会计英语基础指导
会计英语入门
会计英语的基础知识及常用术语(1)会计——accountingAccounting is often described as an information system. It is the system that measures business activities, processes information into reports and communicates these findings to decision makers.簿记——bookkeepingBookkeeping is only the part of accounting that records transactions and events.会计原则——accounting principles会计主体原则——business entity principle (each entity must keep accounting records and prepare reports that are distinct from those of the owner and any other entity. It is also known as the separate entity principle).客观性原则——objectivity principle (transactions must be recorded based on independent, unbiased, and verifiable evidence).成本原则——cost principle (all transactions are recorded based on the cash amount received or paid . it is also known as the historical cost principle ).持续性原则——going concern principle (also known as the continuing concern principle).货币计量原则——monetary unit principle (transactions are recorded based on a common currency and not adjusted for changes invalue) .会计分期原则——time period principle (an entity’s activities are divided into specific time period ,such as a year ,and reported on that basis . it is also known as the periodicity principle).收入确认原则——revenue recognition principle (revenue and related expenses are recorded when realized regardless of when cash is actually received or paid . also known as the realization principle).配比原则——matching principle (revenues and expenses must be allocated to the period in which they were actually created).持续性/一贯性原则——consistency principle (an entity must use the same accounting methods period after period so that the financial statements of succeeding periods will be comparable)四类财务报表——four financial statements资产负债表——balance sheetThe balance sheet lists all assets, liabilities, and owner’s equity as of a specific date of an business entity. The balance sheet shows that assets equal the sum of liabilities and owner’s equity.利润表——income statementThe income statement lists revenues and expenses and shows net income or net loss for a period of time, such as a month, of a year.所有者权益变动表——statement of owner’s equityThe statement of owner’s equity shows the changes take place in theowner’s capital during a period of time from net income or net loss, withdrawals, and owner’s investment for a business.现金流量表——cash flow statementThe cash flow statement reports cash receipts and payments as well as cash inflows and outflows in three groups: operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.美国注册会计师协会——American institute of certified public accountants ( AICPA )中国注册会计师协会——Chinese institute of certified public accountants ( CICPA )。
会计基础知识点英文版
会计基础知识点英文版Accounting FundamentalsIntroductionAccounting is a cornerstone of modern business operations, providing a systematic and reliable method for recording, analyzing, and reporting financial transactions.In this article, we will explore some key concepts and principles of accounting. This knowledge is vital for both aspiring accountants and individuals who wish to have abetter understanding of the financial aspects of their personal or professional lives. Let's delve into the world of accounting basics!The Accounting EquationAt the heart of accounting lies the accounting equation, which states that Assets = Liabilities + Equity. Assets are resources owned by a company, such as cash, inventory, or equipment. Liabilities are the company's obligations to repay loans or fulfill other financial commitments. Equityrepresents the owner's claim on the assets after deducting liabilities. Understanding this equation provides afoundation for any accounting analysis.Double-Entry BookkeepingDouble-entry bookkeeping is a fundamental principle of accounting. With this system, every transaction is recordedin at least two accounts: a debit and a credit. Each accountis affected by the transaction in opposite ways. For instance, if cash is received, the cash account is debited, and another account related to the source of the cash is credited. This system ensures accuracy and allows for error detection, blending reliability with accountability.Accrual vs. Cash Basis AccountingThere are two methods of accounting: accrual basis and cash basis. Accrual basis accounting records revenue and expenses when earned or incurred, regardless of when theactual cash is received or paid. This method provides a more accurate representation of the company's financial position. Cash basis accounting, on the other hand, recognizes revenue and expenses only when actual cash changes hands. It is often used by small businesses or individuals with simple financial transactions.Financial StatementsFinancial statements are a vital tool for understanding a company's financial health. They provide a snapshot of its performance, profitability, and overall financial position. The three primary financial statements are the income statement, the balance sheet, and the cash flow statement.The income statement, also known as the profit and loss statement, shows a company's revenues, expenses, and net income or loss over a specific period. It provides insights into a company's operational efficiency and profitability.The balance sheet presents a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time. It lists the company's assets, liabilities, and equity. The balance sheet provides valuable information about a company's liquidity, solvency, and financial stability.The cash flow statement illustrates the movement of cash in and out of a company during a particular period. It helps gauge a company's ability to generate cash and manage its financial obligations. The cash flow statement is dividedinto three sections: operating activities, investing activities, and financing activities.Accounting Principles and StandardsTo ensure consistency and comparability in financial reporting, accounting principles and standards have been developed. The Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) provide guidelines for financial accounting in the United States, while the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are followed by many countries globally.These principles and standards establish rules for recognizing revenue, measuring assets and liabilities, and disclosing financial information. Adhering to these standards ensures that financial statements are reliable, comparable, and useful for decision-making by investors, creditors, and other stakeholders.ConclusionAccounting fundamentals are essential for anyoneinvolved in financial activities, whether as a professional accountant, a business owner, or an individual managing personal finances. Understanding the accounting equation, double-entry bookkeeping, and financial statements provides a solid foundation for analyzing and interpreting financial data. Furthermore, knowledge of accounting principles and standards ensures accurate and reliable financial reporting. By grasping these concepts, individuals can navigate the complex world of finance with confidence and make informed decisions based on sound financial information.。
会计的基本英语知识点汇总
会计的基本英语知识点汇总1. Introduction to Accounting会计简介Accounting is the systematic process of identifying, recording, measuring, classifying, summarizing, interpreting, and communicating financial information. It plays a crucial role in the management and decision-making processes of businesses and organizations.会计是一种系统性的流程，用于识别、记录、度量、分类、总结、解释和传达财务信息。
它在企业和组织的管理和决策过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。
2. Basic Accounting Principles基本会计原则There are several fundamental principles that underpin the field of accounting:有几个基本原则支撑着会计领域：a) Accrual Principle: This principle states that financial transactions should be recorded when they occur and not when the cash is received or paid out.应计原则：该原则规定财务交易应在其发生时记录，而不是在现金收到或支付时记录。
b) Matching Principle: This principle states that expenses should be recognized in the same accounting period as the revenues they help generate.配比原则：该原则规定支出应在与其相关的收入产生的同一会计期间内确认。
会计专业英语知识点
会计专业英语知识点作为一门重要的商科专业，会计在各行各业中都扮演着重要的角色。
对于学习会计的学生来说，掌握好会计专业的英语知识点是非常必要的。
本文将介绍一些与会计专业相关的英语知识点，以帮助学生在学习和实践中更好地应用。
一、会计基础术语1. Assets（资产）：在会计中，资产指的是公司拥有的具有现金价值的资源，包括现金、存货、房地产等。
2. Liabilities（负债）：负债是指公司对外的债务或应付款项，在会计中包括借款、应付账款等。
3. Equity（所有者权益）：也被称为净资产或股东权益，表示公司的所有者对于其资产净值的权益。
4. Revenue（收入）：收入是指公司通过销售产品或提供服务而获得的资金流入。
5. Expenses（费用）：费用是指公司为经营活动而发生的支出，包括租金、工资、税金等。
6. Balance Sheet（资产负债表）：资产负债表是一份会计报表，以资产、负债和所有者权益的形式显示公司的财务状况。
二、会计报表1. Income Statement（利润表）：利润表显示了公司在一定期间内的收入、费用和净利润。
2. Cash Flow Statement（现金流量表）：现金流量表反映了公司在一定期间内现金收入、现金支出以及现金净增加额。
3. Statement of Retained Earnings（留存收益表）：留存收益表展示了公司在一定期间内的净利润和分红情况。
4. Statement of Changes in Equity（权益变动表）：权益变动表展示了公司在一段时间内所有者权益的变化情况，包括净利润、股东投资等。
三、审计和税务1. Audit（审计）：审计是对公司财务报表和财务记录的全面审核和检查。
2. Taxation（税务）：税务是指涉及支付税款和申报纳税义务的活动，包括个人所得税、企业所得税等。
3. Tax Return（纳税申报表）：纳税申报表是个人或企业向税务机关报告收入和纳税情况的文件。
会计英语知识点
会计英语知识点1. 会计英语基础知识会计英语是会计专业学生必备的一门语言技能。
了解会计英语的基础知识对于理解财务报表和参与国际商务交流至关重要。
本文将介绍几个重要的会计英语知识点。
2. 财务报表的英文表达财务报表是会计的核心内容之一。
常见的财务报表有资产负债表（Balance Sheet）、利润表（Income Statement）和现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）。
在财务报表中，资产（Assets）、负债（Liabilities）和所有者权益（Owner's Equity）是三个关键概念。
3. 会计核算方法的英文表达会计核算方法是记录和处理会计业务的规定和方法。
常见的会计核算方法有现金基础会计法（Cash Basis Accounting）和权责发生制会计法（Accrual Basis Accounting）。
4. 会计凭证的英文表达会计凭证是会计记录的依据，用于记录和核实会计业务。
常见的会计凭证有收据（Receipt）、发票（Invoice）、收入凭证（Revenue Voucher）和支出凭证（Expense Voucher）。
5. 会计分录的英文表达会计分录是会计凭证上记录会计业务的方法和格式。
常见的会计分录有借方（Debit）和贷方（Credit），用于记录会计账户的增减情况。
6. 会计报告的英文表达会计报告是对财务状况和经营成果进行汇报的文件。
常见的会计报告有年度报告（Annual Report）和财务分析报告（Financial Analysis Report）。
其中，年度报告包括财务报表和管理层讨论与分析（Management Discussion and Analysis）。
7. 会计伦理的英文表达会计伦理是指会计人员在从事职业活动时应遵循的道德规范。
常见的会计伦理原则有诚实（Honesty）、保密（Confidentiality）和独立性（Independence）。
会计的英语基础知识点汇总
会计的英语基础知识点汇总在当今全球化的经济环境下，对于从事会计工作的人员来说，掌握会计的英语基础知识点是至关重要的。
无论是与外国客户沟通，还是理解国际财务报告准则（IFRS），良好的英语水平都是不可或缺的。
本文将汇总一些重要的会计英语基础知识点，帮助读者更好地应对会计领域的英语交流和阅读。
一、财务报表（Financial Statements）财务报表是一项关键的会计工具，用于向投资者、债权人和其他利益相关方提供关于企业财务状况和经营绩效的信息。
以下是财务报表中常见的几个部分：1. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）- 反映了企业在特定日期上的资产、负债和股东权益。
2. 损益表（Income Statement）- 显示了企业在一定期间内的收入、支出和净利润。
3. 现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）- 描述了企业在一定期间内的现金流入和流出情况。
4. 股东权益变动表（Statement of Changes in Equity）- 显示了一段时间内企业股东权益的变化情况。
二、会计与财务专业术语（Accounting and Financial Terminology）在会计领域，存在大量的专业术语需要掌握。
下面是一些常见的术语：1. 资产（Assets）- 公司拥有的经济资源或预计未来可以带来经济利益的权益。
2. 负债（Liabilities）- 公司的债务或义务，需要在未来偿还或履行。
3. 股东权益（Shareholders' Equity）- 公司资产减去负债后，归属于股东的权益。
4. 应收账款（Accounts Receivable）- 公司向客户出售产品或提供服务后，客户应付款项的金额。
5. 应付账款（Accounts Payable）- 公司未付的债务，包括向供应商购买的产品或接受的服务。
6. 摊销（Amortization）- 非物质性资产（如专利）在其使用寿命内按一定方式分期减值的过程。
会计学英语 知识点
会计学英语知识点是会计专业学生必备的重要技能之一。
掌握的知识点，不仅有助于学生在国际化的会计工作环境中更好地与他人交流和合作，还能够提高职业竞争力。
本文将从的基础词汇、专业术语和文化背景等方面介绍的知识点。
一、基础词汇在学习时，首先需要掌握一些基础词汇。
比如，debit表示借方，credit表示贷方，balance表示余额，financial statements表示财务报表等。
这些基础词汇是理解和运用的基础。
二、会计学专业术语除了基础词汇外，还包括许多专业术语。
例如，income statement表示损益表，balance sheet表示资产负债表，cash flow statement表示现金流量表，auditing表示审计，taxation表示税务等。
掌握这些专业术语可以帮助学生更好地理解和运用会计学知识。
三、的文化背景在学习时，也需要了解相关的文化背景，以便更好地理解和运用。
例如，在国际财务报告准则（IFRS）中，会计估计和会计政策灵活性是很重要的概念。
了解不同国家会计准则的差异以及背后的文化差异，可以帮助学生更好地理解和适应国际化的会计工作环境。
四、实践应用除了纸上谈兵，学生还应该将的知识点应用到实践中。
可以通过参与模拟会计报表编制和分析的活动，了解在实际工作中的应用。
此外，还可以通过阅读的相关文献和参加的培训课程等方式，加深对的理解和掌握。
五、跨文化交流在国际化的会计工作环境中，跨文化交流是必不可少的。
学生不仅需要掌握，还需要了解不同文化背景下的商务礼仪和交流方式。
通过与来自不同文化背景的人员进行合作和交流，可以提高自己的跨文化交际能力，从而更好地适应国际化的会计工作环境。
六、持续学习的学习是一个持续的过程。
随着会计学的不断发展和国际化的趋势，的知识点也在不断更新和扩充。
因此，学生需要保持持续学习的态度，通过不断学习和实践，不断提升自己的水平。
综上所述，是会计专业学生的必备技能之一。
会计英语基础讲义
3）贷款和应收款项；Loans and the accounts receivable; and4）可供出售金融资产。
Financial assets available for sale.一、以公允价值计量且其变动计入当期损益的金融资产Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value and Changes Recorded into Current Period Profit or Loss以公允价值计量且其变动计入当期损益的金融资产，可以进一步分为交易性金融资产和指定为以公允价值计量且其变动计入当期损益的金融资产。
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss could be further divided into financial assets held for trading and financial assets that are designated as financial assets measured at fair value and the changes of which are recorded into current period profit or loss.金融资产满足下列条件之一的，应当划分为交易性金融资产：It should be classified as financial asset held for trading if one of the following conditions is met:（1）取得该金融资产的目的，主要是为了近期内出售。
The purpose of obtaining financial assets is to sell recently.（2）属于进行集中管理的可辨认金融工具组合的一部分，且有客观证据表明企业近期采用短期获利方式对该组合进行管理。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
选择题
(1). A t the end of the accounting period, accounts receivable has a balance of $200,000 and allowance for receivable has a credit balance of $2,500. The amount of net accounts receivable at the end of accounting period is ( B )
A. $2,500
B. $ 197,500
C. $8,500
D. $200,000
(2). The basic purpose of offering customers cash discount is to ( C )
A. increase sales
B. reduce net sales
C. speed up the collection of accounts receivable
D. focus management’s attention upon customers that fail to take advantage of all available cash discount
(3). If a corporation has outstanding 1,000 shares of $9 cumulative
preferred stock of $100 par and dividends have been passed for the preceding three years, what is the amount of preferred dividends that
must be declared in the current year before a dividend can be declared on common stock? ( C )
A. $9,000
B. $27,000
C. $36,000
D. $45,000
(4). The stockholder’s equity section of the balance sheet may include ( D )
A. Common stock
B. Preferred stock
C. Retained earnings
D. All of the above
(5). Declaration and issuance of a dividend in stock ( C )
A. Increases the current ratio
B. Decrease the amount of working capital
C. Decrease total stockholder’s equity
D. Has no effect on total assets, liabilities, or stockholder’s equity
(6). A company declared a cash dividend on its common stock on Dec 15, 2004, payable on Jan 15, 2005. How would this dividend affect shareholder’s equity on the following dates? ( B )
Dec 15 2004 Jan 15 2005
A. Decrease Decrease
B. No effect No effect
C. No effect Increase
D. Decrease No effect
(7). Revenue include ( D )。