英语功能意念表述用语
初中英语功能意念项目表
初中英语功能意念项目表————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2初中英语功能意念项目表功能问候提示回答Hi!Hello!Good morning/ afternoon / evening. How are you?Please say Hello to your parents. Please give my best love /wishes to Lucy.Hi!Hello!Good morning/ afternoon / evening.I’m OK. / fine, thanks. And you?/ very well, thank you.Sure. / all right功能介绍提示回答My name is Jim.I’m a student.I’m from England.This is Mr. / Mrs. /Miss/ Ms Brown. I’d like you to meet Bob.Hello.How do you do?Nice / glad / pleased to meet( see ) you.功能告别提示回答Good bye./ bye / Bye-bye.Good night.See you later/ then / tomorrow/ soon.I am sorry I have to go now.Good bye./ bye / Bye-bye.Good night.See you later/ then / tomorrow/ soon.功能感谢提示回答Thank you (very much). Thanks a lot.Thank you for your help. It’s very kind /nice of youThat’s OK /all right. You’re welcome. It’s a pleasure.3功能道歉提示回答Sorry.I’m sorry.Excuse me, please.I beg your pardon.I’m sorry (that ) I am late.That’s OK.It’s all right. Never mind.It doesn’t matter. It’s nothing.功能邀请提示回答Would you like to go for a walk?May I invite you to dinner?What / how about having a swimming?1.OK.Thank you.Yes, I’d love to.That would be nice.2.no, thank you.It’s very nice of you, but my mom is ill. I’d love to, but I have no time.I’m sorry I can’t .功能请示允许提示回答May I come in?Can / Could I use your telephone? Would /do you mind if I open the window?1.Yes, please.Sure.Certainly.That’s all right.Of course, you can.2.I’m sorry , it’s not allowed. I’m afraid not.You’d better not.功能祝愿和祝贺提示回答Have a good day/ time /journey/ trip. Good luck.Thank you. You, too.4Enjoy yourself.Best wish to you.Happy New Year.Merry christmas.Congratulations.Well done.The same to you.功能提供帮助提示回答Do you want me to clean the room? Can I help you?What can I do for you?Let me take your bag.1.yes, please.Yes, thanks.Thank you. That would be nice/ fine.Than you for your help2.No, thank you/ thanks.Thank you all the same.That’s very kind of you. But I can do it myself.功能约会提示回答Will you be free tomorrow?Do you have time this afternoon? How about tomorrow morning? When / where shall we meet? Could we meet at 4:30?Let’s make it 4；30.1.Yes, I’ll be free then.All right. See you then.2.I’m afraid I have no time then.Sorry , I won’t be free then, but I’ll be free tomorrow.功能打电话提示回答Hello. May I speak to Tom? Hello. I’d like to speak to Mr. Green.Is that kTom speaking?1234567,please.Can I leave a message?I’ll call back later /again.Hello. This is Tom speaking.Hello. Who is this?Hold the line, please.Just a moment, please.Hello. Who’s speaking?Sorry , he/ she isn’t here ri ght now.5I’ll ring him / her up again.Can I take a message?I’m afraid you have the wrong number.功能就餐提示回答Would you like something to eat/ drink?What would you like( to have)?Would you like some more rice?1. yes, I’d like a drink. I’d like rice and chicken.Just a little.Can I have some more soup? It’s so delicious, thank you.2.No, thank you.I’m full, thank you.功能就医提示回答What’s the matter?Do you have a fever?It’s nothing serious.Take the medicine three times a day. You’ll be all right/ well soon.I have a headache /cough /fever.I feel terrible /bad /awful.I don’t feel well.I can’t sleep well.功能购物提示回答Can / may I help you?What can I do for you?How many/ much would you like? What color /size/ kind would you like?What about about this one?I want / I’d like a pair of shoes. How much is it / are they?May I try it on? It’s too big / small.Sorry , it’s to expensive.Do you have any other colors /sizes /kinds? Two and a half kilos /pounds, please. That’s fine. I’ll take it.6功能问路提示回答Excuse me. Where’s the washroom?Can you tell me how to get to the post office? Excuse me. Which bus goes to world park? Excuse me. Which is the way to the bank of china? Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the station, please?How can I get to No.4 middle school?It’s over there.It’s about 400 meters from here. Go down this street until you see thetall red building.Turn right /left at the first/ secondcrossing / corner.You can’t miss it.You can take bus No.3.You’d better take a taxi.2. Sorry, I don’t know, I;m new here.功能谈论天气提示回答What’s the weather like today?How’s the weather in Beijing?What a cold / hot day today! It’s a nice / fine /beautiful day today.It’s sunny/ cloudy/ windy/ rainy/ snowy/foggy.It’s getting cold / hot /warm/ cool.功能时间提示回答What’s the time, please?What time is it?When did you come to China? What time do you get up every day?It’s half past five./ twenty to nine.I came to China in 1998.I get up at 6 o’clock.功能时段提示回答How long have you been in this school? How long does it take you to get to school?When did you live in Beijing?How long have you been ill?I have been in this school for 3 years.It takes me 20 minutes by bike.I lived in Beijing from1996 to 1999.I have been ill since last Monday.7功能频率提示回答How often do you go to movies?I go to the movie once a week.I often go to movies.功能位置提示回答Where is the picture?It’s on /at /above /in /under /beside /near/behindthe table.He sits at the back of the room. The lab is in the center of the school.功能方向提示回答Which is the way to the station? Where is the train / bus going?Where are you going?Go down this street, and turn left /right at thefirst turning /crossing.The train is going to Xi’an.I’m going to the railway station.I’m leaving for Shanghai.功能距离提示回答How for is your school from here?It’s about 40 minutes by bike. It’s about 6 kilometers /miles away.功能存在提示回答Is there a bird in the tree? Are there any apples on the tree?What’s in the tree?Yes, there is /are .There’s a bird in the tree. There are many /a lot of birds in the tree.功能形状8提示回答What does it look like?It looks like a cat. It’s long /tall /short.功能颜色提示回答What color is the bag?It’s green / red /blue.功能形状提示回答What’s the table made of? What’s the wine made from?It’s made of wood. It’s made from grapes.功能价格提示回答How much is the dicionary?How much is it?How much are they?Is it cheap / expensive?It’s $25.They are $25.It costs me $25. It’s cheap/ expensive.功能规格提示回答What size is your sweater? What size shoes do you wear?The size of my sweater is XXL.It’s too big / small for me.功能形状提示回答How old are you? How old is he /she?I’m 18.He /she is 6 years old.功能长度提示回答9How long is the bridge?It’s about 400 meters /feet long.功能宽度提示回答How wide is the river?It’s about 200 meters wide.功能高度提示回答How tall /high is the building?It’s 130 meters tall/ high功能数量提示回答How many students are there in your class? How much water do you drink every day?There are 40 in our class.I drink 5 glasses of water every day.功能工作提示回答What do you do?What’s your job? What are you going to be?I’m a teacher /doctor/ worker/farmer. I’m going to be a scientist/ an engineer.功能原因提示回答Why are you late for school?Because I got up late this morning.功能工作单位提示回答Where do you work?I’m teaching in a high school.10。
高考英语功能意念项目表
高考英语功能意念项目表一It’s my pleasure.“这是我的荣幸/不客气。
”用于别人对你表示感谢时的回答。
（=My pleasure.）With pleasure.“我很乐意（帮你）。
”表示同意对方的请求，并且自己将付出行动。
Help yourself.“自便！/自己来吧。
”表示同意对方的请求，但让对方行动。
二Yes, please!“请！”。
表示允许对方做请求之事。
Go ahead.“请。
”表示同意并鼓励对方去做请求之事。
Go on.“继续（做正在进行或谈论的事）。
”三Come on!“来吧！”。
鼓励对方参与某事。
Hurry up!“赶紧，快点！”。
催促对方快点行动。
Good luck!“祝你好运！”，是当双方参加某项活动，如考试、比赛等时，向对方表示的祝福语。
四Congratulations!“祝贺你（们）！”当对方做某事取得了成功或结婚、生子、晋升等时候的用语。
Have fun!“玩得开心点！”。
表示允许对方去吃喝玩乐。
Best wishes!一般用于信的结尾处，表示对对方的祝愿。
（注：当对方外出旅游时常说Good/Nice trip t o you!“祝你旅途愉快！”）五Guess what?“猜猜看？”What else?“还有别的吗？”What’s going on?“怎么了？/这里发生什么事了？/有什么节目？/上演什么电影？”（询问情况）。
六What’s for?表目的和用途，一般翻译成“为了什么？/用来做什么？/干嘛？”（注：why? 询问原因，一般都要用because 来回答。
）What’s up?“怎么了？/有什么事吗？”What’s up? 口语中使用广泛，如有人叫住你或登门访问，而你不明白对方的来意时就可以说“What’s up?”（有什么事？/有何贵干？）年轻人也常说“What’s up?”来打招呼。
比如John 碰到一个朋友Tom说“Hey, John!”John 则回答“Hi, Tom! “What’s up?”表示“你最近怎么样啊？/有什么事吗？”What if …?=What will or would happen if …？“如果（假如）……将会怎么样？”七So what?“那又怎么样呢？”表示出无所谓的样子。
功能意念表
1.社会交往（Social Communications）（1）问候（Greetings）Hi /Hello!Good morning / afternoon / evening.How are you? / How are you doing? Fine, thanks, and you?Very well, thank you.（2）介绍（Introduction）My name is...I′m a student.I′m from England.This is Mr. / Mrs. / Miss / Ms. Brown.I′d like you to meet ...Nice / Glad / Pleased to meet （see）you. （3）告别（Farewells）Good-bye / Bye / Bye-bye.Good night.See you later / then / tomorrow / soon.I′m sorry I have to go now.（4）感谢（Thanks）Thank you （very much）.Thanks a lot.Thank you for your help.It′s very kind / nice of you, but I can…You′re welcome.That′s OK / all right.I really appreciate your help!（5）道歉（Apologizes）I′m sorry.That′s OK.Never mind.（6）邀请（Invitation）Would you like to go for a walk?What / How about swimming? Yes, I′d love to.I′d love to, but I′m afraid …（7）请求允许（Asking for permission）May I come in ?Can / Could I use your telephone?Would / Do you mind if I open the window?Yes, please.Sure / Certainly / Of course.I′m afraid not.You′d better not.（8）祝愿和祝贺（Expressing wishes and congratulations）Have a good day / time / journey / trip!Good luck!Enjoy yourself!Happy New Year!Happy birthday to you!Congratulations!（9）提供帮助（Offering help）May / Can I help you ?Would you like me to help you?No, thanks.（10）约会（Making appointments）Will you be free tomorrow?Do you have time this afternoon?When / Where shall we meet ?Let′s make it 4:30.That would be fine!（11）打电话（Making telephone calls）Hello! May I speak to …?Is that … speaking?Who is speaking?Hello!This is …speaking.Just a moment / second, please.Sorry,I can′t hear you.（12）就餐（Having meals）Would you like something to eat / drink?Help yourself to some fish.What kind of juice would you like?（13）就医（Seeing the doctor）What′s the matter with you?Do you have a fever?How long have you been like this?Take this medicine three times a day.I have a headache / cough / fever.（14）购物（Shopping）What can I do for you ?What colour / size / kind would you like?That′s fine. I′ll take it.（15）问路（Asking the way）Excuse me. Where is…?Could you tell me the way to…,please?Which is the way to…?It′s about 400 meters from here.Turn right / left at the first / second crossing.You can′t miss it.Sorry, I don′t know. I′m a stranger here.（16）谈论天气（Talking about the weather）What′s the weather like today?How is the weather in …?It′s sunny / cloudy / windy / rainy / snowy / foggy. （17）语言交际困难（Language difficulties in communication）Pardon?I beg your pardon.Could you speak more slowly, please?I don′t know the word in English.（18）提醒注意（Reminding and warning）Don′t forget to ...Remember to ...Look out!Be careful!No smoking / spitting!（19）劝告（Advice）You′d better go to see the doctor.You should listen to and read English every day. You should wash your hands first.（20）建议（Suggestions）Let′s go and have a look.Why don′t you play with me?Why not go there yourself?What / How about having lunch with me?2.态度（Attitudes）（21）同意和不同意（Agreement and disagreement）All right.No problem.That′s a good idea.Yes, I think so.I don′t think so.（22）喜欢和不喜欢（Likes and dislikes）He′s interested in table tennis.I like / love / enjoy swimming, too.I′m fond of music.She doesn′t like it at all.（23）肯定和不肯定（Certainty and uncertainty）I′m sure.You′re sure of that.She′s sure that she′ll join us.I′m not sure whether / if she can come.Maybe / Perhaps you′re right.It′s hard to say.（24）可能和不可能（Possibility and impossibility）He can / may come today.She may not come so early.You can′t be in the office now.（25）能够和不能够（Ability and inability）He can / can′t ride a bike.He is / isn′t able to pass the exam.He is / isn′t good at football.（26）偏爱和爱好（Preference and hobbies）I prefer the old way.Which do you prefer , tea or coffee?I like English better / best.My favorite subject is physics.（27）意愿和打算（Intentions and plans）I′ll go with you.I′m going to visit my uncle this afternoon.He plans to go hiking.I want/would like to make a telephone call to her after class.（28）希望和愿望（Hope and wish）I wish / hope to become a doctor.（29）表扬和鼓励（Praise and encouragement）Very good! / Wonderful! / Excellent!Well done!Good job!3.情感（Emotions）（30）高兴（Happiness and pleasure）I′m pleased to know / hear that.（31）惊奇（Surprise）Really?I′m surprised to hear that.（32）忧虑（Worries）What′s wrong?What′s the matter? I′m worried about water pollution.（33）安慰（Reassurance）Don′t worry, you will be fine!Don′t be afraid.（34）满意（Satisfaction）Good / Perfect!（35）遗憾（Regret）I′m so sorry!I′m sorry to hear that.What a pity!That′s too bad!（36）恐惧（Fear）I′m afraid of that dog.4.时间（Time）（37）时刻（Point of time）What′s the time?What time is it?What time do you get up every day?When did you come to China?（38）时段（Duration）How long have you been in this school?It takes me twenty minutes by bike.I′ve been ill since last month / I came back . （39）频度（Frequency）How often do you go shopping?Once a week.Always / Usually / Often / Sometimes / Seldom / Never.5．空间（Space）（40）位置（Position）Where is the picture?It′s on / above / in / at / under / beside / near / behind the table.（41）距离（Distance）How far is your school from here?It′s about 40 minutes by bike.It′s about 6 kilometers / miles away （from here）. 6．存在（Existence）（42）存在和不存在（Existence and non-existence）Look!There is / isn′t a bird in the tree.There are / aren′t many birds in the tree.7．特征（Features）（43）形状（Shape）What does it look like?It′s round / long / tall / short.（44）颜色（Colour）What colour is the bag?It′s red / yellow / orange / blue / green / black / brown / purple / white.（45）材料（Material）What is the table made of?What is the paper made from?The table is made of wood.The paper is made from wood.（46）价格（Price）How much is the dictionary?How much are they?The book costs me 100 yuan.It′s expensive / cheap.（47）年龄（Age）How old are you?I′m 16 （years old）.8．计量（Measurement）（48）长度（Length）How long is the bridge?It′s 430 meters / feet long.（49）宽度（Width）How wide is the river? It′s about 200 meters wide.（50）数量（Number）How many students are there in your class?How much water do you drink every day？9. 比较（Comparison）（51）同级比较（Equal comparison）My ruler is as long as yours.I can′t run as / so fast as you.（52）差别比较（Comparative and superlative）Lily is younger than Kate.Tom is the tallest in his class / of all the boys.（53）相似和差别（Similarity and difference）Tom looks like his father.There are five differences between the two pictures.10. 逻辑关系（Logical relations）（54）原因和结果（Cause and effect）Why are you late for school?Why do you need three recycling bins?Because I got up late this morning.Because we recycle many things.11. 职业（Occupation）（55）工作（Job）What do you do ? / What does she/he do?What′s your job?I′m a teacher / doctor / worker / farmer / businessman / manager。
功能意念Unit 28 Explanation 解释
功能意念Unit 28 Explanation 解释1.Explantion2.Other Useful ExpressionsConversation Practice 查看中文翻译(1) Because the classroom is not openA: Why are you waiting outside the classroom?B: Because it is not open and nobody here got the key. A: Is there anybody doing anything about it?B: Yes, John's trying to call the doorkeeper.(2) The phone rang while I was in the toilet.A: Where were you just now? I tried to ring you.B: I was in all the time. The phone rang while I was in the toilet, but I couldn't answer it, I'm sorry.A: That's all right. I wanted to invite you for a film together.(3) I'm afraid not. I'll be travelling back from Suzhou. A: Will you be able to come to my birthday party on Sunday night?B: I'm afraid not. I'll be travelling back from Suzhou. ButI send my best wishes to you now.(4) Let me explain.A: Why do we import so many staples from that country at one time?B: Let me explain. You see, the prices here are rising all the time, but the company in that country has given us very reasonable prices.(5) What I meant to say was....A: Have I made myself clear?B: Yes, except one point. You've just mentioned that a few major changes may be necessary to the project. Do you mean that our process is not practicable?A: No, I'm sorry. I'm afraid I didn't make that point clear. What I meant to say was that we should try to think out how to economize on time and effort, perhaps cut out or combine some of the steps.B: I see. (1)因为教室没开门A：你们为什么在教室外面等着?B：因为门没开，我们没人有钥匙。
七年级英语单元功能意念
一级分类二级分类介绍(Introduction)My name'sGina.序号功能语句分类Hi! Hello!1社会交往(social communications)句子内容问候(Greetings)6存在(Existence)7特征(Features)计量(Measurement)82态度(Attitudes)空间(Space)5情感(Emotions)34时间(Time)(Measurement)比较(Comparison)逻辑关系(Logicalrelations)109属性说明句子的用法(必填)句子翻译句子对应音频文件语调标注问句/答句/一般陈述(可多选)相对应的问句或答句(与前一项关联，前项为问句或答句，才有此项内容)相同表意功能下近义句型的辨析(选填)典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等2、5、8级(必填)听力或书面训练题(至少1题，必填，包括题目、答案和解析，听力包括听力录音)此句具有的其他功能链接(选填)句子的用法(必填)句子翻译句子对应音频文件语调标注问句/答句/一般陈述(可多选)相对应的问句或答句(与前一项关联，前项为问句或答句，才有此项内容)相同表意功能下近义句型的辨析(选填)典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等典型应用场景通常在什么场景下应用？(必填)说话人通常这句话由谁说出来，如营业员、顾客、介绍人、被介绍人等场景应用1课标级别其他表意功能训练场景应用2语调分析会话范例句子类型属性项表意功能译文读音在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)对应语句近似句型会话范例在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)属性表意功能译文在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)近似句型场景应用1会话范例场景应用2会话范例读音语调分析句子类型对应语句2、5、8级(必填)听力或书面训练题(至少1题，必填，包括题目、答案和解析，听力包括听力录音)此句具有的其他功能链接(选填)其他表意功能在某一场景下应用的对话(与上面场景对应，至少1段，必填，内容包括对话文字内容、译文、朗读的音频)2会话范例课标级别训练A: Hi, Sarah!嗨，萨拉！（音频）A: Hi ↘, 'Sarah ↗!B: Hi, Mike!嗨，迈克！（音频）B: Hi ↗, 'Mike ↘!A: Hello, I'm Baobao!你好，我叫宝宝！（音频）A: Hello ↗, I'm 'Baobao B: Hi, I'm Feifei!嗨，我叫菲菲！（音频）B: Hi ↗, I'm 'Feifei ↘!填空：A: Hi! Lily!B: _____! Lucy!（音频）Hello 根据录音，答案为Hello 。
功能意念表
3．态度
（1）意愿 I'm willing/ready to take the job. I will buy a new pair of glasses.
（3）确认理解③ Got it? Do you see what I mean?
（4）犹豫③ Let me see. How can I put it?
（5）更正③ What I meant was that we should go on with the work.
（6）补充③ In addition, I think we should take the cost into allo/Hi. Good morning/afternoon/evening, etc.
（2）告辞 I'm afraid I must be going now. I think it's time for us to leave now. I've really got to go now. It's time I went home.
（3）预测 It will be fine tomorrow.
（4）猜测和相信 I guess that he has got it. He must have read it before. We all believe that you are right.
（5）看似、好象③ He seems to be ignorant about it. She appears to be unwilling to go. It looks as if he knew a lot about it.
高中英语功能意念项目表
高中英语功能意念项目表说明：标﹡号的项目为八级要求1. 社会交往(Social Communications)（1）问候(Greetings)A. 1. Hi! 2. Hello! 3. Good morning/afternoon/evening. 4. How are you? 5. How are you doing?6. Please say hello to your parents.7. Please give my love /best wishes to Lucy.B. 1. Hi! 2. Hello! 3. Good morning/afternoon/evening. 4. I'm OK. 5.Fine, thanks,and you?6. Very well, thank you.7. ﹡Just so so.8. Sure.9.All right.（2）介绍(Introduction)A. 1. My name is Jim. 2. I'm a student. 3. I'm from England. 4. This is Mr. /Mrs./Miss/Ms Brown.5. I'd like you to meet Bob.6. ﹡May I introduce Professor Jeff Brown?B. 1. Hello! 2. How do you do? 3. Nice/ Glad/ Pleased to meet (see) you.（3）告别(Farewells )A. 1. Good-bye/ Bye / Bye-bye. 2. Good night. 3. See you later/ then /tomorrow / soon.4. I'm sorry I have to go now.5. ﹡I am afraid I must be leaving now.B. 1. Good-bye / Bye / Bye-bye. 2. See you. 3. Good night. 4. See you later/then/tomorrow/soon. （4）感谢(Thanks )A. 1. Thank you (very much). 2. Thanks a lot. 3. Thank you for your help. 4. It's very kind / nice of you.5. ﹡I appreciate your help.B. 1.It's a pleasure. 2. My pleasure. 3. That's OK/ all right. 4. You're welcome. 5.﹡Don't mention it. （5）道歉(Apologies)A. 1.Sorry. 2. I'm sorry. 3. Excuse me. Please. 4. I beg your pardon.5. I'm sorry for losing your book.6. I'm sorry to interrupt you.7. I'm sorry (that) I'm late.B. 1. That's OK. 2. It's all right. 3. Never mind. 4. It doesn't matter. 5. It's nothing. 6. ﹡Forget it. （6）邀请(Invitation) ①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨A. 1.Would you like to go for a walk? 2. You must come to dinner with us. 3.May I invite your to dinner?4. What/ How about having a swim?B. 1. OK. 2. 肯定①Thank you. ②I'd like that,thanks. ③Yes,I'd love to. ④That would be very nice.3. 否定①No, thank you. ②It's very nice of you, but my mother is ill.③I'd love to, but I'm afraid I have no time. ④I'm sorry I can't. What about another time ?（7）请求允许(Asking for permission )A. 1. May I come in? 2. Can/ Could I use your telephone? 3. Is it all right if I sit here ?4. I wonder if I could smoke here.5. Would/ Do you mind if I open the window ?B. 1.肯定①Yes, please. ②Sure. ③Certainly. ④Please do. ⑤That's all right. ⑥Of course, you can.⑦Go ahead, please. 2. 否定①I'm sorry, it's not allowed. ②I'm afraid not. ③You 'd better not.④It's not allowed. ⑤I'm sorry, but you can smoke in the next room.（8）祝愿和祝贺(Expressing wishes and congratulations)A. 1.Have a good day/time! 2. Have a good journey /trip! 3. Good luck! 4. Enjoy yourself!5. Best wishes to you.6. Happy New Year!7. Merry Christmas !8. Wish you all the success!9. Congratulations ! 10. Well done!B. 1.Thank you. 2. You, too. 3. The same to you.（9）提供帮助(Offering help)A. 1. Do you want me to clean the room? 2. Can I help you? 3. Would you like me to help you?4. What can I do for you?5. Let me take your bags.B. 1. 肯定①Yes, please. ②Yes, thanks. ③ Thank you. That would be nice/ fine.④Thank you for your help. 2. 否定①No, thanks /thank you. ②Thank you all the same.③That's very kind of you, but I can manage it my self.（10）接受或拒绝（acceptance and refusal）（11）约会(Making appointments )A. 1. Will you be free tomorrow ? 2. Do you have time this afternoon? 3. How about tomorrow morning?4. When/ where shall we meet?5. Could we meet at 4:30 ?6. Let's make it 4:30？7. What time is convenient for you ? 8. I'd like to make an appointment with Mr. Jones.B. 1.肯定①Yes, I'll be free then. ②All right. See you then.2. 否定①I'm afraid I have no time then. ②Sorry, I won't be free then. But I'll be free tomorrow. （12）打电话(Making telephone calls )A.1. Hello! May I speak to Tom? 2. Hello! I'd like to speak to Mr. Green. 3. Is that Liu Ying speaking?4. Extension six two two six, please.5. Can I leave a message ?6. I'll call back later /again.7. I'll ring him /her up again.B. 1.Hello! This is Mary speaking. 2. Hello, who is this? 3. Hold the line, please. 4. Just a moment, please.5. Hello, who's speaking?6. Sorry. He/ She isn't here right now.7. Can I take a message?8. Sorry. I can't hear you. 9. The line is bad/ busy. 10. I couldn't get through.11. Sorry, I'm afraid you have the wrong number.（13）就餐(Having meals)A.1. Would you like something to eat /drink? 2. What would you like ( to have)?3. Would you like some more fish?4. Help yourself to some fish.5. Which do you prefer, rice or noodles?6. What would you like to drink, tea or coffee?B. 1. 肯定①Yes, I'd like a drink. ②I'd like rice and chicken. ③ Just a little, please. ④Can I have some more soup? ⑤It's so delicious. Thank you. ⑥ I prefer noodles to rice. ⑦ I like green tea. 2. 否定①No, thank you. I've had enough. ② I'm full, thank you. ③It's very delicious, but I can't eat any more.; （14）就医(Seeing the doctor)A.1. What's the matter？2. What seems to be the trouble? 3. Do you have a fever?4. How long have you felt like this?5. It's nothing serious.6. Take this medicine three times a day.7. You'll be all right /well soon. 8. Give up smoking and keep on taking more exercises.B. 1. I have a headache / cough / fever. 2. I feel terrible / bad / horrible awful. 3. I don't feel well.4.I've got a pain here.5. It hurts here.6. I don't feel like eating.7. I can't sleep well.（15）购物(Shopping)A. 1. Can / May I help you? 2. What can I do for you? 3. How many /much would you like?4. What colour /size/ kind would you like ?5. What about this one?6. Here's your change.B. 1. I want / I'd like a pair of shoes. 2. How much is it / are they? 3. May I try it on ? 4. It's toobig/small. 5. Sorry, it's too expensive. 6. Do you have any other colors / sizes / kinds？7. Two and a half kilos / pounds, please. 8. That's fine. I'll take it. 9. Just have a look. 10. Well, I'll think about it. （16）问路(Asking the way)A.1. Excuse me. Where's the washroom? 2. Can you tell me how to get to the post office? 3. Excuse me. Which bus goes to World Park? 4. Excuse me. Which is the way to the Bank of China? 5. Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the station, please ? 6. How can I get to No. 4 Middle School?B. 1肯定①It's over there. ② It's about 400 metres from here. ③ Go down this street until you see thetall red building. ④ Turn right / left at the first /second crossing/ corner. ⑤ you can't miss it.⑥ You can take bus No. 103. ⑦ You'd better take a taxi. 2.否定Sorry. I don't know. I'm a stranger here. （17）谈论天气(Talking about weather)A. 1.What's the weather like today? 2. How's the weather in Beijing? 3. What a cold / hot day today?4. It's a nice / fine/ beautiful / horrible day today.B. 1. It's sunny / cloudy /windy / rainy / snowy / foggy. 2. It's getting cool / cold / warm / hot.（18）语言交际困难(Language difficulties in communication)1. Pardon?2. I beg your pardon?3. I don't understand.4. Sorry, I can't follow you.5. ﹡Couldyou say that again, please? 6.﹡Could you repeat that, please? 6. Can you speak more slowly, please?7. ﹡What do you mean by killing time? 8. How do you say... in English? 9. I don't know how tosay that in English? 10. I don't know the world in English? 11. How do you spell it, please?12. I'm sorry I only know a little English.（19）提醒注意(Reminding)1. Don't forget your raincoat.2. Remember to lock the door.3. ﹡Make sure that all the windows are closed.4. Mind your head / step!5. No smoking!6. No spitting!7. Wet floor!8. Look out!9. Be careful! 10. Don't touch! 11.It's dangerous!（20）警告和禁止（Warning and prohibition）（21）劝告(Advice)1. You'd better go to see the doctor.2. You should listen to and read English everyday.3. You need to buya Chinese-English dictionary. 4. I f I were you, I'd phone him now. 5. Don't rush / hurry / push.6. Please stand in line.（22）建议(Suggestions)1. Let's go and have a look.2. Should we go now ?3. What / How about a picnic this Sunday?4. Why don't you buy a computer?5. Why not go to a movie ?2. 态度(Attitudes)（23）同意和不同意(Agreement and disagreement)A. 1. Sure. 2. Certainly. 3. Exactly. 4. That's correct. 5. Of course. 6. All right. 7. I agree.8.No problem. 9. That's a good idea. 10. Yes, I think so. 11. No way.B. 1. Of course not. 2. I don't agree. 3. I don't think so. 4. I'm afraid not.（24）喜欢和不喜欢(Likes and dislikes)A. 1. This book is very interesting. 2. I like / love the movie (very much ). 3. I like / love to playcomputer games. 4. I like taking photos. 5. I enjoy listening to music. 6. I'm interested in science.7. He is fond of music.B. 1. This song is bad / awful. 2. I don't like the movie very much / at all. 3. I don't enjoy collecting stamps.4. I hate to do homework.（25）肯定和不肯定(Certainty and uncertainty)A. 1. I'm sure. 2. I'm sure of that. 3. I 'm (quite) sure (that) she'll join us. 4. ﹡There is no doubt that it'smade of silk. 5.﹡It's clear that it will rain soon.B. 1. I'm not so sure. 2. I'm not sure of that. 3. I'm not sure whether / if she can come.C. 1. Maybe you're right. 2. Perhaps she is at home now. 3. It's hard to say.（26）可能和不可能(Possibility and impossibility)A. 1. He can / may come today. 2. It may snow tonight. 3. It's possible to finish the homework before6 o'clock. 4. It's likely to rain this afternoon. 5. It's likely that you will lose this game.B. 1. He may not come so early. 2. He can't be in the office now. 3. It's not likely to snow soon.4. It's impossible to finish my homework within one hour.（27）能够和不能够(Ability and inability)A. 1. He can ride a bike. 2. He's able to pass the math exam. 3. He is good at football.B. 1.He can't swim. 2. He's unable to walk any more. 3. She 's not good at swimming.（28）偏爱和优先选择(Preference)1. I prefer tea.2. Which do you prefer, tea or coffee?3.﹡I prefer tea to coffee.4. I'd prefer to go by train.5. I like English better / the best.6. My favourite subject is physics.7. ﹡I'd rather drink coffee than tea.8. ﹡Where would you rather go, London or Tokyo ?（29）意愿和打算(Intentions and plans)A. 1. I'll go with you. 2. I'm going to see my head teacher this afternoon. 3. I'd like to make a phone call toher after class. 4. I want / hope to find an English pen-friend. 5. I plan to go to Hangzhou this summer.6. We are ready to move to a new house.7. Bill intends to spend his vocation in California.8. I am thinking of driving to Beijing.B. 1. I won't see the movie again. 2. I'm not going to buy the book. 3. I don't want to live in the big city. （30）希望和愿望(Hope and wish)1. I wish to see you again.2. I hope to become a doctor.3. I hope it stays fine.4. I wish I were younger.5. I hope so.6. I hope not.（31）表扬和鼓励(Praise and encouragement)A. 1. Very good! 2. Well done! 3. Wonderful ! 4. Excellent! 5. You speak English very well.6. Your dress is beautiful!7. Come on!8. Keep trying!9. You can do it!B. 1. Thank you. 2. OK. I'll try it again.（32）责备和抱怨(Blame and complaint)1. He is to blame.2. She blamed him for coming home late.3. What do you mean by doing so?4. How could you cheat your teacher?5. He shouldn't have done it.6. Why didn't you tell me the truth?7. Why didn't you tell me the truth? 8. I'm sorry to have said that, but this room is too dirty.9. I hate to have to say this, but it's too noisy here. 8. Why don't you do something about it?（33）冷淡(Indifference)1. I don't care.2. I don't care what you do.3. It doesn't matte to me.4. I don't mind if you smoke.5. It's non of my business.（34）判断与评价（judgement and evaluation）A.3. 情感(Emotions)①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨（35）高兴(Happiness)1. How wonderful / nice!2. That's lovely / great / wonderful!3. I'm so happy.4. It's well done.5. I'm pleased to know that.（36）惊奇(Surprise)1. Really?2. Oh dear!3. Is that so?4. What a surprise!5. How nice to see you!6. How surprising!7. I'm surprised.8. It surprises me that your English is so beautiful.9. Does that surprise you? 10. Is this what you expected?（37）忧虑(Worries)1. What's wrong?2. What's the matter?3. Anything wrong?4. What should we do?5. Is something worrying you?6. Are you worried about your health?（38）安慰(Reassurance)1. There, there.2. Don't be afraid.3. Don't worry.4. It's (quite) all right.5. It'll be OK/ all right.（39）满意(Satisfaction)1. Good!2.Well done!3. Perfect!4. That's fine.5. That's better.6. That's good enough.7. I'm pleased with your spoken English.（40）遗憾(Regret)1. I'm so sorry!2. It's a great pity!3. What a shame!4. That's too bad!5. I wish I had never given it up.6. If I had been there, he would not have made such a serious mistake. （41）同情(Sympathy)1. I'm so sorry!2. I'm so sorry about your illness.3. I'm sorry to hear you are going away.4. Please accept my deep sympathy.（42）恐惧(Fear)1. Help!2. How terrible!3. I'm afraid of that dog.4. I'm frightened.5. You scared me!6. I dare not go out at night.（43）愤怒(Anger)1. Damn!2. Isn't it annoying!3. What a stupid idiot!4. 时间(Time)（44）时刻(Point of time)A. 1. Excuse me. What's the time, please? 2. Excuse me. What time is it? 3. Have you got the time?4. When did you come to China?5. What time do you get up every day?B. 1. It's half past five / twenty to nine. 2. I came to China in 1998. 3. I get up at 6 o'clock.（45）时段(Duration)A. 1. How long have you been in this school ? 2. How long does it take you to get to school?3. When did you live in Beijing?4. How long have you been ill?B. 1. I have been in this school for three years. 2. It takes me twenty minutes by bike.3. I lived in Beijing from 1996 to 1999.4. I have been ill since last Monday night.（46）频度(Frequency)A. How often do you go to movies?B. 1. I go to the movie once a week. 2. I often go to movies.（47）时序(Sequence)1. The cat ran here and there, first on this side, then on that side.2. What did you do next?3. Finally we found our way out.4. It rained even harder later on.5. 空间(Space)（48）位置(Position)A. Where is the picture?B. 1. It's on / at / above / in / under/ beside / near / behind the table. 2. He sits at the back of the room.3. The lab is in the center of the school.（49）方向(Direction)A. 1. Which is the way to the station ? 2. Where is the train / bus going? 3. Where are you going?4. Are you going up / down ?B. 1. Go down this street, and turn left / right at the first crossing. 2. The train is going go Xi'an.3. The train is going to the east / west / south / north.4. I'm going tko the railway station.5. I'm leaving for Shanghai.（50）距离(Distance)A. How far is your school from here ?B. 1. It's about 40 minutes by bike. 2. It's about 6 kilometers / miles away.6. 存在(Existence)（51）存在(Existence )A. 1. Is there a bird in the tree ? 2. Are there any apples in the tree ? 3. What's in the tree?B. 1. Yes, there is/ are. 2. There's a bird in the tree. 3. There are many / a lot of birds in the tree.(51') 不存在(non-existence)A. 1. Is there an English book in the schoolbag? 2. Are there any English books in the schoolbag?3. Isn't there any water in the bottle?4. Does water exist on the moon?B. 1. No, there isn't / aren't (any). 2. There isn't an English book in the schoolbag.3. There aren't any English books in the schoolbag.4. No, there's no water in the bottle.5. There's no more paper in the printer.6. No water exists on the moon.7. 特征(Features)（52）形状(Shape)A. 1. What does it look like? 2. What's the shape of the clouds?B. 1. It looks like a camel. 2. It's round / long / tall/ short. 3. It's a circle. 4. It's a U-shaped road. （53）颜色(Colour)A. What colour is the bag?B. 1.It's green / red / blue / yellow / black / white / orange / purple / light brown/ dark blue.2. I like the photo in black and white.（54）材料(Material)A. 1. What's the table made of? 2. What's the red wine made from?B. 1. It's made of wood. 2. It's made from grapes. 3. I bought a woollen sweater yesterday.（55）价格(Price)A. 1. How much is the dictionary? 2. How much is it? 3.How much are they? 4.Is it cheap/expensive?B. 1. The dictionary costs me 100 yuan. 2.The dictionary is expensive / cheap.（56）规格(Size)A. 1.What size is your sweater? 2. What size shoes do you wear?B. 1. The size of my sweater is XXL. 2. It's too big / small / long / short for me.（57）年龄(Age)A. 1. How old are you? 2. How old is he / she?B. 1. I'm eighteen. 2. He / She is six years old. 3. Uncle Wang is an old man.8. 计量(Measurement)（58）长度(Length)A. How long is the bridge?B. It's 430 metres / feet long.（59）宽度(Width)A. How wide is the river ?B. It's about 200 metres wide.（60）高度(Height)A. How tall / high is the building?B. 1. It's 130 metres tall / high. 2. The building has 85 floors / stories.（61）数量(Number)A. 1. How many students are there in your class? 2. How much water do you drink every day?B. 1. There are forty students in our class. 2. I drink five glasses of water every day.9. 比较(Comparison)（62）同级比较(Equal comparison)1. My ruler is as long as yours.2. I can run as fast as you can.3. This book is not as interesting as that one.4. I can't run so fast as you can.（63）差别比较(Comparative and superlative)1.Lily is younger than Kate.2. The red skirt is more expensive than the yellow one.3.I run faster than Jim.4. Mrs. Baker walks more slowly than Mr. Baker.5.Jim is the tallest in his class.6. Tom is the best of all. （64）相似和差别(Similarity and difference)1.This picture is the same as that one on the wall.2. Lucy is like her mother.3. Tom looks like his father.4. My picture is different from yours.5. There are five differences between the two pictures.10. 逻辑关系(Logical relations)（65）原因和结果(Cause and effect )A. 1. Why are you late for school? 2.How could you miss the train / plane?B. 1. Because I got up late this morning. 2. As he was ill, he couldn't come to school. 3.Since she did not feel well, she stayed at home. 4. Because of the bad traffic, we missed the train. 5. Due to the heavy fog, the planes were delayed. 6. The reason is that he is not careful enough in his work. 7. He ate too much, so he did not feel well. 8. It is so dark that I can not see anything in the room.（66）目的(Purpose)A. 1. Why are you here today? 2. Why did you do that?B. 1. I came here to see you off. 2. I did that in order to protect the trees.11. 职业(Occupation)（67）工作(Job)A. 1.What do you do? 2. What's your job? 3. What are you going to be?B. 1. I'm a teacher / doctor / worker / farmer/ businessman / manager.2. I'm going to be a scientist / computer engineer.（68）单位(Employer)A. 1. Where do you work? 2. What company are you working for?B. 1. I'm teaching English in a high school. 2. I'm working for a computer company.。
英语语言学语言的七大功能
在语言学中，语言具有多种功能和用途。
以下是英语语言学中通常讨论的七大功能：
表达功能（Expressive Function）：语言用于表达个人的情感、意愿、态度和思想。
通过语言，我们可以分享和表达自己的情绪、观点和感受。
交际功能（Communicative Function）：语言是交流和交际的工具，用于建立人与人之间的联系和互动。
通过语言，我们可以进行对话、交流信息、分享知识和与他人沟通。
信息功能（Informative Function）：语言用于传递信息、知识和事实。
通过语言，我们可以描述和解释事物，提供信息和传达观点。
调节功能（Regulatory Function）：语言用于调节和控制社会行为和互动。
它可以用于命令、请求、建议、警告等，以影响他人的行为和决策。
表演功能（Performative Function）：语言用于执行特定的行为或动作。
例如，宣布婚姻誓言、宣布战争、宣布判决等，这些语言行为本身具有重要的实际影响。
虚构功能（Imaginative Function）：语言用于创造和表达想象力、幻想和虚构的内容。
通过语言，我们可以讲述故事、创造小说、诗歌和戏剧，以及构建虚构的世界和角色。
个体认同功能（Personal Identity Function）：语言用于建立和表达个人或群体的身份认同。
通过语言，我们可以表达自己所属的社会群体、文化背景、价值观和身份认同。
这些功能相互交织，不同的语言使用情境和社会文化背景下，某些功能可能更为突出。
了解语言的不同功能可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用语言，并深入探索语言在社会和个体生活中的重要作用。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
功能意念日常用语：1．问候Good morning. 早上好。
Good afternoon. 下午好。
Good evening. 晚上好。
Hello./ Hi.你好。
How are you?你好吗？How are you doing? 你过得好吗？How are you getting on? 你过得好吗？How are things with you? 你近来过得怎么样？How is everything going? 一切都好吗？如：①Hello, Jack. Haven’t seen you for a long time/ages! How’s everything going?你好，杰克。
好久没见你了。
你一切都好吗？②Oh, hello, Mr. Wang. I’m so glad to see you. How’re you doing?喂，你好，王先生。
见到你很高兴。
你还好吗？③Hi, John! Nice to meet you here. How are you getting on?你好，约翰！在这儿见到你真高兴，你一切都好吗？④----Hi, Tom!嗨，汤姆！----Hi, Green.嗨，格林！----How are you doing?你好吗？----Fine, and you?很好，你呢？----Great. What is happening with you these days?也很好。
你最近有什么事情发生吗？-----Nothing much.没什么。
◆第二者向第三者表达问候：Please give my regards to sb.请代我向某人问好。
Please give my best wishes to sb. 请代我向某人问好。
Please give my love to sb. 请代我向某人问好。
Say hello to sb.向某人问好。
Please remember me to sb. 请代我向某人问好。
Best wishes to sb. 问候某人Best regards to sb.问候某人如：①Please give my regards to your family.请代我向你的全家问好。
②Remember me to your teacher.代我向你的老师问好。
③----Well, it is getting late. I must be off now. Nice to meet you.天晚了，我现在必须得走了，见到了你真高兴。
----Nice meeting you. Please give my love to your parents.见到了你我也高兴，请代我向你的父母问好。
----Of course, thank you very much.非常感谢，我一定会替你向他们问好的。
◆第二者代第一者向第三者转达问候：sb. send sb.’s regards to you.某人向你问好。
sb. send sb.’s best wishes to you.某人向你问好。
sb. send sb.’s love to you.某人向你问好。
如：Mr. Green sends his best wishes to you.格林先生向你问好。
⒉介绍◆介绍别人：This is …这是…May I introduce you to …? 我可以把你介绍给…吗？Please allow me to introduce you to …. 请允许我把你介绍给…I’ d like you to meet my friend, …. 我想请你见一见我的朋友…如：Smith: Good evening, Mr. Wang.晚上好，王先生。
Wang: Good evening, Mr. Smith.晚上好，史密斯先生。
Smith: Have you met my wife, Mary?你见过我的妻子玛丽了吗？Wang: No, I haven’t had the pleasure.没见过，我还没有过这种荣幸。
Smith: Mary, this is Mr. Wang, my new Chinese friend.玛丽，这是我的新中国朋友。
Mary: How do you do, Mr. Wang?你好，王先生。
Wang: How do you do?你好。
◆自我介绍：May I introduce myself? I’m…我作一下自我介绍好吗？我是…How do you do? My name is …你好，我是…Hi, my name is …你好，我的名字是…I’m…Happy to know you. 我是…，很高兴认识你。
如：----I am Tom. May I know your name?我是汤姆，我可以知道你的名字吗？----I am Green. Happy to know you.我是格林，很高兴认识你。
----Me, too.我也很高兴。
---Are you Chinese?你是中国人吗？---No, I am Japanese.不，我是日本人。
◆被介绍者之间的常用语：①----How do you do?你好。
----How do you do?你好。
②----(I’m )glad to meet you.见到你很高兴。
----(I’m) glad to meet you, too.见到你，我也很高兴。
③----( I’m ) delighted to know you, ……，见到你我很高兴。
-----( I’m ) equally delighted to meet you.见到你，我也很高兴。
④----It’s nice to meet you.见到你很高兴。
----Same here.我见到你也很高兴。
如：----Hello, Jack. How are you?你好，杰克，你好吗？----Fine, thank you. I’d like you to meet Jim. He’s a friend of mine. 很好，谢谢。
我想请你见见吉姆，他是我的一个朋友。
----Nice to meet you, Jim.见到你很高兴，吉姆。
----Same here.我见到你也很高兴。
⒊告别I’m afraid I must be leaving now.我恐怕得告辞了。
I must be off now.我必须得走了。
It’s time I met/did…I have to go now.是我会见/做…的时候了。
我现在得走了。
I think it’s time for us to leave now.我想现在是我们告辞的时候了。
It was nice meeting you.遇见你真是太好了。
Nice to have met you.遇见你太好了。
Goodbye/Bye-bye/Bye!再见。
See you later.回头见。
See you tomorrow.明天见。
See you.再见。
Good night.晚安。
（用于晚上分别时）如：①----Sorry, I’ll have to be going. It’s getting very late. Good night. 对不起，我不得不走了，天很晚了，晚安。
----Good night.晚安。
②----Oh, it is 11 o’clock. I am afraid I must be leaving now.十一点了，恐怕我得走了。
----Thank you for your coming to see me.谢谢你来看我。
----It is my pleasure.不用谢。
⒋感谢和应答：Thank you.谢谢。
Thank you very much.非常感谢。
Thanks a lot.十分感谢。
Many thanks.非常感谢。
Thanks for…（由于）…非常感谢。
It’s very kind of you to ….你真好，…I really don’t know how I can thank you enough.我真不知道怎样感谢你才好。
It’s most thoughtful of you.你想得真周到。
I’m indebted to you.我真是感激不尽。
Thanks for your help. I really appreciate it.非常感谢你的帮助。
Thank you for a wonderful meal.谢谢你的美餐。
Thank you for a most enjoyable evening.今晚过得真愉快，谢谢你。
Glad you enjoyed it. Thank you for coming.你吃得满意，我很高兴，谢谢你的光临。
Forget it.不用谢。
Not at all.不用谢。
It’s all right.不用谢。
That’s all right.不用谢。
You are welcome.不用谢。
Don’t mention it.不用谢。
It’s my pleasure.不用谢。
如：①----Excuse me. Which is the way to the Centre hospital?对不起，请问去中心医院的路怎么走？----Go down this street until you reach the first traffic lights. Turn left. At the end of the road you’ll see the hospital.沿着这条街走直到第一个交通灯，向左拐，走到路的尽头，你就会看到医院。
----It is very kind of you to tell me that.你告诉我路，你真好，谢谢。
----You are welcome.不用谢。
②----I really like the record you lent me the other day.你前些日子借给我的唱片我很喜欢。
----I’m glad you like it.我很高兴你喜欢它。
----And thank you very much for letting me keep it so long.谢谢你让我借了这么长时间。
----Not at all.不用谢。
⒌祝贺、祝愿和应答Good luck ( to you)!祝你好运！Good luck with sth！祝某事顺利！All the best! 万事如意！All the best in your new job!祝你在新的工作岗位上一切顺利！Best wishes to you！祝福你！I wish you good luck！祝你好运！I wish you success！祝你成功！Good journey ( to you )！（祝你）一路顺风！Have a good trip!祝你旅途愉快/ 一路平安！Have a nice /good time!祝你过得愉快！Congratulations!祝贺你！Happy birthday to you!祝你生日快乐！I’d like to congratulate you on…祝贺你…Happy New Year!新年快乐！Merry Christmas!圣诞快乐！◆祝贺、祝愿答语：Thank you. The same to you.谢谢，同样祝你快乐。