雪佛兰新科沃兹参数配置表

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PMAC720操作说明书

三测量参数......................................... 20
3.1 电压 ............................................... 20 3.2 电流 ............................................... 20 3.3 有功功率 ........................................... 20 3.4 无功功率 ........................................... 20
四谐波............................................. 22
4.1 概述 ............................................... 22 4.2 电压谐波 ........................................... 22 4.3 电流谐波 ........................................... 22
7.3 逻辑定值 ........................................... 27
7.3.1 逻辑定值类型................................................................................................................27 7.3.2 逻辑定值参数................................................................................................................28 7.3.3 逻辑定值动作条件........................................................................................................28 7.3.4 逻辑定值时间................................................................................................................29 7.2.5 逻辑定值动作对象........................................................................................................29 7.2.6 举例................................................................................................................................29

IMDS材料数据系统使用指南(10.0版本)

1.2 1.3
1.4 1.5 1.6 127 日 2013 年 4 月 23 日
2013 年 5 月 24 日 2013 年 6 月 27 日
2013 年 12 月 12 日 2014 年 3 月 17 日 2014 年 7 月 13 日 2015 年 2 月 27 日 2015 年 4 月 27 日 2015 年 6 月 10 日 2015 年 6 月 11 日 2015 年 7 月 10 日
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目录
1 IMDS – 简介.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 2 IMDS – 使用入门 ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
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四川省医院卫生统计信息网络直报系统用户手册

四川省医院卫生统计信息网络直报系统
（2010 版）
用户手册
１
目录
前言 ............................................................................................................................................. １
快速指南 ....................................................................................................................................................................... １第一部分安装启动 ................................................................................................................................................... １一、环境需求 ....................................................................................................................................................... １二、软件安装 .......................................................................................................

黑翼飞行模拟器用户手册说明书

IntroductionThe Blackwing BW 635RG is an ultralight two-seater aeroplane designed for recreational flying and training purposes. It features a sleek and modern design, with a composite airframe and a low-wing configuration. The Blackwing has a cruising speed of up to 120 knots and a range of approximately 700 nautical miles, making it suitable for both short and long-distance flights. The cockpit is equipped with state-of-the-art avionics, including a glass cockpit display and an autopilot system. The Blackwing is also known for its superior handling and stability, making it a popular choice among flying enthusiasts and flight schools. The BW 635RG is powered by the venerable Rotax 915 iS engine.Development Credits:Mal Cartwright Product LeadRuss White3D Modelling, Interior and Exterior TexturingJack Lavigne IntegrationHarry Stringer AnimationPropAir Flight Model and SystemsJordan Gough ManualWith special thanks to our Beta Testers:Rob Abernathy John BurgessNick Cooper John DowMatt McGee Darryl WightmanTable of ContentsIntroduction (2)Development Credits: (2)With special thanks to our Beta Testers: (2)Table of Contents (3)Notes on Hardware (4)Overview (5)Aircraft Limitations (6)Airspeed Limitations (6)Engine Limitations (6)Operating Conditions (6)Fuel (7)Other Limitations (7)Emergency Procedures (8)Engine Failure on the Take-off Roll (8)Engine Failure after Take-off (8)Glide Performance (8)Emergency Landing (9)Spin Recovery (9)Normal Procedures (10)Before Starting Engine (10)Starting Engine (10)Before Taxiing (11)Taxiing (11)Engine Runup (11)Before Take-off (11)Take-Off (12)Initial Climb (12)Cruise Climb (12)Cruise (12)Landing (13)Balked Landing (13)After Landing (13)Securing Aircraft (14)Basic Performance (15)Stall Speeds (15)Take-Off Performance (15)Landing Performance (16)Systems Description (17)Instrument Panel Layout (17)Switch Logic and Electrical System (18)Master Switch (18)Fuel Pump Switch (19)LAND/TAXI Switch (19)Strobe/Nav Switch (19)Electrical System Diagram (20)Engine (21)Propeller (21)Fuel (21)Notes on HardwareDue to the unusual 3-position switches in this aircraft, conventional hardware 2position toggle switches (eg. strobe or nav light switches) cannot be translated tothe single 3-position switch which combine these.Additionally, as this aircraft utilises a single level power control (throttle), conventional throttle/prop/mixture hardware may interfere with the function of this system, and not work as intended. It is recommended to place your propeller and mixture levers in the IDLE position, and not move them while the engine is running.OverviewThe Orbx BW 635RG has been developed using official documentation and Computer Aided Design (CAD) resources from Blackwing Sweden. As a result, the aeroplane has been created through masterful modelling, texturing, systems integration, and flight model development.Figure 1 – Aircraft 3-viewAircraft DimensionsLength 6.6m Height 2.2m Wingspan8.4mWeightsBasic Empty Weight 375kg Maximum Take-off Weight 600kg Maximum Fuel Capacity (Litres)130LThe content in this manual and the operation of the BW 635RG in Microsoft Flight Simulator strictly must not be used as reference material in any form for operating the real aircraft.Aircraft LimitationsAirspeed LimitationsAirspeed Description Airspeed (KIAS) RemarksVne Never Exceed Speed 157 Must not exceed this speed in any operation.Va Manoeuvring Speed 109 If full or abrupt control deflection is made, the airframe may be overstressed.Vfe1 Max flap extended speed20 degrees90 Maximum speed for flaps 20°Vfe2 Max flap extended speed35-45 degrees 70 Maximum speed for flaps 35-45°Vlo Maximum landing gearoperating speed 70Do not extended or retract the landing gearabove this speed.Vle Maximum landing gear extended speed 90 Do not exceed this speed with the landing gearalready down.Vs0 Stall speed flaps/gearextended 38 Stall speed with gear down/flaps >0° and in level flight at MTOWVs1 Stall speed clean 49 Stall speed flaps retracted, gear up and in level flight at MTOWEngine LimitationsEngineEngine Manufacturer Rotax Engine Model Rotax 915 iSMaximum Power Take-off (Max 5 min.) 141 hp Continuous 135 hpMaximum RPM Take-off (Max 5 min.) 5800 Continuous 5500Critical Altitude 15000ft AMSL Maximum OperatingAltitude23000ft AMSL Operating ConditionsAerobatic manoeuvres, flight in IFR conditionsand flights in icing conditions are prohibited inthis aircraft.FuelFuel TanksLeft Right Litres US Gal Litres US GalTotal Fuel in Tank 67.5 17.8 62.5 16.5Unusable Fuel 2.5 0.7 2.5 0.7 Total Useable Fuel in Tanks 66.5 17.6 61.5 16.2Other LimitationsMaximum demonstrated crosswind for the BW 635RG is 20 knots.Emergency ProceduresNote: The following procedures have been modified to be suitable for simulation. It does not cover emergencies that are a) not simulated and b) not reasonable. Checklist items from the real procedures have been omitted and these procedures must not under any circumstances be used for training purposes.Engine Failure on the Take-off RollThrottle: IDLEIgnition: OFFFuel Pump: MAIN (DOWN POS)Brakes: APPLYWhen stopped: SECURE AIRCRAFTEngine Failure after Take-offNose: IMMEDIATELY LOWERAirspeed: 65 KNOTSLanding Area: DETERMINE WITHIN 30° OF NOSEFlaps: USE AS REQUIREDLanding Gear: USE DESCRETIONFuel Selector: OFFIgnition: OFFMaster Switch: OFFGlide PerformanceThe BW 635RG, the approximate performance for a glide is 65 KIAS which willgive approximately a 545ft/min rate of descent in the clean configuration.Glide performance will degrade significantly on extension of flaps and landinggear.Emergency LandingAirspeed: 65 KIASField: PICK BEST OPTIONLanding Gear: USE DISCRETION DEPENDING ON FIELD TYPEFlaps: AS REQUIREDFuel Selector: OFFIgnition: OFFFuel Pump: MAIN (down)Master Switch: OFF BEFORE LANDINGSpin RecoveryThrottle: IDLEControl Stick: AILERON NEUTRALRudder: FULL OPPOSITE TO DIRECTION OF ROTATIONControl Stick: POSITIVELY FORWARD OF NEUTRALRudder: NEUTRAL WHEN ROTATION STOPSControl Stick: SMOOTHLY PULL OUT OF DIVEWARNING:INTENTIONAL SPINS ARE NOT APPROVED INTHIS AIRCRAFT.Normal ProceduresNote: The pre-flight inspection portion of the normal procedures has been removed due to impracticality in the simulator.Before Starting EngineIgnition: OFFMaster Switch: OFF (down)Backup Battery: OFF/AUTO (down)Landing Gear Lever: DOWNCircuit Breakers: INCanopy CLOSED (CLICKING THE LATCHON THE INSIDE LEFT SIDEWALL.) Starting EngineParking Brake: HOLD TOE BRAKES AND ENGAGE PARKINGBRAKEMaster Switch: ENGINE START (middle position)Fuel Selector: SETFuel Gauge: CHECKFuel Pump: BOTH (up)Ignition: BOTHNav Lights: STROBE (middle position)Throttle: SET ½-1 INCH OPENIgnition: STARTOil Pressure: GREEN WITHIN 10 SECWarnings: NONEBefore TaxiingMaster Switch: NORMAL OPERATION (up)Altimeter: SETAvionics: SETParking Brake: DISENGAGETaxiingInstruments: CHECKED (COMPASS/HSI/BALL/ATT) Engine RunupParking Brake: ENGAGERPM: 2500 RPMFuel Pump: CYCLE, CHECK FUEL PRESSUREIdle: CHECK IDLE 1800 +/- 100 RPM Before Take-offCanopy: CLOSED AND LOCKEDFlaps: 1 STAGE (20°)Elevator Trim: SET FOR TAKE-OFFEngine Instruments: NORMALLanding Light: ON (up)Controls: FULL FREE AND CORRECT MOVEMENTParking Brake: DISENGAGETake-OffThrottle: FULLControls: NEUTRAL45 Knots: ROTATEAccelerate: NOSE ON HORIZON, ACCEL TO 80 KIASPositive Rate of Climb: GEAR UPLanding Light: OFF (down)Flaps: RETRACT ABOVE 500’ AGLInitial ClimbThrottle: MAX CONTINUOUS (5500 RPM)Airspeed: 90 KIASFuel Pump: MAIN (down) ABOVE 500’ AGL Cruise ClimbThrottle: MAX CONTINUOUS (5500 RPM)Airspeed: 130 KIASCruiseThrottle: 55-75% PowerAirspeed: 120-157 KIAS (<130 KIAS IN TURB)LandingFuel: QTY CHECKEDFuel Selector: FULLEST TANKFuel Pump: BOTH (up position)Airspeed: 90 KIASFlaps: EXTEND FLAP 1 <90 KIASDownwind Airspeed: 65 KIASLanding Gear: DOWN @ 65 KIAS; CHECK 3 GREENLanding Light: ON (up position)Base Leg: EXTEND FLAP 2 < 65 KIASFinal Approach Airspeed: 60 KIASBalked LandingThrottle: SMOOTHLY INCREASEAirspeed: 60 KIASTrim: COURSE TRIM TO RELIEVE PRESSUREFlaps: RETRACT TO POSITION 1 (20°)Gear: UPTrim: TRIM FOR CLIMBAfter LandingFlaps: RETRACTExterior Lights: AS REQ’DFuel Pump: MAIN (down)Securing AircraftParking Brake: ENGAGEDThrottle: IDLESwitches: ALL OFF EXCEPT ACL AND MASTERIgnition: OFFNav Lights: OFF (down)Master Switch: OFFBasic PerformanceStall SpeedsMTOW 600kg | CG 32% MAC | Power Idle | Level FlightFlap Position Stall Speed (KIAS) 0° 49 20° 44 35° 39 45°38Take-Off PerformanceMTOW | ISA CONDITIONS | SEA LEVEL | FLAPS 1 (20°) | MTOW (600kg)Cruise PerformanceRunway Surface Ground RollOver 50ft Obstacleft mft mPaved Runway328 100 656 200 Unpaved (Grass) Runway 361110689208Pressure Altitude Power (%) TAS Fuel Flow LPH MAP (inHg) Endurance(hr)Range (nm) 500055 161 19.7 30 5.8 941 65 170 23.3 34.1 4.9 827 7517826.937.44.1738Landing PerformanceMTOW | ISA CONDITIONS | FLAPS 2 (35°) | MTOW (600kg) | Speed 1.3 x VsoRunway Surface Ground Roll Over 50ft Obstacle ft m ft mPaved Runway 525 160 951 290 Unpaved (Grass) Runway 558 170 984 300Systems Description Instrument Panel LayoutSwitch Logic and Electrical SystemThe electrical switches in the BW 635RG are 3-position switches. These are generally known as “DOWN”, “MIDDLE” and “UP”. They are briefly explained below.Master SwitchThe MASTER switch functions in a unique way, with the following switch logic:1.When the MASTER switch is DOWN, all battery power is off. There will beno electrical power provided to the aircraft.•Note: The engine CANNOT be shut down when the master switch isoff. Electrical power must be present for the engine to turn off.2.When the MASTER switch is in the MIDDLE (Engine Start) position, limitedsystem functionality will be present. The backup battery will be activatedand power the following systems:•Primary Flight Display•Compass•AHRS (Attitude Heading Reference System)•Radio3.When the MASTER switch is UP (Normal Operation), full electrical supplywill be provided to the aircraft. The following systems will be powered on: •Note: the engine CANNOT be started with the MASTER switch in theUP position. If the engine won’t start, check the switch is in theMIDDLE position•Multi-Function Display•Transponder•Autopilot•Audio panel•STBY instruments•Pitot Heat•Main battery is disconnected from running engine. Alternatorprovides power.See Section NORMAL PROCEDURES for positioning of the MASTER switch.Fuel Pump SwitchThe Fuel Pump switch also has some advanced logic to it, due to two fuel pumpsbeing present, however, to put it simply, it operates in the following way:1.In the DOWN position, the main fuel pump is in use.2.In the MIDDLE position, the auxiliary fuel pump is in use.3.In the UP position, both fuel pumps will be on.LAND/TAXI SwitchThe LAND/TAXI switch powers the Taxi and Landing lights. It operates in the following logic:1.In the DOWN position, both lights will be OFF.2.In the MIDDLE position, the taxi light will switch on when the landinggear is extended.3.In the UP position, the Landing Light will switch on when the landinggear is extended.Strobe/Nav SwitchThe Strobe/Nav switch powers the Navigation (Red/Green) and Strobe (flashingwhite) lights. It operates in the following logic:1.In the DOWN position, both lights will be OFF.2.In the MIDDLE position, the STROBE light will be on.3.In the UP position, both the strobe and Nav lights will be on.Electrical System DiagramThe BW 635RG’s electrical system is modelled in the following way in Microsoft Flight Simulator.Because the starter system is connected to the BACKUP BUS, this means you cannot start the engine with the MASTER switch in the UP position, due to the BACKUP BUS being disconnected from the circuit once the MAIN BAT BUS is powered.Page 21 of 21User Guide v1.0 –RevisionEngineThe BW 635RG is powered by the Rotax 915iS. The Rotax 915iS is a four-stroke, four-cylinder, fuel-injected, turbocharged aircraft engine with a maximum power output of141 horsepower. The engine utilizes electronic fuel injection (EFI) technology toprovide precise fuel delivery and improved fuel efficiency. It also features a modernliquid-cooling system and a dual electronic ignition system for reliable performance.The Rotax 915iS engine has a maximum operating RPM of 5,200, with a recommended continuous operation range of 5,000 RPM or less.PropellerThe propeller is a 3-blade wood-composite design, which is hydraulically adjustable for operation at various pitch angles, controlled independently of the pilot. The propeller is linked to the engine through an electronically controlled governor, where RPM isadjusted in accordance with the position of the throttle control. This pitch curve cannot be adjusted in flight, however is designed to ensure maximum performance in allphases of flight.FuelBoth wings have fuel tanks, which are fed to the engine via electric fuel pumps. Fuelsystem information is fed via sensors to the Garmin avionics suite and can be viewedon the displays inside the cockpit.AIRPLANE WEIGHTSBasic Empty Weight……………………….…375 KgMaximum Takeoff Weight…………………..600 KgMaximum Fuel Weight………………………...95 Kg Maximum Landing Weight………………….600 Kg TANK USABLE FUEL LEFT WING TANK67.5 litres 17.8 US Gallons RIGHT WING TANK62.5 litres 16.5 US Gallons TOTAL 130 litres34.3 US GallonsFUEL CAPACITY AIRSPEEDS Never Exceed Speed ……….…………….173 KIAS Max Structural Cruising Speed…………..156 KIAS Maneuvering Speed MTOW……………….109 KIAS Initial Climb………………………………………80 KIASBest Angle Climb……………………………….75 KIASBest Rate of Climb……………………………..90 KIASMax Flap Ext 20°……………………..............90 KIASMax Flap Ext 35-45°……………………………70 KIASMax Landing Gear Operation……………….70 KIASMax Landing Gear Extended………………..90 KIASPlanned Cruise TAS………………………….130 KIASFinal Approach Speed………………………..60 KIAS POWERPLANT LIMITATIONSENGINE LIMITS (RPM)Take-off (5 Minutes)………....5800 RPM Max Continuous……………….5500 RPMALTITUDE LIMITSMaximum Operating Altitude………………23 000ftFor Microsoft Flight Simulator Use Only0-12023 Orbx Simulation Systems Pty. Ltd BW 635RG QUICK REFERENCESHEETIssued: 21 Apr 2023Revised: 21 Apr 20230-2PROCEDURESBEFORE STARTING ENGINEPreflight Inspection………………………….COMPLETECrew Briefing………………………………….COMPLETEIgnition…………………………………………………….OFFMaster Switch…………………………………………..OFFBackup Battery …..…………………………….OFF/AUTOLanding Gear Lever………………………………..DOWNCircuit Breakers…………………………………………..IN Canopy………………………………………………CLOSED STARTING ENGINEArea……………………………………………………..CLEARParking Brake……………….HOLD TOE BRAKES ANDENGAGEMaster Switch …..……………….ENGINE START (MID)Fuel Selector…………………………………………….SETFuel Pump………………………………………BOTH (UP)Ignition………………………………………………….BOTHExternal Lights……………………………………..AS REQThrottle ………………………..………..Τ12-1 INCH OPENIgnition………………………………………………….START AFTER START Oil Pressure.…………………………………………RISING Master Switch ……………………………..NORMAL (UP)Radios………………………………………………………SET Altimeter…………………………………………………..SET ATIS and Clearance…………………………..OBTAINEDBEFORE TAXIBrakes/Park Brake ………………………….DISENGAGEFlight Instruments……………………………..CHECKEDCompass…………………………………………CHECKED BEFORE TAKEOFFCanopy/Harnesses………………………………SECURE Flaps…………………………………….……1 STAGE (20°)Trim ..……………………………………SET FOR TAKEOFF Flight Instruments………………………………………SET Engine Instruments………………CHECKED NORMAL Avionics…………………………………………………….SET External Lights………………………………………AS REQ Flight Controls…………..FULL, FREE AND CORRECT Takeoff Safety Brief………………………….DELIVERED TAKEOFFBrakes/Park Brake………………………….DISENGAGEPower…………SMOOTHLY INCREASE TO MAXIMUM45 knots………………………………………………ROTATEAccelerate……….…NOSE ON HORIZON, TO 80 KTSPositive Rate of Climb………………………….GEAR UPLanding Light.……………………………….OFF (DOWN)Flaps ………………………..RETRACT ABOVE 500’ AGLMEMORY ITEMS 2023 Orbx Simulation Systems Pty. Ltd ENGINE RUN UP Parking Brake ……………………………………..ENGAGE Engine Instruments……………………………CHECKED Engine RPM…………………………………SET 2500 RPM Fuel Pump…………………………………………….CYCLE Idle …………………..…..CHECK IDLE 1800 ±100RPM Navigation Equipment …..…………………………….SETFor Microsoft Flight Simulator Use OnlyIssued: 21 Apr 2023Revised: 21 Apr 2023AFTER TAKEOFF Engine Instruments……………………..WITHIN LIMITS Climb Speed…………………………………………90 KIAS Fuel Pump………….MAIN (DOWN ) ABOVE 500’ AGL0-3CRUISEPower….……………………………………….SET 55-75%Airspeed…..……….120-157KTS (<130KTS IN TURB.)DESCENTAltimeter…………………………………………………..SETFuel Selector………………………………FULLEST TANKPower Lever………………….AS REQUIRED FOR RODApproach Brief………………………………PLETE BEFORE LANDINGBrakes……………………………………………………..OFFFuel ………….………………………………QTY CHECKEDFuel Selector………………………………FULLEST TANK Fuel Pump……….………………………………BOTH (UP)LANDINGDOWNWINDAirspeed….………………………………………….90 KIASFlaps….………………………………………STAGE 1 (20°)Airspeed………….………………………………….65 KIASLanding Gear…..…………………….DOWN @ 65 KIASCHECK 3 GREENLanding Light………………………………………ON (UP)BASEFlaps…………………………… STAGE 2 (35°) < 65 KIASFINALAirspeed………….………………………………….60 KIASTouchdown ……………………….MAIN WHEELS FIRSTStick………………………………………………FULL BACK Brakes…………………………………………………..APPLYAFTER LANDING Flaps………………………………………………..RETRACT Landing Lights…………………………………………..OFFFuel Pump….………………………………MAIN (DOWN)SHUTDOWNParking Brake ……………………………………..ENGAGE Throttle……………………………………………………IDLE Switches….………………………….OFF EXCL. MASTERIgnition..…………………………………………………..OFFLights….……………………………………….OFF (DOWN)Master Switch..……………………………..OFF (DOWN)MEMORY ITEMS 2023 Orbx Simulation Systems Pty. Ltd For Microsoft Flight Simulator Use OnlyPROCEDURESIssued: 21 Apr 2023Revised: 21 Apr 2023。

雪佛兰科沃兹养护手册

雪佛兰科沃兹养护手册【雪佛兰科沃兹养护手册】一、引言雪佛兰科沃兹是一款经典的小型家用轿车，拥有卓越的操控性能和舒适的乘车体验。

为了确保车辆的正常运行和延长使用寿命，科沃兹的养护工作至关重要。

本手册将为科沃兹车主提供一些常见的养护知识和维护建议，帮助您更好地保养您的爱车。

二、保养周期1. 发动机机油更换：按照制造商建议的里程数进行更换，一般为5000公里或3个月。

2. 空气滤清器更换：每1万公里更换一次。

3. 燃油滤清器更换：每2万公里更换一次。

4. 刹车液更换：每2年或4万公里更换一次。

5. 变速器油更换：手动变速器每3万公里更换一次，自动变速器每6万公里更换一次。

6. 防冻液更换：每2年或4万公里更换一次。

三、发动机养护1. 定期检查发动机机油的量和质量，保持机油的正常水平，并及时更换机油和机油滤清器。

2. 注意发动机温度，及时处理过热问题，以免影响发动机的正常工作。

3. 定期检查和清洁发动机水泵、散热器和风扇，确保冷却系统的正常运行。

4. 防止车辆长时间怠速运行，以免造成发动机负荷过大和燃油消耗过多。

四、底盘养护1. 定期检查刹车系统，包括刹车皮和刹车盘的磨损情况，及时更换损坏的刹车片。

2. 保持悬架系统的正常运行，定期检查并更换破损的减震器和悬挂部件。

3. 定期检查并紧固底盘螺丝，确保底盘的稳固性和安全性。

4. 注意避免大坑、大石头等凹凸不平的路面，以免损坏底盘部件。

五、车身养护1. 定期清洗车身，保持车漆的光泽和亮丽。

2. 及时清洁和更换玻璃器件，确保良好的视线和行车安全。

3. 定期检查和更换刹车灯、示宽灯等照明装置，确保正常发光。

4. 注意避免碰撞和擦碰，保持车身的完整性和外观。

六、电器设备养护1. 定期检查电瓶的电量和正负极是否正常，保持电瓶的正常工作。

2. 定期检查和更换损坏的灯泡和保险丝，确保电器设备的正常使用。

3. 经常开动车辆，保持电气设备的正常使用和运转，避免电气故障。

七、安全驾驶提示1. 遵守交通规则，安全驾驶，避免超速、闯红灯等违章行为。

saej1939协议(中文)

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除saej1939协议(中文)篇一：saej1939协议saej1939协议_综述(转载)发表于20xx/10/2611:16:06saej1939协议是由美国汽车工程师协会——卡车和公共汽车电气电子委员会下的卡车和公共汽车控制和通讯网络分委员会制定的高层can网络通讯协议。

它主要用于为重型道路车辆上电子部件间的通讯提供标准的体系结构[1]。

1saej1939协议构成文件saej1939协议包括如下几部分内容：saej1939-11物理层, 250kbits/s, 屏蔽双绞线saej1939-13物理层, 离线诊断连接器saej1939-15简化的物理层, 250kbits/s, 非屏蔽双绞线saej1939-21数据链路层saej1939-31网络层saej1939-71车辆应用层saej1939-73应用层-诊断saej1939-81j1939网络管理协议-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2各层协议的功能2.1物理层saej1939的物理层规范包含saej1939-11（物理层, 250kbits/s, 屏蔽双绞线）、saej1939-15（简化的物理层, 250kbits/s, 非屏蔽双绞线）和saej1939-13（物理层, 离线诊断连接器）三部分。

其中saej1939-11和saej1939-15给出了物理层为屏蔽双绞线和非屏蔽双绞线时的网络物理描述、功能描述、电气规范、兼容性测试、总线错误讨论。

而saej1939-13（物理层, 离线诊断连接器）则定义了离线诊断连接器的通用需求、性能需求和物理需求。

2.2数据链路层saej1939的数据链路层在物理层之上提供了可靠的数据传输功能。

通过数据链路层的组织, 发送的can数据帧具有必需的同步、顺序控制、错误控制和流控制等功能。

雪佛兰科沃兹广告文案

雪佛兰科沃兹——驾驶的未来，今日启程。

它来了，带着雪佛兰的精良工艺和无与伦比的驾驶体验，它就是科沃兹。

这是一款为驾驶而生的汽车，一款完美融合力量与优雅的车型，一款能让你真正感受到驾驶乐趣的座驾。

科沃兹的设计独具匠心。

它的外观优雅而大气，线条流畅而动感，无论是在城市的繁华大道上还是在乡村的小径上，都能吸引所有的目光。

内饰则精致而舒适，注重每一个细节，让您的每一次驾驶都充满享受。

科沃兹的性能同样出色。

它搭载的雪佛兰最新动力系统，既保证了强大的动力输出，又实现了低油耗和低排放。

无论是城市驾驶还是高速公路飞驰，科沃兹都能让您轻松应对。

安全性是科沃兹的另一个重要特性。

它配备了许多先进的安全技术，如碰撞预警系统、自动紧急制动等，为您的驾驶提供全方位的保护。

同时，科沃兹也获得了许多国际安全认证，让您的驾驶更加安心。

科沃兹，一款真正为驾驶而生的汽车。

它等待着您来驾驶，来体验那份只有驾驶者才能感受到的乐趣。

现在就来雪佛兰专卖店，与科沃兹一起开启您的驾驶之旅吧！。

雪佛兰科鲁兹 2020 款 1.5L 1.4T 车型参数表说明书

车型中文名全新科鲁兹1.5L 手动先锋版 1.5L 自动先锋版（天窗） 1.5L 手动炫锋版 1.5L 自动炫锋版 1.4T 双离合先锋版（天窗） 1.4T 双离合炫锋版 1.4T 双离合领锋版车型英文名All-new Chevrolet Cruze1.5 LS MT1.5 LS AT(Sunroof)1.5 LT MT1.5 LT AT1.4T LS DCG(Sunroof)1.4T LT DCG1.4T LTZ DCG车身参数Body Parameters 长度(mm)Length (mm)宽度(mm)Width (mm)高度(mm)Height (mm)轴距(mm)Wheelbase (mm)轮距(前/后)(mm)Track Width (front/rear)(mm)1535/1555整备质量(kg)Curb Weight (kg)1240127012401270131013101310轮胎Tyre225/45 R17油箱容积(L)Fuel Tank Capacity (L)行李箱容积(L)Trunk Capacity (L)动力参数Powertrain发动机Engine排量(mL)Displacement 最大功率(Kw/rpm)Max Power 最大扭矩(Nm/rpm)Max Torque 变速箱Transmission 6MT6AT6MT6AT驱动形式Drive Type 最高车速(Km/h)Top Speed185180185180200200200加速性能 0~100 Km/h(s)Acceleration 0~100 km/h(s)11.712.111.712.19.99.99.9燃油Fuel 排放标准Fuel Oil90km/h 等速油耗(L/100Km)90km/h F.E. Constant-Speed.(L/100km) 4.8 5.0 4.8 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.7综合工况油耗(L/100Km) F.E. combine(L/100km) 5.96.35.96.35.75.75.7底盘悬架（前/后）Suspension (Front/Rear)制动系统（前/后）Break(Front/Rear)转向系统EPS(SSPS)Start/Stop 智能启停系统Start/Stop smart start-stop systems s s s s s s 外观配置Exterior锐眼立体前大灯Headlamps - Halogen s s s s s s s 投射大灯HID Headlamps(AFL, Auto Washing System)------s 大灯自动感应开启Lamp, Power Auto on ------s 前大灯水平控制系统Headlight level control systems s s s s s s LED 日间行车灯LED daytime running light ------s 前雾灯Frt. Foglamp --s s -s s 外后视镜电动调整OSRVM PowerAdjustable/Heat/Turning Signals s s s s s s 外后视镜电加热External mirror electric heating------s 智能电动天窗（带防夹功能）Power Sunroof, w.Auto close-s s s s s s 16吋双五辐铝合金运动轮毂16 inch double five-spokealuminum sport wheels s s s s s s -17吋双五辐铝合金运动轮毂 17 inch double five-spoke aluminum sport wheels ------s 车身镀铬装饰Body chrome trim--s s s s s 内饰配置Interior织物内饰Fabric upholstery s s --s --PVC+织物内饰Leather Steering Wheel --s s ---真皮内饰Leather interior-----s s 真皮方向盘Leather steering wheel -----s s 多功能方向盘Multifunction steering wheel--s s -s s 方向盘4向调节Steering wheel 4 direction adjustments s s s s s s 驾驶员座椅6向手动调节Manual 4-way/Power 2-way hight ， Drivers s s s s s -副驾驶座椅4向手动调节The co-pilot 4 seat to manual regulations s s s s s s 驾驶员座椅8向电动调节Power 8-way Driver Seat ＋Power Lumbar support ------s 驾驶员座椅腰托Driver seat lumbar support ------s 前排座椅加热Seat Heated function (Frt.)------s 后排座椅整体放倒The rear seat down as a wholes s --s --后排座椅4/6放倒The rear seat down 4/6--s s -s s 前排中央扶手Front Armrests s s s s s s 后排中央扶手带杯托Rear central arm rest with cup holder--s s -s s 多功能驾驶信息显示系统Driver Inoformation Centers s s s s s s 安全科技Safety FeatureABS 防抱死制动系统ABSs s s s s s s ESC 电子车身稳定控制系统ESCs s s s s s s TPMS 智能胎压监测系统(四轮独立数显)TPMS intelligent tirepressure monitoring system(four wheel independent digital display)s s s s s s s HSA 坡道辅助系统HSA ramp auxiliary systemsssssss全新雪佛兰科鲁兹车辆配置表All-new Chevrolet Cruze Specifications466618072700146/4000前轮驱动Front-wheel drive符合国V排放标准China V standards前通风碟刹/后实心碟刹Front ventilated disc brakes /After the solid disc brakeEPS 电动助力转向(SSPS 随速助力)EPS electric power steering (SSPS with speed boost)93号(京沪92号)或以上无铅汽油No. 93 (Beijing Shanghai 92) or above lead-free gasoline240/2000~40004301.5L, 自然吸气，SIDI 顶置直喷1.5 L, naturally aspirated, SIDI overhead direct injection84/6600 1.4L, 涡轮增压，SIDI 顶置直喷1.4L, turbo charging, SIDI top direct injection110/5600205/55 R16146052149013991541/1561麦弗逊前悬架/扭力梁后悬架Mcpherson front suspension / torsion beam rear suspension麦弗逊前悬架/扭力梁后悬架+后瓦特连杆Mcpherson front suspension / torsion beam rear suspension + rear Watt link7DCGAPA自动泊车系统APA automatic parkingsystem------s前排安全气囊Frt. Airbags-Frt.s s s s s s s 前排侧安全气囊Side Airbags-Frt.s s s s s s s 前后一体安全气帘Curtain Airbags-Frt.---s-s s 前排安全带预拉紧Tighten the front seat belts s s s s s s s 后排安全带预拉紧Tighten the back seat belts---s-s s 倒车雷达Rear Parking Sensor--s s-s s 倒车影像CCD camera-----s s 侧盲区报警Side blind area alarm------s 发动机电子防盗Engine Immobilizer s s s s s s s安全带高度可调Seat belt height isadjustables s s s s s s前排安全带未系提醒Safty belt reminder s s s s s s s ISO标准儿童座椅固定装置ISOFIX Child Safty Seat s s s s s s s后车门儿童安全门锁Mechanical child locksystem(Rear Door Latch)s s s s s s s舒适科技Convenience Feature四门电动窗（驾驶员侧一键上下防夹功能）Four power windows s s s s s s s 电子手刹Electronic handbrake-s-s s s s 中控门锁Central locking & RKE s s s s s s s 遥控钥匙Remote key s s s s s s s一键启动和无钥匙进入A key to start and no key toenter------s定速巡航Cruise control------s 手动空调Manual HVAC - Single zone s s s s s s-全自动空调Auto HVAC - Single zone------s间歇式无骨雨刷The intermittent bonelesswipers s s s s s s高保真车载音响系统带6扬声器Sound system (6 speaker)s s s s s s sAUX in+USB多媒体接入端口AUX + USB in multimediaaccess ports s s s s s sMyLink 智能车载互联系统MyLink intelligent vehicleinterconnection systems s s s s s s7英寸多点触控电容彩屏7 inch multi touchcapacitive screens s s s s s s蓝牙音乐和蓝牙控制Bluetooth music andBluetooth controls s s s s s sOnstar智能行车伙伴Onstar(App control &bluetooth)-----s s4G LTE原装集成车载Wi-Fi4G LTE Car-Fi-----s s 自然语音控制Natural voice control--s s-s s 百度Carlife Baidu Carlife--s s-s s 苹果CarPlay Apple Carplay s s s s s s s 外观颜色Body Color极光白White o o o o o o o 耀岩黑Black o o o o o o o 冷铂银Silver o o o o o o o 冰河蓝Blue o o o o o o o 钛金灰Gray o o o o o o o 烈焰红Red o o o o o o o 内饰颜色Interior color星罗深灰织物Dark grey fabric s s--s--织锦浅灰PVC+织物双拼Brocade light greyPVC+Double fabric--o o---织锦深灰PVC+织物双拼Brocade dark greyPVC+Double fabric--o o---雅光灰黑真皮Elegant light grey blackleather-----o o马鞍棕真皮Saddle brown leather-----o o选装附件包Optional accessoriespackage运动装饰套装(后备箱防擦条+LED蓝光迎宾踏板 +运动金属操控踏板)Sports decorated suit (Trunk rubbing strip+LED blue light pedals+Manipulation of the pedal movement metal)舒适套装（全天候后备箱垫 +全天候绒面脚垫）Comfortable suit（All-weather trunk mat+All-weather suede mat)舒适升级套装（全天候后备箱垫 +全天候绒面脚垫+行车记录仪）Comfortable upgrade kit(All-weather trunk mat+All-weather suedemat+Tachograph)o(￥449）o(￥449）o(￥999）。

VOLVO FM 卡車產品指南说明书

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路面到車頂僅有 261 公分，對於需要特別注意高度的運輸情況來說是最好的選
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᎘ዱ 主動式轉向頭燈、靜態轉向輔助照明燈、有效率的遠光燈等各式照明。νࠅ ଉɝə༆dሗਞቡୋ 24 ࠫf
24
VOLVO ࣵ‫ˏذ‬Ꮧ 省油、扭力強勁的 11 與 13 公升引擎。依照您的工作內容做出最佳選擇。 νࠅଉɝə༆dሗਞቡୋ 10 ࠫf
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*I-See ස‫׵‬னਯ Euro 5 ʿ Euro 6 ̹ٙఙʕ౤Զf
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I-See 知道斜坡路段何時結束。因此，一旦車速在下坡路段開始增加時，它會適時地稍微施
加引擎煞車 (而非突然地重煞車)，為即將到來的道路地形做好準備。
ίսֵj ɓԬᕘ̮ٙਗɢ 當下坡路段緊接著上坡路段時，I-See 真的就能發揮最大的功用。它讓卡車以慣性自行前進到最大限速以蓄積上坡力道，讓卡車在上坡時更省力。
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ৣ΁ 專為您的工作及需求來打造卡車，讓您工作起來更有效率。νࠅଉɝə
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如果您一整天都在開車，那麼您就知道良好的操控性有多重要。因為對開卡車的人來說，駕駛舒適性絕對不只是要求舒適性而已。當卡車完美地回應您的指揮時，您就能事半功倍並減少上半身拉傷的風險，進而降低發生事故機率。
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长安福特车辆展示牌基本参数表

官方指导价（万）车型1.6MT手动型1.6AT舒适型1.6MT风尚型1.6AT风尚型1.0 GTDi MT 超能风尚型1.0 GTDi AT 超能风尚型1.5 GTDi AT 经营型长（mm）宽（mm）高（mm）轴距（mm)前/后轮距（mm）整备质量（kg）1301133213011332130813591408油箱容积（L）后备箱容积（L）发动机排量（cc）变速箱5速手动PowerShiftTM 6速双离合自动变速器5速手动PowerShiftTM 6速双离合自动变速器5速手动SelectShiftTM 6速手自一体变速器最大净功率（Kw/rmp)最大扭矩（Nm/rmp)最高车速185180185180195192205排放标准制动系统综合工况油耗（L/100km） 6.46.76.46.75.25.66.3前悬挂148355356Ti-VCT 双独立式凸轮轴可变正时发动机EcoBoost ® GTDi汽油直喷涡轮增压发动机EcoBoost ® GTDi汽油直喷涡轮增压发动机999ml麦弗逊式（前副车架+前防倾杆）135kW/6000(240Nm/1750～45国V四轮大尺寸碟式制动94kW/6500(r/min)94kW/6000(r/min)159Nm/4000(r/min)170Nm/1500～4500(r/min)卓越性能Performance/Spec.1499mlPowerShiftTM 6速双离26481553/1544福特-全新福克斯两厢尺寸/重量Dimensions/Weight436818231596ml1.5 GTDi AT运动型1408ost® GTDi汽油直喷涡轮增压发动机499ml速双离合自动变速器6000(r/min)0～4500(r/min)2056.3。

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车型名称官方指导价（元）车身参数长度(mm) 宽度(mm) 高度(mm) 轴距(mm) 轮距(前/后)(mm) 整备质量(kg) 轮毂轮胎最小转弯直径(m) 备胎油箱容积(L) 行李箱容积(L) 动力参数发动机排量(ml) 最大额定功率(kW/rpm) 最大扭矩(Nm/rpm) 变速箱驱动形式最高车速(km/h) 加速性能 0~100 km/h(s) 发动机压缩比燃油排放 90km/h等速油耗(L/100km) 综合工况油耗(L/100km) 底盘悬架（前/后）制动系统（前/后）转向系统发动机启停系统（可关闭）外观配备晶钻立体前大灯透镜式晶钻立体前大灯大灯高度调节自动前大灯大灯延时关闭（伴我回家功能）飞翼式LED日间行车灯双元素LED尾灯高位LED刹车灯防紫外线前挡风玻璃外后视镜电动调节一键式电动天窗家族式双格栅 Redline尚·红系列专属外饰炫红格栅饰条/曜黑领结曜黑外后视镜镶炫红标识曜黑铝合金运动轮毂配炫红标识 Redline尚·红系列专属铭牌曜黑车窗饰件内饰配备织物座椅皮质座椅真皮运动方向盘方向盘2向调节驾驶员座椅4向手动调节副驾驶员座椅4向手动调节副驾驶手套箱第一排中央扶手第一排中央杯托第一排中央手机槽第一排顶衬LED照明灯 Redline尚·红系列专属内饰曜黑领结方向盘安全科技 ESC电子车辆稳定控制 ABS防抱死制动
前驱 180 10.9 10.5:1 92号或以上无铅汽油符合第六阶段排放标准 3.7 4.9 麦弗逊式独立悬架/扭杆梁式非独立悬架前盘后鼓电动助力
S
S S S S S S S S S S S
-
S
S
S
S
-
-
-
S
-
-
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
-
S
SSLeabharlann SSSS
S
雪佛兰新科沃兹20MY参数配置表
雪佛兰新科沃兹20MY参数配置表
325T自动欣悦版国VI 89,900
Redline 325T自动欣尚版国VI 96,900
4474 1730 1471 2600 1494/1498 1120 16吋炫银铝合金运动轮毂 195/55R16 10.4 T115/70R15 90M
36 469L
4474 1730 1471 2600 1494/1498 1120 16吋曜黑铝合金运动轮毂配炫红标识 195/55R16 10.4 T115/70R15 90M
-
O
O
LED灯珠晶钻立体前大灯
-
O
O
Wi-Fi 行车记录仪
O
O
O
外饰颜色
海崖灰（可选Redline）
O
O
O
流云白（可选Redline）
O
O
O
日出红（可选Redline）
O
O
O
星夜蓝
O
-
-
秋叶棕
O
-
-
内饰颜色
曜黑双拼质感内饰
S
-
-
Redline 曜黑双拼质感内饰
-
S
-
Redline 焦糖色配曜黑打孔皮质内饰
车型名称官方指导价（元） EBD电子制动力分配 HSA坡道起步辅助 TCS牵引力控制 CBC弯道制动控制 EDC发动机拖滞力矩控制 MSD小备胎检测 PBA紧急制动辅助 EBW紧急制动预警 TPMS四轮独立数显胎压监测倒车雷达前排安全带未系提醒前排正面安全气囊前排侧安全气囊第二排ISOFIX儿童安全座椅接口发动机防盗锁止行车四门自动落锁中控门锁后窗除雾功能舒适科技遥控钥匙方向盘多功能按键手动空调纳米级防PM2.5空调滤芯四门电动车窗四门车窗一键上下（防夹） 3.5吋数字仪表盘蓝牙电话/音乐 12V电源接口 4扬声器音响剧院级6扬声器音响选装升级 MyLink智能车载互联系统 - 8吋触摸全彩高清屏 - 车规级混合云导航 - 智能手机映射系统（多系统支持） - 蓝牙电话/音乐 - 倒车影像安吉星智联后视镜 OnStar Lite - 碰撞求助 - 车辆定位 - 安吉星24小时客户服务顾问 - 4G LTE原装集成车载Wi-Fi
36 469L
第八代Ecotec 325T智能直喷涡轮发动机 999
92/5800 180/1350-4000 6速DSS手自一体变速箱
前驱 180 10.9 10.5:1 92号或以上无铅汽油符合第六阶段排放标准 3.7 4.9 麦弗逊式独立悬架/扭杆梁式非独立悬架前盘后鼓电动助力
S
S S S S S S
第八代Ecotec 325T智能直喷涡轮发动机 999
92/5800 180/1350-4000 6速DSS手自一体变速箱
前驱 180 10.9 10.5:1 92号或以上无铅汽油符合第六阶段排放标准 3.7 4.9 麦弗逊式独立悬架/扭杆梁式非独立悬架前盘后鼓电动助力
S
S S S S S S S S S
-
-
S
服务政策
车联系统车载APP定向流量 (首年免流量 12G/年）
-
S
S
动力总成核心部件原厂质保服务（8年16万公里）
S
S
S
备注1：“S”为标准配备，“-”为未配备，“O”为选配装备
声明：本产品样本尽可能在现有资料的基础上做到全面详实，但上汽通用汽车有限公司对价格、色彩、材料、装备、参数、车型等信息保留修改的权利，不再另行通知
O（已包含）
Redline 325T自动欣耀版国VI 99,900 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
S S S S S S S O（已包含） S S
O（已包含）
O（已包含）
O（已包含）
Redline Plus 升级套件 - 曜黑运动尾翼配炫红标识 - 炫红轮毂盖 - 车门防擦条（带反光警示）
325T自动欣悦版国VI 89,900 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
S S S S S S S S -
-
-
Redline 325T自动欣尚版国VI 96,900 S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S
S S S S S O（已包含） S S -
Redline 325T自动欣耀版国VI 99,900
4474 1730 1471 2600 1494/1498 1120 16吋曜黑铝合金运动轮毂配炫红标识 195/55R16 10.4 T115/70R15 90M
36 469L
第八代Ecotec 325T智能直喷涡轮发动机 999
92/5800 180/1350-4000 6速DSS手自一体变速箱