However,the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.Today,a freight forwarder plays an import role in international trade and transport.The services that a freight forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of servicies covering the total transportation and distribution process.(Export) Unless the consignor,the person sending goods,or the consignee,the person receiving goods,wants to attend to any of the procedural（程序上的）and documentary formalities(正式的) himself,it is usually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved.The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors（转包商）or otheragencies employed by him.He is also expected to utilize,in his connection,the services of his overseas agents.Briefly,these services are：Study the provisions of the letter of credit and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export,the country of import,as well as any transit country,he would also prepare all the necessary documents.Pack the goods,taking into account the route,the mode of transport,the nature of the goods and applicable regulations,if any , in the country of export,transit contries and country of destination.Arrange warehousing of the goods,if necessaryWeigh and measure the goodsDraw the consignorˊs attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods,if required by the consignorTransport the goods to the port,arrange for customs clearance,related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier.Attend to foreigh exchange transactions,if anyPay fees and other charges including freightObtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor Arrange for transshipment en route of necessaryMonitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarderˊs agents abroad.Note damages or losses,if any,to the goodsAssist the consignor in pursuing claims,of any,against the carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to themOn behalf of the consigeeMonitor the movement of good on behalf of the consignee when the consignee controls freight,that is,the cargoReceive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goodsTake delivery of the goods from the carrier and if necessary ,pay the freight costArrange customs clearance and pay duties fees and charges to the customs and other public authoritiesArrange transit warehousing,if necessaryDeliver the cleared goods to the consigneeAssist the consignee,if necessary,in pursuing claims,if any against the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to themAssist the consignee ,if necessary,In warehousing and distribution2. Incoterms 2000---major trade termsInternational rules for interpretation of trade termsICC:International Chamber Of CommerceLater amendments and additions were made to it to bring the rules in line with current international trade practices（贸易惯例）,Eeach term specifies whether the buyer or the seller is responsible for arranging such necessary as export license,customs clearance,inspections,and other obligations.They specify at which point the risk of loss and /or damage passes from seller to buyer as well as which party pays for specific activities .A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms,therefore,will have a mutual understanding of their rights,cost,and obligations1. FOB---Free on board―Free on board‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail at the named port of shipment .This means that the buyer has to bear all costs and risks of loss of or damage to the goods from that point.The FOB term requires the seller to clear the goods for export .This term can be used for sea or inland waterway transport.2. CFR---Cost and freight―Cost and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods pass the shipˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risk of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the time of delivery,are transferred from the seller to the buyer. The CFR term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.This term can be used only for sea and inland waterway transport..3. CIF---Cost,Insurance and freight―Cost Insurance and freight‖ means that the seller delivers when the goods psss the shipsˊs rail in the port of shipment.The seller must pay the costs and freight necessary to bring the goods to the named port of destination BUT the risks of loss of or damage to the goods,as well as any additional costs due to events occurring after the tine of delivery ,are transferred from the seller to the buyer.However ,In CIFthe seller also has to procuer insurance against the buyerˊs risk of loss of or damage to the goods during the carriage.Consequently,the seller contracts for insurance and pays the insurancepremium.The CIF term requires the seller to clear the goods for export.3. Terms of shipment in the Contracts for the International Sale of goods When buyer and seller discuss the terms of the contract, terms of shipment are compulsory.Terms of shipment inculde methods of trasport , time of shipment,partial shipment and transshipment,port or place of loading and unloading ,shipping documents,etc,Here only time of shipment will be discussed.Time of shipment refers to the time limit for loading the goods on board the vessel at port of shipment ( If shipment is made by sea ).There are several ways of stipulating time of shipment :●Shipment on or about June 20,2002●Shipment not later than July 31st 2002.or latest shipment date:July 31st,2002●Shipment to be made during June/July ,2002●Shipment with 15 days after receipt of remittance.●Shipment with 30 days after receipt of L/C .In order to prevent the buyer from openingthe L/C later ,the export should stipulate at the same time ―The relevant L/C must reach the seller not later than August 20,2002.‖●According to UCP 500, if the experssion ―on or about‖or similar experssions areused,banks will interpert them as a stiulation that shipment is to be made during the period ,from five days before to five days after the specified date,both end days included.For example , if the L/C stipulates that shipment date is ―on or about July 20 ,2002‖. Then the goods can be shipper from July 15 to July 25.The word‖to‖, ―until‖, ―till‖,‖from‖and words of similar expressions applying to any date or period in the credit referring to shipment will be understood to include the date mentioned.The word ―after‖ will be understood to exclude the date mentioned.The terms‖first half‖, ―second half ― of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 15th , and the 16th to the last day of such month, all dates inclusive.The terms ―beginning‖ ,‖middle‖,or ―end‖ of a month shall be construed respectively as the 1st to the 10th , the 11th to the 20th ,and the 21st to the last day of such month ,all dates inclusive.When the traders discuss the time of shipment in the contract.1. The export should consider whether he can get the goods ready before the shipmentdate and whether the ship is available if the goods are ready.2. The time of shipment should be stipulated in a clear and flexible way.Stipulation like ―shipment on July 20‖ is clear,but not flexible, if the seller can not get the goods ready befort that, he will break the contract.Expressions such as ―prompt‖, ―innediately‖, ―as soon as possible‖, and the like should not be used .If they are used bankes will disregard them ,If these terms are used,disputes may occur because there is no uniform explanation of these terms.3. Sometimes ,the L/C simply stipulates an expiry date without a shipment date ,which means these two dates are the same ,For example, if the L/C stipulates that the expiry date is July 31st without a shipment date, then the latest shipment date is also july 31st .In this case,the exporter should ship the goods much earlier than july 31st so that he can leave enough time fou himself to get all the documents ready and present the documents to his bank within the validity of the L/C .If the exporter ships the goods on july 31,it is very difficult for him to present the documents to the bank on the same day.3. The Expiry Datea. If the expiry date of the credit and/or the last day of the period of time forpresentation of documents stipulated by the credit falls on a day on which the band to which presentation has to be made is closed,the stipulated expiry date and/or the last day of the period of tine after the date of shipment for presenation of documents, as the case may be ,shall be extended to the first following day on which such bank is open.b. The lastest date for shipment shall not be extended by reason of the extension ofthe expiry date and /or the period of time after the date of shipment for presentation of documents. If no such lastest date for shipment is stipulated in the credit or amendments,banks will not accept transport documents indicating a date of shipment later than the expiry date stipulated in the credit or amendments.4. Marine Cargo Insurance1. Principles of marine cargo insuranceThe marine cargo insurance is based on the principles of insurable interest ,utmost good faith ,and indemnity .No contract of marine insurance is valid unless the assured has an insurable interest in the subject matter insured at the time of loss. Cargo insurance is a contract of indemnity ,that is, to compensate for the loss or damage in terms of the value of the insured goods , The amount insured as agreed between the insurer and the assured forms the basic of indemnity .The principle of utmost good faith is indispensable in any insurance contract .A contract of marine insurance is a contract based upon the utmost good faith ,and ,if the utmost good faith be not observed by either party, the contract may be avoided by the other party .2. Insurance PremiumThe premium is the consideration which the insurers receive from the assured inexchange for their undertaking to pay the sum insured in the event insured against .The general guiding rate of the insurance premium is 1% of the amount insured .The premium rates may vary ,for example , from 0.5% to 2.5% or less depending on factors such as :type of goods ,the contry and distance of destination ,value of the goods ,mode of transportation, the type of risks covered ,container or bulk shipment and type of packing . The minimum amount insured should be the CIF or the CIP value of the goods plus 10%.3. Insurance PolicyInsurance policy is an evidence of insurance contract issued by the insurer or underwrite to the assured .It stipulates each party ˊs rights and responsibilities .The format of insurance policy forms varies from insurer to insurer. Insurance policy or certificate ,and endorsement are the main ones used in daily business. The policy must be issued and signed by an insurance company or its agent . If more than one original is issued and is so indicated in the policy , all the originals must be presented to the bank, unless otherwise anthorized in the letter of credit .4. Types of basic coverageThe basic coverage in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses is FPA , WA/WPA and All Risks Coverage .（1）Free From Particular AverageThe risks coverd in FPA coverage basically means that only total or constructive total loss of the whole consignment of cargo but no partial loss or damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities , such as heavy weather , lightning , tsunami ,earthquake and flood .Total loss or partial loss is recoverable from the insurer incurred as a result of specific casualties ,e ,g.,collision ,standing siking of the vessel .It also covers general average and salvaing the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under the policy .（2）With Particular Average (WA / WPA)WA / WPA provides larger cover than FPA since partial loss and damage is recoverable from the insurer resulting from natural calamities ,That is the only difference between WA / WPA and FPA in PICC Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses . （3）All RisksThis type of coverage is the most widely used in the transport of general cargo because it provides better coverage the WA / WPA type .Aside from the risks covered under WA / WPA type , it also provides insurance against all risks of less of or damage to the cargo insured arising from external causes in the course of transit . The All Risks does not cover risks of war , strike and other special additional risks such as failure to delivery , import duty , on deck , rejection ,aflatoxin etc .The general additional risks such as theft , pilferage & non—delivery risks , fresh water and /or rain damage risks shortage risks , intermixture and contamination risks , leakage risks ,clask and breakage risks , taint of odour risks , sweat and heating risks , hook damage risks , breakage ofpacking risks and rust risks are covered in All Risks coverage .5. The Practice Of International Ocean Cargo Transportation1. Transport GeographyAn internationanl freight forwarder should be familiar with international trade routes . He or she should have knowledge of main traffic routes location of ports ,trans—shipment points and inland centres . A freight forwarder shoule also have a general idea of the pattern of international trade and its changing trends .2.1) Conference linesA shipping conference is a group of shiping lines operating in any particular routeunder agreement to provide a scheduled service with a common tariff and a fixed itinerary of ports of call .The purpose of a shipping conference is to eliminate price competition among member lines and reduce outside competition by trying to capture most of the traffic for member lines through loyalty arrangements with shippers .The main advantages of the conference system to shippers are stability of freight rates and regularity of srevices . However , the disadvantages are obvious . Rates are usually high . Rates do not fluctuate accoding to supply and demand as in a tramp service Rules and procedures are inflexible .2) None—conference linesIn recent years , along most international routes , none—conference lines have posed a challenge to the conference system . This is attributable to the development of containerization and emergence of many independent carriers .As a result ,along some routes ,the conference lines have been forced to come to terms with the non—conference lines in regard to rates , and terms and condition of service .3) Non—vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC)An NVOCC is a carrier when operates a regular scheduled service . He does not own or operate the vessels by which sea transportation is provided . Although the NVOCC is a carrier in his relationship with the actual carrier . He is a shipper in his relationship with the actual shipper . He assumes the role of a principal and performs several functions . He assumes responsibility for ocean carriers , both conference and non—conference lines .He renders a useful service by providing grouppage or consolidation services , particularly to small shipper who do not have much bargaining power in nagotiating rates .4) Tramp serviceTramp service has on fixed itinerary or schedule and is operated on any route according to supply and demand Tramp vesseles are usually chartered at negotiated rates , particularly when the quantity of cargo is large .2. Shipping documentsThe documents commonly used in carriage of goods by sea are bills of lading , sea waybills, manifests , shipping notes , delivery orders and mat e′s receipt .The bill of lading by itself is not a contract of carriage as it is signed only by the carrier . Howerever , it provides evidence of contract of carriage . It serves as a receipt for goods delivered to the carrier . Besides , the bill of lading serves as a document of title enabling the goods to be transferred from the shipper to the consignee or any other party by endorsment .A sea waybill is the replacement of the traditional ocean bill of lading . The way billis a non—negotiable document and made out to a named consignee who is allowed , upon production of proper identification , to claim the goods without presenting the waybill .A cargo manifest provides information regarding cargo on board . A freightmanifest gives information regarding freight rates , surcharge ,rebates , etc . The manifest is prepared by the carrie r′s agent , but freight forwarder has to handle it while dealing with the customs and port authorities .A shipping note is issued by the shipper to the carrier requesting allocation ofshipping space . It is a commitment on the part of the shipper to ship the goods and serves as the basis for the preparation of the bill of lading .A delivery order is issued by the carrier or his agent to enable the consignee or hisforwarding agent to take delivery of the cargo (import cargo) from the vessel .A mat e′s receipt is the receipt issued by the carrier in the acknowledgement to thegoods received on board (export cargo)which is subsequently exchanged for the bill of lading .6. Documentary CreditIn international sales transactions different methods of payment are adopted depending mainly upon the relationship between the seller and the buyer . For example , if the seller and buyer know each other and have a long—standing business relationship , they may transact business on trust and the seller may periodically send invoices to the buyer for settlement . Payment may also be made by other methods such as ―cash with order‖ when the buyer sends a cheque or a bank draft with his order , or by ―documentary collection‖ , when the seller sends the buyer in the buye r′s country on the buyers′acceptance or payments , as may be specified in the documents .But in many cases , the seller and the buyer do not know each other and located in countries thousands of miles apart . They are not in a position to conduct their commercial transactions on trust . The seller is reluctant to part with his goods unless he is assured of possession of the goods . In order to reconcile the conflicting interests of both the parties and to provide a mechanism for payment in such situations , the International Chamber of Commerce has evolved what is knowm as ―Documentary Credit‖ . In simple terms , documentary credit means payment against documents instead of against goods . The documents transfer title to the goods .The ―Uniform Customs and Practive for Documentary Credit‖(UCP) Published by the International Chamber of Commerce contains detailed provisions dealing with the operation of documentary credit . It has been accepted and adopted by banks and banking associations throughout the world . It has brought the UCP into line with established and foreseeable practices regarding containerized transport and trade facilitation, the use of electronic data processing and the development of new types of credit like deferred payments and stand—by credits .As the documentary credit is operated through banks , therefore , it has certain advantages to both the seller and buyer : for the seller , it is a bank undertaking to which he can look for payment ; for the buyer , it is a conditional undertaking where payment can be made on his behalf only against the documents which will transfer to him the title to the goods .For practical purpose , assume that a local buyer agrees to buy goods from an overseas seller and under the sales contract , payment is to be made by banker′s letter of credit . To fulfill the contract , the buyer arranges with his bank to open a letter of cerdit for his account in favour of the overseas seller . The buyer is not required to pay for the goods until the arrival of the relevant shipping document . The seller , on receipt of a letter of credit , will have to prepare shipment of the contract goods within the delivery date . Once shipment of the goods is completed , the seller will be able to present all the documents to the negotiating bank for payment under the terms of the credit . The negotiating bank should ensure that the seller′s documents are drawn up in accordance with the credit terms before such documents are paid for and forwarded to the issuing the negotiated documents it will make up a debit note showing the total cost due and request payment from the buyer . Once the buyer accepts that the documents are in compliance with the terms of the letter of credit he must settle the bill in order to obtain the shipping documents so that he will be able to take delivery of the goods from the carrier or its agent . On settlement of the bill , the whole operation of documentary credit will be regarded as completed .8. Marine Bill of Lading---General Introduction1. General Concept of Marine Bills of LadingMarine Bills of lading are used primarily international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea . Definitions of the bill of lading vary from country to country . Broadly , the bill of lading has been defined as receipt for goods shipped of board a ships , signed by the person ( or his agent ) contracts to carry them , and stating the terms on which the goods were delivered to and received by the ship . It is not the actual contract , but forms excellent evidence of the terms of the contract .2. Functions of Marine Bills of LadingMarine bills of lading perform a number of functions . Generally , it is receipt for thegoods shipped , a document of title to the goods and evidence of the terms of the contract of affreightment .A bill of lading is a receipt issued , by a carrier that an identifiable consignment ofgoods has been received by him for shipment , or actually loaded on board his ship .The bill of lading as a receipt willl show the quantity and condition of the cargo loaded ,ship′s name , port of loading , the destination , details of date and so on .A bill of lading is a document of title to the goods . The possession of a bill of lading isequivalent in law to possesion of the goods . The holder of the bill of lading is able to obtain delivery of the goods at the port of destination and during transit the goods can be sold merely by endorsing the bill of lading .Additionally , the terms of the bill of lading provide evidence of the contract of carriage between the carrier and the shipper . The terms of the bill of lading contain the terms of the contract .3. Types of Marine Bills of LadingThere are several forms of bills of lading and these include the following :1) Order of ladingOrder bills are issued by carriers to the order of shipper or conginee . This means that the carrier , shippower , charterer or master will deliver the goods at the port of destination not solely to the named consignee , but so any person designated by him .An order bill of lading is a negotiable document . Order bills made out to consignee ―or order ― can be transferred by them by endorsment .2) Straight Bills of LadingIn contract with the order bills of lading , straight bills are those made out to named consigness without the addition of the word ―or order ― . They are not negotiable and cannot be transferred to third parties . Delivery of goods , thereore , can only be taken by the named consignee .3) Shipped Bills of LadingShipped bills state definitely that the goods have been loaded . It confirms that goods are actually on board the vessel . Most bills of lading forms are printed as shipped bills and commence with the wording :‖shipped in apparent good order and condition .‖4) Received for Shipment Bills of LadingReceived for shipment bills state that the goods have been received for shipment , and do not indicate the actual date of loading . The received for shipment bill of lading grew up because with the development of the liner services it became the custom for the shipowner to receive the cargo some hours or even days before it was actually loaded .5) Direct Bills of LadingDirect bills of lading are those covering shipment between direct ports of lading or discharge .6) Through Bills of LadingThrough bills of Lading cover shipment from or to ports involving transport by two or more shipping or railways companies . The shipping company , for additional freight ,undertakes to make all arrangement to get the goods to their destination .7) Clean Versus Foul Bills of LadingThe clean bill of lading bears an indication that the goods were received without damages , irregularities or short shipment ,usually the words ―apparent good order and condition ―. ―clean on board ― or the like are indicated on the B/LThe foul bill of lading—unclean bill of lading , dirty bill of lading or claused bill of lading –is the opposite of the chean bill of lading . It bears an indication that the goods were received with damages , irregularities or short shipment , usually the words ― unclean on board ―or the like are indicated on the B/L , for example , ― insufficient padking ―,‖missing safety seal ― and ―one carton short ―.9.Marine Bills of Lading ( 2 )--Making and signing ofA marine bill of lading can be drawn up in a variey of ways , but it is nearly always prepared on a pre—printed form .whatever its form , a bill of lading may contain some main elements ,such as quantity of cargo ,accurate cargo description and condition ,date of the bill of lading ,names of shipper and consignee , ports of lading and discharging , ship′s name,terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight.The shipp′s port agent , in fact , may be given the task of drawing up bills of lading .If there are subsequently required for letter of credit transactions , it is useful that the agent be supplied with appropriate details of that letter of credit so that all relevant material can be included in the wording .The main parties on a bill of lading are shipper,Conssignee. Notify Party and Carrier . The shipper is the person , usually the exporter , who sends the goods .Consignee refers to the person entitled to take delivery of the goods . Carrier is the person or company who has concluded a contract with the shipper for carriage of goods . Notify party is the party that the carrier must notify when the goods arrive at the port of destination . The carrier issues an Arrival Notice informing the Notify Party about the cargo discharge point , number of packages and other information.It is important to the date bills of loding correctly ,and as per the date on which the cargo is actually loaded . Cargo quantity and condition should also be adequately and correctly described in the bills of lading . Relevant comments should be entered in either tally or mate′s receipts , and thereafter in bills of lading .2. Issuing Marine Bills Of LadingAll bills should be signed by either shipping company or by a duly authorised agent .If time does not permit the ship′s master to sign the bills , a letter is usually dra wn up giving the port agent appropriate authority to sign bills of lading . The bill of lading must show how many signed originals were issued .The oringinals are marked as ―original ―on their face and all have equal value , that is , all have the same validity .The purpose of issuing more than one original is to ensure that the port of destination will receive the original when dispatched separately . The original B/ ;L are proof of ownership of goods , one of which must be surrendered to the carrier at destination , duly endorsed by the title holder in the goods in exchange for the goods or。

新编国际货运代理专业英语

新编国际货运代理专业英语New International Freight Forwarding Professional EnglishUnit 1 Introduction to International Freight Forwarding1.1 Definition and Functions of International Freight Forwarding 1.2 Main Participants in International Freight Forwarding1.3 Types of International Freight Forwarding Services1.4 Overview of International Trade and TransportationUnit 2 Documentation in International Freight Forwarding2.1 Bill of Lading and Its Types2.2 Air Waybill2.3 Consignment Note2.4 Packing List2.5 Certificate of OriginUnit 3 Transportation Modes in International Freight Forwarding 3.1 Sea Freight Transportation3.2 Air Freight Transportation3.3 Road Freight Transportation3.4 Rail Freight Transportation3.5 Multimodal TransportationUnit 4 Customs Clearance in International Freight Forwarding 4.1 Customs Regulations and Procedures4.2 Import and Export Declarations4.3 Tariffs and Duties4.4 Customs Duty Calculation4.5 Customs Exemptions and Special ProgramsUnit 5 Logistics Management in International Freight Forwarding 5.1 Supply Chain Management5.2 Inventory Management5.3 Warehousing and Distribution5.4 Risk Management in Logistics5.5 Emerging Trends in LogisticsUnit 6 International Trade Terms and Incoterms6.1 International Trade Terms and Definitions6.2 Incoterms - International Commercial Terms6.3 Incoterms 2020 Updates and Changes6.4 Role of Incoterms in International Freight Forwarding6.5 Case Studies of Incoterms UsageUnit 7 International Finance and Payment in Freight Forwarding 7.1 Trade Financing Methods7.2 Letters of Credit7.3 Documentary Collections7.4 Documentary Credits and UCP 6007.5 Payment Methods and Risk MitigationUnit 8 Insurance and Claims in International Freight Forwarding 8.1 Marine Insurance and Coverage8.2 Cargo Insurance Policies and Terms8.3 Claims Handling and Procedures8.4 Claims Settlement and Compensation8.5 Dispute Resolution MechanismsUnit 9 Quality Management in International Freight Forwarding 9.1 Quality Assurance and Quality Control9.2 ISO 9001 Certification9.3 Process Improvement in Freight Forwarding9.4 Key Performance Indicators for Freight Forwarding9.5 Customer Satisfaction and FeedbackUnit 10 Emerging Technologies in International Freight Forwarding10.1 Digitalization and Automation in Logistics10.2 Internet of Things (IoT) in Freight Forwarding10.3 Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain10.4 Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Logistics10.5 Future Perspectives and Challenges in Freight Forwarding。

国际货代英语完整讲义 Unit 15 Multimodal Transport

国际货运代理专业英语 Unit 15 Multimodal Transport一、多式联运的定义(考试重点)1-1 课文：Multimodal transport refers to a transport system usually operated by a carrier with more than one mode of transport under the control or ownership of one operator. (多式联运的定义，掌握)注释：multimodal transport: 多式联运 refer to: 查阅，提到，谈到 transport system: 运输系统，运输方法 operate: 营运 carrier: 承运人 mode: 模式，方式，样式control: 控制 ownership: 所有权，物主身份 operator: 营运人课文意思：多式联运是指由一个多式联运经营人控制或所有由一个承运人运营的使用两个或两个以上的运输方式的运输系统。

1-2 课文：Goods moving in international trade often have to pass through the hands of more than one carrier and over more than one mode of transport.注释：international trade: 国际贸易 pass through: 经过，通过课文意思：货物运输在国际贸易中通常会经手几个承运人并且要通过两个以上的运输方式才能完成。

1-3 课文：Under the conventional system of segmented transport, the consignor enters into separate contracts with each carrier, the liability of each carrier being limited to the carriage performed by him.注释：conventional: 常规的，传统的，惯例的 segmented transport: 分段运输(segmented: 分段的，区段的) consignor: 托运人，发货人 enter into: 缔结 separate: 分开的，不同的 liability: 责任，义务 be limited to: 受...限制，限制于... perform: 履行，执行课文意思：在传统的分段运输中，发货人/托运人需要与每个区段的承运人签订单独的运输合同，各区段承运人所承担的责任又受限于该承运人实际履行的情况。

国际货运代理专业英语

Unit 9New Words and Expressionscarton n. 纸板箱charterer n. 承租人commence v. 开始consignee n. 收货人consignment n. 交货，发货，运送contract n. 合同，契约damage n.&v. （货物）损坏deliver v.交付designate v.指定，指派destination n.目的港discharge v.卸货endorsement n.背书，签注equivalent n.等价的，相等的freight n.运费，货物，货运function n.作用；功能identifiable adj.可确认的irregularity n.正当（行为），异常issue v.开立，签发load v.装货master n.船长party n.当事人，（合同的）一方payment n.付款possession n.持有，占有quantity n.数量receipt n.收据shipment n.装运，（装船的）货物shipper n.托运人tally v.理货term n.条款title n.所有权，所有权凭证transaction n.交易transferable adj.可转让的transit n.运输，运送wording n.措辞；字句Arrival Notice 到货通知，到港通知carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输clean bill of lading 清洁提单contract of affreightment 货物运输合同contract of carriage 货运输合同delivery order 提货单direct bills of lading 直达提单document of title 物权凭证foul bill of lading 不清洁提单general cargo 杂货insufficient packing 包装不良；包装不固international sales of goods 国际货物销售letter of credit 信用证marine bills of lading 海运提单mate’s receipts 大副收据negotiable document 可转让提单Notify Party 通知方on board 在船上order bills of lading 指示提单port of loading 装货港received for shipment bills of lading 收货待运提单shipped bills of lading 已装船提单shipping company 海运公司，船务公司ship’s name 船名short shipment 短装，装货不足straight bills of lading 记名提单through bills of lading 联运提单Exercises1 Choose the right answer answer from the four choices below(1) _____state definitely that the goods have been loaded.A Shipped bills of lading B.. Direct bills of ladingC Through bills of ladingD Order bills of lading(2) ____cover shipments between direct ports of loading or discharge.A Shipped bills of ladingB Direct bills of ladingC Foul bills of ladingD Straight bills of lading(3) Which of the following expressions is likely to be found in a clean bill of lading ?A “insufficient packing”B “missing safety seal”C “one carton short”D “apparent good order and condition”(4) the person entitled to take delivery of the goods if called the ____A consigneeB shipperC carrierD charterer(5) A carrier is the person or company who has concluded a contract with the ____for carriage of goods.A chartererB shipperC carrierD operator2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false(1) In most cases, a bill of lading does not form excellent evidence of the terms of a contract.(2) A boll of lading specifies the name of the ship , the port of loading and destination, the goods , the consignee, and the rate of freight.(3) A clean bill of lading is free of unfavorable remarks about the goods.(4) The bill of lading can be drawn up by a ship’s agent.(5) Relevant comments on mate’s receipts should not be enrered in bills of lading .3 Multiple choice questions . Select all of the correct answers.(1) Which of the following are true about marine bills of lading?A A bill of lading is not a document of title to goods.B The holder of a bill of lading is able to obtain delivery of the goods at the port of destination.C A bill of lading is a receipt for goods shipped.D The terms of a bill of lading contain the terms of the contract.(2) Which of the following statements are true about an order bill of lading ?A They are issued by carriers to the order of a shipper or consignee.B The carrier will deliver the goods at the port of destination solely to the named consignee.C An order bill of lading is a negotiable document .D the carrier can deliver the foods to any person designated by the named consignee.(3) What main elements should a bill of lading contain?A quantity of cargoB accurate cargo description and conditionC names od shipper and consigneeD terms and conditions of carriage(4) Bills of lading should be signed by the ____A shipping companyB the shipperC a duly authorisedD operator(5) What are the advantages of electronic delivery of a bill of lading?A It reduces the time for the forwarding and presentation of documents.B It increases the costs related to manual documentpreparation.C It allows a buyer to take title to the goods once they have arrived at port.D An easy-to-use online bill of lading generator will save time and provide the documents instantly.4 Translate the following into Chinese .(1) document of title(2) foul bill of lading(3) negotiable document(4) letter of credit(5) Arrival Notice5 Translate the following into English(1) 收货人(2)托运人(3)杂货(4) 大副收据(5) 通知方。

国际货运代理专业英语课程教学大纲Internationalfreight

《国际货运代理专业英语》课程教学大纲（International freight forwarders professional English）课程类型：专业拓展课程编号：N063349适用专业：应用英语（国际贸易）专业先修课程：外贸实务后续课程：顶岗实习学分：2学分总学时：32课时其中理论学时:24 , 实践学时（实训）:8教学目的与要求：本课程的教学目的：通过本课程学习，掌握国际货运代理行业的专业词汇、常用短语和语法特点等，学生能读懂相关专业文件、进行英语业务交流、缮制英文单证、书写简单的英语商务函电，提高英语阅读理解能力，为从事国际货运代理工作打下良好的专业基础。

通过本课程的学习达到以下教学要求：1、知识：从专业的英语角度认识货代的工作性质、任务，为从事国际货代工作打下基础。

2、技能：能掌握国际货代业务的海运、空运、贸易等环节货代所需的英语语言。

3、能力：具备专业英语应用能力。

本课程为考查课程。

实行闭卷笔试，成绩按学校办法评定。

实行百分制，平时成绩占30%，实训成绩占20%，期末考试成绩占50%。

绪论一、国际贸易当前形势分析二、介绍外贸工作最新人才需求及对国际货代从业者要求。

重点介绍货代企业人才需求。

Unit One Incoterms 2000 – Six Major trade Terms1、FOB,CFR,CIF,FCA,CPT and CIP(1)FOB – Free on board(2)CFR – Cost and freight(3)CIF – Cost, insurance and freight(4)FCA – Free carrier(5)CPT – Carriage paid to(6)CIP – Carriage and insurance paid to(7)New words and expression本章重点：FOB,CFR,CIF,FCA,CPT and CIP本章难点：the meaning of FOB,CFR,CIF,FCA,CPT and CIPUnit Two Terms of Shipment in the Contractsfor the International Sale of Goods1、Interpretation of terms and points of the time of shipment in the contract(1)Time of shipment(2)Interpretation of terms(3)Points to be noted when the traders discuss the time of shipment in the contract(4)New words and expression本章重点：Time of shipment本章难点：Points to be noted when the traders discuss the time of shipment in the contractUnit Three Marine Cargo Insurance1、Principles of marine cargo insurance(1)Principles of marine cargo insurance(2)Insurance premium(3)Insurance policy(4)Types of basic coverage(5)Institute cargo clause(6)New words and expression本章重点：Types of basic coverage本章难点：Types of basic coverageUnit Four Customs and Port Procedures1、Departure formalities(1)Arrival Formalities(2)Departure formalities(3)Custom Clearance(4)New words and expression本章重点：Arrival Formalities本章难点：Departure formalitiesUnit Five The Practice of InternationalOcean Cargo Transportation1、：Transport geography(1)Conference lines(2)Non-conference Lines(3)NVOCC(4)main shipping documents(5)New words and expression(6)Fill in the main shipping documents本章重点：main shipping documents本章难点：Fill in the main shipping documentsUnit Six Chartering Business1、Bareboat Chartering(1)V oyage chartering(2)Time chartering(3)TCT(4)Bareboat Chartering(5)Contract of affreightment(6)New words and expression本章重点：V oyage chartering本章难点：Contract of affreightmentUnit Seven International Rail and Road Transport1、Carrier’s responsibilities and exceptions under CMR(1) CMR(2) Carrier’s responsibilities under CMR(3) Carrier’s exceptions under CMR(4) New words and expression本章重点：Carri er’s responsibilities under CMR本章难点：Carrier’s exceptions under CMRUnit Eight Multimodal Transport1、Meaning of multimodal transport(1) Meaning of multimodal transport(2) Advantages of multimodal transport(3) Different types of multimodal transport operations(4) New words and expression本章重点：Advantages of multimodal transport本章难点：Different types of multimodal transport operations实践教学一、实训1、Bill of Lading（8学时）1）实训项目：提单的审核及填写要求2）实训目的：通过课堂上的讲解，使学生们明了解提单的种类，能够看懂商业汇票中的英文专有词汇和表达方式，会根据要求用审核、缮制及修改提单。

国际货运代理英语

国际货运代理英语
1.Bill of Lading（提单）：一种用于证明海上运输货物收讫的单据，通常由承运人签发。

2.Container（集装箱）：一种用于装载货物的封闭箱体，可以重复使用，方便装卸和运输。

3.Freight Forwarder（货运代理）：提供货物运输服务的人或公司，负责安排货物的运输、
装卸、报关等事宜。

4.Customs Clearance（报关）：向海关申报货物的价值、数量、种类等信息，并支付相应
的关税和增值税等费用。

5.Inspection（检验）：对货物进行质量、数量、规格等方面的检查，确保货物符合要求。

6.Insurance（保险）：为货物运输过程中可能出现的损失提供保障。

7.Quarantine（检疫）：对进口或出口的动植物进行疾病、疫情等方面的检查，确保符合
相关法规要求。

8.Manifest（舱单）：列出货物的详细清单，包括货物品名、数量、重量、体积等信息。

9.Port of Destination（目的港）：货物运输的目的地港口。

10.Shipping Documents（运输单据）：用于证明货物运输的单据，如提单、装箱单等。

2021国际货运代理考试专业英语试题及答案_1

2021国际货运代理考试专业英语试题及答案2021国际货运代理考试专业英语试题及答案一、单选题。

1. An NVOCC probably provides ( )A. tramp serviceB. consolidation serviceC. a vessel operated by itselfD. flight service答案：B2. The cargo manifest is prepared by ( )A. shipperB. carriers agentC. consigneeD. freight forwarder答案：B3. Which of the following documents can be used to exchange for the bill of lading ( )A. cargo manifestB. shipping noteC. delivery orderD. mates receipt答案：D4. Non-conference lines have no ( )A. fixed itineraryB. common tariffC. regular serviceD. vessel of theirs答案：B5.( )is subsequently exchanged for the marine bill of lading. ( )A. Booking noteB. Delivery orderC. Mates receiptD. Cargo manifest答案：C分析：参考书中大副收据的内容，这句话是书中的原话。

大幅收据以后可用来换取提单。

6.The booking note is issued by the ( ) requesting allocation of shipping space.A. carrier to the agentB. carrier to the shipperC. shipper to the carrierD. carrier to the consignee答案：C分析：参考书中托运单的.内容(shipping note), 托运单是由托运人签发给承运人要求分配舱位的单据二、多选题1.Conference lines have ( )A. fixed itineraryB. common tariffC. regular serviceD. stable freight rates答案：ABCD2.Tramp service have no ( )A. fixed itineraryB. common routeC. negotiated rateD. regular service答案：ABC3.Sea waybill is ( )A. a non-negotiable documentB. negotiable documentsC. named consigneeD. issued by shipper答案：AC4.Normally the marine bill of lading has three functions, namely ( ).A. evidence of the contract of carriageB. a receipt of goodsC. a document of title to the goodsD. the contract of carriage答案：ABC分析：提单的三大功用是：海上货物合同的运输证明;货物交付给承运人的收据;物权凭证三、判断题。

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国际货运代理专业英语Customs declaration 报关Customs clearance 清关Labor-intensive 劳动密集型的Shipping space 舱位Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 国内生产总值The International Monetry Fund 国际货币基金组织The World Bank 世界银行Factors of production 生产要素Multilateral trade 多边贸易Freight forward 货运代理Foreign exchange 外汇Bills of lading 提单Commission agent 委托代理人Insurance policy 保险单Insurance premium 保险费Trade terms 贸易术语EXW （Ex Works）工厂交货（指定地点）FCA （Free Carrier）货交承运人（指定地点）FAS （Free Alongside Ship）船边交货（指定装运港）FOB （Free On Board）船上交货（指定装运港）CFR (Cost and Freight) 成本加运费（指定目的港）CIF (Cost , Insurance and Freight )成本加保险费、运费（指定目的港）CPT (Carriage Paid To) 运费付至（指定目的港）CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To ) 运费、保险费付至（指定目的地）DAF (Delivered at Frontier ) 边境交货（指定地点）DES (Delivered Ex Ship ) 船上交货(指定目的港)DDU (Delivered Ex Quay ) 码头交货（指定目的港）DDP (Delivered Duty Upaid )未完税交货（指定目的地）DDU （Delivered Duty Paid）完税交货（指定目的地）Inland waterway transport 内河运输Clear the goods for export 办理货物出口清关手续Incoterms ：International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms国际贸易术语解释通则ICC：International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会UCP：Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits跟单信用证统一惯例SWIFT：Society for World wide Inter bank Financial Telecommunication环球银行间金融电讯协会Expiration date 到期日Partial shippments 分批装运Ports of call 停靠港Presentation of documents 交单Redemption of documents 赎单Shipping documents 装运单据，运输单据Applicant 申请人，开证申请人Beneficiary 受益人Acceptance credits 承兑信用证Advising bank =notifying bank 通知行Anticipatory credits 预支信用证Back-to-back credits 背对背信用证Confirming bank 保兑行Defaulting party 违约方Issuing bank 开证行Negotiating bank 议付行Revolving credits 循环信用证Sales contract 销售合同Shipping documents 装运单据，运输单据Transferable credits 可转让信用证Carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输Common carrier 公共承运人Contract of carriage 运输合同Delivery order 提货单Document of title 物权凭证Freight rate 运费率Non-conference lines 非班轮公会运输，非班轮公会航运公司Non-vessel operating common carrier （NVOCC）无船承运人Pattern of international trade 国际贸易方式Port authorities 港务局，港口主管机关Receipt for goods 货物收据Scheduled service 定期航运Shipping conference 班轮公会Shipping space 舱位Supply and demand 供求Rate of freight 运费率Bale capacity 包装舱容Grain capacity 散装舱容Bareboat charter 光船租赁Charter party 租船合同Time charter 定期租船，期租Voyage charter 航次租船，程租Shipowner 船东Loading ports 装货港Discharging ports 卸货港Port charges 港口使费Manned ship 配好船员的船舶Arrival notice 到货通知，到港通知Carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输Clean bill of lading 清洁提单Contract of affreightment 货物运输合同Contract of carriage of goods 货物运输合同Delivery order 提货单Direct bills of lading 直达提单Document of title 物权凭证Foul bill of lading 不清洁提单General cargo 杂货Insufficient packing 包装不良International sales of goods 国际货物销售Letter of credit 信用证Marine bills of lading 海运提单Mate’s receipts 大副收据Negotiable document 可转换单据Notify party 通知方On board 在船上Order bills of lading 指示提单Port of loading 装货港Received for shipment bills of lading 收货待运提单Shipped bills of lading 已装船提单Shipping company 海运公司，船务公司Ship’s name 船名Short shipment 短装，装货不足Straight bills of lading 记名提单Through bills of lading 联运提单Adjustment factors 调整因素Break bulk cargo 件杂货Bunker adjustment factor （BAK）燃油附加费Commodity Box Rate （CBR）分货种包箱费率Currency adjustment factor （CAF）货币贬值附加费Freight All Kinds (FAK) Rates 均一运费费率Liner freight rate 班轮运费率Inland haulage 内陆运输，内陆运费Liner operator 班轮营运人Lump sum rate 整笔运费费率Ocean freight rate 海运运费Stowage factor 积载因素Supply and demand 供求Tramp rate 不定期船运费率Marine cargo insurance 海上货物保险Insurance policy 保险单Insurable interest 保险利益Proximate cause 近因The insurer (underwriter) 保险人The assured （insured）被保险人Subject matter insured 保险标的Consideration 对价Insurance premium 保险费Insurance coverage 承保范围，保险险别Insurance certificate 保险凭证Endorsement 批单Free of particular average (FPA) 平安险，单独海损不保Constructive total loss 推定全损Natural calamities 自然灾害Heavy weather 恶劣天气Lightning 闪电Tsunami 海啸Earthquake 地震Stranding搁浅General average 共同海损Salvage charges 救助费用With average (WA) 水渍险All risks (AR) 一切险External causes 外部原因Aflatoxin 黄曲霉素Institute cargo clause 协会货物保险Theft, pilferage& non-delivery risks 偷窃提货不着货Fresh water and / rain damage risks 淡水雨林险Shortage risks 短量险Intermixture and contamination risks 混杂、沾污险Leakage risks 渗漏险Clash and breakage risks 碰损、破碎险Taint of odour risks 串味险Sweat and heating risks 受潮受热险Hook damage risks 钩损险Breakage of packing risks 包装破裂险Rust risks 锈损险Grounding 坐浅Capsizing 倾覆Overturning 翻船Derailment 出轨Port of distress 避难港Volcanic eruption 火山爆发Bill of entry 报关单Certificate of registry 登记证书Crew list 船员名单Customs clearance 结关Customs declaration 报关，海关申报Entry inwards 进口报关单Entry outwards 出口报关单Export declaration 出口申报单Export manifest 出口载货清单，出口舱单Health certificate 检疫健康证书Import manifest 进口载货清单，进口舱单Inward permit 进口许可证Load line 载重线Outward export permit 出口许可证Packaging list 包装单Policy of insurance 保险单Port clearance 结关Safety equipment 设备安全Safety radio telegraphy 无线电报安全Shipping bill 出口货物明细单，装船通知单Stores list 物料清单Limitation of liability 责任范围限制Domestic economy 国内经济Intermodal / multimodal / combined transport 多式联运Inherent vice 固有缺陷Long haul 长途运输Carriage of goods by road 公路货物运输Rail transport 铁路运输Road transport 公路运输Convention de merchandises par routes (CMR) 国际公路货物运输合同公约Tariff rate 价目表Bill of lading 提单Transshipment point 转运点Air freight 空运货物Enter into 缔结Flat rate 统一费用Freight rate 货运价格Inter-continental 洲际间的Multimodal transport 多式联运Land bridge 陆桥运输Sea train 火车车厢运输船Multimodal transportation 多运输方式间联运Tying-up of capital 资金紧张Settlement of claims 索赔结算Logistics 物流Supply chain 供应链Value chain 价值链Demand chain 需求链Inventory 库存Council of logistics management 美国物流管理协会Finished product 制成品Work-in-process 在线产品Assembly plant 装配厂Retail store 零售店e-commerce 电子商务e-business 在线企业Target audience 目标客户Seasoned professional 经验丰富的专业人士Vice president 副总裁Business partner 商业伙伴Sales representative 销售代表Shipment provider 出货人Geographic boundary 地理边界Real-time trading 实时交易Currency conversion货币兑换Financial activity 金融活动Write checks开支票Cash checks 兑现支票Trade stocks 买卖股票Smart card 智能卡Digital cash 数字现金Sector of the economy 经济部门Voice mail 语音邮件Virtual office 虚拟办公室Privacy invasion 侵犯隐私Individual preference 个人偏好Copyright infringement 侵犯著作权Intellectual property 知识产权Digital signature 数字签名Digital certificate 数字证书Online transaction 在线交易Active voice 主动语态Block style 齐头式Body of the letter 书信正文Business correspondence 商务通信，商务信函Common practices 一般做法，习惯做法Complimentary close 结尾敬语，结尾客套语Copy notation 抄送Full signature 签全名Inside address 封内地址，收信人地址Modified block style 改良齐头式Official title 官衔，头衔Passive voice 被动语态Punctuation marks 标点符号Reference initials 写信人及秘书姓名的首字母缩写Return address 回信地址，发信人地址Subject line 事由，事由行。