三大从句及反义疑问句及其答案

宾语从句语法讲解一、宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。

如：We knew （that）we should learn from each other.2. 由if/whether引导的宾语从句。

如：Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 由who，where，how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。

如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？二、三要素1. 引导词如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。

2. 语序①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。

如：He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。

如：Does he work hard？I wonder.→I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left.3. 时态①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week.②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。

如：He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。

如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。

如：“May I use your knife？”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.“Do you know her telephone number？”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。

主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。

如：Who will give us a talk？I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.Do you know？Where does he live？→Do you know where he lives？四、if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。

因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一下，它们究竟属于哪一类从句。

如：If it rains tomorrow，I won’t come.（时间状语从句）I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）五、从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。

如：She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. →She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。

如：She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。

如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station？→Can you tell me how to get to the station？宾语从句专项练习一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。

1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.3．There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.4．Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?8．Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?9．What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.10．Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.12. What's his name? I asked him.I asked him what _____ _____ _____.13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.二、选择填空。

( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.A. if you are free the next weekB. what colour was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.A. where was he fromB. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come backD. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the carD. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _______________.A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me ___________?A. where do you liveB. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting forD. where you live in( )6. I can't understand ______the boy alone.A. why she leftB. why did she leaveC. why she had leftD. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risesD. had risen( )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he getB.why he getsC.why does he getD. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see __________.A. what was the matterB. what the matter wasC. what the matter isD. what's the matter( )10. He asked his father _______.A. where it happensB. where did it happenC. how it happenedD. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.A. how we should doB. what should we doC. how to do itD. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking( )13.They don't know _______their parents are.A thatB whatC whyD which( )14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set?─ Sorry, I've no idea.A./, boughtB. has, boughtC. did, buyD. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how ,otherD. what, another( )16. ─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes. He ____ to the USA.A. where is he/ has beenB. where he is/ has goneC. where was he/ has beenD. where he was/ has gone( )17. ─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.─Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.A. you have/ will rainB. you will have/ will rainC. you will have/ rainsD. will you have/ rains ( )18. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.A. finds/ arrivesB. finds/ will arriveC. will find/ will arriveD. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what( )20. He asked me _______.A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A. thatB. howC. whatD. if( )22. You must remember _______.A. what your teacher saidB. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said whatD. what has your teacher said( )23. I don”t know ______ .A. which room I can liveB. which room can I liveC. which room I can live inD. which room can I live in( )24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ?－－Sorry , I don”t . When he _______back , I”ll tell you .A. comes ; comesB. comes ; will comeC. will come ; comesD. will come ; will come( )25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.A. tookB. takeC. takesD. will take( )26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never beenD. had never been( )27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.A. hadB. hasC. will haveD. are( )28. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that( )29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. whenD. where( )30. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how三、用合适的连接词填空。