Unit 4 Global warming单词和句型重点总结

Unit 4 Global warming全球变暖一、词汇e about发生；造成注意：（1）come about是不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态，常指情况不受人控制的突然发生。

有时用it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语。

（2）表示“发生”的词或短语有：happen,occur,take place,break out,都是不及物动词或短语，都没有被动语态。

come out（花）开；出版；发行；显露come up走近；长出；发芽；被提出；发生come up with赶上；提出come across被理解；偶然碰见；无意中找到come along出现；进展；跟着来come on得啦；快点come to总计；达到；恢复知觉when it comes to涉及；谈到①Many a quarrel comes about through a misunderstanding.②The moon came out from behind the clouds.③I’ll let you know if anything comes up.④I’ll come over and see how you are coming along.⑤I came across an old friend yesterday.⑥When she came to, she couldn’t recognize the surroundings.2.subscribe to同意；赞成；订购(1)subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅vt.（签署）文件；捐助subscribe…to…在……上签署；向……捐……(2) subscription n.订阅费；捐赠款①I subscribe to your suggestion.②Which magazine do you subscribe to?③He subscribed his name to the paper（文件）.④He subscribed a large sum to the poor students.3.quantity n.量；数量in quantity 在数量上；大量地in large quantities 大量地（常修饰动词）a (large) quantity of+①不可数名词（谓语用单数）②可数名词（谓语用复数）large quantities of+不可数名词/可数名词复数（谓语都用复数）①It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity / in large quantities.②A large quantity of silk is sold in Japan.③A large quantity of drugs are found in his home.④Large quantities of rain are needed in this area.4.tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理(1)tend to do sth.常常会做某事；趋向于做某事tend to / towards sth.趋于；倾向于tend (to) sb. / sth.(=look after sb./ sth.)照顾；护理……(2)tendency n.倾向；偏好have a tendency to do sth.往往会做某事①He tends to get angry when others disagree with her.②His views tend towards the extreme（极端）.③He was tending (to) his son when I saw him in the hospital.④Jane is nice but has a tendency to talk too much.=Jane is nice but she tends to talk too much.5.go up上升；增长；升起；被建造go up by上升了……go up to上升到……go down下降；降低；（船）下沉go in for从事；致力；爱好；追求go without没有……也行；将就go over复习；查看go through通过；经历苦难；浏览①The price of the new house in our area has gone up by 1,000 yuan per square meter（平方米）。

That is（也就是说）it has gone up to 5,000 yuan per square meter.②The wind has gone down a little.④The country has gone through too many wars.⑤We all go in for winter sports.⑥New buildings are going up everywhere.⑦We have no beer left, so you have to go without it.⑧The actor had to go over his lines（台词）many times before he got them right.6.result in 导致同义词汇：cause, lead to, contribute to, bring about, give rise to(1)result from由……引起(2)as a result of作为……的结果；由于as a result结果①His illness resulted from bad food.②He was late as a result of the snow.③As a result, he had to leave.④The driver’s careless driving resulted in the death of five passengers （乘客）.7.be opposed to反对……(to为介词)同义词汇：be against, object to;反义词汇：support, subscribe to, be for, approve ofoppose vt.反对；反抗；与……较量oppose (doing) sth.反对（做）某事be opposed to (doing) sth.反对①Most of the students oppose having classes on Sunday.②Most people are opposed to smoking in the public places.③I am strongly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.8.consequence n.结果；后果；影响in consequence of/as a consequence of(=as a result of)作为……的结果in consequence/as a consequence(as a result)结果是；因而take the consequences为（自己行为的、行动的）结果负责consequent adj.随之发生的；由……引起的consequently adv.所以；因而①Iraq（伊拉克）is still in a state of unrest(动乱) in consequence/ as a consequence of the Gulf war（海湾战争）.②I overslept（睡过头）, and in consequence/ as a consequence I was late for work.③Consequently, there is a strong possibility that life can arise（出现）on other planets（星球）.9.state vt.陈述；说明；阐明；声明n.状态；状况vt.陈述；说明；阐明；声明(1)state +n. / that从句/ wh-从句声明……；说明……It is stated that…据宣布/据称/据说(2)statement n.陈述；说明make a statement 作陈述；发表声明joint statement 联合声明n.状态；状况；国家；州in a(n)…state/ in state of处于……的状态①He stated that he had never seen the man.②It is stated that more than 30 people were killed in the accident.③A government spokesperson（发言人）made a statement to the press （新闻界）.④She is in a state of poor health, which worried her parents much.⑤She was in a terrible state when we arrived.10.range n.种类；范围v.排列‘变化(1)a wide range of一系列/各种……in / within range (of sth.)在……射程以内；在……范围内out of / beyond range (of sth.)在……射程以外；在……范围以外out of / beyond one’s range某人能力达不到ranges of一排排……；多种……range from…to…/range between…and…在……范围内变动；从……到……不等①Students have a wide range of interests.②The animal is still out of/beyond (in/within) range of my gun.③The price of the house is within our range.④The library has ranges of books.⑤The children ’s ages range from 8 to 15(range between 8 and 15).11.keep on(doing) sth.继续keep sb. doing sth.使某人处在某状态中keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事keep back （使）后退；忍住；隐瞒keep off（使）让开；（使）不接近keep out挡住；使不进去keep to遵守；坚持keep up维持；保持keep up with跟上；赶上①When the teacher came in, they still kept on talking.②Nothing can keep him from carrying out（实施）the plan.③The boss kept him working all day.④She tried to keep back her tears.⑤Keep your hands off my dress.⑥Close the door to keep the dog out.⑦We sang songs to keep up our spirits when we were marching（行进）.⑧We must keep up with the development of the society.12.glance vi.看一下；扫视n.一瞥(1)glance at向……一瞥（强调动作）glance through / over浏览glance round扫视(2)at first glance/sight乍看一下at a (single) glance（只）看一眼；一眼；立刻take/give a glance (at)看一下①He glanced at the envelope（信封）and recognize his uncle’s handwriting.②He glanced through/over the newspaper.③She glanced round the room before she left.④At first glance the problem seemed very easy.⑤Can we just take a glance at some of your products（产品）?扩展：表示“看”的短语stare at瞪着眼注视glare at怒目而视gaze at（长时间无意识）凝视glimpse at（无意识）瞥见13.on the whole大体上；基本上in general总的来说；大体上as a whole整个来看；总体上；作为一个整体①Our opinions are on the whole the same.②I analyzed his words as a whole.③In general, our cars are reliable.14.average adj.平均的n.平均（数）；普通水平an average of………的平均数above/up to/below (the) average高于/达到/低于平均数on (the) average按平均数计算；一般地讲①An average of two students is absent each day.②Tom’s work at school is above (the) average.③Though he works hard, his marks（分数）are still below the average.④On average, over 8000 people come to Zhouzhuang a day.15.existence n.生存；存在bring…into existence使产生；使形成come into existence开始存在；形成；成立in existence实际存在的；现存的；现有的①The company came into existence in 1918.=The company was brought into existence in 1918.②The elephant is the largest land animal （陆上动物）in existence.16.on behalf of代表……一方；作为……的代言人represent vt.代表（某人、某团体）①On behalf of the school I would like to thank you all.②He was represented in the court（法庭）by a famous lawyer.17.put up with容忍；忍受put forward提出put up挂起；张贴；举起；抬起；建造；留宿put away放好；收起来put aside把……放在一边；储存put on穿上；戴上；上演put in添上；把……写进（信函、故事等）put out扑灭；熄灭put off推迟put down把……放下；写下；扑灭；平息①I’m not going to put up with their smoking any longer.②She washed the cups and put them away.③He put up a picture on the wall.④She put aside a lot of money for her retirement（退休）.⑤Let me put down your telephone number in case I forget in.⑥Tom decided to put in a new character（人物）in his story.18.so long as只要（1）as / so long as “只要”;还可意为“与……一样长，长达……”。