2021年高考英语 话题阅读训练
2021版高考英语外研版(全国)一轮复习真题精练：话题阅读与话题写作 话题一(1)科普热点
第一节真题精练5年真题拓展训练(1)真题深度阅读训练Step One真题体验(2021·全国Ⅱ·阅读理解B)Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating，for people are often less self-conscious(难为情)when they’re in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn’t have enough window light，get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study，people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it’s time to repaint，go blue.Don’t forget the clock—or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time，and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you’re at it，actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 percent.And we’ll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short，wide glass than a tall，skinny glass. 5．The text is especially helpful for those who care about .A．their home comfortsB．their body shapeC．house buyingD．healthy diets答案 B 解析细节理解题。
2021高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题(13)
最新高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题（13）及答案阅读理解Many of us mistakenly believe that it's wrong to think we have any good qualities. We may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities, thinking that self criticism is the key to improving our performance. However, a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people. How can we believe that others could like us if we believe our inner being is flawed （有缺陷）?If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesn't like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy. Perhaps you and that person are simply a mismatch for each other at this particular time.Don't take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. For all the factors that might cause one person to reject you, there are at least as many factors that will work in your favor with someone else.You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may have a wonderful laugh and a real enthusiasm for life. There are many people who don’t mind your extra pounds. You may drive a shabby car, but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. There are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, and the package it comes in is not important. If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for physical beauty in their friends. You can decide to feel inferior（自卑） because you don't have much money and you don't drive a nice car. You can believe that this is the reason that you don't have many friends in your life. On the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be suspicious that everyone is after your money and that nobody really likes you as a person.The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe it's the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any.36. According to the author ___________ plays an important role in making friends.A. admitting your shortcomingsB. self criticismC. modestyD. confidence【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。
热点14 自然资源利用与生态修复---备战2021年高考英语考前时事热点话题阅读+题型专练
备战2021年高考英语考前时事热点话题阅读热点14 自然资源利用与生态修复一、阅读理解1In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable（可持续的）ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil（棕榈油）, which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.1. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ______.A. it makes the world warmerB. it consumes natural resourcesC. it makes growth hard to continueD. it brings severe damage to forests2. To fully develop the low-carbon markets, governments can ______.A. cut public expensesB. forbid carbon emissionC. develop public resourcesD. encourage energy conservation3. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to ______.A. develop sustainable productsB. explore new natural resourcesC. make full use of natural resourcesD. deal with the major challenge4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To compare two business models.B. To introduce a new business model.C. To advocate sustainable development.D. To predict a change of the global markets.2A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading（扩大）quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely falling below 16°C. Rainforests have a great influence on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate.Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect（反射）more heat into the atmosphere, warming the rest of the world. Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns，potentially（潜在地）causing certain natural disasters all over the world.In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources ：land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example, a lot of carbon dioxide in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit.There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it a ctually reduces the world’s wood supply. Rainforests are often called the world's drugstore. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world’s shrinking（减少）rainforests.5. Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they______.A. reflect more heat into the atmosphereB. bring about high rainfall throughout the worldC. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16°CD. absorb（吸收）the heat from the sun, reducing the effect of heat from the sun on the earth6. What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to?A. We will lose much more than we can gain.B. Humans have begun destroying rainforests.C. People have a strong desire for resources.D. Much carbon dioxide （二氧化碳）comes from burning rainforests.7. It can be inferred from the text that______.A. we can get enough resources without rainforestsB. there is great medicine potential in rainforestsC. we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained landD. the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns8. What might be the best title for the text?A. How to Save Rainforests?B. How to Protect Nature?C. Rainforests and the Environment.D. Rainforests and Medical Development.3Ohio—Lake Erie, the smallest of North America's five Great Lakes, supplies fresh drinking water to an estimated 11 million people in Ohio, Michigan and southern Ontario province, Canada.Yet sometimes pollution, bath from industrial waste and farm-chemical run-off, leaves large areas of the lake covered in half-meter-thick layers of green slime. Scientists blame a lot of chemicals entering the water, which has caused pollution.To find out where these extra nutrients come from, the Ohio Department of Natural Resources has been studying data from its network of 14 water-quality monitoring stations installed along the rivers that flow into the Lake Erie basin.At one point, water from the small stream is diverted into a pipe where it is pumped into the testing station.We'll have 'a sample a day, year-round every day so that really pins down what the chemistry is like," says Dave Baker of Ohio's Heidelberg University, who takes charge of the monitoring stations for the Department of Natural Resources.The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the federal government's pollution watchdog, requires pointsources, such as factories, to monitor and report their discharges. So Baker is looking for where the other sources of pollution come from."If there are problems in Lake Erie, we want to know where it's coming from and make sure we're putting resources to solve the problem properly," Baker says.In this case, a primary source of the pollution turns out to be chemical fertilizer that turn off farmland during rainstorms.Because farmers believe fertilizers are essential to high crop yields, they would like to use them. However, the USDA's Natural Resource Conservation Service isn't asking them to abandon farm chemicals, but rather to use them more sparingly so they don't run off the land when it rains.Another technique for reducing farm chemical pollution of Lake Erie is cover-crop farming. After the harvest, farmers plant a second quick-growing crop to reduce erosion. The deep-rooted plants, such as rye or turnips, help to cover the soil, allowing worms and fungi to work their magic and helping the soil to absorb more water and nutrients.9. What is the problem with Lake Erie?A. There are no fish in it.B. There is little water in it.C. The water is unfit to drink.D. It contains a lot of chemicals.10. Who provides data about Lake Erie?A. The water-quality monitoring stations.B. Natural Resource Conservation Service.C. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources.D. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.11. The underlined phrase "pins down" in Paragraph 5 probably means " ".A. looks throughB. explains exactlyC. keeps a record ofD. shows clearly12. What causes the pollution in Lake Erie?A. Animal waste from nearby farms.B. Waste water from a nearby factory.C. Chemical fertilizers from the fields.D. Pesticide farmers used to kill locusts.13. Quick-growing crops can be planted to .A. prevent worms from eating cropsB. increase the harvest of the farmersC. make full use of chemical fertilizers in the soilD. keep the soil from being washed away4Hidden away in the mountains of western Tanzania is one of the largest lakes in the world: Lake Tanganyika.Environmentalists want to protect the beauty and biological diversity of this area from the harmful effects of overfishing and deforestation. However, in order to do this, they need the cooperation of people in the nearby village of Mahale. In this poor community, malaria and typhoid (疟疾和伤寒) are spreading, there is little access to doctors and 13% of children die before age 5. How can we expect people who cannot save their own children to care about saving the environment?While it is true that the Mahale villagers are suffering, environmentalists argue that Lake Tanganyika is in an equally terrible condition. This lake is home to hundreds of fish species found nowhere else on the globe. Eighty mammal species live in the surrounding forests and mountains. 90% of Tanzania’s endangered chimpanzees live in this area. Damage to this ecosystem will result in untold losses. Furthermore, environmentalists see the destruction of the environment as a direct function of the villagers’ poverty (贫穷): as the fish population decreases, people are forced to clear more land to grow rice and corn. As they clear more land, the soil run-off from deforestation further reduces the fish population, making it even more difficult for people to survive on fishing alone. This cycle harms both the Mahale villagers and the environment.To meet their goal of protecting Lake Tanganyika, environmentalists are now using a many-sided approach in Mahale: helping the villagers gain access to healthcare, educating fishermen and farmers about the effect of deforestation and their own role in the decreasing fish population, and protecting areas of the lake where fish lay eggs. Since natural resources can be the tool by which the people of Tanzania work themselves out of poverty, it is essential that these resources are managed well. By combining health services with protection activity, we can begin to heal the suffering in western Tanzania, for people and the land alike.14. What do we know about Lake Tanganyika from the passage?A. It leads to the people’s poverty.B. It faces a serious situation now.C. It is the largest lake in the world.D. It’s home to some unique animals in the world.15. Which of the following might environmentalists agree with?A. Saving lives is more important than saving the lake.B. Offering the locals healthcare directly contributes to less fishing of the lake.C. Educating the locals can promote their awareness of environmental protection.D. Gaining access to natural resources is the only way for locals to fight poverty.16. What might be the best title for the passage?A. Protecting Lake TanganyikaB. The Poor Life of Villagers in MahaleC. The Importance of Lake TanganyikaD. Villagers in Mahale and Lake Tanganyika5In the oceans, concrete is the main construction material, accounting for more than 70% of coastal and marine construction such as ports, coastal defence structures and waterfronts. "Concrete is damaging in the ocean because, to put it in place, natural ecosystems are destroyed," says Alex Rogers, director of science at REV Ocean, a not-for-profit company studying ocean health and raising awareness of global impacts on the marine environment. "Concrete is a conventional material, and it is low cost. But really, in this day and age, we should be looking at alternative materials that have a lower impact on the environment."Those alternatives might already be here. Among them is a substance called ECOncrete, developed as an eco-friendly concrete. ECOncrete produces bio enhancing concrete products intended to protect coastlines and marine resources. This is achieved by using a mixture made almost entirely of by-products and recycled materials, and is thus nearly carbon neutral. This mixture is combined with up to 70% slag cement(a by product of the steel industry which has a low carbon footprint) and is beneficial for marine concrete thanks to its high chloride resistance. The overall result is a low-carbon concrete.Furthermore, unlike traditional concrete, which is highly alkaline, the specially designed concrete has a pH value near to that of sea water, which helps to promote the growth of marine species such as crabs, molluscs, clams, mussels and oysters. ECOncrete's products are already in use across eight countries and six different seas, from seawalls in Hong Kong to the Port of Rotterdam.However, Beth Strain, a lecturer in marine biology and a project leader for Australia's National Centre for Coasts and Climate, says the evidence for eco-friendly concrete as a better surface for marine organisms is very mixed. “It can be location specific. We did an experiment in 15 harbours around the world with the same type of concrete surface complexity. Largely, the results were positive, but in Penang, Malaysia, for example, using eco-friendly concrete that would theoretically retain moisture and be better for organisms to survive on made no difference.” Strain thinks this is because of th e area's typhoons, which make the area very wet already, so the features of the concrete aren't a big help.“There is a degree of difference and each location will have its own environmental challenges,” says Strain.Nevertheless, from multiple perspectives, it appears that nature-based solutions are definitely the way forward.17. What can we know about ECOncrete from paragraph 2 and 3?A. It is a substance that is highly alkaline.B. It is a substance made of eco-friendly materials.C. It is a company aiming to keep marine resources safe.D. It is a mixture which is combined with low-carbon concrete.18. What does Beth Strain's attitude towards eco-friendly concrete?A. Negative.B. Indifferent.C. Objective.D. Supportive.19. What caused the result in Penang according to Beth Strain?A. The climate of the area.B. The pH value of sea water.C. The researchers of the project.D. The diversity of marine organism.20. Which one may be a possible solutions in the future?A. Invent a new artificial material.B. Install monitors under the oceans.C. Pull down all the coastal constructions.D. Use eco-blocks in coastal constructions.6"We are running out of space and the only places to go to are other worlds. ... Spreading out may be the only thing that saves us from ourselves. I am convinced that humans need to leave Earth" These are the words of the famous scientist Stephen Hawking.Hawking was not alone in this view. Many experts feel that the only way for humans to last far into the future is to colonize (殖民) other planets. That way, if an asteroid (小行星), a terrible discase, or some other disaster strikes Earth, we would still have a chance. Mars is one of the best choices. NASA, the private company SpaceX，and other organizations all have plans to send humans there. "Either we spread Earth to other planets, or we go out of existence,” SpaceX founder Elon Musk said.But not everyone agrees that colonizing Mars or any other planet is such a great plan. The most common argument against going is that it's just too expensive or dangerous. It will take huge amounts of money and other resources just to get people there, let alone set up a place for them to live. It's not even clear if humans could survive on Mars.Maybe all the time and money people would pour into a Mars task would be better spent on more importantprojects here on Earth, like dealing with poverty or climate change. Some experts argue that handling a problem like an asteroid strike or disease outbreak while staying here on Earth would be much easier and less expensive than surviving on a new planet. In addition, moving to a new planet could harm or destroy anything that already lives there. Mars seems uninhabited, but it could possibly host some life. Human visitors may destroy this life or change the Martian environment forever. What do you think? Should humans colonize outer space or stay at home?21. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to________A. provide an explanationB. make a comparisonC. reach a conclusionD. introduce a topic22. In Paragraph 2, many experts recommend colonizing Mars in order to ________.A. protect humans from dying outB. make Hawking's dream come trueC. seek more space for humans to live inD. encourage different organizations to compete23. For what reason are some scientists against colonizing Mars?A. Out of space, out of mind.B. Money should be well spent.C. East or west, home is the best.D. One should mind his own business.24. What’s the author's attitude towards colonizing Mars?A. Confident.B. Doubtful.C. Objective.D. Supportive.7In Australia and other developed countries, consumption (消耗) is viewed as important for economic growth. In recent years, however, concern has grown about the increasing number of people consuming limited resources at a shocking rate. The United States has only about 5 percent of the world's population, yet consumes about 35 percent of the world's energy.Impressive packaging and storage such as refrigeration is a luxury (奢侈) that consumers in developed countries take for granted (认为理所当然). In many parts of the world where refrigeration is either unavailable or too expensive, fresh food is bought daily from open-air markets.These markets make little influence on the environment. They do not use energy to store food and because they mostly operate during daylight hours, no electricity is used for lighting. Packaging is mostly unnecessary, and when needed, is often made from biodegradable (可生物降解的) vegetable matter. These markets still exist inmany parts of the developed world, but are an alternative (供选择的) form of shopping. Even in developing countries, shops are fast becoming the main places for consumers.Commercial (商业的) packaging is becoming as much a part of consumption in developing countries as it is in developed countries. Plastic bags, drink cans, and hamburger containers are now thrown into rubbish piles along with banana leaves which are a more traditional form of packaging. In most cases, it all ends up at the local garbage disposal plant and is not recycled.Many people are starting to notice the influence of consumerism on the environment. It is affecting not only the earth, but also our health. Some scientists think that the greenhouse effect has increased due to the production, use and disposal of many of the products we use.25. What does the author think of packaging and refrigeration?A. It's quite necessary.B. It's a costly process.C. It's the progress of society.D. It's different from consumerism.26. What can be known about the open-air markets in developing countries?A. They are not changing.B. They can't be seen now.C. They are getting less popular.D. They are appearing in more places.27. What are rarely used as packaging according to the author?A. Drink cans.B. Plastic bags.C. Banana leaves.D. Hamburger containers.28. What's the best title for the text?A. Different Ways of PackagingB. Technology vs. the EnvironmentC. Markets in Developing CountriesD. Consumption vs. Economic Growth8A group of scientists are hurrying to document and protect the ancient ruins along Puerto Rico's coasts. They are working as fast as they can before rising sea levels destroy a large part of the island's history.The work started in August 2017. With the help of 3D imaging and other advanced technologies, the scientists have explored a large piece of land along Puerto Rico's north coast and identified an ancient ceremonial center used by the Taino Indians. About 2,000 years ago, the Tainoes lived on many islands in the Caribbean Sea. But after the arrival of Christopher Columbus and other Europeans, they were all killed.Scientists also found a large living place just east of the site? which is seriously endangered by rising sea levels and other natural disasters. Puerto Rico's Department of Natural Resources has said the sea level around the island is rising by more than 3 mm every year.However, climate change has more immediate effects. These include the destruction of the Puerto Rico coastline and natural habitats by storms.Warmer temperatures in the Caribbean increase the number and strength of storms and Puerto Rico faces the possibility of storms every year for six months during the Atlantic hurricane season. Hurricane Maria had already washed away part of its history.Scientists are now trying to find out how badly the hurricanes and loss of land have affected the heritage site they are studying. Eric Lo is an engineer who flew to Puerto Rico in August 2017 to start the project one month before Maria struck the island. Lo was surprised at what he saw when he returned months later.“Pieces of land where I stood do not exist anymore. They are underwater,” he said.29. Where did the scientists find the ancient Taino Indians' living place?A. Under the Caribbean Sea.B. In a European country.C. On Puerto Rico's north coast.D. Along Puerto Rico's east coast.30. Why have the Tainos disappeared from the islands in the Caribbean Sea?A. They were killed by the Europeans.B. They were destroyed by Hurricane Maria.C. They were driven away by the rising sea levels.D. They were moved away by their government.31. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. The serious damage caused by storms.B. The plan to protect the heritage sites.C. The loss of natural habitats in Puerto Rico.D. The worsening climate conditions in the world.32. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. The Obvious Effects of Global Climate ChangeB. Efforts to Preserve Puerto Rico's Coastal HeritageC. New Discoveries of Ancient Taino Indians' RuinsD. Technologies Used to Identify the Ancient Ruins9This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12.35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2000 homes destroyed. According to the BBC, this is the most casualties (伤亡) from wildfires in the country since 2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone.Zeke Hausfather, an energy systems analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. “The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main condition s for the disastrous fires. Australia’s fires were worsened by the combination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year on record for Australia,” Hausfather added on Friday.Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, said warmer ocean temperatures also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy imbalances and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer.Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires. How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel available for fires. Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how firemanagement resources are dispatched (派遣).33. What are the numbers about in Paragraph 1?A. The causes of Australian fires.B. The results of Australian fires.C. The damaged areas of Australian fires.D. The property destruction of Australian fires.34. Which of the following best explains “susceptible to” in the second paragraph?A. Very quickly to adapt to.B. Very seriously to focus on.C. Very easily to be protected against.D. Very likely to be influenced by.35. What can we infer from Trenberth’s research?A. Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading.B. Longer dry weather contributes to global warming.C. The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising.D. Global warming is the root cause of the bushfires.36. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?A. To provide some advice about reducing damage.B. To show the methods for controlling burns.C. To predict the seriousness of Australian fires.D. To stress the effects of Australian fires.10The best and most-commonly used sources for the pills we have are oily fish like salmon（畦），mackerel and sardines. Many environmentalists fear that some species are being over fished for this purpose. We may have an endless voracity for fish oil, but we don't have an endless supply of fish.Menhaden, which is described as “a big-headed, smelly, foot-long fish" , is in great danger. Although prized for dinner in the 18th century, the species has become the unknown victim of the fish oil business 9 which presents us with potential sea fish. Menhaden filter-feed almost entirely on algae （海藻）and is especially good at changing it into-3 fatty acids, which make them a good target for fish oil companies.One particular company, Protein of Houston, has been fishing 90 percent of the country' s menhaden. It's become such a big problem that 13 of the 15 Atlantic states have banned the company * s boats from their waters. Yet the company is still allowed to fish in North Carolina and Virginia, as well as federal waters; the company * s efforts result in the removing of half a billion menhaden every year.Aside from running out a public natural resource for a company，s private profit, the damage to the ecosystem is cause for alarm. The muddy brown color of the Long Island Sound is the direct result of lacking water nitration （过滤）一a job that was once done by menhaden.Menhaden keep the ocean waters of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts clean. A menhaden filters four to six gallons of water of algae in a minute, which prevents underwater dead zones.Measures should be taken to avoid the over fished situation. Plant seeds such as flax seed, chiaseeds, hemp seeds, and sesame seeds —and particularly their oils —are good vegetarian sources of omega-3 fatty acids, although the mix of specific acids is different from which one can get with fish.37. Why does menhaden become a good fish for companies to make pills?A. It is good at forming-3 fatty acids.B. It feeds mainly on the harmful algae.C. It is well-known for its rich protein.D. It is relatively easy for companies to catch.38. What does the underlined word "voracity" in paragraph 1 mean?A. troubleB. shortageC. resourceD. appetite39. What does the author intend to suggest us in the last paragraph?A. To grow more plants for their seeds to make oil.B. To use some substitutes instead of more fish oil.C. To call on the government to make laws in fishing.D. To take part in more activities to protect the environment.40. What is the best title for the text?A. The broken natural ecosystem.B. The process of making fish oil.C. Bad effects of fish oil making.D. How to use natural resources.11Henderson Island in the South Pacific Ocean has always been known for its remarkable biological diversity and untouched ecology. Now, the remote UNESCO World Heritage site that lies 3，100 miles from the closest human settlement can also lay claim to being one of the most polluted places on Earth.Jennifer Lavers, a researcher from the University of Tasmania’s Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies who。
2021年高考——英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习附答案
2021年高考——英语阅读理解专项训练专项练习附答案一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练1．阅读理解When HarmonyOs, the Chinese self-developed operating system for Huawei mobile devices, was released on Aug 9, it quickly became a hot topic on social media. Many believe it not only represents the rise of the country as a tech power, but also shows respect to classical Chinese culture by naming the system "Hongmcng" in Chinese."Hongmeng" is a classical word from Zhuangzi. In the ancient times of Chinese legend and myths (神话),"Hongmeng" was used to describe the original state of the universe before matter existed. For HarmonyOS, "Hongmeng" indicates the developers' aim to make an innovative operating system, unlike any other.Besides "Hongmeng'", Hunwei has also registered many of its products under the names of legendary creatures from Chinese myths. For example, the company's Kirin mobile chip got its name after a lucky monster called "Qilin". And its server chip is calked "Kunpeng", a creature that changed from a fish into a giant bird.Many Chinese Internet users and media have praised Huawei's use of these names," as they stand for Chinese wisdom and ancient people's imagination and spirit of exploration", Global Times noted.In fact, Huawei is not alone in using traditional culture for modern ventures. Ne Zha, the new film, also portrays traditional culture in a modern context. The movie is loosely based on the well-known work of classical Chinese myth The Investiture of the Gods. Earlier this month it became the biggest animated movie in China and was called "the glory of domestic anime (国产动漫)".Indeed, the long history and splendid classic works have given China a profound culture. Myths and legends are the creative works of tremendous imagination. As Global Times put it, today by revisiting a modern context, "ancient myths has the power to inspire imagination in young people". After all, imagination is the beginning of creation.（1）What do we know about HamonyOS?A. Its release raised a storm of objections.B. It is named after creature in myth.C. It combines high technology and culture.D. It's the best operating system.（2）Which of the following best explains "innovative" underlined in Paragraph 2?A. creativeB. modernC. popularD. intelligent（3）How do the public think of Huawei's use of the names?A. Confused.B. Unexpected.C. Approving.D. Doubtful.（4）What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. The film Ne Zha is not adapted from myths.B. The film Ne Zha is a big hit.C. More businesses follow Huawei's lead.D. Ancient myths is a good choice for entertainment.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，中国自主研发的华为移动设备被命名为"Hongmeng"，体现了现代技术和中国文化的结合。
2021年高考英语的阅读理解专项训练附答案
2021年高考英语的阅读理解专项训练附答案一、高考英语阅读理解专项训练1．阅读理解Being forgiving to yourself and others can protect against stress and the harm it does to mental health, according to a new study in the Journal of Health Psychology.Researchers looked at the effects of lifetime stress on a person's mental health, and how more forgiving people got along compared with people who weren't so forgiving. To do this, they asked 148 young adults to fill out questionnaires that assessed their levels of lifetime stress, their tendency to forgive and their mental and physical health.No surprise, people with greater exposure to stress had worse mental and physical health. Butthe researchers also discovered that if people were highly forgiving of both themselves and others, that characteristic alone almost removed the connection between stress and mental illness."It's almost entirely erased—it's zero," says study author Toussaint. "If you don't have forgiving tendencies, you feel the immediate effects of stress in a severe way. You don't have anything to cushion you against that stress."How a forgiving personality protects a person from the influence of severe stress is hard to determine. The researchers infer that people who are more forgiving may adopt better skills to deal with stress, or their reaction to major stressors(压力源)may be slow.Though more research is needed to fully understand the benefits of being more forgiving, Toussaint believes"100％"that forgiveness can be learned. His own previous research has shown that saying a short prayer on forgiveness can help people take the edge off. "I think most people want to feel good and forgiveness offers you the opportunity to do that," he says.（1）The researchers got the effect of forgiving by_____.A. analyzing questionnairesB. doing scientific experimentC. writing research papersD. communicating with 148 adults（2）What can we infer from the passage?A. Forgiving tendencies can deal with all mental problems.B. It remains unknown why forgiveness helps to reduce stress.C. Toussaint's study has fully discovered the benefits of being forgiving.D. Saying a short prayer on forgiveness is the key to getting rid of stress.（3）What does the underlined phrase "take the edge off' in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Look ahead.B. Become relaxed.C. Make up their mind.D. Stick to their goals.（4）What may be the best title for the passage?A. A new study on physical healthB. Forgiving yourself makes you feel goodC. Forgiveness is good for mental healthD. Getting rid of stress is good for your health【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】研究发现拥有一颗宽容的心，能减少焦虑和压力，让人心理健康。
四川广安邻水县2021高考英语阅读专题训练(4)及答案
四川广安邻水县2021高考英语阅读专题训练（4）及答案完形填空。
阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。
When I was a teenager, my dad did everything he could do to advise me against becoming a brewer(造酒人). He’d 1 his life brewing beer for local breweries only to make a living, 2 had his father and grandfather before him. He didn’t want me 3 near a vat(酿酒用的桶)of beer. So I did as he asked. I got good 4 , went to Harvard and in 1971 was accepted into a graduate program there that 5 me to study law and business at the same time.In my second year of graduate school, I began to realize that I’d 6 done anything but go to school. So, at 24 I decided to drop out. 7 , my parents didn’t think this was a great idea. But I felt strongly that you can’t 8 till you’re 65 to d o what you want in life.I packed my stuff into a bus and headed for Colorado to become an instructor at Outward Bound. Three years later, I was ready to go back to 9 . I finished Harvard and got a highly-paid job at the Boston Consulting Group Still, after working there five years, I 10 , “Is this what I want to be doing when I’m 50?” At t hat time, Americans spent good money on beer in 11 quality. Why not make good beer for 12 ? I thought.I decided to give up my job to become 13 . When I told Dad, he was 14 , but in the end he 15 me. I called my beer Samuel Adams, 16 the brewer and patriot(爱国者) who helped to start the Boston Tea Party. 17 I sold the beer direct to beer drinkers to get the 18 out. Six weeks later, at the Great American Beer Festival, Sam Adams Boston Lager（淡啤酒）won the top prize for American beer. In the end I was destined(注定) to be a brewer. My 19 to the young is simple: Life is very20 , so don’t rush to make decisions. Life doesn’t let you plan.( ) 1.A.cost B. spent C. taken D. paid( ) 2.A.like B. as if C. so D. nor( ) 3.A.anywhere B. anyway C. anyhow D. somewhere( ) 4.A.habits B. teachers C. grades D. work( ) 5.A.promised B. convinced C. advised D. allowed( ) 6.A.never B. ever C. always D. hardly( ) 7.A.Fortunatnely B. Obviously C. Possibly D. Surprisingly( ) 8.A.assure B. decline C. deny D. wait ( ) 9.A.school B. Colorado C. my home D. my decision( ) 10.A.thrilled B. stressed C. wondered D. sneezed( ) 11.A.cheap B. expensive C. low D. high( ) 12.A.Englishmen B. Europeans C. the world D. Americans( ) 13.A.a lawyer B. a brewer C. an instructor D. an engineer( ) 14.A.astonished B. satisfied C. interested D. anxious( ) 15.A.hated B. supported C. raised D. left( ) 16.A.for B. at C. in D. after( ) 17.A.Therefore B. Otherwise C. Also D. Yet( ) 18.A.price B. name C. company D. party( ) 19.A.advice B .life C. job D. experience( ) 20.A.hard B. busy C. short D. long1.B spend time doing sth. 是固定结构，意思是“把时间花在做……上”。
2021年高考英语专题复习 阅读练习一
2021年高考英语专题复习阅读练习一推理判断细节理解主旨大意猜测词义0-1 0-1要求2-31-2实际安排 1 2 1难度★★★☆☆新度★★★★★话题学生的乐趣体裁夹叙夹议关键词 pleasure 词数 303 建议时间 5分钟正确率 ____/4More than four-in-10 teachers saidchildren failed to read for pleasure at theage of 11, a study showed. The study –by thepublisher Pearson – found that many schoolsfear children have short attention spans andprefer to spend time online rather than reada novel.Teachers also said that books were not seenas “cool” by pupils and raised fears that parents are failing to do enough to promote a love of reading in the home. Frank Cottrell Boyce, the author, said: “It's worrying to think that so many young children are not being inspired to pick up a good book and get lost in a story.”According to UNESCO, the biggest single indicator of whether a child is going to thrive at school and in work is whether or not they read for pleasure. The poll questioned around 400 secondary school English teachers. Two-thirds of those questioned said that reading was not seen as "cool" by pupils, according to the study. Three-quarters said that children's attention spans were shorter than ever before, while 94 per cent claimed that pupils preferred to be using the internet rather than reading.The poll showed that teachers believe parents are not doing enough to help, with 97 per cent claiming mothers and fathers should be encouraging their child to read more. The findings also show that teachers believe that recent book and film series such as Twilight and The Hunger Games can fuel pupils' interest in reading.Some 83 per cent of teachers said that boys were likely to be engaged by fantasy novels, while 65 per cent said the same for girls. Some 93 per cent of teachers said that boys were likely to find horror books enjoyable. The poll was missioned to mark the launch of a new set of classroom reading books.1. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Many children spend much time online at home.B. Many children fail to read books for pleasure now.C. Many schools fear children have short attention in class.D. Many parents force their children to read novels at home.2. Both teachers and Frank Cottrell Boyce think that, _________.A. not all pupils regard books as their favoriteB. young children have no interest in a storyC. parents should encourage their children to read booksD. parents only pay attention to children’s marks very much3. What can help pupils be more interested in reading according to teachers?A. novelsB. storiesC. the internetD. recent books and film series4. Boys and girls have a mon interest in ________.A. fantasy novelsB. horror booksC. film seriesD. online games【篇章导读】一项新的研究表明：由于受互联网的影响和在家里没有读书的机会，越来越多的孩子在小学毕业时就对读书失去了兴趣。
（全）2021高考英语-阅读精练-含详解+译文
（全）2021高考英语-阅读精练-含详解+译文高考英语-阅读精练-含详解+译文①If you've got the flu, your focus is on getting better—not on how you caught it. But from a public health standpoint, tracking how flu spreads can help keep the virus contained.②In the past, models predicting the path of epidemic disease focused on travel by plane—in some cases combining data on population density with airport locations.③And when studies showed that influenza transmission is modulated by humidity, scientists injected information on climate into the mix.④Now, a new study combines data on a variety of factors, from doctors' visits and vaccination coverage to weather patterns and the movement of individuals as recorded by Twitter.⑤The finding: in the U.S., influenza typically arises in the warm, humid conditions of the south and spreads quickly thanks to the high degree of social connectivity in the region. The finding is in the journal e Life.⑥The researchers started by studying health care records from more than 40 million families, looking for reports of flulike symptoms. The analysis covered nine season's worth of data, from 2003 to 2011. And it pointed toward outbreaks starting near the Gulf of Mexico or thesouthern Atlantic, a surge that seemed to coincide with the southward migration of ducks.⑦"We did our first analysis and it did look like ducks could be possible carriers of the virus, starting spark of the influenza epidemic." Andrey Rzhetsky of the University of Chicago, the study's senior author says they wrote up their "duck hypothesis"and submitted the paper for review. Reviewers, so to speak, strongly encouraged us to include additional factors into the model, specifically climate variables, temperature, wind speeds, solar radiation, and humidity. And when they did... " duck hypothesis collapsed. Ducks as predictor were not important any more and climate took the first place.."⑧Based on the data they collected, the researchers liken the spread of flu to a wildfire. The spark that ignites the epidemic is provided when a blast of colder weather strikes an otherwise warm, humid, urban environment. That chill allows the virus to remain viable in water droplets and perhaps forces people indoors into close quarters. That's where Southern hospitality comes in. Folks in the south are more highly socially connected than elsewhere in the country. So friends, neighbors and community members have plenty of opportunity to pass the virus to one another face to face.⑨Finally, drivi ng from county to county or traveling by plane, allows the flu to spread like wind carries a fire. So you'll come back now—but first make sure you're no longer contagious.1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. What did people think cause epidemic in the past?3. Now, what do people think cause epidemic?4. Why does influenza typically arises in the warm, humid conditions of the south and spreads quickly in the U.S.?5. Why did the researchers compare the spread of flu to a wildfire?6.What does the underlined word "modulate" mean?A. damage B adjust C affect D. differ①If you've got the flu, your focus is on getting better—not on how you caught it. But from a public health standpoint,tracking how flu spreads can help keep the virus contained.【结构解析】根据but可以总结出下文主要讲tracking how flu spread对防治流感的重要性②In the past, models predicting the path of epidemic disease focused on travel by plane—in some cases combining data on population density with airport locations.③And when studies showed that influenza transmi ssion is modulated by humidity, scientists injected information on climate into the mix.④Now, a new study combines data on a variety of factors, from doctors' visits and vaccination coverage to weather patterns and the movement of individuals as recorded by Twitter.【结构解析】②--④主要对比过去和现在人们对流感原因的不同看法。
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2021年高考英语话题阅读训练AThe Qualities of a FriendWhen choosing a friend, one should be very careful. A good friend can help you study. You can have fun together and make each other happy. Sometimes you can meet fair-weather friends.They will be with you as long as you have money or luck, but when you are down, they will run away. How do I know when I have found a good friend？I look for certain qualities of character, especially understanding, honesty and reliability.Above all else, I look for understanding in a friend. A good friend tries to understand how another person is feeling. He is not quick to judge. Instead，he tries to learn from others. He puts himself in the other’s place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful. He is also a good listener.At the same time, a good friend is honest. He does not look for faults in others. He notices their good points. In short, a good friend will try to understand and accept other.Another quality of a friend is reliability, I can always depend on a good friend. If he tells me that he is sure that he will meet me somewhereat a certain time, I can be sure that he will be there. If I need a favor, he will do his best to help me. If I am in trouble, he will not run away from me.There is a fourth quality that makes a friend special. A special friend is someone with whom we can have fun. We should enjoy our lives, and we should enjoy our friendship. That is why I especially like friends who are happy to be with. A good friend likes the same thing I like. We share experience and learn from each other. A good friend has a good sense of humor, too. He likes to laugh with me. That is how we share in the joy of being friends. And I know that he is looking for the quality in me.When I meet someone who is reliable, honest and understanding, I know I have found a good friend.阅读文章，判断下列句子正误(T/F)。
1.When you bee poor, a fair-weather friend of yours will run away from you.2.A good friend is reliable, honest and help you when you are in trouble.3.A fair-weather friend can be depended on if you have money or luck.4.A true friend should share happiness and hardship with each other.5.From the passage we know that the saying “A friend in need is a friend indeed” is wrong.Key: TTFTFBBefore you make friends, you have to decide who you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kind of things as they do.The quickest way to make friends is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk to. It may not be easy at first to smile, but remember most people will stay away from a scared or angry looking face.One easy way to start a conversation with someone is to say something nice about them. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn’t it make you want to keep talking to that person?Ask your new friends questions about themselves. Who’s their favorite singer, where do they live and what do they do after school are all good questions to start a conversation. Make sure you have something to addto the conversation too. When someone asks you a question, do have an answer for them. There is nothing that will stop a conversation quicker than a shrug for an answer.Kids who show an interest in other kids and who are kind and friendly make good friends. Remember that everyone wants to be around people who like to do similar things and people who are nice to them.1.This passage gives us some advice on _________.A.how to make friendsB.what kind of people you can make friends withC. How to start a conversationD. The importance of smile2. According to the third paragraph, most people enjoy talking to one ________.A.who is always smilingB.who seems to be friendlyC.who praise youD.who points out your shortings3. What do the underlined words “a shrug for an answer” mean?A.Being very proudB.Making no answerC.Knowing nothingD.Asking for an answer4.From the passage if a kid wants to make good friends, he should _______.A.show interest in othersB.Be kind and friendlyC.Smile to othersD.All the aboveKey:1-4 ACBDCPeople all need friends because nobody wants to be lonely and a friend can help you in g ood and bad times.You’ve m ade friends since childhood，but you still don’t know who your true friends are. Here are some signs to tell you if your friend is a true friend.Always honestHonesty is important to keep a relationship alive.A true friend always tells you the truth.It may be hard sometimes but lying can destroy afriendship.It is important that your friend speaks honestly and never makes up stories.____________There are always periods in your life when you have problems or difficulties.A true friend will always have time to listen to your problems and give you advice.It may not be able to offer a solution to your problems but the fact that your friend makes time to listen is a sign he/she cares for you.Your friend is not a true friend if he/she can never make time for you when you are in trouble.You also need to be reasonable and accept that your friend also has other things to do so he/she can’t always listen immediately to your problems.Always respectful(尊敬的)A true friend will always respect your opinion no matter whether he/she agrees or not.Your true friend may disagree but never insists that he/she is correct.Always understandingIt is possible that some problems will arise between you and your friend.A true friend will always be forgiving (体谅的)and understanding，even if it isn’t his/her fault.We are all different people and we all make mistakes.A true friend is always forgiving and understanding because he/she doesn’t want to take the risk of losing his/her best friend.1．What’s the best title for the third paragraph?A．Always there for youB．Keep your secretsC．Always happy for youD．Remember your important days2．According to the passage，a true friend will always ________．A．follow your adviceB．offer a solution to your problemsC．listen immediately to your problemsD．respect your opinion even if he/she disagrees with it3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A．Never tell lies to friends.B．Making time for friends.C．Sharing fun with friends.D．Paying attention to a friend’s opinion.4．What’s the author’s purpose of writing this passage?A．To teach us how to make true friends.B．To find out how long a friendship can last.C．To introduce his experience in making friends.D．To tell us how to find out if a friend is a true friend.Key:1-4 ADCDDLife affects (影响) friendships.As we grow，marry，fight in wars，move across the country or change jobs，old friendships fall away and new ones form. As long as we live，the things around us change，and as long as things change，friendships are affected.When we were children we had best friends.No matter what happened we were still friends. We live our lives，however，and do what life calls for us to do，and as we get older，memories fade (逐渐消失)，faces blur (变得模糊不清)，and even friends’ names from childhood are forgotten.Do you have a question about friendship? Do you wonder what to do with a friend who is no longer friendly？Perhaps you will see that you can’t control others. If someone wants to be your friend，it is their choice.All you can do is treat them well and do the best for them when you are with them.Then you wish them well when they leave.You can talk to old_timers and they will tell you that life is full of incredible (难以置信的) joy and incredible sorrow，and that what bothers you today will one day bee a memory and the sting (痛苦) will be gone.Seniors might tell you that you will learn more as you get older.They will tell you that friendships e and friendships go.Sometimes when they go it will hurt，but yo u will be okay with it.It’s the way life works，after all.1．What can we learn about friendship，according to the text?A．Friendship can not be easily affected by one’s family.B．Friends are always around us and will never go away.C．Friends in childhood are the best no matter what happens.2．What does the underlined words “old timers” mean in the last paragraph?A．Old people. B．Kind people.C．Rich people. D．Smart people.4．The text mainly tells us ________．A．how to face the changes in friendshipB．how to deal with unfriendly peopleC．that childhood friendship is valuableD．how to share happiness with friends4．The text is most probably taken from a ________．A．science newspaper B．novelC．psychology book D．health magazineKey: 1-4 DAAC?f32258 7E02 縂Fz23328 5B20 嬠39679 9AFF 髿39233 9941 饁gO31811 7C43 籃37978 945A 鑚X26369 6701 朁。