【优化方案】高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型专题突破 二 阅读理解 第一讲 细节理解题强化训练
高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语(新高考)阅读理解 考点分类练1 细节理解题(1)
考点分类练(一)细节理解题(1)(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023广东广州一模)Summer is coming.Are you looking for a part-time job?Here are some possible options.LifeguardAre you a strong swimmer and a good communicator?Would you like a challenge?We are looking for lifeguards for our busy summer season.No experience is necessary as you will get two weeks of training before you start the job.As well as being physically fit,you need to be available for work from Monday to Friday,7-11 a.m.Store assistantWe are looking for store assistants for our busy gift store.Applicants need to be reliable,friendly,and enjoy speaking to customers.A second language is preferred as many of our customers are tourists from other countries.The positions are part-time and you need to work from Thursday to Sunday,10 a.m.-4 p.m.Fashion designerAre you interested in the latest styles?Are you creative and good at art?If so,Dresswise is looking for a young person to create new looks for our teen department.This is a great opportunity to gain experience in the clothing industry.You will need to work four days a week and we’ll pay you for each design we use.We’ll also give you samples of your designs to wear.Game testerAre you into technology and creative?Would you like to play and test educational games and get paid for it?This is an exciting part-time job for somebody who loves playing games.We offer flexible hours.If this is for you,write a description of your favorite game and why you like it in no more than 150 words.If you are interested in any of the above jobs,please contact us at studentunion@.1.What is a shared requirement for the lifeguard and store assistant?municative ability.B.A second language.C.Professional experience.D.A strong body.2.Which job can you apply for if you can only work on weekends?A.Lifeguard.B.Store assistant.C.Fashion designer.D.Game tester.3.What can you get from the job as a fashion designer?A.Samples of the latest styles.B.Payment for each of your designs.C.Experience in the fashion industry.D.Chances to design clothes for adults.Passage2(2023福建泉州三模)Students at Summit Elementary School in Butler,Pennsylvania are growing more than their minds.Under the guidance of their teacher Angela Eyth,they’ve created a productive garden.“The kids are in charge of everything,” Eyth says.Eyth and her students launched the gardening project in 2020 after the teacher attended a conference on how to include lessons about farming in the classroom.Then came the garden.With 16 acres of school district-owned land around their building,there was plenty of room.The project is now two years old,and goes beyond planting and growing:Eyth and her fellow educators structure lessons in science,math and more around their garden.“When we grew cabbages my students noticed something was eating the leaves,” Eyth recalls.“This led to an investigation on figuring out what was eating it and how to stop it:the kids analyzed the evidence they found and acted as engineers in creating ways to keep insects out of the cabbage beds.In the 4th grade,we let the students outside to estimate the number of bean pods (豆荚) they find.” Eyth continues,“People think gardening should be separate from core subjects but it’s far from the truth.The kids’ curiosity keeps it rolling.”The kids also keep the produce rolling—So much so that with a $70,000 donation from Remake Learning/Grable Foundation,they’re using that money to build a greenhouse at their school.The funds help them launch an outdoor classroom and open a farm stand at Broad Street that brings fresh fruits,vegetables,herbs and more to an area of their community where affordable fresh produce is hard to find there.Such areas are often called “food deserts.”“Our students discover the value of sharing their harvest with the community surrounding nearby Broad Street Elementary School,” says Eyth.“They’re so proud of what we’re doing here.”4.What is the purpose of the project?A.To prepare students for career planning.B.To seek new ways of vegetable growing.C.To allow students to learn by gardening.D.To encourage students to get close to nature.5.What do the teachers do with the project at present?A.Expand the farming land.B.Integrate relevant subjects.C.Investigate insects’ activities.D.Estimate the number of vegetables.6.What can we know about the project?A.It was launched by the school board.B.Its experience was introduced at a conference.C.It built a greenhouse in the “food desert” areas.D.Its produce benefits the community around.7.What do the students think of the project?A.It is tiresome.B.It requires creativity.C.It is rewarding.D.It needs more donations.Passage3(2023安徽黄山二模)A team of researchers from the University of Groningen,the University ofTuscia,Roflight,Lemselobrink and the Royal Netherlands Air Force has designed,built and tested a robot named RobotFalcon fashioned to look and fly like a peregrine falcon(游隼)as a means of driving off flocks(群)of birds around airports.Birds,whether alone or in flocks,are a menace to flying planes.When a plane strikes a bird,damage will be caused—occasionally with disastrous results.The plane that famouslylanded on the Hudson River in 2009,for example,was damaged by birds entering the plane’s engines accidentally,causing their failure.Scientists have been working on ways to prevent birds from entering flight spaces but thus far have met with only partial success.Currently drones(无人机) are used to scare birds away,just as trained falcons and systems that make sounds of birds in great pain.In this new effort,the researchers took a new approach—they designed a remote-controlled flying robot just like a peregrine falcon that catches and kills other birds,which therefore try to avoid it.The result is the RobotFalcon,which is painted to look like a real peregrine falcon and is powered by an internal engine.To capably copy the flying patterns of a falcon,the researchers studied the flying characteristics of real birds and then added features to their robot bird that would allow it to fly in similar ways.During field tests,the robot bird scared away entire flocks of birds within five minutes of arrival:on half of these flights,it was able to clear the field within 70 seconds.The team conducted multiple tests with the same flock of birds over three months and found no habituation—they were afraid of it no matter how often they saw it.8.What does the underlined word “menace” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Wonder.B.Threat.C.Limit.D.Target.9.Which of the following has been used to scare birds away?A.Selected wild falcons.B.Drones in the shape of birds.C.Systems producing birds’ bitter cries.D.Specially designed plane engines.10.What contributes to the researchers selecting a peregrine falcon for their design?A.It is scary.B.It can be easily caught.C.It is typical in Roflight.D.It has unique flying patterns.11.Why was the robot tested repeatedly with the same flock of birds?A.To predict its service life.B.To improve its efficiency.C.To work out a service schedule.D.To measure its long-term effectiveness.答案：考点分类练(一)细节理解题(1)Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。
[优选]阅读理解高考英语二轮复习演示课件
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模块二 专题一 第1讲 细节理解题
高考二轮总复习 • 英语
【（名名校师课整堂理】课获本奖专P题PT）-模阅块读专理题解阅高读考理英解语高二考轮英复语习二演轮示复课习件课p件pt[优1质]（说最课新稿版（本精）选推）荐
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第二步：运用跳读、略读技巧快速在原文中查找定位词或定位词的 近义词，迅速定位原文，找出相关的句子；
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(2020·全国Ⅰ·A)Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on
Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am to 5：00
第三步：分析比对选项与文中细节，得出正确答案。
【（名名校师课整堂理】课获本奖专P题PT）-模阅块读专理题解阅高读考理英解语高二考轮英复语习二演轮示复课习件课p件pt[优1质]（说最课新稿版（本精）选推）荐
模块二 专题一 第1讲 细节理解题
高考二轮总复习 • 英语
【（名名校师课整堂理】课获本奖专P题PT）-模阅块读专理题解阅高读考理英解语高二考轮英复语习二演轮示复课习件课p件pt[优1质]（说最课新稿版（本精）选推）荐
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事实细节题主要考查对某句话或某几句话的理解，“题干定位 法”是做事实细节题最基本的也是最常用的方法：
第一步：根据题干内容提取关键信息定位词。定位词主要是题干 中的名词、动词和数词等，即问题的核心信息。在原文中查找定位词 或定位词的近义词，找出相关的句子；
【（名名校师课整堂理】课获本奖专P题PT）-模阅块读专理题解阅高读考理英解语高二考轮英复语习二演轮示复课习件课p件pt[优1质]（说最课新稿版（本精）选推）荐
新教材适用2024版高考英语二轮总复习第2部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解第2讲题型破解__推理判断
考点4 语篇出处或读者对象题辨明题类文章来源题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类别。
读者对象推断题要求考生根据短文内容和文中的措辞推断文章的读者对象，即作者针对的读者对象是什么人。
设问形式常有：(1)This passage would probably/most likely be found in ．(2)The passage is probably taken from/out of ．(3)The passage is probably intended for ．技法点拨1．利用内容判断文章出处(1)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：newspaper。
(2)推销介绍新产品：advertisement。
(3)文章中有click here, download, upload, link, mouse, surf等网络标志语等网络用语：website。
(4)旅游胜地方面的介绍：travel guide。
(5)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍：magazine/journal/entertainment section。
(6)科普知识：science report。
(7)文化教育类文章：education section。
2．利用内容判断文章类别(1)旅游景点方面的介绍：travel guide。
(2)新产品/新书/新影片/演出介绍：advertisement。
(3)活动介绍：notice/announcement。
(4)文章前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称：news。
(5)科普知识/研究介绍：science report/study report。
3．确定读者对象先确定文章主题，再根据文章具体细节内容判断读者对象。
真题体验(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷A)Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature Grading Scale90－100, A; 80－89, B; 70－79, C; 60－69, D; Below 60, E．Essays (60%)Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%．Group Assignments (30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course．All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system．Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class．Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded．Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late．If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero．Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero．Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted．21．Where is this text probably taken from？A．A textbook．B．An exam paper．C．A course plan．D．An academic article．【解题示范】第一步：阅读题干，把握关键词Where，is taken from；第二步：快速浏览全文，特别是黑体部分，确定体裁为说明文。
2024版高考英语二轮总复习第2部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解第2讲题型破解__推理判断题课件
考点1 细节推断题
辨明题类
细节推断题要求考生根据语篇内容，就某具体细节进行推断，如时 间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信 息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。一般题干中经常会出现六个动 词：infer(推断)，indicate(象征，暗示)，imply(暗示)，suggest(暗示)， conclude(得出结论，推断出)和assume(假定，设想)。
(1)What's the writer's attitude towards…? (2)What is the author's opinion on…? (3)What does the author think/feel about…?
技法点拨
1．文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度往往隐含在文 章的字里行间或流露于修饰词之中，注意文中作者或人物的措辞。
真题体验
(2023·全国乙卷B) Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape(风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation． Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes．To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame．I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way．
新教材适用2024版高考英语二轮总复习第2部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解第2讲题型破解__推理判断
第二部分专题一第2讲A(2023·湖南省邵阳市高三二模)Heading out of the Scottish Borders and west into Dumfries & Galloway, there are plenty of sights still to see on the journey．GREY MARE's TAILAs one of the UK's highest waterfalls, Grey Mare's Tail is well worth a stop．Park up at the car park, and just along a short path, you can stand and admire this tall, natural feature as the water pours down the hanging valley．On the other side from the first path is a second path, following the path, and you'll reach Loch Skeen, a beautiful glassy swimming pool of mountain water available for travellers．MOFFATAfter you walk head to nearby Moffat for a short stroll around the town, you can have something to eat in one of the cafes or restaurants．If you've got time to spare, Moffat is Europe's first Dark Sky Town, so as soon as the sun sets, you get a better view of the night sky thanks to the special street lighting．WANLOCKHEADTake a drive further west into Dumfries & Galloway and you'll soon reach the dizzy heights of not just the south of Scotland, but all of Scotland! Wanlockhead is Scotland's highest village, which won't come as a surprise once you're there．CRAWICK MULTIVERSEJust a short drive from the highest village is a good place to stretch your legs and see a different place on the area's local industry．Crawick Multiverse has used landscape art to transform a former open cast coal mine into a 55-acre artland, visitor attraction and public space．1．What's special about Grey Mare's Tail？A．Its water is the purest．B．You can swim in Loch Skeen．C．There is a famous valley there．D．It's the largest waterfall in the US．2．Which of the following is the highest altitude in Scotland？A．Dumfries & Galloway．B．Dark Sky Town．C．Wanlockhead．D．Crawick Multiverse．3．Which column of the website can you read this text？A．Culture．B．Advertisement．C．Education．D．Travel．【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。
优化方案(浙江、江苏)高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型突破 专题二 阅读理解 第一讲 细节理解题强化训练
第一讲细节理解题A(2016·浙江大学附中高考全真模拟)Surprisingly，no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals，still less the content or quality of that education.Proper records are just not kept.We know that more than 850，000 children go through hospital each year，and that every child of school age has a legal right to continue to receive education while in hospital.We also know there is only one hospital teacher to every 1，000 children in hospital.Little wonder the latest survey concludes that the extent and type of hospital teaching available differ a great deal across the country.It is found that half the hospitals in England which admit children have no teacher.A further quarter have only a parttime teacher.The special children’s hospitals in maj or cities do best; general hospitals in the country and holiday areas are worst off.From this survey，one can estimate that fewer than one in five children have some contact with a hospital teacher—and that contact may be as little as two hours a day.Most children interviewed were surprised to find a teacher in hospital at all.They had not been prepared for it by parents or their own school.If there was a teacher they were much more likely to read books and do math or number work; without a teacher they would only play games.Reasons for hospital teaching range from preventing a child falling behind and maintaining the habit of school to keeping a child occupied，and the latter is often all the teachers can do.The position and influence of many teachers was summed up when parents referred to them as “the library lady” or just “the helper”．Children tend to rely on concerned school friends to keep in touch with school work.Several parents spoke of requests for work being ignored or refused by the school.Once back at school children rarely get extra teaching，and are told to catch up as best as they can.Many shortstay childpatients catch up quickly.But schools do v ery little to ease the anxiety about falling behind expressed by many of the children interviewed.【解题导语】文章讲述了因病住院学生的教育问题，老师太少，无法保证学生的学习，作者对于这一现象很不满意。
2024版高考英语二轮总复习第2部分阅读能力突破篇专题1阅读理解第1讲题型破解__细节理解题课件
考点3 数字计算题
辨明题类
考点2 间接细节题
辨明题类
考查间接信息题时，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上进行改造。常 用方式是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(词汇和句式结构)改头换 面，或者把文中信息整合归纳，来表达相同的意思。
技法点拨
在做间接细节理解题时，要根据所找信息，分析选项，对比其中所 用词汇，以及表达方式，最后确定选项。
真题体验
(2023·全国乙卷C) What comes into your mind when you think of British food? Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables．But is British food really so uninteresting? Even though Britain has a reputation for lessthan-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists．
真题体验
(2023·全国乙卷A)
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced.Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully.In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine．
优化方案(新课标,全国卷Ⅰ)高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 题型专题突破 二 阅读理解 第二讲 主旨大意
主旨大意题主旨大意题(一)A(2015·石家庄二模)We don’t always get a second chance to achieve our dreams.But some people are lucky，like Matthew McConaughey.Once almost unknown，the actor has recently found himself back on the list of the best actors in Hollywood.His new movie Interstellar is just another sign that his career reinvention has been an incredible success.“The film relies on McConaughey’s performance to hold together the emotional story of a father and his daughter against the background of space travel at the end of the world，”Forbes commented.But only years ago，the Texas native was often the butt of jokes(笑柄) about being too handsome.In 1993，after meeting with director Richard Linklater，McConaughey starred in Dazed and Confused.And a Hollywood career was born，mostly in romantic comedies.For a long time，the whole world believed McConaughey was just a handsome guy with comic talent.But McConaughey stopped starring in that type of movie，and began to use his looks differently.Slowly he built up his reputation as a serious actor.In 2013，McConaughey was offered to play an AIDS activist in Dallas Buyers Club.The role saw the normally muscular actor losing 50 pounds in order to appear sick.His performance won him an Oscar for Best Actor.The actor gave thanks to someone he has always looked up to as a hero during his Oscar acceptance speech.When he was 15，the actor said，he decided that his hero would be himself in 10 years.But 10 years later，he pushed the deadline ahead another decade.Then 10 years later，another decade.“My hero’s always 10 years away，”he said.“I’m never going to attain that.That keeps me with somebody to keep on chasing.”Or perhaps constantly chasing the chance to be his own hero has given him a second chance to pursue his dreams.【解题导语】本文是一篇人物介绍，主要讲述了演员McConaughey因不满足自己所取得的成绩，不断挑战自我，努力向前，最终成为闻名好莱坞的著名演员，成就了自己梦想的故事。
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细节理解题细节理解题(一)A(2015·山西四校第三次联考)Selena Gomez and I are scheduled to meet at a low －key coffee shop in Encino.Not wanting to keep the superstar waiting，I arrived at nine，20 minutes early.As I was catching up on e－mails，Selena quietly scooted into the seat next to me.No bodyguard.Not even a drop of makeup.She was ten minutes early and so inconspicuous that no one else in the restaurant looked up so much.Selena was wearing Bebe shorts.She had a baby face and ordered a hot chocolate.After making a small talk about what she wore for the shoot，she dived into the subject of her career.Selena declared 2012 the year of movies.She filmed three: Spring Breakers，a drama; The Getaway，an action flick; and Hotel Transylvania, a comedy.Each is a marked move away from the teen style that made her a household name.Now that her Disney days are behind her，Selena is at that unstable point ina child star’s career where she is trying to grow up — both as a person(she turned20 in July) and as an artist.“Being part of the Disney Channel was such a blessing，and I’m super happy with what my show accomplished，but acting is something I would like to take on more seriously.” She continued，“I don’t necessarily feel accomplished.I want to creat a whole different persona when it comes to acting.”Selena has been working full－time since she was seven years old and scored a role on Barney&Friends.In 2007 when she was offered the lead in Wizards of Waverly Place，Selena，her mother，and her stepfather uprooted from Grand Prairie，Texas，to L．A.，where they are settling now.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了著名演员Selena Gomez的相关情况。
1．When was it that Selena arrived at the low－key coffee shop?A．At ten. B．At ten to nine.C．At ten past nine. D．At thirty past nine.解析：选C。
细节理解题。
根据文章第一段的“I arrived at nine，20 minutes early”和“She was ten minutes early”可知，Selena是9点10分到咖啡店的，即C项正确。
2．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the second paragraph?A．Selena went into her film career as soon as they met in the coffee shop.B．Three famous films filmed in 2012 have shown her teen style.C．The film Hotel Transylvania is an action flick filmed in 2012.D．Each of the three films marks Selena’s move away from her teen style.解析：选D。
细节理解题。
根据文章第二段的“Each is a marked move away from the teen style that made her a household name.”可知，D项正确。
3.How did Selena think of Disney days which were behind her?A．She thought of playing in Disney as a blessing.B．She didn’t feel very satisfied with her shows in Disney.C．She found her not accomplished in her performance in Disney.D．She believed her being part in Disney Channel was a blessing.解析：选D。
细节理解题。
根据文章第三段的“Being part of the Disney Channel was such a blessing”可知，Selena认为作为Disney Channel的一分子是件幸事，即D项正确。
4.The underlined word “uprooted”in the last paragraph probably means “________”．A．moved B．pickedC．changed D．informed解析：选A。
词义猜测题。
根据文章最后一段的“Selena，her mother，and her stepfather uprooted from Grand Prairie，Texas，to L．A.，where they are settling now.”可知，Selena和她的母亲、继父从Grand Prairie搬家到L.A.，即A项正确。
BLSE Summer School, located in the heart of London, is the largest university summer school in Europe.Our courses are suitable for those who are at, or are about to start university.Our school will begin accepting applications in March 2017.CoursesAccounting，Finance，Law，Economics，Business and International Relations.DatesSession One: 6－ 26 July; Session Two: 27 July－ 14 August._RatesThe studentrate The standardrateOne Session ￡1，775 ￡2，500Both Session ￡2，975 ￡4，250The student rate applies to all full－time students who are studying at a university or college anywhere in the world.Accommodation is not included.In addition, a ￡50 application fee must be paid when submitting your application._Applicant_requirementsIf you have studied in the UK, you don’t need any additional English qualifications.Students from other countries will generally not require a visa to study at our school.However, you will enter the UK as a “Student Visitor”．Course changes are permitted before the start of the programme and within three days of the session._Contact_hours_and_teaching_methodsLSE Summer School courses are full－time and normally consist of 48 hours over the three－week period, taking the form of 36 hours of lectures and 12 hours of classes.Lectures, attended by all students, take place in either the morning or afternoon supplemented by small one－hour classes of approximately 15 students._Assessment_and_examinationsAssessment for LSE Summer School is based on the results of either two written examinations，or a final written examination and assessed work.Examinations are required and no exception can be made for any reason.Successful students are awarded a certificate and transcript.If you have any questions, please click here to see our frequently asked questions or contact us.【解题导语】本文对LSE暑期学校的课程、费用、申请要求等方面进行了介绍，以吸引更多的学生前来学习。