简单版定语从句讲解

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(完整版)定语从句讲解

(完整版)定语从句讲解

1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。

在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。

定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。

被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

二 关系词的用法。

关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾 语、状语等)。

引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ,who ,whom ,whose ,which;关系副词有 when ,where ,why 等。

关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。

who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。

在现代英语里,有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。

作 宾语的关系代词who ,whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。

She was the one who did most of the talking 。

大部分时间都是她在说话。

(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。

(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。

(作宾语,whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom 前面时,不能用who 代替。

Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。

定语从句超详细讲解

定语从句超详细讲解

定语从句超详细讲解什么是定语从句定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句,用来对所修饰的名词或代词进行进一步的说明或限制。

定语从句通常由关系词引导,在句中充当修饰成分。

关系词的种类常见的关系词有:who, whom, whose, which, that。

关系词根据在从句中的作用,可分为主格关系词、宾格关系词和属格关系词。

- 主格关系词:who, which- 宾格关系词:whom, which- 属格关系词:whose, of which定语从句结构定语从句的基本结构为:关系词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。

根据所修饰的名词在定语从句中的作用,可分为三种结构:1. 主语关系从句:关系词在从句中作主语,修饰前面的名词。

- 例:The book which is on the table is mine.(在桌子上的那本书是我的。

)2. 宾语关系从句:关系词在从句中作宾语,修饰前面的名词。

- 例:She has a brother whom I have never met.(她有个兄弟我从未见过。

)3. 定语关系从句:关系词在从句中作定语,修饰前面的名词。

- 例:I live in a house whose roof is red.(我住在一座房子里,它的屋顶是红色的。

)定语从句的使用注意事项- 关系词指代的是先行词,要保持一致性。

例如,主格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是人;宾格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是人或物;属格关系词引导的从句,先行词也应该是有所属关系的事物。

- 关系词在从句中可省略,但要根据上下文的需要决定是否省略。

定语从句的练题1. The girl _______ is my sister. (who/whom/which/that)2. The man _______ I talked to is the boss. (who/whom/which/that)3. She is the girl _______ mother works at the hospital.(who/whom/whose/which/that)4. The car _______ is parked outside is mine. (who/which/that)5. The book _______ you borrowed from the library is overdue. (whose/which/that)答案:1. who2. whom3. whose4. that5. which以上就是定语从句的超详细讲解。

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

(完整版)定语从句语法详解

定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。

从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。

其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。

the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。

二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。

定语从句知识点总结简单

定语从句知识点总结简单

定语从句知识点总结简单一、定语从句的概念定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句,用来限定或描述这个名词或代词的性质、特征等。

定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用以补充说明名词或代词所指的具体内容。

二、定语从句的结构定语从句的结构包括先行词、关系代词或关系副词以及从句三个部分。

1. 先行词:即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,通常在定语从句的前面。

2. 关系代词:在定语从句中起连接作用的代词,包括who, whom, whose, which, that等。

3. 关系副词:在定语从句中起连接作用的副词,包括where, when, why等。

三、关系代词和关系副词的用法1. who/whom/whose:关系代词,用来引导修饰人的定语从句。

例如:The girl who is standing there is my sister.The man whose car was stolen has reported to the police.2. which/that:关系代词,用来引导修饰物的定语从句,which一般只用于非限制性定语从句。

例如:The book which is on the table is mine.The pen that I lost last night is found.3. where:关系副词,用来引导修饰地点的定语从句。

例如:This is the school where I study.4. when:关系副词,用来引导修饰时间的定语从句。

例如:That was the day when we met for the first time.5. why:关系副词,用来引导修饰原因的定语从句。

例如:I don't understand the reason why he left so suddenly.以上是关系代词和关系副词的基本用法,需要根据具体的语境来选择适当的关联词。

定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解

定语从句讲解(一)一、详细的定语从句讲解定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。

状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。

名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。

一、限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。

而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)

定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。

在英语中,定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。

下面,我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。

一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。

引导词通常是先行词,即被修饰的名词或代词;关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来;从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

1. 引导词:先行词通常是名词或代词,它可以是主语、宾语或表语。

例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)2. 关系词:关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来。

关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)3. 从句:从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。

从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。

例如:那本书很有趣。

)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。

)二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用,即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。

限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,且不能用逗号与主句隔开。

例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。

定语从句详细讲解

定语从句详细讲解以定语从句为题,详细讲解如下:定语从句是一种修饰名词或代词的从句,用来给出进一步的详细信息。

它通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。

定语从句的作用是对先行词进行补充说明,进一步限定其范围或提供更多细节。

1. 关系代词引导的定语从句:关系代词包括“that, who, whom, whose, which”等。

例句1:I have a friend who lives in London.(我有一个住在伦敦的朋友)解释:定语从句“who lives in London”修饰先行词“a friend”,提供了进一步的信息,说明这个朋友住在伦敦。

例句2:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.(我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣)解释:定语从句“that I borrowed from the library”修饰先行词“the book”,说明这本书是我从图书馆借来的。

2. 关系副词引导的定语从句:关系副词包括“where, when, why”等。

例句3:I still remember the day when we first met.(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那天)解释:定语从句“when we first met”修饰先行词“the day”,说明这一天是我们第一次见面的那一天。

例句4:This is the reason why I didn't go to the party.(这就是我没去参加聚会的原因)解释:定语从句“why I didn't go to the party”修饰先行词“the reason”,说明这就是我没去参加聚会的原因。

3. 定语从句的位置:定语从句可以放在先行词之后,也可以放在先行词之前。

例句5:The boy who is playing football is my brother.(正在踢足球的那个男孩是我的弟弟)解释:定语从句“who is playing football”放在先行词“the boy”之后,修饰这个男孩。

定语从句 知识点讲解

定语从句知识点讲解定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分。

它用来修饰名词或代词,给出更多的信息,进一步限定或说明这个名词或代词。

一、定语从句的引导词在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词是引导词,它们引导定语从句的开始,起到连接作用。

1. 关系代词:关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that五个。

- Who用于表示人,在从句中做主语或宾语:This is the man whohelped me.- Whom用于表示人,在从句中做宾语:This is the man whom I met yesterday.- Whose用于表示人或物,在从句中做定语修饰:This is the man whose car was stolen.- Which用于表示物,在从句中做主语或宾语:This is the book whichI borrowed from the library.- That用于表示人或物,在从句中做主语或宾语,通常用于非限制性定语从句:This is the house that Jack built.(限制性)This is the house, which Jack built.(非限制性)2. 关系副词:关系副词有where, when, why三个。

第1页/共4页- Where用于表示地点,在从句中做状语:This is the place where we met.- When用于表示时间,在从句中也做状语:This is the time when we had a meeting.- Why用于表示原因,在从句中也做状语:This is the reason why he was late.二、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在名词前面或后面,它是修饰名词的重要手段。

1. 定语从句放在名词前面:This is the book that I borrowed from the library.(这是我从图书馆借来的书。

英语定语从句语法详解

英语定语从句语法详解定语从句是英语中非常重要的一个语法结构,用于修饰名词或代词,并且在句子中起到定语的作用。

在本文中,我们将详细介绍英语定语从句的概念、用法以及常见的引导词。

一、定语从句的概念和用途定语从句是由一个句子作为整体,用来修饰名词或代词的句子。

它可以提供进一步的信息,使得句子更加具体明确。

定语从句通常放置在被修饰的名词或代词之后。

例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。

In this sentence, "that I bought yesterday"是一个定语从句,修饰名词"book",进一步解释了这本书的情况。

二、引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。

常见的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that等;常见的关系副词有:when、where、why等。

1. 关系代词的用法a. who/whom/whose:用于人。

who用作主语或宾语,whom用作宾语,而whose表示所有关系。

例如:The man who is standing over there is my father.那个站在那里的人是我爸爸。

The boy whom I met yesterday is my classmate.我昨天遇到的那个男孩是我的同学。

This is the house whose roof is red.这是一座屋顶是红色的房子。

b. which/that:用于物。

which用作主语或宾语,that可用作主语、宾语或定语。

例如:The car which/that is parked in front of the house is mine.停在房子前面的那辆车是我的。

The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。

定语从句的详细讲解

定语从句的详细讲解一、定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句大凡放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,多见的关系代词包括that,which,who (宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的严重成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍统统。

四、关系代词的用法1. that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢柔和的音乐。

(that 作主语)The coat (that)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。

(that作宾语)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

(作主语)The film (which)we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。

(作宾语)3.who, whom用于指人,who用作主语,whom用作宾语。

在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。

例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。

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定语从句 在英语中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例:The girl who is behind the tree is Kate.
The man who was driving too fast was drunk.
关系代词如何引导定语从句
普通代词与关系代词的区别 I have a sister.She works in Shanghai.
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、 分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。 (以介词短语、分词为例) 例: The girl behind the tree is Kate.
The man driving too fast was drunk(喝醉的)
Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now. Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?
(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. He is the kind person that I have ever worked who with. whom Ø (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film. This is the best film that I have ever seen. Ø
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
(主语)
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who has a round face is Tom.
The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me. The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.
代替 sister
普通代词:只起代替的作用(如上例she) I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai. 关系代词: (如上例who/that) 1.代替先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 (把主句和从句连起来)
4.which 指物,作主语或宾语 (作宾 语可省略,如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year. The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books?
定语从句中需注意事项
有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which 1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数 词修饰时 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything等 不定代词时 Here is something( that) I will tell you.
关系代词
3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以 代人也可以代物。
I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.
关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前 面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom 代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略) 1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of . 2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room where I live is very big. 注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前. 例如:look after,look at …
This is the reason why(for which)I am late.
(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.
The scientist Ø we met yesterday is very who famous in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it. The dress that she is wearing is new. which Ø
人 /物
物 人 人 人 /物 人 /物
主、宾、表
主、宾、表 主、宾 宾 定 主、宾
when
where why
时间
地点 原因
时间状语
地点状语 原因状语
最后,定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother. (叙述客观事实 用一般现在时) (从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中yesterday表示过去时间)
关系代词的使用取决于先行词,它们的关系非常密
切,因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词, 所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后,而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。
关系词判 断 步 骤 :
首先,要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词 可用 who,that,whom,as,whose。如果先行词指物,关系 代词可用as,which或that;
然后,要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
先行词




who,that, who(m),that as as
whose
物பைடு நூலகம்
which,that which,that, whose,of which as as
关系词
先行词所指
关系词在句中作用
that 关系 代词
which who whom whose as 关系 副词
the tall the strong the clever
The boy who is tall
boy
The boy is Tom.
is Tom.
The boy who is strong is Tom
The boy who is clever is Tom
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
单项选择。 A 1. This is the job ______they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who C 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park____built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where B 3. Who was the grey-haired man ______at yesterday’s meeting? A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen 4. The man ______is painting the house is my uncle. D A.he B.whom C.whose D.who 5. What is the animal ______baby is sleeping in its pocket? B A.who B.whose C.its D.which
3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I haven’t got much that I can offer you. 5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时,用 that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?
————关系副词
关系副词是用来引导定语从句的,它和关系 代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。
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