2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文(3)
2014年职称英语综合类考试教材补全短文文章及译文(3)
2014年职称英语综合类考试教材补全短文文章及译文（3）2014年职称英语考试时间为3月29日。
小编为您整理职称英语教材中，补全短文部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益。
Are Online Friends Real Friends?Modern computer technology has made a new kind of human relationship possible: online friendship. ____(1)____. Are online friendships as beneficial as face-to-face friendships? What are the advantages and disadvantages of having virtual friends? Can people form strong bonds online? Today these questions are the subject of lively debate1.Some people believe that the Internet is the best way to make new friends. It’s convenient, it’s fast, and it allows to make contact with different kinds of people from all over the world. When you use social networking websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with interests and hobbies similar to yours2. Information updates and photos add to the experience. Making friends on the Internet is especially good for shy people who feel uncomfortable in social situations. It’s often easier to share thoughts and feelings online. ____(2)____. They can make people feel less lonely and help them solve problems.Although the Internet can encourage friendship, it has a major disadvantage. ____(3)____. Online friends only tell you what they want you to know. They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hid e the less positive ones, so you can’t be sure of what they really like3. That is why you should not give personal information to anyone online unless you’re totally sure of who that person is.Can online friendship be as meaningful as face-to-face ones? There are different points of view. Researchers at the University of Southern California surveyed 2,000 households in the United States. The results showed that more than 40 percent of participants feel “as strongly about their online buddies”as they do about their “offline”friends. ____(4)____. In contrast, there are many people who believe that it’s not possible to have deep relationships with online friends. A young Indian software engineer, Lalitha Lakshmipathy，says，“it’s good to feel connected with many people, but all my e-buddies are not necessarily my close friends. ”____(5)____. They say that it’s hard to develop feelings of trust and connectionwhen you don’t share experiences in person4.People continue to express different opinions about online friendship. However, most of them would agree that virtual friendships must not replace face-to-face friendships. As one life coach says, “a social networking site should only be the ‘add on’ in any relationship.”注释：1.Today these questions are the subject of lively debate.：现今这些问题成了人们热议的话题。
2014职称英语阅读理解(共50篇,含中英文翻译,译文和详细解答,求精,求分,求下载)
阅读理解第34篇What do chicken pox, the common cold，the flu，and AIDS have in common? They're all disease caused by viruses，tiny microorganisms that can pass from person to person. It‘s no wonder1 that when most people think about viruses, finding ways to steer clear of2 viruses is what's on people's minds.Not everyone runs from the tiny disease carriers, though3.In Cambridge，Massachusetts4, scientists have discovered that some viruses can be helpful in an unusual way. They are putting viruses to work，teaching them to build some of the world‘s smallest rechargeable batteries.Viruses and batteries may seem like an unusual pair, but they're not so strange for engineer Angela Belcher, who first came up with5 the idea. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge，she and her collaborators bring together different areas of science in new ways. In the case of the virus-built batteries，the scientists combine what they know about biology，technology and production techniques.Belcher‘s team includes Paula Hammond，who helps put together the tiny batteries，and Yet-Ming Chiang, an expert on how to store energy in the form of a battery. "We're working on things we traditionally don‘t associate with nature," says Hammond.Many batteries are already pretty small. You can hold A，C and D batteries6 in your hand. The coin-like batteries that power watches are often smaller than a penny. However，every year，new electronic devices like personal music players or cell phones get smaller than the year before. As these devices shrink，ordinary bakeries won‘t be small enough to fit inside.The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now，Belcher‘s model battery，a metallic disk completely built by viruses，looks likea regular watch battery. But inside，its components are very small-so tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope.How small are these battery parts? To get some idea of the size，pluck one hair from your head. Place your hair on a piece of white paper and try to see how wide your hair is-pretty thin，right? Although the width of each person‘s hair is a bit different，you could probably fit about 10 of these virus-built battery parts，side to side，across one hair. These microbatteries may change the way we look at viruses7.词汇：chicken pox水痘collaborator n.合作者，协作者microorganism n.微生物pluck v.拔，摘，采metallic adj.金属的注释：1.no wonder：不足为奇的，难怪2.steer clear of：避开，绕开3.though：意思为―然而，可是‖。
2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文(4)
2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文（4）2014年职称英语考试时间为3月29日。
小编为您整理职称英语教材中，阅读理解部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益。
Motoring Technology1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.Travelling at speed has always been dangerous. One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don’t miss important road signs or fall asleep. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology "sees through" big vehicles blocking your view.And improvements to seat belts, pedal(脚踏)controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape.But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don’t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations(创新).Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help.Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyons’s personal chauffeur(司机),but their latest efforts suggest that won’t be soon.1.To reduce car crash rate,many scientists are working hard toA.design fully automatic cars.B.develop faster electric vehicles.C.analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year.D.improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels.2.According to the second paragraph,most road accidents happen due toA.heavy traffic.B.human mistakes.C.engine failure.D.bad weather.3.Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.B.Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog.C.Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles.D.Improvements in seat belts,pedal controls and tyres.4.Satellite tracking and remote communication systems cna be used toA.reduce oil consumption.B.remove the obstacles on the road.C.call for help when one’s car crashes.D.help drivers get out of a traffic jam.5.Which of the following statements is true of robotic drivers?A.It will take some time before robotic drivers are available.B.Robotic drivers are not allowed to driveon busy roads.C.Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers.D.Robotic drivers are too expensive to use.答案与题解：1.C 文章第一段的意思是：在世界范围内，每年发生120万起交通死亡事故，加上5000万起伤残事故，因此正在进行的许多研究的重点是安全问题和新燃料问题，尽管一些电动车和生物燃料的研究旨在达到更快的速度。
2014年职称英语综合类新增文章+题目+翻译
2014年职称英语综合类教材新增第二部分阅读判断第九篇What Is a Dream？（B级）For centuries，people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however，think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact，many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person…s mind and emotions.Before modern times，many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist，Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book，The interpretation of Dreams （1900），Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a pe rson…s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings，thoughts，and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud…s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example，people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand，people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example，psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California，Santa Cruz，believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person…s daily life，thoughts，and behavior. A criminal，for example，might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff，dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example，the people in men…s dreams are often other men，and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women‟s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world，including bothmodern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves？Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However，one thing they agree on this：If you dream that something terrible is going to occur，you shouldn…t panic. The dream may have meaning，but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It‟s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.词汇：psychologist n.心理学家psychiatrist n.精神病学家（医生）Austrian adj.奥地利的gender n.性别注释：1.Sigmund Freud西格蒙德弗洛伊德（1856—1939），犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。
2014职称英语综合阅读理解译文
严格意义上来讲，回忆录是既注重作者本身的生活经历，也注重其所处的时代所发生的事件 的自传性的描述。回忆录作者通常把这些事件作为他们生活的背景。他们详细地描述这些事件并 论述这些事件的重要性。虽然近些年，回忆录这个词似乎开始变得可以和自传互换，但是目前回 忆录也许还没有因外界评论而有所改变。
传记事实上是记录（作者以外).其他人的生活。在很多方面，传记也许是这三种非小说类文 学作品中最难写的了。自传作者知悉他们所写的事件因为他们就生活在其中。但是传记作者不得 不尽量从很多不同的渠道来收集信息。然后他们不得不决定包含哪种事实。他们的目标是用比较 全面的图片来介绍一个人物，并不是过于萝极也不是过于批判。一个公正并详尽的传记也许要花 费许多年来研究并进行书写。
像Fangmeyer的大学那样规模很大的学校，有4万多学生，学生首先想要找到属于他们的校园一角。
威斯康星大四的学生Katie Rowley肯定了调查结果。“我加入校园组织希望让校园感觉上变得小一些，这样不仅可以投入到校园生活中还可以交到很多朋友”。
这些关于友谊的看法并不意味着学生不考虑他们的经历。Heitner说：“我认为很多人加入校园组织来丰富经历，刚上大学的时候，我加入了一些校园组织，希望培养自己的领导能力。”
但是如果没有热情，学生领导者很难经受风雨考验。例如，在四月份，威斯康星大学几个学生组织展开了一项活动，向学生讲述无家可归和贫困。学生领导必须面对一些问题，比如解决争论，受雨天影响而更改活动日期，同学校复杂的机构打交道。
Fangmeyer说：“课外的这种学习确实带来很大不同。”
第三篇 小心鲨鱼! Shark attack!
克雷格 罗杰斯正坐在他的冲浪板上估算着下一波浪离他还有多远，就在这时冲浪板不动了。他低头向水下看，惊悚的一幕出现了：一条大白鲨正在撕咬冲浪板的前端。“
2014年职称英语考试综合类A级真题全文翻译汇总
When Our Words Collide"Wanna buy a body?"That was the opening line of more than a few phone calls I got from self-employed photographers when I was a photo editor at U.S.News.Like many in the mainstream press,I wanted to separate the world of photographers into "them",who trade in pictures of bodies or run after famous people like Princess Diana,and"us",the serious news people. But after16years in that role,I came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distinguishable.“想买尸体的照片吗？”自从我当上《美国新闻》的图片编辑之后，我接到的自由摄影师打来的电话很多都是以这么一句开场的。
跟很多主流媒体一样，我想把这些买卖尸体照片或者整天跟着像戴安娜王妃这样的名人后面追拍的摄影师，归到“那些人”里面，而我们“这些人”自然是严肃的新闻人。
但是在这个位置上做了16年以后，我开始怀疑这两个世界是不是真的能轻易区分开。
Working in the reputable world of journalism,I toldphotographers to cover other people's difficult life situations.I justified marching into moments of sadness,under the appearance of the reader's right to know.I worked with professionals talking their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines.And I wasn't alone.既然在新闻界这种声誉卓著的行业工作，我就要求摄影师们去采访其他人艰难的生活状况。
2014全国职称英语等级考试卫生类 补全短文译文
第五部分补全短文第一篇身材苗条的女性可能很早就为体重发愁身材瘦削的女性自认为身体肥胖的原因有很多，但是一项新析研究表明态度通常与童年的经历有关。
研究者发现在他们调查的2，400名身材瘦削的女性中，有将近10%的人认为她们太重了。
童年的经历有可能造成对身体形象存有不正确的态度，其中包括：父亲或者母亲生病，或是年幼时便开始酗酒或是过性生活。
以哥本哈根丹麦癌症协会的Susanne Kruger Kjaer博士为首的研究者认为,社会认为的“理想”女性身材趋向偏瘦型身材。
研究者指出，很多体重正常的女性希望体重再减轻—些。
为了调查身材瘦削女性心目中的身体形象，研究者给2,443名27岁到38岁、体重指数在正常值下限的女性发放了问卷。
这些女性被问及从童年经历到目前的运动习惯等因素。
总的来说，大约10%的女性认为她们太胖了。
那些童年或青少年时代经历过某种”严重的生活事件”的人更容易对身体形象存有不正确的态度，这些事件如父亲或者母亲生病或受教育的希望破灭。
那些还不到15岁就有性生活或开始酗酒的女性也同样如此。
与此形成对照的是，研究者报告说，成年后的痛苦事件，例如严重的疾病或严重的婚姻问题，与不正确的身体形象观无关。
加尔和她的同事们写道：“我们的研究结果表明，对自己体型的不满可能在人生根早的时候就产生了。
”第二篇尿床每天晚上全世界会有数百万的孩子尿床。
尿床现象如此普遍，以至于你们班里也可能有别的孩子也尿床。
大多数孩子不会把自己尿床的事告诉朋友，因此很容易感到你是独自一人，好像全世界只有你一个人尿床。
但你并不是一个人。
尿床的学名是夜间遗尿。
遗尿在家族中代代相传.也就是说，如果你有尿床的毛病，很可能你的近亲小的时候也尿床：正如你的那双蓝眼睛可能遗传白你母亲，或者你的两条长腿遗传自你的叔叔，你尿床也可能是遗传所致。
很重要的一点是没有人会故意尿床。
尿床并不意味着你懒惰或是粗俗。
这是件身不由己的事。
因为某些原因，尿床的孩子感觉不到他膀胱已满而起来去上厕所。
2014职称英语 综合A-阅读理解译文(34-50完美word版+新增)
2014职称英语综合A 阅读理解（34-50篇）34逃亡在宾馆里闲待一个下午是很无聊的。
巡回乐团道具管理组的成员在用美元玩儿游戏，把纸币折成纸飞机的形状然后看谁飞得最远。
因为没有什么事情可以做，我加入了他们并且贏了五局，之后我找了个机会带着我贏的钱退出了游戏。
尽管天色看起来不是很好，我还是决定出去走一走o我向前走到了街道另一边的一个小店里。
与其他的小店不同，它没有吸引眼球的名字和主要经营的项目，取而代之的是普通的霓虹灯，里面则是吸引人的强光。
奇怪的是并没有什么影子映射在窗户上。
我并没有因为这个而停住脚步，我走了进去。
我屏住呼吸，不知道看哪里也不知道从哪里开始看。
一面墙上挂着三个手工缝制的美国壁毯，十分美丽，可能是新做的。
我穿过易拉罐和散落的小玩意儿还有古董家具，在我面前的一面墙上挂着一个崭新的1957年的Straocaster吉他。
一张五十美元的卡插在琴弦上。
我的手抚摸着放唱片的架子，读着标题。
这里还有很多的……“我可以帮助你吗？”她吓了我一跳。
我没有看见在柜台后面的女人。
她看我的方式如此居高临下，这一时让我很紧张像是被一种磁场或是电场紧紧包裹住。
很难避开那个眼神。
但是尽管很不舒服，我还是觉得那种被直视的感觉很美妙，那种感觉对我来说不陌生，对她来说也不陌生oi了愉悦以外她的神情还流露出慈爱和怜悯。
我猜不出她的年龄。
尽管她的眼神充满了友善，她使我想起了我的祖母。
我能感觉到她是一个不喜欢与人争吵的人。
最后我开口说话，“我真的只是看看”，私下里却在好奇有多少东西能够塞进汽车。
她转身离开到后面的屋子，示意我应该跟随其后，但这并非是第一个房间，房间的灯光也让我感觉很特别，灯光来自天花板上的油饤，使一切都笼罩在巨大的阴影之下。
这里没有罕见的电吉他，没有古老的项链，没有鲜花装饰的手绘盒子。
很明显它是陈旧的用来存放垃圾和那些平淡无奇的旧文献的。
我发现了一些旧书，那些金字巳经退去使题目很难辨认。
“它们看起来很有趣。
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2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文（3）2014年职称英语考试时间为3月29日。
小编为您整理职称英语教材中，阅读理解部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益。
Citizen ScientistsUnderstanding how nature responds to climate change will require monitoring key life cycle1 events-flowering, the appearance of leaves, the first frog calls of the spring - all around the world. But ecologists can't be everywhere so they're turning to non-scientists, sometimes called citizen scientists, for help.Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest - birds, trees, flowers budding, etc. - and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat2, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it3 in.A group of scientists and educators launched an organization last year called the National Pheonology4 Network. "Phenology" is what scientists call the study of the timing of events in nature.One of the group's first efforts relies on scientists and non-scientists alike to collect data about plant flowering and leafing every year. The program, called Project BudBurst, collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States. People participating in the project - which is open to everyone - record their observations on the Project BudBurst website."People don't have to be plant experts -they just have to look around and see what's in their neighborhood," says Jennifer Schwartz, an education consultant with the project. "As we collect this data, we'll be able to make an estimate of how plants and eommunities5 of plantsand animals will respond as the climate changes."词汇：Frog n. 蛙 Ecologist n.生态学家 Phenology n.物候学 Bud v.发芽，萌芽;n.芽，花蕾Neighbor(u)rhood n.近邻;邻近地区 Database n.数据库Professional adj.专业的，职业的;n.职业选手，专业人员注释：1. life cycle：生命周期，即生物发展过程的系列变化。
2. hyper-local beat: beat 在此做名词用，意思是：某类新闻报道，如，a business beat;商业专题报道。
这是近年来出现的新词。
Hyper-local beat 即hyper-local news，指的是被传统新闻报道方式所忽略的小型社区或居民居住区里发生的相关信息报道。
在美国由此而诞生了hyper-local news website，专门对主流媒体所没有覆盖的地区所发生的事件进行报道，其形式多以网民，即短文中所提及的citizen journalists，上传所在社区发生的事件报道、照片或视频为主。
这是网络时代产生的又一新生事物。
3. data 是复数形式，但常用做单数，所以这里的代词是it。
另参见最后一段“As we collect this data, ...”。
这里的data 也用作单数。
4. phenology：物候学或生物气候学，是气候学和生态学的边缘学科，主要研究气候环境对生物的影响。
5. communities：生态学词汇：生物群落，记载比较相似的环境条件下在特定自然区域或环境中生活和互相影响的一群植物和动物。
练习：1. Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need themA) to provide their personal life cycles.B) to observe the life cycle of plants.C) to collect data of the life cycle of living things.D) to teach children knowledge about climate change.2. What are citizen scientists asked to do?A) To develop a specific research interest and become professional scientists.B) To send their research observations to a professional database.C) To increase their knowledge about climate change.D) To keep a record of their research observations.3. In "All that's needed to become one... (paragraph 2) ", what does the word "one" stands for?A) a citizen journalist.B) a citizen scientist.C) a scientist.D) a citizen.4. What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?A) Only experts can participate in it.B) Everybody can participate in it.C) It collects life cycle data on a variety of common plants.D) It has its own website.5. What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?A) To study when plants will have their first buds.B) To find out the types of plants in the neighborhood.C) To collect life cycle data on a variety of common plants from across the United States.D) To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.答案与题解：1. C第一段和第二段的第一句告诉我们，要在世界范围内观察气候对大自然中生物生命周期的影响，数量有限的科学家不可能足迹遍及天下，为此科学家求助于普通公民的参与。
所以C 是正确选择。
2. B第二段第三句中encourage ordinary people to observe…的主语是The citizen scientist movement，即公民参与科学观察的运动。
所以D 不是正确选择。
A 和C 不符合文章的句意，因此也不是正确的选择。
这个句子的大意是：这一运动鼓励普通公民根据自己的兴趣爱好进行科学观察，并将观察结果送交数据库，让专门领域的科学家做进一步的观察。