word-guessing
英语阅读理解中的词义猜测
高三二轮复习之阅读理解--- 词义猜测Word - guessing教学目标：培养学生在快速阅读文章过程猜测单词，短语的能力。
认识到词义猜测题在高考阅读中的重要性。
教学内容：学习学案上的阅读技巧并结合阅读技巧做针对性的练习，进一步把答题技巧落到实处。
教学重点：各种阅读技巧，构词法和特殊词汇的掌握。
教学难点：真正把各种技巧落实到做题中去。
教学步骤：1.Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My teacher was an older woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.2.A good boss can tell the adept workers from the unskilled ones easily.3.）Andrew is one of the most arrogant men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite modest.4.）Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.Skill 21. She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.1）Tom is considered an indefatigable leader because he always works day and night and never feels tired.3 .That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.Skill 31. Bill ranked second in the semifinal of 1,500 meters .2. New research has found that the ability to quantify may develop much sooner. （济南市一模）高考链接：以下单词都是从近年高考题中选取，猜测其词义，并按构词法将其拆分。
Language+Study教学课件
Talk about Tangshan Earthquake
Strange things happened before the earthquake
1. Wells --- deep cracks, a smelly gas
It seem (/seemed) as if … 好像，仿佛 e.g . It seems as if nothing has happened
at an end 结束，终结 e.g. The war was at an end.
at the end of 在……尽头，在……末 e.g. Go straight and you’ll find the hospital at the end of the road. by the end of 直到…末,主句一般用完成时
Biblioteka The people were very shocked at the destruction
1. hospitals, factories, buildings, homes – were gone 2.Bricks --- like red antumn leaves 3.dams --- fell 4.bridges ---fell. not safe for travelling 5.the railway tracks --- useless pieces of steel 6.cows --- never give milk again 7.Pigs, chickens --- were dead 8.The recue workers and doctors --- were trapped under the ruin 9.buildings --- fell down. 10.Water, food and electricty --- hard to get
Word guessing
• 5. 利用单词的作用和关系 • (1) If you have any problems, you —————————— may look up that heavy encyclopedia on the bookshelf. • A. 书 B. 字典 • C. 百科全书 D. 科技书 • 相信不难猜出，bookshelf 上放着的 应是book了，而这本书又很heavy, 另 外，它还可以帮我们解答任何问题， 所以，应是C. 百科全书。
• 4. 利用暗示信息 • “My son has been in school for ____________________ twelve years and he cannot write a ______________________________ sentence,‖ Tom shouted to the ___________________________ headmaster. ―You’ve made him as __________ illiterate.‖ • 依据信息“上学12年”，“还不会写一 个句”，“大喊大叫”可知家长在指责校 方，也就不难猜出 illiterate 意为“文 盲”。
• (1) Anthropology ______________ is the scientific study of man. ____________ • 由定义可知，anthropology 就是“研 究人类的科学”。 • (2) In slang the term ―jam‖ constitutes a state of being in ___________________________ which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. _________________________ • 从下文的定义可知 “jam‖ 一词在俚语 中的意思是 “困境”。
新视野大学英语第二册unit 2 Fads and trends
“People say that my green hair and mini-skirt are only fads, not trends. Why? What is the difference between trend&fad?”
Tip for Question 5: you may refer to Paragraph 7.
YOUR SITE HERE
Discussion: The Change of Barbie
1959 1971
LOGO 1986
1962
1998
2000
2012
YOUR SITE HERE
Discussion: The Change of Barbie
LOGO
Simple Clothes Lovely Girl American Doll
Section ASectBiblioteka on BSection C
Warmingup
Our Changing Lifestyle: Trends and Fads
These days, lifestyles have a tendency to
change so fast. It is more than just clothing and hairstyles that are in style one year and out
Watch the movie clip of Barbie: A Fashion Fairytale, and answer the following questions. Do you think Barbie girl is fashionable? Why?
高中英语阅读理解技巧之词义猜测题
√C. Strong D. interesting
What skills have we learnt?
1.通过对比和比较找出反义词，近义词 来猜测词义（synonym，antonym）
脆的
4.定义法
解题技巧四：
根据 定义（definition）来猜 测词义
常用提示词：that is，be defined as, be known as , be called, mean 等.
skill4
1.) The young man was bashful that he did not dare to speak to the pretty girl.
英语阅读理解技巧之 词义猜测题
（word-guessing）
Lead-in(导入)
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
1）The underlined word / phrase in the passage means ____．
2）The word "it / them"in the first paragraph refers to ____．
2.根据因果关系猜测词义（cause and effect）
3.根据 定义来猜测词义（definition）
4.根据 构词法：前缀、后缀来猜测词义
5.根据 列举的事例来猜测词义 （example）
6.通过上下文语境来猜测词义（context）
1. When Andrea Peterson did her first teaching job, she faced the daunting task of creating a music program with almost no money for equipment or supplies .
初中英语阅读技能有五种
初中英语阅读技能初中英语阅读技能有五种，即skimming略读,scanning寻读,predicting预测,inferring 推理判断,word-guessing猜测词义。
Skimming略读，也叫跳读:此方法是阅读者很快的浏览标题、小标题,开头或结尾的关键句和典型的关键词,从而对阅读材料的大意有一个大概的了解,并且能找到一些重要信息.阅读时不能一句一句地读,而是迅速的转移阅读视线,筛选出重要信息.这种阅读策略节约了大量的时间,并能尽快的找出有用的内容,了解文章大意.Scanning寻读，也叫扫读:此方法是快速地在阅读材料和任务中查找出自己所需的信息,根据信息的提示,在阅读材料中寻找关键词句,并进行初步的分析和对比.采用此策略的关键是阅读者必须明确自己的阅读任务,从任务入手有目的的寻找信息,而不需逐段逐句的进行阅读.Predicting预测:此方法是阅读者利用他对文章配图、标题及体裁的初步映像,对阅读材料中所包含的内容进行推测,然后通过自己的阅读对所猜测的内容进行比较,从而降低阅读的难度.通常，我们可以借助于语法结构、句型进行预测；可以通过标题和主题句来进行预测；可以通过信号词（signal words）和连接上下文的承接手段（transitional devices）进行预测；可以结合背景知识和逻辑推理进行预测；也可以根据段落模式和语篇知识进行预测。
word-guessing词义的猜测主要从两个方面着手：一通过上下文猜测词义，方式有多种，可以根据生词的上下文所给出的信息（其他词的意思、词语的搭配或整句的意思或前后句的叙述）猜词；可以根据上下文对生词进行的定义、说明、解释猜测；可以根据文章中的举例，来猜测词义；可以根据前后文中出现的同义词、近义词或解释性的短语猜测词义；可以根据前后文中出现的意义相反和对立的词或词组猜测词义。
二利用英语中常用的基本构词法，对词的结构进行分析，快速有效地猜测出有些词的意义。
猜测词义
Exercises
Group work ：
a
quick
brown the
fox
jumps lazy
over d o g.
Believe yourself and try!
教师点评
1. 做词义猜测题时注意不要脱离语境。 2. 有些常用词在特定的上下文中，或专业性 文章中，具有特殊的或专门的词义。在解这 类题时，必须仔细地研读划线部分的上下文， 有时阅读的视线还要扩大一些。如果离开特 定的语言环境来理解生词意义，必然会理解 错误。
(adj. 贫穷的,穷困的)
Skill 5
Context 上下文
2）Tom saw an owl last night． A．a bird B C. a star B．an animal C
Tom saw an owl in a tree last night．
A ．a bird B B．an animal C. a star Tom saw an owl in a tree last night but it flew away when he got near．
语言学家
skill 2
对比关系
(v. 不同意)
1. Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented. 2. She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived late.
A A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly
猜 测 词 义
定义 法:由定语从句或由be， or， that is (to 1. ______ say), in other words，be called，be known as, be defined as等词汇或破折号来表示 转折对比 2. 表示______常用词有：but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast with 因果 关系的词有: 3. 表示_______ Because, as, since, for, so, thus, as a result , so…that , such…that, therefore等 同义标志性词 or, like, similar 4. ____
英语学科知识与教学能力(高中)必背
英语学科知识与教学能力（高中）必背考点第二部分语言教学知识与能力第一章外语教学基本理论第二节英语教学法一语法翻译法（grammar translation method）（一）语言观：语言是书面语，语言是一种知识，是由语音，语法和词汇构成的符号体系。
（外语教学法史上最早的一个教学法体系）（二）教学目的：培养学生阅读外国文学作品的能力和模仿范文进行写作的能力（三）特点是：教师用母语授课，授课重点是讲解与分析句子成分和语音、词汇变化与语法规则。
（四）评价优点：母语翻译，强调语法学习，深刻理解外语抽象词义和复杂结构缺点：1. 忽视口语教学，学生的语音语调差，不利于培养学生用外语进行交际的能力；2. 教学方式单一，学生容易失去兴趣。
二直接法（direct method）（一）语言观：语言是一种技能或习惯，习惯的养成要靠大量的重复练习和模仿（二）教学目的：培养学生阅读外国文学作品的能力和模仿范文进行写作的能力。
（三）特点：直接学习，直接理解和直接应用（四）评价优点：1. 采用各种直观教具，接近实际生活，培养用外语思维能力；2. 注重语言实践练习，学生学习积极性高，学习兴趣浓厚；3. 重视口语和语音教学，能有效地培养学生的语言运用能力。
缺点：1. 排斥母语，使学生对一些抽象和复杂的概念难以理解；2. 没有明晰的语法解释，导致学生说出的话语法错误较多。
三听说法（audio-lingual method）（一）语言观：语言是口语，是说出来的话，而不是写出来的文字。
（二）特点：以句型操练为中心，着重培养儿童听说能力的外语教学法。
（三）评价优点：培养学生敢于大胆主动地使用所学语言进行交谈，口语能力较强；重听说，初级阶段帮助大，语音语调自然。
缺点：机械操练不利于发展创造性思维，重形式，轻读写，语境不利于灵活应用。
四情景法(the situational approach)（一）概念：情景法也叫视听法。
强调耳，眼等器官以及大脑整体地去感知和认识外语材料，培养学生的听说读写四种能力。