江苏省黄桥中学2009届高三英语语法专题复习

江苏省黄桥中学2009届高三英语语法专题复习校本讲义冠词【要点点拨】一．不定冠词中的主要用法：1.表“一个”“每一个”（=per）“某一个”（=a certain / some）,如: eight hours a day; a Mr. Smith2.a / an +抽象名词表示具体的人或物（如：a pleasure / success / failure/ comfort / shame等）;a / an +某些物质名词表示“一阵” “一份”等,如: a heavy rain;3. a / an +有些名词= the same+ n. 如: The students standing there are of an age (= of the same age.)二．定冠词的主要用法:（一）1.特定的或上文提到的人或物(包括特指的不可数名词);2.一些习惯用语及固定词组中;（二）1.世界上独一无二的物,或表示方位及发明物前: the universe; the sun; the moon; He invented the wheel;2.乐器名词前: play the violin;3.表计量单位的名词前,表示”按……”: by the dozen / yard / hour;4.与形容词或分词连用表示某一类人或事(或某国家的人): the old / sick / Chinese;（三）1.用于姓的复数形式前表示夫妇两人或某一家人: the Browns2.年代的名词前表示”某十年代” : in the 1990s（四）1.在表示江河,海洋,山脉,群岛,海峡,海湾等名词前：the Yellow Sea; the English Channel; the Rocky Mountains;2.在由普通名词构成的表示机构、国家、建筑、历史朝代、三军、报刊,、杂志等名词前：the Song Dynasty ; the World Trade Center; the People’s Daily; the Times;（五）1.用在序数词及形容词最高级前(但:my first visit to the Great Wall) ;2.对两人/物间进行比较表示特定的一个时(the+比较级): He is the taller of the twins;3.句型”the+比较级……,the+比较级”中:The higher you stand, the farther you’ll see.三．不用冠词的场合:（一）1.抽象和物质名词前(除非表示特定时);2.星期,季节,月份的名词前(比较:in winter / in the winter of 2000 ; on Sunday / on a Sunday in May);3.三餐饭前(比较:have lunch / have a big lunch);4.球类或棋类名词前(play cards / chess);5.表示学科的名词前;6.by+交通工具的名词前(by car =in a car);7.表示节假日的名词前(但:the Mid-Autumn Festival或可说成Mid-Autumn Day);（二）1.在称呼语前及表示人的职位,头衔,身份的名词在句中作表语,补足语及同位语时(在as后也常省略);2.指家中雇佣的cook, nurse, teacher等时不用冠词并且大写:He was made monitor of our class; What’s the matter,Grandpa?（三）1.动词turn后的名词前不用冠词（但become后接可数名词单数时要加冠词）: turn doctor=become a doctor;2.word表示“消息” “诺言”时不用冠词: leave word / keep one’s word / a man of his word;3.man表示“人类”时不用冠词;4.连词as(虽然)引导倒装句中的名词前不用冠词;（四）在一些表示街名,广场名,公园名,大学名,国名,人名等专有名词前:Nanjing Road; Tian An Men Square; Hyde Park (但:the People’s Park); Yal e University ( the University of Yale)（五）下列短语中有无冠词意义大不一样:at (the) table; in (the) prison; at (the) sea; by (the) sea ; by (the) hand; go to (the) hospital; on (the) earth; out of (the) question; by (the) day; i n (the) front of ; (the) three of us; the / a number of; have a word/ words with sb.; a singer and (a) dancer ; a knife and (a)fork ; a / the sec ond time ; a / the most beautiful city四．冠词的位置:1.all / both / half / many / double / such / what / quite+ 冠词+(形容词)+名词:half the books ; many a student ; such a fine day; What a lovely present! quite a big meal2.as / so / how / too+形容词+冠词+名词: so fine a day; too difficult a problem; as clever a boy as you【各个击破】1.-----Jack, there’s ______ Mrs. Smith o n ______phone for you.------I’m in the bath.A. a; theB. the; aC. a; /D. the;/2. Tell her not to stay in _____hotel next time she comes here. I can find _____bed for her in my flat. Now I’m sleepy and I want to head for _______ bed .A. the; / ; /B. a; / ; aC. the; a ; /D. the; a ; the3. After I left _______university, I turned _______ lawyer.A. an; aB. a; aC. / ; /D. the; the4. ------What about ______lecture this morning?------Oh, it was too difficult ________ lecture for me.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; a5. The manager decided to put _____plan into ______ practice because he thought it was ______most practical one.A. the; the; aB. a; /; theC. the; / ; aD. a; the; the6. People of _______kind fall into ______same group and things of _____kind flock together.A. the; the; theB. a; the; aC. a; /; aD. the; a; the7. ------What do you usually have for_____ breakfast ?------Some milk and bread.-----What about Jim?------He never has ______breakfast, for he always gets up too late, but this morning he had quite ________big breakfast.A./ ; / ; /B. /; /; aC. the; the; aD. the; the; /8. He told me that it was _____pleasure to help others and he would do it with ______ pleasure.A. a; aB. /; /C. the; aD. a; /9. ------I have telephoned him for three times this morning, but it seems that he is still in _____hospital.-------Why not call him for _______fourth time? Maybe he’s back now. H e told me yesterday the doctor allowed him to come home this morni ng.A. /; aB. the; theC. a; aD. / ; the10.It’s often less expensive to buy goods in ______quantity, but you’d better examine _______ quality before buying them.A. /; theB. the; /C. a; theD. the; the11. Tim couldn’t remember the exact date of the earthquake, but he knew it was _____Sunday because everybody was at________ c hurch.A./; theB. a; theC. a; /D. the; /12. The price of ________ jewel is decided by the sort of ______material used.A. the; theB. the; /C. /; theD. /; /13. Apples are usually sold by ______weight and eggs are sometimes sold by ______dozen.A. the; theB. /; aC. /; theD. the; a14. ------I hear as many as 50 children were killed in the accident.------Yes, _____news came as _____ shock to me.A. the; theB. the; aC. /; /D. /; a15. -----Are you used to our food here?------More or less, but ______knife and _______fork is still a problem.A. the; theB. a; aC. the; /D. / ; /16. Karl Marx first discovered ______political theory known as _______communism.A. a; aB. the; theC. the; /D. a; /17. _____library building in our school was completed in _____May of 1998, not in_______April, 1997.A. A; / ; /B. The; the; /C. A; the; /D. The; / ; /18. ------What do you think of ______ president?-------I didn’t care for him at first, but after ______ time I got to like him.A. the; aB. / ; theC. the; theD. /; a19. ------ He sent ______word that you shall go to his office after class.------I know. And ______word has come that you are the next person he wants to see.A. / ; /B. the; /C. a; /D. a; the冠词：ACCDC BBDAA CBCBC CBABA。