examination-of-medical-physiology-for-10th-imspq-知识讲解
METS第二级模拟试卷_医护英语水平考试
机密☆启用前METS第二级模拟试卷医护英语水平考试(护理类)第二级Medical English Test System (METS) （For Nurses）Level 2姓名__________ 准考证号______________________时间120分钟考生注意事项1、严格遵守考场规则，考生得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
2、答题前考生须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在试卷和答题卡上。
3、答客观题时，一律用2B铅笔，按照答题卡上的要求填涂。
如要改动答案，必须用橡皮擦干净。
4、答翻译与写作题时，必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡上答题。
5、注意字迹清楚，保持卷面整洁。
6、考试结束时将试卷和答题卡放在桌上，不得带走。
待监考人员收毕清点后，方可离场。
================================================================= =====未经批准，本试卷任何单位或个人不得保留、复制和出版，违者必究。
医护英语水平考试办公室Section I Listening Comprehension（Time—20 minutes）Directions:If you have any questions, you may raise your hand NOW as you will not be allowed to speak once the test has started.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part AYou will hear 10 short dialogues. For each dialogue, there is one question and THREE possible answers. Choose the correct answer – [A], [B], or [C], and mark it in your test booklet. You will have 10 seconds to answer the question and you will hear each dialogue ONLY ONCE.Now look at Question 1.1. How is the man’s left leg?[A] Still very painful.[B] Not painful at all.[C] Much better than before.2. The man’s blood pressure is_______.[A] 117/110mmHg[B] 170/110mmHg[C] 170/100mmHg3. When will the man have to get injections?[A]About 30 to 45 minutes before the surgery.[B]About 30 to 45 minutes after the surgery.[C]By 7:30.4. Where did the conversation happen?[A] At the Operation Room.[B] At the In-patient Department.[C] At the out-patient Department.5. The conversation probably happened between__________.[A] The patient and the doctor.[B] The patient and the chemist[C] The nurse and doctor.6. The man’s brother_____________.[A]will stay with him.[B]can not stay with him.[C]can stay with him, but has to pay.7. What does the man worry about?[A] Whether he can stand up or not.[B] Whether there are a lot of effective medicines.[C] Whether there are good doctors and good nurses.8. What should the man do before he takes the medicine?[A] Shake the bottle.[B] Drink some water.[C] Take it three times a day.9. The man______________.[A]was knocked by a train.[B]has a pain in his ribs now.[C]crossed the road too quickly.10. What did the woman ask the man to do?[A] Come tomorrow morning at 9.[B] Make an appointment with the doctor[C] Don’t eat or drink anything after midnight.Part B:Questions 11-13 are based on the following dialogue.11. How long has the patient got a pain in the upper belly?[A] For about half a month.[B] For about a month[C] For one and half months12. This dialogue happened_________.[A] At the In-patient Department.[B] At the Operation Room.[C] In the Clinic Office13. What kind of disease has the patient got?[A] The patient has told the doctor it might be stomach bleeding.[B] The doctor has known the patient’s disease exactly.[C] The doctor has not exactly known the patient’s disease yet.Questions 14-16 are based on the following passage.14. How many cases of heart transplant operations are there in the U.S. every year?[A] More than 22,000.[B] More than 2,200.[C] More than 2,400.15. Where is a healthy heart obtained from?[A] From the people who live on selling his organs.[B]From the prisoners who are sentenced to death.[C] From a donor who is brain dead but on life-support.16. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about the operation?[A] A cut is made through the patient’s breast bone.[B] The patient is put into a deep sleep with general anesthesia.[C] The patient's blood is circulated through his own heart until the operation is finished.Questions 17-20 are based on the following passage.17. According to the passage, HIV can not be found __________.[A]semen[B]phlegm[C]breastmilk18. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?[A] HIV is transmitted through infected blood[B] HIV is transmitted from an infected mother to her baby.[C] HIV is transmitted through sexual intercourse only between a man and a woman.[A]the blood is from the Blood Center[B]the blood is tested for HIV before it is used to treat patients[C]people use unsterilised needles and syringes20. According to the passage, If you share toilet seats with your wife,you_____________.[A]will not get HIV[B]will get AIDS[C]will get HIV but not AIDSSectionⅡ Vocabulary and Structure（Time—10 minutes）Directions:21. If rapid_______ is desired, drugs should be taken on an empty stomach.[A]abuse [B]abdomen [C] abortion [D] absorption22. Examination of extremities revealed numerous _______ over the lower ones.[A]damages [B]wounds [C] bruises [D]destruction23. His death was sudden: he _______ on a fish bone.[A]choked [B]checked [C] prevented [D]protected[A]deficit [B]efficiency [C]deficiency [D] inefficiency25. Both chronic bronchitis and________ result in airways narrowing.[A]emphysema [B]encephalitis [C]enteritis [D]epistaxis26 Examination of the________ often gives the clue to the cause of diarrhea.[A]fetus [B]feces [C]urine [D]fibre27. The building_____ roof is red is the hospital[A]whose [B] which [C] of which [D]which of28. Caring for the patients_______ skills and patience.[A]require [B]requires [C]is required [ D] are required29. The wound must be kept clean so that_______ do not infect it.[A]genes [B]germs [C] veins [D] viruses30. Small hematomas may resorb, but they increase the________ of wound infection.[A]incision [B] incidence [C]accidence [D]indication31. _____ after an operation has been performed, the patient is moved to a recovery room.[A]Soon [B] Sooner [C] The soon [D]The sooner[A]of…from [B]of…to [C]about…from [D] to…from33. The neck contains vessels, nerves, and other structures connecting the head and the _______.[A]tray [B]truck [C] track [D] trunk34. No other issue has received more attention in recent years than_________.[A]unpractise [B]dispratice [C] malpractice [D]impractice35. _______ include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins.[A]Nutrients [B]Nutritional [C]Water [D]Food36. There may be sufficient inflammatory swelling to_______ the airway.[A]obstruct [B]abstract [C]distract [D] contract37. The patient needs__________.[A]examine [B]examining [C]to examine [D]be examined38. ______ means the science of function in living organisms, and study of this subject goes a long way toward explaining life itself.[A]Physiology [B]Pathology [C] Psychology [D]Pharmacology39. The heart_________ the rate at which the blood circulates.[A] recurs [B]recovers [C] responds [D]regulates40. The nurses’ work is_______ in the clinical diagnosis.[A] a great help [B] great helpful to[C]a great help to [D] a great helpful toSection ⅢCloze（Time—15 minutes）Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank from among the four choices [A], [B], [C], and [D], and mark it on Answer Sheet.Healthcare is one of the fastest growing professions throughout the world. As the population_41___, and healthcare costs_42____, the demand for nurses will continue to__43___. The health care delivery system is shifting, and nurses,__44____those with _45_____education, will be in demand for _46____some time._47____the rising costs of healthcare, physicians are spending _48____time with patients, and nurses are shifting into an ever expanding role of health educator, _49___providing more direct care to the patients.__ 56___salaries, bonuses, and job security are not the only benefits for nurses. Caring _ 57___others and making a difference __ 58____the lives of others everyday is a rewarding aspect to a career in nursing. It's something_ 59____ can be said_60____be missing in many careers. （167ws）[A] ages [B] aged [C] aging [D] has been aged[A] rose [B] rise [C]arise [D]raise[A] decrease [B]reduce [C] increase [D]meet[A] particular [B] peculiar [C] non-particular [D] particularly[A]ill [B] advanced [C] developed [D] highly[A]few [B]little [C]quite [D]a little[A]By [B]In [C]For [D]With[A]less [B]least [C]more [D]most[A]as well [B]as well as [C] and as good [D]and as well as[A]now [B]past [C] later [D]present[A]inspected [B]expecting [C]expected [D]inspecting[A]next [B]later [C]back [D]followed[A]aging [B]rising [C]healthcare [D]shortage[A]Patients [B]Schools [C]Hospitals [D]Physicians[A]in [B]at [C]of [D]for[A]Low [B]Cheap [C]Attractive [D]Expensive[A]of [B] for [C]by [D]after[A]at [B]in [C]of [D]from[A]that [B]which [C] in that [D]in which[A]of [B]to [C]from [D]aboutSection Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Time—30 minutes)Directions:Read the following 4 passages. Answer the questions on each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.Passage AThe reason you're there as a children's nurse is because children are not just mini adults: their bodies (and minds) work in different ways. The onset of symptoms can be sudden and extreme. Because children are still growing, the impact of the illness or injury on their development has to be taken into account. And because they are young, they may be more scared or confused by what is happening to them. That's why they need pediatric nurses who understand their particular needs.Children have parents and brothers and sisters who are all involved in different ways. Children's nurses work closely with patient's families as part of the caring process. One of the most striking features of pediatric nursing is how often you share your nursing skills with others: the child's parents or whoever would normally look after them at home. Your job is to give the child's carers the confidence and ability to carry on with their caring role, knowing when to stand back and when to take-over if necessary. It requires a special set of attitudes and open mindedness to people's different ways of relating to their children.61. Pediatric nurses________ .[A]are not just mini adults[B]work in different ways[C]understand children’s particular needs[D]are scared by what is happening to them62. In Para. 1, ‘‘onset’’ here means_______.[A]ending[B]falling[C]beginning[D]raising63. We can infer from the passage that pediatric nurses share their nursing skills with_________.[A] The child's brothers.[B] The child's sisters.[C] The grandmother.[D] The grandfather who always takes care of the child at home.64. What is the pediatric nurse’s role?[A] To require a special set of attitudes and open mindedness to people's different ways of relating to the children.[B] To give the child's carers the confidence and ability to carry on with their caring role[C] To know when to stand back and when to take-over if necessary.[D] To look after the children at home normally.65. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?[A] Children's nurses work closely with patient's families as part of the caring process.[B] The parents or carers often feel powerless, guilty, anxious, etc. when the child is ill.[C] Pediatric nurses play a key part in looking after the child at home.[D] Pediatric nurses are just children's nurses.Passage BConfusion is the inability to think with your usual speed or clarity. When confused, you have difficulty focusing your attention and may feel disoriented(不知所措的). Confusion interferes with your ability to make decisions.A good way to test to see if a person is confused is to ask the person his or her name, age, and the date. If they are unsure or answer incorrectly, they are confused.A confused person should not be left alone. To ensure a confused person's safety, physical restraints may be required in some situations. Try to keep the surroundings calm, quiet, and peaceful.When visiting a person whose confusion is from a chronic disease, you should always introduce yourself each time you see them, no matter how well he or she once knew you. Placing a calendar and clock near the person can help keep him or her oriented. When taking care of someone who is confused, frequently remind the person of his or her location. Talk to him or her about current events and plans for the day.For sudden confusion due to low blood sugar (for example, from diabetes medication), the person should drink a sweet drink or eat a sweet snack. If the confusion lasts longer than 10 minutes, call the doctor.(255ws)66. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about confusion?[A] Confusion interferes with your ability to make decisions.[B] Confusion is permanent and not curable.[C] Confusion often occurs during hospitalization.67. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE about a confused person?[A] A confused person has difficulty focusing his attention.[B] A confused person is often not sure of or answer incorrectly his or her name, age, and the date.[C] To ensure a confused person's safety, physical restraints should always be required.[D] We had better keep the surroundings of a confused person calm, quiet, and peaceful if we can.68. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the cause of confusion?[A] High blood sugar may cause sudden confusion.[B] A chronic disease may cause confusion.[C] Confusion may make you feel disoriented.[D] Confusion interferes with your ability to make decisions.69. When taking care of a confused person, we _______________.[A]remind the person of his or her location very often.[B]talk to him or her about past events[C]give him or her a sweet drink frequently[D]are ready to call the doctor.70. The passage mainly tells us _____________.[A]how the doctors cure confusion[C]the causes of confusion[D]the definition and home care of confusionPassage CWhy do we cry? Crying makes sense if smoke gets in your eyes or if you’re cutting onions. The tears protect your vision. But what good is emotional crying?Crying often seems to make people feel better when they are sad or upset. A scientist in St. Paul, Minnesota, is investigating the reason for this. Dr. William Frey studied the behavior of a group of people when they cried; 85 percent of the women and 73 percent of the men said they felt better after crying.Frey believes that emotional weeping helps to reduce suffering by ridding the body of harmful chemicals. Such chemicals, he believes, are produced during stress. The chemicals can raise blood pressure, harm digestion, and increase the heartbeat.To test his theory, Frey has been collecting sad tears, drop by drop. He pays men and women to watch sad movies and catch their own tears in a test tube. He has found that about 60 percent of the viewers will cry if the theater is dark and they aren’t crowded close together. During the movies, Frey also records signs of stress, such as fast heartbeat and high blood pressure, to see if crying reduces these. (199ws)71. Feeling better after crying seems related to __________.[A]cutting onions[B]sad movies[C]the body’s chemistry[D]difference between men and women72.According to Frey, crying can protect the body by __________.[A]easing stress[B]reducing blood pressure[C]getting rid of chemicals[D]all of the above73. If Frey’s theory is correct, tears from sadness and tears from cutting onions will show _____.[A]similarities[B]stress[C]differences[D]harmful chemicals74. Details in the passage suggest that Frey’s theory is __________.[A]true[B]false[C]not proven[D]unreasonable75. Which of the following is NOT true?[A]Chemicals produced during weeping cause high blood pressure.[B]Chemicals produced during weeping harm digestion.[C]Chemicals produced during weeping increase heart beat.[D]Chemicals produced during weeping harm eyes.Passage DFainting may occur while you are urinating, having a bowel movement (especially if straining), coughing very hard, or when you have been standing in one place too long. Fainting can also be related to fear, severe pain, or emotional distress.A sudden drop in blood pressure can cause you to faint. Your blood pressure may drop suddenly if you are bleeding or severely dehydrated. It can also happen if you stand up very suddenly from a lying position.Certain medications may lead to fainting by causing a drop in your blood pressure or for another reason. Common drugs that contribute to fainting include those used for anxiety, high blood pressure, nasal congestion, and allergies.Other reasons you may faint include hyperventilation, drug or alcohol use, and low blood sugar.76. What can cause fainting according to the passage?[A] Coughing a little.[B] Standing for a while.[C] Severe pain.[D] Most of medications.77. A sudden drop in blood pressure can cause you to faintbecause____________.[A]your blood pressure may drop suddenly[B]you are coughing very hard[C]you are bleeding[D]Not mentioned.78. Certain medications may lead to fainting because______________.[A] Not mentioned.[B] all the medications have side effects[C] the medications cause a drop in your blood pressure or for another reason.[D]the medications include those used for anxiety, high blood pressure, nasal congestion, and allergies.79. In Para. 4, ‘‘hyperventilation’’ means_____________.[A]ventilating too much [B]ventilating from inside to outside[C]ventilating too little [D] ventilating from outside to inside80. According to the passage, fainting caused by heart disease and stroke______________.[C]happens less likely in persons over age 65 and more likely in those younger than 40[D]happens less likely in persons younger than 40 and more likely in those over age 65Section ⅤTranslation(Time—15 minutes)Directions:In this part, there is a paragraph consisting of 4 sentences for you to translate into Chinese. You should write your response on ANSWER SHEET.81. Acupuncture is promoted as a treatment for pain--- and there is absolutely no question that it does in fact provide short-term benefit for many of the people who try it. By some estimates, between 50 and 70 percent of patients with chronic pain receive at least temporary relief when treated with acupuncture, and some experience long-term relief as well.The ‘‘puncture’’ in acupuncture refers to insertion of tiny needles at certain very specific points on the surface of the body. The treatments vary widely, depending on the individual practitioner and the style of acupuncture. Most practitioners of Oriental-style（东方流派）acupuncture perform at least a partial physical examination at the first visit. The also tend to take a very detailed medical history, including nutritional habits and environmental factors.(125ws)Section ⅥWriting(Time—30 minutes)Directions:2．根据下面的信息写出英文病历：同济医院住院部患者姓名：王坚病历号：1000出生日期：20xx年5月7号出生地点：湖北武汉性别：男入院日期：20xx年9月1号主诉：咳嗽，哮喘(wheezing)伴呼吸困难。
大学临床医学英语教材答案
大学临床医学英语教材答案Chapter 1: Introduction to Clinical MedicineSection 1: Basics of Clinical MedicineIntroduction:Clinical medicine is the branch of medical science that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases in individuals. This chapter provides an overview of the fundamental concepts and skills needed for a successful practice in clinical medicine.1.1 Medical History Taking:Medical history taking is a crucial part of patient assessment. It involves gathering information about the patient's symptoms, medical conditions, and previous treatments. By carefully listening and asking relevant questions, healthcare professionals can obtain essential details that aid in making an accurate diagnosis.1.2 Physical Examination:Physical examination complements the medical history and involves the systematic evaluation of the patient's body. Through techniques such as inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation, doctors can identify abnormalities and signs of disease. A thorough physical examination contributes to proper diagnosis and treatment planning.1.3 Diagnostic Tests:Diagnostic tests play a vital role in clinical medicine. These tests include laboratory investigations, imaging studies (such as X-rays and MRI scans), and other specialized examinations. They provide objective data, aiding in confirming or ruling out potential diagnoses.Chapter 2: Anatomy and PhysiologySection 2.1: Introduction to AnatomyIntroduction:Anatomy is the study of the structure of the human body. Understanding the human anatomy is fundamental for healthcare providers, as it forms the basis for comprehending the location and function of various body parts.2.1.1 Body Systems:The human body consists of various systems, including the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, digestive system, nervous system, and reproductive system. Each system has distinct organs and performs specific functions necessary for overall health and well-being.2.1.2 Anatomical Terminology:To accurately describe anatomical structures, standard anatomical terminology is used. This system ensures clarity and consistency across medical professionals. It includes directional terms, body planes, and body regions.Section 2.2: Introduction to PhysiologyIntroduction:Physiology is the study of how the human body functions at various levels, from cells to organs and systems. Understanding physiological processes is crucial for diagnosing and treating diseases effectively.2.2.1 Cell Physiology:Cells are the fundamental units of life. An understanding of cellular physiology is essential, as it provides insights into cellular functions such as metabolism, replication, and communication.2.2.2 Organ Physiology:Different organs and systems within the body work together to maintain homeostasis. By examining each organ's physiology, healthcare professionals can comprehend the normal functioning and identify abnormalities that may result in disease.Chapter 3: Medical TerminologySection 3.1: Introduction to Medical TerminologyIntroduction:Medical terminology is a specific language used in the field of medicine to describe anatomical structures, medical conditions, and treatments. A strong grasp of medical terminology enhances communication between healthcare professionals and promotes accurate recording of patient information.3.1.1 Word Roots, Prefixes, and Suffixes:Medical terms are composed of word roots, prefixes, and suffixes. Word roots represent the main meaning of the term, while prefixes and suffixesmodify or add additional meaning to the base word. Understanding these components allows for easier interpretation and memorization of medical terms.3.1.2 Common Medical Abbreviations:In addition to medical terminology, healthcare professionals often use abbreviations in their notes and prescriptions. Familiarity with common medical abbreviations is essential to ensure accurate and efficient documentation.Conclusion:This article provides a brief overview of the content covered in a typical clinical medicine English textbook for university students. From medical history taking to understanding anatomy and physiology, and acquiring medical terminology, each chapter equips students with the necessary knowledge and skills for a successful career in clinical medicine.。
2019医学考博英语作文范文
2019医学考博英语作文范文English: The medical doctoral entrance examination is a crucial step for those seeking to further their studies in the field of medicine. It is important to be well-prepared for this examination by reviewing the necessary knowledge and skills in various medical disciplines, such as anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and pathology. Additionally, it is essential to practice solving past exam papers, as well as develop good time management skills to ensure that all sections of the examination are completed within the allotted time. Furthermore, candidates should also focus on improving their English writing skills, as the exam typically requires a written component that assesses their ability to communicate effectively and coherently. By dedicating sufficient time and effort to preparation, candidates can increase their chances of success in the medical doctoral entrance examination.中文翻译: 医学博士入学考试是那些希望在医学领域深造的人所必经的重要一步。
医学英语文体的特点终结版
医学英语的文体特点1．句法特点1.1名词化所谓名词化，是指在其他文体里用动词、形容词较多，而在像医学英语这类科技英语中则常常把动词、形容词转化为名词或名词短语。
例如：the application of acupuncture to the treatmemt of these diseases 较之apply acupuncture to treat these diseases更多见于医学英语文献中。
名词化结构的常用形式包括：(1)名词十of十短语，如：the flow of blood from the heart to the infected area.这种形式多用于表示行为对象。
(2)用by引导的短语表示行为执行者，如：the intake of sufficient blood by the infecteted Area(3)保留原来动词或形容词的搭配关系，如：this association of radiation with benign and malignant thyroid diseases.（放射疗法与良性和恶性甲状腺疾病的这种联系）/The importance of irradiation as an etiologic factor in the development of human thyroid carcinoma is well documented．辐射作为一种致癌因素，在成人甲状腺癌产生中的重要作用已被充分证明。
总之，名词化结构是由名词化的词作中心词，加上不同的修饰语构成的短语，其形式不外乎以下几种：（1）前置十中心词transient obstruction 暂时阻塞/ intravaecular coagulation 血管内凝血/ preoperative cardiac cathererization 术前心导管梭查（2）中心词+后置production of the platelet plug 血小板栓的形成/ overview of platelet function 血小板功能概述/ release from platelets of several medicators 从血小板释放出来的几种介质（3）前置+中心词+后置the increased use of noninvasive cardiovascular technology 更多地应用非创伤性心血管诊断技术/lower concentration of megnesium in their heart muscle 较低的心肌镁的含量（4）of短语前移selection of material→material selection / removal of the needle→the needle removal(5)复杂的名词化结构名词化结构中的中心词或所修饰成分枝节旁生，叠加修饰，包括别的短语或从句，从而形成一个较长的名词化结构，如：a decision making process used for the development of a new therapy for which there is a human need 为研制人类所需要的一种新疗法而进行的决策过程/ the exponential rise in the quantity of medical literature being published in this rapidly developing filed在这个快速发展的领域中，医学文献出版数量呈指数的增长医学英语等科技文体因为大量使用名词化结构，使得原本要用一个句子所要表达的内容以短语的形式表现，从而使句子结构紧凑，表达简洁，例如:Although/because/ when/ after/ before/ while/the specimen /is/ was/ has been examined under the microscope这种带连词的分句，可分别简化为：in spite of/ because of/ on/ after/ before examination of the specimen under the microscope/ during examining the specimen under the microscope不仅如此，名词化的使用还可使文章更具严密性。
医学英语水平考试作文模板
医学英语水平考试作文模板Medical English Proficiency Exam Essay Template。
Introduction。
In recent years, the importance of medical English proficiency has become increasingly evident. As the global healthcare industry continues to expand and evolve, healthcare professionals must possess a high level of proficiency in medical English in order to effectively communicate with patients, colleagues, and peers across the world. Therefore, it is essential for healthcare professionals to demonstrate their proficiency in medical English through standardized exams. In this essay, we will discuss the key components of a medical English proficiency exam and provide a comprehensive overview of the skills and knowledge required to succeed in such an exam.Key Components of a Medical English Proficiency Exam。
A medical English proficiency exam typically assesses a candidate's ability to comprehend and communicate in English within a medical context. The exam may consist of multiple sections, each designed to evaluate different aspects of the candidate's language skills. These sections may include:1. Reading Comprehension: This section assesses the candidate's ability to understand and interpret medical texts, research papers, patient records, and other relevant documents written in English. Candidates may be required to answer questions based on the information presented in the texts.2. Listening Comprehension: In this section, candidates are tested on their ability to understand spoken English in a medical setting. They may listen to recordings of patient consultations, medical lectures, or discussions among healthcare professionals, and then answer questions to demonstrate their understanding of the content.3. Speaking: The speaking section evaluates the candidate's ability to communicate effectively in English. Candidates may be required to engage in role-plays, participate indiscussions, or present information on medical topics. This section assesses the candidate's pronunciation, fluency, and ability to convey information clearly and accurately.4. Writing: The writing section tests the candidate's ability to express themselves in written English. Candidates may be asked to write essays, reports, or case studies on medical topics, demonstrating their proficiency in grammar, vocabulary, and organization of ideas.Skills and Knowledge Required for Success。
医疗器械常用词汇中英文对照
序 号 Ser ial NO. 分类 编码 Class ifica tion Code 监管类 别 Superv ision & Admini strati on Level
名称 Name
1
6801
基础外科手术器械 basic surgical operation instruments 医用缝合针(不带线) medical suture needle (without thread)
69
Ⅰ类
70
Ⅰ类
71
Ⅱ类
72
Ⅰ类
73
Ⅱ类
74
Ⅰ类
75
681005 681006 681007.1 681007.2 681008.1 681008.2
Ⅰ类
矫形（骨科）外科用钩、针 orthopedic surgical hook & needle 矫形（骨科）外科用刮 orthopedic surgical scrape 矫形（骨科）外科用有源器械 orthopedic surgical instruments with power 矫形（骨科）外科用有源器械 orthopedic surgical instruments with power 矫形（骨科）外科用其它器械 other orthopedic surgical instruments 矫形（骨科）外科用其它器械 other orthopedic surgical instruments 妇产科用手术器械 obstetric and gynecologic surgical operation instruments 妇产科用刀 obstetric and gynecologic knife 妇产科用剪 obsteric and gynecologic scissors 妇产科用钳 obsteric and gynecologic forceps 妇产科用镊、夹 obsteric and gynecologic tweezer & clip 妇产科用钩、针 obsteric and gynecologic hook & needle 妇产科用其他器械 other obsteric and gynecologic instruments
医学专业英语考试
医学专业英语考试Medical English ExamMedical English is an essential aspect of the healthcare profession. It enables healthcare professionals to effectively communicate with patients, colleagues, and researchers from all over the world. To assess the proficiency of medical students and professionals in English, the Medical English Exam is conducted. This article will provide a comprehensive overview of the exam and the requirements for success.The Medical English Exam evaluates the English language skills of individuals in the medical field. It aims to assess their ability to understand and use medical terminology, communicate effectively with patients and colleagues, and comprehend medical literature. The exam consists of multiple-choice questions, listening and speaking tasks, and a writing component. It covers various medical topics such as anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, and medical ethics.One of the key aspects of the exam is the knowledge and usage of medical terminology. Medical professionals are required to have a strong command of medical terms to accurately diagnose and treat patients. The exam tests the candidates' ability to understand and correctly use medical terms in different contexts. It assesses their knowledge of prefixes, suffixes, and root words, which are the building blocks of medical terminology.Another important aspect of the exam is effective communication skills. Medical professionals must be able to communicate with patients, colleagues, and other healthcare professionals in a clear and concise manner. The exam evaluates candidates' ability to understand and respond to patient inquiries, convey medical instructions, and engage in medical discussions. It also assesses their proficiency in medical writing, including the ability to write medical reports and research papers.In addition to medical terminology and communication skills, the exam also focuses on the ability to comprehend and analyze medical literature. Medical professionals mustbe able to read and understand medical journals, research papers, and case studies to stay updated with the latest advancements in their field. The exam tests candidates' ability to comprehend and interpret medical literature, including understanding research methodology, data analysis, and the implications of the findings.To succeed in the Medical English Exam, candidates should focus on developing a strong foundation in medical terminology. They should study and memorize common medical terms, understand their meanings and applications, and practice using them in different contexts. Additionally, candidates should work on improving their communication skills, including listening, speaking, and writing. Engaging in conversations with native English speakers, participating in medical discussions, and practicing medical writing will enhance their language proficiency.Candidates should also familiarize themselves with medical literature and research articles. They should read and analyze medical journals, research papers, and case studies to become familiar with the language and structure of medical literature. Taking notes, summarizing articles, and discussing them with peers will improve their comprehension and analysis skills.Moreover, candidates should utilize online resources and study materials specifically designed for the Medical English Exam. There are various websites, books, and practice tests available that can help candidates prepare for the exam. These resources provide sample questions, vocabulary lists, and practice exercises, allowing candidates to assess their knowledge and identify areas for improvement.In conclusion, the Medical English Exam is a comprehensive assessment of medical professionals' proficiency in the English language. It evaluates their knowledge of medical terminology, communication skills, and ability to comprehend medical literature. To succeed in the exam, candidates should focus on developing a strong foundation in medical terminology, improving their communication skills, and familiarizing themselves with medical literature. By dedicating time and effort to prepare for the exam, medical professionals can enhance their language proficiency and effectively communicate in the global healthcare community.。
医学英语机考注意事项
医学英语机考注意事项Medical English Online Exam Preparation and Precautions.Taking a medical English online exam can be a challenging task, as it requires a combination oflinguistic proficiency, medical knowledge, andtechnological savvy. To ensure a smooth and successful exam experience, it's important to prepare adequately and follow some key precautions.1. Prepare Well Ahead of Time.Understand the Exam Format and Requirements:Familiarize yourself with the exam format, duration, and scoring system. Ensure you understand the specific requirements, such as the need for a quiet exam environment or specific software requirements.Review Medical Terminology: Brush up on your medical vocabulary and terminology. This is crucial forcomprehending and answering questions accurately.Practice with Sample Questions: Utilize sample questions and practice exams to familiarize yourself with the types of questions you'll encounter and to identify areas where you may need additional preparation.2. Ensure a Suitable Exam Environment.Choose a Quiet Location: Select a place where youwon't be disturbed or interrupted during the exam. Avoid areas with potential distractions, such as noise or people walking by.Check for Adequate Lighting: Ensure your workspace is well-lit to avoid eye strain and improve reading comprehension.Ensure Stable Internet Connection: A reliable internet connection is essential for online exams. Test your connection before the exam to ensure it's stable and fast enough to handle the exam requirements.3. Technical Preparation.Install Required Software: Install and test any software or applications required for the exam. This includes any virtual exam platforms or online proctoring tools.Update Your Devices: Keep your computer or other devices updated with the latest software and security patches.Check Hardware Compatibility: Ensure your device meets the minimum hardware requirements for the exam, including processor speed, memory, and screen resolution.4. Exam Day Precautions.Arrive Early: Log in to the exam platform well before the scheduled start time to allow for any unexpected delays.Prepare Documents: Have any required documents, suchas your identification or exam voucher, ready and easily accessible.Dress Appropriately: While appearing online, maintain a professional dress code as if you were attending an actual exam center.Avoid Cheating: Understand the consequences of cheating and adhere strictly to the exam rules. Cheating not only reflects poorly on your character but can also result in serious disciplinary action.5. Take the Exam with Confidence.Manage Your Time Effectively: Use the exam's timing features to your advantage. Allocate time evenly to each section or question, ensuring you don't run out of time at the end.Read Questions Carefully: Double-check your understanding of each question before answering. Pay attention to keywords and ensure you're answering thequestion that's asked.Stay Calm and Focused: Exams can be stressful, butit's important to stay calm and focused. Take breaks as needed to refresh your mind and avoid getting overwhelmed.In conclusion, preparing for a medical English online exam requires a combination of linguistic proficiency, medical knowledge, and technological savvy. By following these precautions and tips, you can ensure a smooth and successful exam experience. Remember to stay calm, focused, and prepared, and you'll be well on your way to achieving your desired results.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
XuZhou Medical CollegeExamination of Medical Physiology for 10TH IMSPQ 2012（Feb29,2012）PARTⅠ. Single choices ( 2 point×30=60 points, Please choose the BEST answer and then fill in the answer card)1. The major physiological function of plasm colloid osmotic pressure is toA. regulate water exchange between the two sides of capillaries.B. regulate fluid equilibrium between the two sides of cells.C. maintain the normal cellular shape.D. keep the normal cubic capacity of cells.E. determine the total plasm osmotic pressure.2. During the process of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle, calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum byA. Inositol triphosphate (IP3)B. Protein kinase AC. An increase in intracellular calcium concentrationD. Membrane depolarizationE. An increase in intracellular sodium concentration3. In a nerve, the magnitude of the action potential overshoot is normally a function of theA. Magnitude of the stimulusB. Intracellular potassium concentrationC. Extracellular sodium concentrationD. Resting membrane potentialE. Diameter of the axon4. The rate of diffusion of a particle across a membrane will increase ifA. The area of the membrane decreasesB. The thickness of the membrane increasesC. The size of the particle increasesD. The concentration gradient of the particle decreasesE. The lipid solubility of the particle increases5. The following diagram illustrates the relative resistance of three vessels. The ratio of the flow in vessel X to the flow in vessel Y isA. 1:1B. 3:2C. 2:1D. 3:1E. 4:36. The data below was obtained from a patient before and after administration of a drug that increased his mean right atrial pressure.The ratio of the patients total peripheral resistance before administration of the drug to the total peripheral resistance after administration of the drug isA. 1:1B. 3:2C. 4:3D. 5:4E. 6:57. During ventricular ejection, the pressure difference smallest in magnitude is between theA. Pulmonary artery and left atriumB. Right ventricle and right atriumC. Left ventricle and aortaD. Left ventricle and left atriumE. Aorta and capillaries8. Net filtration from capillaries will increase followingA. Increased contraction of the precapillary sphincterB. Decreased arterial pressureC. Increased plasma protein concentrationD. Decreased capillary permeabilityE. Increased postcapillary resistance9. A deficiency of pulmonary surfactant wouldA. Decrease surface tension in the alveoliB. Decrease the change in intrapleural pressure required to achieve a given tidal volumeC. Decrease lung complianceD. Decrease the work of breathingE. Increase functional residual capacity (FRC)10. Airway resistance is lowestA. During a forced expirationB. At the total lung capacityC. At the residual volumeD. During vagal stimulationE. When breathing gas with low oxygen11. The principal paracrine secretion involved in the inhibitory feedback regulation of gastric acid secretion isA. GastrinB. SomatostatinC. HistamineD. 5-HTE. Acetylcholine12. Acidification of the duodenum willA. Decrease pancreatic secretion of bicarbonateB. Increase secretion of gastric acidC. Decrease gastric emptyingD. Increase contraction of the gallbladderE. Increase contraction of the sphincter of Oddi13.Heat is produced in the bodyA. only when body core temperature falls below the temperature set point.B. at a constant rate.C. at a variable rate.D. during hypothermia, mainly by nonshivering thermogenesis.14.The primary function of the bones of the middle ear is toA. Amplify the sound stimulusB. Filter high-frequency sounds from the sound stimulusC. Enable the direction of a sound stimulus to be detectedD. Enhance the ability to distinguish different sound frequenciesE. Protect the ear from damage15. Which one of the optic field defects listed in the following diagram is produced by a pituitary gland tumor?A. AB. BC. CD. D16.Which of the following hypothalamic nuclei is responsible for controlling the normal circadian rhythm?A. Paraventricular nucleusB. Ventromedial nucleusC. Arcuate nucleusD. Lateral nucleusE. Suprachiasmatic nucleus17.Presynaptic inhibition in the central nervous system affects the firing rate of alpha motoneurons byA. Increasing the chloride permeability of the presynaptic nerve endingB. Decreasing the potassium permeability of the alpha motoneuronC. Decreasing the frequency of action potentials by the presynaptic nerve endingD. Increasing (hyperpolarizing) the membrane potential of the alpha motoneuronE. Increasing the amount of the neurotransmitter released by the presynaptic nerve ending18.During a voluntary movement, the Golgi tendon organ provides the central nervous system with information aboutA. The length of the muscle being movedB. The velocity of the movementC. The blood flow to the muscle being movedD. The tension developed by the muscle being movedE. The change in joint angle produced by the movement19.If GFR increases, proximal tubular reabsorption of salt and water will increase by a process called glomerulotubular balance.Contributions to this process includeA. An increase in peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressureB. A decrease in peritubular sodium concentrationC. An increase in peritubular oncotic pressureD. An increase in proximal tubular flowE. An increase in peritubular capillary flow20.Destruction of the supraoptic nuclei of the brain will produce whichof the following changes in urinary volume and concentration?(Assume that fluid intake equals fluid loss.)A. An increased urinary volume and a very dilute urineB. An increased urinary volume and concentrated urineC. A normal urinary volume and concentrationD. Decreased urinary volume and a very dilute urineE. Decreased urinary volume and a concentrated urine21.Radiation treatment for a pituitary tumor in an 8-year-old boy resulted in the complete loss of pituitary function. As a result, thechild is likely to experienceA. HyperthyroidismB. Increased ACTHC.Absent sexual maturationD.Accelerated growth spurtsE. Increased TSH levels22.The secretion of ACTH is correctly described in which of the following statements?A . It shows circadian rhythm in humansB. It is decreased during periods of stressC. It is inhibited by aldosteroneD. It is stimulated by glucocorticoidsE. It is stimulated by epinephrine23. The resting potential of a nerve membrane is primarily dependent on the concentration gradient ofA. PotassiumB. SodiumC. CalciumD. ChlorideE. Bicarbonate24. Which of the following words or phrases is most closely associated with an end-plate potential at the neuromuscular junction?A. “All-or-none response”B. DepolarizationC. HyperpolarizationD. Action potentialE. Electrically excitable gates25. In a test subject, oxygen consumption was measured at 700 mL/min. Pulmonary artery oxygen content was 140 mL per liter of blood and brachial artery oxygen content was 210 mL per liter of blood. Cardiac output was which of the following?A. 4.2 L/minB. 7.0 L/minC. 10.0 L/minD. 12.6 L/minE. 30.0 L/min26. Increasing vagal stimulation of the heart will cause an increase inA. Heart rateB. PR intervalC. Ventricular contractilityD. Ejection fractionE. Cardiac output27. A woman has a respiratory rate of 18, a tidal volume of 350 mL, and a dead space of 100 mL. What is her alveolar ventilation?A. 4.0 LB. 4.5 LC. 5.0 LD. 5.5 LE. 6.0 L28.Vitamin B12 is absorbed primarily in theA. StomachB. DuodenumC. JejunumD. IleumE. Colon29. The most important role of the gamma motoneurons is toA. Stimulate the common skeletal muscle fibers to contractB. Maintain Ia afferent activity during contraction of muscleC. Detect the strength of skeletal muscleD. Detect the length of resting skeletal muscleE. Prevent muscles from producing too much force30. Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system causesA. Urinary bladder emptyingB. Pupillary constrictionC. Accommodation for near visionD. Bronchiolar dilationE. Gallbladder emptyingPART Ⅱ. Answer the following questions(10 points for each,total 40 points)1. Which ions content in plasm will increase for blood of long-term preservation under cold environment? Why does hemolysis tend to occur for this case? Please discuss the questions in detail.2. Blood is flowing in a straight vessel.(a) P1=100mmHg, P2= 90mmHg, R= lmmHg/mL/min.What is the value of blood flow?(b) The values of P1 & P2 are kept the same as the above, but the radius of the vessel is increased to three fold . What is the value ofblood flow in this case?3. You’re biking in the t our from China and you’re breat hing very heavily! This is happening because your diaphragm is being stimulated to contract at a rapid rate by neuronal signals in your brain. The brain has sent out these signals in response to nervous signals it has received from CO2-detecting cells. The CO2 was produced by your muscles that are clearly working overtime! Name the sensor, the afferent and efferent pathways as well as the integrating center and effector organ in this response loop.4. Please describe in detail the physiological process illustrated by the following diagram.(Please answer the above questions on the supplemental sheet)。