2018年高考英语一轮复习 每日一题(第13周)同位语从句和定语从句的区别(含解析)
同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么 如何区分
同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么如何区分定语从句对先行词起修饰限定作用,有主次关系,先行词可为任何名词.同位语从句和前面的名词是并列关系,前面的名词一般包含着内容,如NEWS.定语从句引导词在从句中充当某种句子成分,同位语从句引导词在从句中不担当任何成分.同位语从句和定语从句的区别1同位语从句和定语从句的区别一，作用不同：同位语从句是解释说明名词的具体内容。
定语从句没有说明名词的具体内容，而是修饰某个名词或者代词。
二，可用同位语从句说明的名词大多数是抽象名词，主要有news , idea, fact, belief, question, truth, word(消息), doubt, evidence，order(命令）。
而定语从句所修饰的词既可以是抽象名词，也可以是具体的名词。
既可以是名词，也可以是those，anything，anybody，all这样的代词。
三，从句引导词不同：一般情况下，引导同位语从句的词主要是that。
当名词是question或者problem的特殊情况下，用于提问的疑问词一般都可以用在同位语从句中。
这包括：which, who, where, when, what , why等疑问词。
而定语从句中，一般情况下，that，which ，who，where ，where，why ，how等都可以引导定语从句。
2如何区分同位语从句和定语从句如果名词后的that从句是完整的，就是同位语从句；如果从句缺少主语或宾语，就是定语从句。
That从句在所有名词性从句中，都只是连接主从句的连词，没有任何意义，不在从句中充当句子成分；That从句在定语从句中是关系代词，不但连接主从句，还要指代被修饰的名词和代词（即先行词）在从句中做主语或宾语，也就是说定语从句中必定少个主语或宾语！。
定语从句和同位语从句的区别含义学案高考英语一轮复习
定语从句和同位语从句的区别含义定语从句和同位语从句都是从句，它们在句子中都充当特定的语法角色，但它们的作用和位置略有不同。
定语从句：定语从句用来对一个名词或代词进行限定或修饰，通常在主句中，与被修饰的名词或代词关联紧密，用来进一步说明或限定其含义。
定语从句通常由关系词（如who, whom, whose, which, that等）引导，并且这个从句可以被省略。
例子：The book that is on the table is mine.（在桌子上的那本书是我的。
）同位语从句：同位语从句是一种从句，用来对另一个名词、代词或名词性词组所表达的概念进行解释、说明或补充。
同位语从句与前面的名词或词组同位，并且通常用来说明或解释这个名词或词组的含义。
同位语从句通常用连接词（如that, whether, if等）引导。
例子：The fact that she passed the exam made her parents proud.（她通过考试这个事实让她的父母感到骄傲。
）在结构上，定语从句和同位语从句的主要区别在于其与名词或代词的关系和所起的作用。
定语从句用来对名词进行修饰或限定，而同位语从句则用来对名词所表示的概念进行解释或补充。
练习:1.The idea _______ we discussed last week was quite innovative.2.The girl _______ won the first prize is my best friend.3.The fact _______ he failed the exam surprised everyone.4.The book _______ I borrowed from the library is quite interesting.5.The belief _______ you mentioned is widely held in many cultures.6.The woman _______ you met yesterday is my sister.7.The car _______ was parked outside the house belongs to my neighbor.8.The movie _______ we watched last night was really boring.9.The house _______ is next to the park is for sale.10.The man _______ is wearing a blue jacket is my brother.11.The book _______ you remended is excellent.12.The teacher _______ is standing at the front of the classroom is Mrs. Smith.13.The puter _______ he bought last week is already outdated.14.The girl _______ won the singing petition is my friend.15.The house _______ we visited last week has a beautiful garden.16.The dog _______ barks loudly belongs to my neighbor.17.The movie _______ we watched last night was quite entertaining.18.The man _______ lives next door is a doctor.19.The car _______ was parked in front of the building was stolen.20.The restaurant _______ serves Italian food is very popular.21.The project _______ we worked on together was a success.22.The painting _______ is hanging on the wall is by Picasso.23.The cat _______ is sitting on the windowsill is mine.24.The university _______ she attended is known for its research programs.25.The bike _______ he rides to work needs repairs.26.The pany _______ he works for is based in New York.27.The song _______ you sang at the party was beautiful.28.The team _______ won the championship celebrated all night.29.The building _______ we live in is undergoing renovations.30.The restaurant _______ we ate at last night had delicious food.31.The boy _______ won the math petition is very intelligent.32.The city _______ I grew up in is quite small.33.The cake _______ my mom baked for my birthday was delicious.34.The project _______ we have been working on for months is finally finished.35.The website _______ you remended has useful information.36.The doctor _______ examined me was very kind.37.The movie _______ we saw last weekend was really scary.38.The book _______ she lent me is on the table.39.The pany _______ offered me a job has a great reputation.40.The tree _______ shades our backyard is starting to lose its leaves.41.The hope _______ the situation would improve kept them going.42.The discovery _______ there might be life on Mars generated excitement.43.The assumption _______ they were responsible for the mess angered them.44.The issue is _______ we can afford to buy a new car.45.We need to determine _______ the event will be held indoors or outdoors.46.The debate centers on _______ we should invest in renewable energy.47.The concern is _______ the event will be canceled due to the weather.48.The book _______ I borrowed from the library is on the table.49.The news _______ she passed the exam brought joy to her family.50.The movie _______ we watched last night was really interesting.51.The fact _______ she was promoted surprised everyone.52.The car _______ he drives is very old.53.The woman _______ won the award is a famous actress.54.The idea _______ he suggested was brilliant.55.The hope _______ the situation would improve kept them going.56.The belief _______ he could achieve his goals inspired others.57.The question _______ we need to address is how to reduce costs.58.I'm not sure _______ we will be able to finish the project on time.59.We are considering _______ to take legal action.60.The bag _____ is on the table is Amy’s.答案：1.that2.who3.that4.that5.that6.whom/that8.that9.that/which10.who/that11.that/which12.who/that13.that14.who/that15.that/which16.that/which17.that/which18.who/that19.that/which20.that/which21.that/which22.that/which23.that/which24.that/which25.that/which26.that/which27.that/which28.that/which29.that/which30.that/which31.who/that32.that/which33.that/which34.that/which35.that/which36.who/that37.that/which38.that/which39.that/which40.that/which41.that42.that43.that44.whether45.whether46.if47.If48.that/which49.that50.that/which52.that/which53.who/that54.that55.that56.that57.that58.if59.whether60.that。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
同位语从句与定语从句的区别一、性质不同同位语从句和主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句同属于名词性从句，表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释。
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
二、引导词不同同位语从句的引导词多是that，whether,也有连接代词what，who，连接副词how, when, where等。
切记，if, which 不能引导同位语从句。
引导词在句中不充当任何成分。
定语从句的引导词有关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as等（没有what），关系副词where, when, why等。
引导词有连接定语从句、代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句及在定语从句中充当句子成分等作用。
三、先行词不同同位语从句所修饰的名词比较有限，通常是抽象名词，有一定的内涵。
常见的有idea, situation thought, fact, evidence, belief, doubt, fear, hope, question, theory, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, truth, possibility, promise, order，news, order, ability等等。
定语从句所修饰的名词则非常广泛，可以是名词､代词､主句的一部分甚至整个句子｡:四、位置区别一般情况下同位语从句跟在先行词后，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容;有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。
定语从句一般跟在它所修饰的先行词后面，有限定性和非限定性之分。
同位语从句和定语从句区别
同位语从句和定语从句区别同位语从句和定语从句区别在现代英语的语法中，从句指复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、whether、which等引导词引导的非主句部分。
以下是店铺为大家整理的同位语从句和定语从句区别，希望对你有所帮助！同位语从句和定语从句区别：1、从句所修饰词的不同。
同位语从句所修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，如belief , doubt , fact, hope , idea , news , possibility , thought , order , suggestion , wish ,answer , information , conclusion , decision , discovery , knowledge , law ,opinion , problem , promise , proof , question , report , truth , risk 等。
定语从句的先行词可以指人、物等。
例如：He has told us a fact that drinking too much does harm to our health.他又告诉我们一个事实，过渡饮酒对健康有害。
(同位语从句)We have no idea that her mother was a professor ten years ago.我们不知道她的母亲十年前是个教授。
(同位语从句)This is the book that I bought yesterday.这是我昨天买的那本书。
(定语从句)I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.我将永远不会忘记我入党的那一天。
(定语从句)2. 连接词的作用不同。
连接同位语从句的that只起连接作用，不在从句中担任任何句子成分。
同位语从句与定语从句区别
同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别在现代英语的语法中，从句指复合句中不能独立成句，但具有主语部分和谓语部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、whether、which等引导词（Connective）引导的非主句部分。
下面是店铺为大家整理的同位语从句与定语从句区别，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别定语从句与同位语从句在形式以及它们在句中的位置上都很相似，但它们在句中的句法-功能不同，所用的引导词也不完全一样。
1. 定语从句是形容词从句，其句法-功能相当于一个形容词，与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，即限定它前面的名词范围，或补充一些情况；而同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，与前面的名词是同位关系，是对前面的名词作进一步解释，即说明它前面名词的内容。
如：The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
（定语从句）The news that I have passed the exam is true.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
（同位语从句）2. 同位语从句与其所修饰的名词之间是一种同位关系，二者之间存在逻辑上的系表关系，可用“主 + 系 + 表”结构来表示，而定语从句则没有这种关系。
如：The news that he won the first place is true.他赢得冠军的消息是真的。
（同位语从句）若用“主 + 系 + 表”结构来表示，则是：The news is that he won the first place.那个消息是他赢得了冠军。
3. 定语从句的先行词可以是各类名词，而可跟同位语从句的名词通常只是news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，possibility 等少数几个。
同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)
同位语从句与定语从句的区别（配练习与答案）一、复习定语从句1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。
2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。
2) 去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子。
3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。
4.引导词：1）关系代词：a) 在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。
b) 分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定), that（主，宾）先行词为物：which(主，宾), that（主，宾）,whose（定）eg：The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister.This is the book which I bought yesterday.c) 关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略。
2）关系副词：a)在从句中作状语。
b)分为：when , where, whyeg：He came last night when I was out.新内容：词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词I can’t stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.His mother did all she could to help him with his study.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。
The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true.引导词: a. 同为that引导：同从中，that不充当任何成分，不可省;定从中，that作主，宾。
作宾语时可省。
b. 同为疑问词引导，同从可用what ,whether,how等，定从不可;同从引导词表疑问，定从不表疑问I have no idea what has happened to him.I remember the day when he told me that he loved me.一，单选。
定语从句与同位语从句的区别
定语从句与同位语从句的区别定语从句和同位语从句都是从句的一种类型，它们在句子中起到不同的语法作用。
本文将详细介绍定语从句和同位语从句的区别。
1. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰一个名词，并且在句子中作为这个名词的定语。
它通常用于对名词进行描述、限定或者补充说明。
定语从句的特点是：- 定语从句通常使用关系代词或关系副词引导，如that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where等。
- 定语从句紧跟在名词后面，与名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。
- 定语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语，这个主语就是引导词在从句中所指代的名词。
以下是一些定语从句的例子：- The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）- The woman who is sitting next to me is my sister.（坐在我旁边的那个女人是我的姐姐。
）2. 同位语从句同位语从句用来说明名词，进一步解释或者补充名词的具体内容。
同位语从句通常由"是"、"为"、"包括"等引导语词引导。
同位语从句的特点是：- 同位语从句通常使用“that”引导，也可以使用“whether”或者“if”引导。
- 同位语从句与其所说明的名词之间用逗号或者引号分隔。
- 同位语从句中的谓语动词通常要有主语，这个主语就是从句中所表示的具体内容。
以下是一些同位语从句的例子：- The fact that he passed the exam made his parents proud.（他通过了考试这个事实让他的父母感到骄傲。
）- I'm not sure whether she will come to the party.（我不确定她是否会来参加派对。
）3. 虽然定语从句和同位语从句在形式上有一些相似之处，但它们在语法功能和用法上有明显的区别。
英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别
英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后，系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。
下面店铺为大家带来英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别，希望大家喜欢！英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别篇1同位语从句与定语从句形相似而实质不同，具体表现在以下几个方面：(1)被修饰的词不同。
同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词；而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。
(2)从句的作用不同。
同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容；而定语从句是对先行词—名词的限制、描绘或说明。
(3)引导词的作用不同。
引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不担任任何成分，但不能省略；而引导定语从句的that为关系代词，在从句中担任句子的某种成分，当担任定语从句中的宾语时，that可以省略。
(4)引导词不同。
定语从句不能用what，how，whether引导；而同位从句可以用what，how，whether引导(5)判定定语从句和同位语从句的方法。
同位语从句可充当同位名词的表语；而定语从句不能充当先行词的.表语。
英语语法同位语从句与定语从句的区别篇2同位语从句与定语从句的区别（1）定语从句修饰限定先行词，它与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句解释说明先行词的具体内容，它与先行词是同位关系。
①The planethat has just taken offis for Paris. （定语从句）②The factthat he has diedis quite clear. （同位语从句）（2）定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分，关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。
同位语从句主要由连词that 引导，在从句中不充当句子成分；where, when, how, who, whether, what 等连词也可以引导同位语从句，这些连词则在从句中担当成分。
①The newsthat he told meis true. （定语从句）②The newsthat he has just diedis true. （同位语从句）③The problemthat we’re facing nowis how we can collect so much money. (定语从句)④The problemhow we can collect so much moneyis hard to solve. （同位语从句）⑤The questionthat he raisedpuzzled all of us. （定语从句）⑥The questionwhether he is sure to win the gameis hard to answer.（同位语从句）（3）同位语从句与先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子, 而定语从句则不能。
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同位语从句和定语从句的区别
高考频度：★★★★☆难易程度：★★★★☆
—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea ____________ he did it; that’s one of his fa vorite universities.
A. when
B. why
C. that
D. how
【答案】B
【解析】此处____________ he did it对名词idea解释说明，是同位语从句。
答句句意：我不知道Mike为什么放弃了耶鲁大学，那是他最喜欢的大学之一。
A项表＂时间＂，D项表＂方式＂，均不合题意。
have no idea = do not know，后面的从句应该表示＂疑问＂，排除表＂确定事实＂的C项。
故本题选择B项。
why表示＂原因＂。
指南针这个事实是众所周知的。
（同位语从句）
The fact that we talked about is very important.我们谈论的这个事实很重要。
（定语从句）
如何区别同位语从句和定语从句
同位语从句和定语从句在形式上基本相同，都是跟在名词或代词之后，且又常由that引导。
但它们的句法功能却是不同的，我们可以从三个方面来加以区别。
（1）根据that来区别。
引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除了起连接主句和从句的作用外，还代替先行词在从句中充当一个成分。
而且这个that还常可以用which来代替。
引导同位语从句的that是个连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，也不能用which来代替。
例如：
The fact that（which）we talked about is very important.我们所谈论的那个事实很重要。
（that在从句中作about的宾语）
The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴。
（that只起连接作用）
Here comes the news that some tourists from America will come to our village.消息传来，说一些美国旅游者要来我们村。
（that只起连接作用）
（2）根据先行词来区别。
体内容）
（3）根据引导词来区别。
如果引导从句的词为when，where，why或者how，而其前面的名词又分别表示时间、地点、原因或方式方法等意义，则它们为关系副词，引导的是定语从句。
例如：
I’ll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall.我永远不会忘记我见到长城的那一
1.The belief,as is a commonly accepted saying ___________ practice makes perfect fails
to work wonders if repeated without action.
A.what
B.which
C.that
D.where
2.It is the promise _______ the government will ban students from using mobile phones
at school _______ excites the teachers and parents.
A.that, that
B.which, that
C.不填 ; that
D.that, which
3.The information sent by the robots from Mars has offered a scientific proof _______ there existed water on Mars.
A.if
B.whether
C.where
D.that
4.The news spread quickly through the village___________the war had ended,
___________made villagers wild with joy.
A.which; that
B.that; what
C.that; which
D.what; which
5.There is hard evidence___________George has something to do with the murder.
A.which
B.what
C.why
D.that
参考答案
该从句内容和结构完整，应该用that引导；第二空应用that与It is构成强调句It is…that …，强调部分为句子的主语the promise。
进步，在于总结。
我在这，总结在哪儿？
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