职称英语理工类C级模拟试题及答案解析(20)

职称英语理工类C级模拟试题及答案解析（20）(1/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第1题Mary has blended the ingredients.A.mixedB.madeC.cookedD.eaten下一题(2/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第2题They agreed to modify their policy.A.clarifyB.changeC.defineD.develop上一题下一题(3/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第3题The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September.A.playB.sendC.showD.tell上一题下一题(4/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第4题A notably short man, he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.A.practicallyB.considerablyC.remarkablypletely上一题下一题(5/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第5题The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig上一题下一题(6/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第6题It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow.A.ridiculousB.funnyC.oddD.foolish上一题下一题(7/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第7题A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.A.muddiedB.pollutedC.mixedD.troubled上一题下一题(8/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第8题The room is dim and quiet.A.tinyB.pleasantC.darkD.agreeable上一题下一题(9/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第9题The index is the government's chief gauge of future economic activity.A.measureB.opinionC.evaluationD.decision上一题下一题(10/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第10题It's prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first.A.workableB.sensibleC.possibleD.feasible上一题下一题(11/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第11题He is renowned for his skill.A.rememberedB.recommendedC.praisedD.well-known上一题下一题(12/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第12题You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position.A.maintainB.establishC.acquireD.support上一题下一题(13/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第13题She stood there, trembling with fear.A.jumpingB.cryingC.swayingD.shaking上一题下一题(14/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第14题Medical facilities are being upgraded.A.renewedB.repairedC.improvedD.increased上一题下一题(15/15)词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第15题Mary looked pale and weary.A.gloomyC.sillyD.exhausted上一题下一题(16~22/共7题)阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，清根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A项；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B项；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C项。

New Product Will Save LivesDrinking water that looks clean may still contain bugs (虫子), which can cause illness. A small company called Genera Technologies has produced a testing method in three stages, which shows whether water is safe. The new test shows if water needs chemicals added to it, to destroy anything harmful. It was invented by scientist Dr. Adrian Parton, who started Genera five years ago. He and his employees have developed the test together with a British water company.Andy Headland, Genera's marketing director, recently presented the test at a conference in the USA and forecast good American sales for it. Genera has already sold 11 of its tests at $42,500 a time in the UK and has a further four on order. It expects to sell another 25 tests before the end of March. The company says it is the only test in the UK to be approved by the government.Genera was formed five years ago and until October last year had only five employees. It now employs 14. Mr. Headland believes that the company should make around $19 million by the end of the year in the UK alone.第16题Genera Technologies has developed a method that determines whether water is clean.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned第17题Before he set up Genera, Dr. Parton had worked for a British water company.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned第18题The new product has been a commercial success in the USA.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned第19题Each of the tests costs $42,500.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned第20题Genera Technologies orders 25 more tests before the end of the year.A.RightC.Not mentioned第21题The British government is helping Dr. Parton to sell the tests abroad.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned第22题Genera has increased the number of its employees recently.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned上一题下一题(23~30/共8题)概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题：(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。

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职称英语考试完形填空真题（理工C）

职称英语考试完形填空真题（理工C）职称英语考试完形填空真题(理工C)以下是店铺整理的职称英语考试完形填空真题(理工C)，希望对大家有所帮助Are you single but too busy to search for love? Then you need to try the latest datingphenomenon that is sweeping __________ (51) the UK--speed dating.Speed dating __________ (52) men and women meeting in a room and finding out as much as they can about possible __________ (53) in three minutes. It's proving very __________ (54)with Britain's young people who find that they haven't got the time to meet that special one.At a speed dating event you are given three minutes to talk, __________ (55), with a member of the opposite sex. Then a bell is __________ (56) and you move to another person and start chatting again. By the end of the evening you will have spoken with up to twenty men or women!If, by the end of a conversation, you __________ (57) the person or would like to see him or her again, you write it __________ (58) on a card. Then, if the other person also fancies you, the organizers will contact you with their details.But is three minutes long enough to make an impression and __________ (59) if you want to see someone again? Research suggests that __________ (60) can be felt within the first thirty seconds of meeting someone, and that is __________ (61) speed dating is all about, knowing quickly if you are going to like someone.And what about romance? Is it possible to make a good__________ (62) in such a short time? __________ (63), people say you can't hurry love. However, Britain will soon have its first marriage from a speed date.So, if you are on a __________ (64) to find Mr. or Miss Right, what have you got to lose?__________ (65), you still go home on your own. But at best, the person of your dreams could be just three minutes away.51. A. offB. acrossC. overD. through52. A. requiresB. inquiresC. revolvesD. involves53. A. partnersB. spousesC. friendsD. counterparts54. A. practicalB. popularC. favorableD. normal55. A. all in oneB. one after oneC. one on oneD. one and all56. A. knockedB. shakenC. swung57. A. attractB. enjoyC. chaseD. fancy58. A. downB. offC. upD. back59. A. work onB. workoutC. work atD. work up60. A. emotionB. sentimentC. chemistryD. attachment61. A. howB. whatC. allD. where62. A. conclusionB. reflectionC. guessD. judgment63. A. In allB. After allC. Of allD. And all64. A. tourC. directionD. mission65. A. At lastB. At firstC. At worstD. At end【答案与解析】51.B。

职称英语模拟试题及答案理工类C级强化

XX年职称英语模拟试题及答案理工类C级强化xx备考开始拉开序幕，为了帮助大家更好地备考，以下是网的关于职称英语模拟试题及答案理工类C级强化，供大家备考。

1 Scientists recently made public the tiniest electric motor ever1 built. You could stuff hundreds of them into the period at the end of this sentence. One day a similar engine might power a tiny mechanical doctor that would travel through your body to remove your disease.2 The motor works by shuffling atoms between two molten metal droplets in a carbon nanotube. One droplet is even smaller than the other. When a small electric current is applied to the droplets, atoms slowly get out of the larger droplet and join the smaller one. The small droplet grows — but never gets as big as the other droplet — and eventually bumps into the large droplet. As they touch, the large droplet rapidly sops up the atoms it had previously lost. This quick shift in energy produces a power stroke2.3 The technique exploits the fact that surface tension — the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating — bees more important at small scales3. Surface tension is the same thing that allows some insects to walk on water.4 Although the amount of energy produced is small — 20 microwatt s — it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor4. The whole setup5 is less than 200 nanometers on a side, or hundreds of times smaller than thewidth of a human hair. If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine6, it would be too million times more powerful than a Toyota Camry’s 225 horsepower V6 engine.5 In 1988, Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating micromotor, which was 100 microns across7, or about the thickness of a human hair. In xx, Zettl’s group created the first nanoscale motor. In xx, they built a nanoconveyor, which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factory.6 Nanotechnology engineers try to mimic nature,building things atom-by-atom. Among other things, nanomotors could be used in optical circuits to redirect light, a process called optical switching. Futurists envision a day when nanomachines, powered by nanomotors, travel inside your body to find disease and repair damaged cells.词汇: shuffle /5FQfl/v.来回运动 nanometer/5neinE7mi:tE/n.纳米，毫微米 molten /5mEultEn/adj.熔化的micromotor n.微电机 droplet /5drCplit/n.小滴 nanotube n.纳米管 roycvnoconan n.纳米传送带 nanotechnology n.纳米技术bump /bQmp/v.碰撞 mimic / 5mimik/n.模仿 sop /sCp/v.吸入stroke /strEuk/n.行程，冲积 microwatt /5maikrEuwCt/n.微瓦nanomotor n.纳米发动机nanomachine n.纳米机器注释:1. ever:比以往任何时候，曾经。

2020年职称英语理工类C级真题及答案

2020年职称英语理工类C级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)：下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me.A. seizedB. threwC. brokeD. stretched2. Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8：00 and 9：00 in the morning.A. borderB. goalC. peakD. level3. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A. rightB. obviousC. unbelievableD. unclear4. I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events.A. bringB. separateC. putD. set5. We found shelter from the rain under the trees.A. defenseB. standingC. protectionD. room6. This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.A. openB. cruelC. suddenD. direct7. She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A. worriedB. sleepyC. offensiveD. anxious8. We have to change the public's perception that money is everything.A. sightB. beliefC. interestD. pressure9. The odd thing was that he didn't recognize me.A. realB. wholeC. strangeD. same10. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company.A. taughtB. keptC. attractedD. changed。

职称英语理工类c级真题及答案

2011年职称英语理工类C级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.The company has the right to end his employment at any time.A.provideB.stopC.offerD.continue2.In the process， the light energy converts to heat energy.A.reducesB.dropsC.leavesD.changes3. She gave upher job and started writing poetry.A.abandonedB.lostC.tookD.created4. We are happy to report that business is boomingthis year.A.riskyB.successfulC.failingD.open5. We have been through some roughtimes together.A.longB.happyC.difficultD.short6.The thief was finally capturedtwo miles away from the village.A.foundB.killedC.jailedD.caught7. What are my chances of promotion if I stay here？A.retirementB.advertisementC.replacementD.advancement8. I propose that we discuss this at the next meeting.A.suggestB.demandC.orderD.request9. Rodman met with Tony to try and settle the dispute over his contract.A.solveB.avoidC.markD.involve10.Can you give a concrete example to support your idea？A.specificB.realC.specialD.good11.It was a fascinating pairing， with clever use of color and light.rgeB.wonderfulC.newD.familiar12.We have seen a markedshift in our approach to the social issues.A.quickB.regularC.clearD.great13.1 was shockedwhen I saw the size of the telephone bill.A.excitedB.angryC.lostD.surprised14.The police took fingerprints and identifiedthe body.A.recognizedB.missedC.discoveredD.touched15.If we lcave now， we should missthe traffic.A.mixB.stopC.avoidD.direct$pager$第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.A Great Quake Coming?Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bav area.Theyhadkeen devastating in 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28.000 buildings andkilled hundreds，perhaps thousands of people. Residents now wonder when the next"big one"willstrike.It's bound to happen someday.At least seven active fault（断层）lines run through the SanFrancisco area.Faults are places where pieces of earth's crust（地壳）slide past each other.Whenthese pieces slip，the ground shakes.To prepare for that day.scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens. One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time.During small earthquakes，faults rupture at about 2.7 kilometersper second.During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometersper second.At such high speeds，massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself.Luckyfor San Fancisco，these pressure pulses（脉冲）traveled alway from the city duffng the 1906 event.As bad as the damage was，it could have been farWorse.Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur.Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906 event. Since then，the area has been relatively quiet.Pattems in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the bay area before 2032 is at least 62 percent. New buildings in san Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes.Still，more than 84 percent of the city's buildings are old and weak.Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage.People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty qmet for a while.Accoeding to the new research，however，it's not a matter of whether the big one will hit. It's just a matter of when.16. The San Francisco area is located aboveseveral active fault lines.A.rightB.wrongC.not mentiond17.The 1906 earthquake in San Francisco is the most severe one in American history.A.fightB.wrongC.not mentioned18.The highest speed of fault ruptures in the 1906 quake was more than 3.5 kilometers per secondA.fightB.wrongC.not mentioned19.Earthquakes rarely happened in San Francisco before 1906.A.fightB.wrongC.not mentioned20.San Francisco is fully prepared for anotherbig earthquake.A.rightB.wrongC.not mentioned21.Scientists will be able to predict the exact time of an earthquake soon.A.rightB.wrongC.not mentioned22.A major earthquake striking San Francisco someday is inevitable.A.rightB.wrongC.not mentiond$pager$第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

职称英语理工类C真题及

2021 年职称英语理工类 C 真题及答案第一局部：词汇选项1、The weather last summer was awful.A badB fairC dryD hot2、The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A messageB guiltC obligationD punishment3、My piano playing has improved significantly since Ihad a new teacher.A definitelyB generallyC certainlyD greatly4、There is a need for radical changes in education.A revolutionaryB long-termC short-termD systematic’m not able to put any of my5、It frustrates me that Iideas into practice.A discouragesB showsC surprisesD frightens6、I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limitB fearC powerD fool7、He tried to assemble his thoughts.A gatherB clearC shareD spare9、The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A hideB handleC discloseD establish10、Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy.A wayB factorC objectiveD source11、He said some harsh words about his brother.A properB unkindC normalD unclear12、Under the terms of the contract, you must give 3 months’ notice before you leave.A subjectsB expressionsC wordsD rules13、Don’t tempt thieves by leaving valuables clearly visible.A alarmB catchC spotD attract14、When did you first encounter these difficulties?A createB presentC experienceD resolve15、We need to identify the potential problems.A possibleB mainC immediateD common第二局部：阅读判断ADHD Linked to Air PollutantsChildren have an increased risk of attention problems seen as early as grade school , if their moms inhaled( certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant. That's the finding of a new study. Released when things aren't burned completely, this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or PAHs. The biggest sources of these PAHs：the burning of fossil fuels, wood and trash.，吸入 )aFrederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health in New York City. She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children'shealth. In a new study , she and her team studied the exposureto air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women inNew York City. Because burning tobacco can spew(排放) PAHs into the air and lungs, Perera's team focused on nonsmokers.The researchers wanted to probe(探查) other sources of PAHs, ones that would have been hard for an individual to avoid.The team started by testing the blood of each womanduring pregnancy. The reason：Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb. Nine yearslater, the researchers investigated signs of attentionproblems in these children, now age 9. They asked eachchild's mother a series of questions. These included whetherher child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的 ) mental effort, such as homework or games with friends.The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble followinginstructions or made frequent, careless mistakes. All ofthese can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD. About one in 10 U.S.children has ADHD.Among the women studied, traffic and home heating werethe primary sources of air pollution exposure, Perera and herteam suspect. Some of these women had low levels of PAHsin their blood. Others had high levels. Those with high levelswere five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9. The new findings were publishedNovember 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.16.Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over AmericaA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned17.The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects'physical health.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned18.Nonsmoking mothers were selected because theeffect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned19.The blood of each women was tested once a month during pregnancy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned20.Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned21.The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHDA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned22.Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned第三局部：概况大意与完成句子New research lights the way to super-fast computers1)New research published today in the journal Nature Communications, has demonstrated how glass can be manipulated to create a material that will allow computers to transfer information using light. This development could significantly increase computer processing speeds and power in the future.2)The research by the University of Surrey, in collaboration with the University of Cambridge and the University of Southampton, has found it is possible to change the electronic properties of amorphous chalcogenides, a glass material integral to data technologies such as CDs and DVDs. By using a technique called ion doping, the team of researchers have discovered a material that could use light to bring together different computing functions into one component, leading to all-optical systems.3)Computers currently use electrons to transfer information and process applications. On the other hand, data sources such as the internet rely on optical systems; the transfer of information using light. Optical fibres are usedto send information around the world at the speed of light,but these signals then have to be converted to electrical signal sonce they reach a computer, causing a significant slowdown in processing.4)"The challenge is to find a single material that can effectively use and control light to carry information arounda computer. Much like how the web uses light to deliver information, we want to use light to both deliver and process computer data," said project leader, Dr Richard Curry of the University of Surrey.5)"This has eluded researchers for decades, but now we have now shown how a widely used glass can be manipulated to conduct negative electrons, as well as positive charges, creating what are known as 'pn-junction' devices. This should enable the material to act as a light source, a light guideand a light detector - something that can carry and interpret optical information. In doing so, this could transform the computers of tomorrow, allowing them to effectively process information at much faster speeds."6)The researchers expect that the results of this research will be integrated into computers within ten years.In the short term, the glass is already being developed and used in next-generation computer memory technology known as CRAM, which may ultimately be integrated with the advances reported.23 Paragraph 2 _____24 Paragraph 3 _____25 Paragraph 4 _____26 Paragraph 5 _____A. Expectation of the discoveryB. the problem of current computersC. A new findingD. The purpose of the researchE. Public reaction to the discoveryF. The use of the new material27.The result of the research can help computers to increase _____28.Current computers transfer information using _____29.The new glass material makes it possible tofulfill different computing function _____30.Glass is used in the research to carry and process _____A. optical informationB. processing speedsC.electronsD.positive chargesE.data technologiesF.all-optical systems第四局部：阅读理解Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker.Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure?Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affectsthe health of the human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under thecanopy( 树冠 )of taller indigenous( 土生土长的 )trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting theland to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increasesproduction because more coffee bushes can be planted if therearen ’t any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birdsnest and hide from predators( 捕食者 )in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then thebirds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicalskill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. Wecan support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and "bird friendly." Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health ofthe birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it'sworth it.31.What is the main idea of this passage?A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C. Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.D. People should buy shade-grown coffee.32.The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 is to show_____.A. the positive effects of coffee.B. a change of coffee growth.C. something that is the most important.D. how coffee production used to be33.What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?A. More insects.B. Better quality coffee.C. Larger farms.D. Higher profits.34.How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?A. They buy more land from other farmers.B. They cut down trees.C. They move to another country.D. They turn grassland into farmland.35.The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT_____ full sunA.insects.B.air.C.birds.D.humansSoot( 煤烟灰 )and Snow： a Hot CombinationNew research from NASA scientists suggests emissionsof black soot after the way sunlight reflects off snow.According to a computer simulation, black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warmingover the past century.Soot in the higher latitudes(维度)of the Earth, where ice is more common, absorbs more of the sun's energy and warmth than an icy, white background. Dark-colored black carbon, or soot, absorbs sunlight, while lighter colored ice reflectssunlight.Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an importantrole in climate change. Also, if snow and ice covered areasbegin melting, the warming effect increase, as the sootbecomes more concentrated on the snow surface." This providesa positive feedback, as glaciers and ice sheets melt, theytend to get even dirtier." said Dr. James Hansen, aresearcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies,New York.Hansen found soot's effect on snow albedo(反照率), which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in theNorthern Hemisphere, such as thinning Arctic sea ice andmelting glaciers permafrost. Soot also is believed to play a rolein changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land."Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected bysnow back into space, thus heading the snow surface more thanif there were no black carbon, " Hansen said. Soot's increased absorption of solar energy is especially effectivein warming the world's climate." This forcing is unusuallyeffective, causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude." Hansen noted.Hansen cautioned, although the role of soot in alteringglobal climate is substantial, it does not alter the factthat greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climatewarming during the past century. Such gases are expected tobi the largest climate forcing for the rest of the century.The researchers found that observed warming in theNorthern Hermisphere was large in the winter and spring atmiddle and high latitudes. These observations were coherentwith the researchers' climate model situations, which showedsome of the largest warming effects occurred when therewere heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.36.Which of the following statements of soot is NOT true?A. It absorbs sun's heat.B. It is responsible for climate change.C. It reflects sunlight.D. It may account for a quarter of global warming over the past century.37.Which of the following areas shows a greater warming effect?A. Ice sea areas.B. Areas with black carbon.C. Areas covered with white snow.D. Melting glaciers.38."This forcing" in Paragraph 5 refers to?A. sun's heating on snow surface.B. soot's increased absorption of solar energy.C. carbon-dioxide's warming effect.D. snow's increased reflection of sunlight.39.What is the main cause of climate warming duringthe past century?A.Soot.B.Snow.C.Greenhouse gases.D.Wind.40.The largest warming effects happened in the Northern Hemisphere withA. X sea ice and insufficient sunlight.B. light snow cover and sufficient sunlight.C. heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.D. thick sea ice and insufficient sunlight.A record-breaking powerA Record-Breaking RoverNASA’s Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before —at least in terms of distance. Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004, Opportunity has traveled 25.01 miles, more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world.On July 27, after years of moving about on Martian ground, the golf-cart-sized Opportunity had driven more than 24 miles, beating the previous record holder —a Soviet rover sent to the moon in 1973.“This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designed for distance, 〞 says John Callas, the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.He works at NASA ’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Cali fornia. “But what is really importantly is not how manymiles the rover has racked up, but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance.〞OPPORTUNITYThe solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover, Spirit,landed on Mars 10 years ago on a mission expected to last3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientistslearn more about the planet and to search for signs of life ， such as the possible presence of water.Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2021, afew months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.During its mission, Opportunity has captured, and sent backto Earth, some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images ofMars with its cameras. It has also provided scientistswith data on the planet ’s atmosphere, soil, rocks, andterrain.MARATHON ROVERThe rover doesn ’t seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on, it will reach another majorinvestigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles.Scientists call this site Marathon Valley, because when therover reaches the area, it will have traveled the samedistance as the length of a marathon since its arrival onMars.Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars ’s ancient environment1. Opportunity ’s continuing travels will also help researchers as they plan for an eventual human mission tothe Red Planet.41.Opportunity is a record breaking rover in the senseof_____.A. how long is has stayed in spaceB. how far it has traveledC. how much investment it has involvedD. how many facilities it has been equipped with42. What does John Callas say about Opportunity ’s long distance travel?A. It hasn’t met scientists’ expectation yetB .It hasn’t been appreciated appropriatelyC .It is secondary to what has been discoveredD .It is what scientists have been aiming at43.One of the objectives of sending Opportunityand Spirit is to_____.A. collect soil and send back to EarthB. develop multinational space explorationC. test how well solar-powered rovers work in outer spaceD. look for the possible presence of life44.Which of the following statements is trueof Opportunity?A. It will come back to earth soon.B. Another rover will be sent to replace it.C. It is travelling to XX(看不清，其余选项错误)D. It will work with other rovers exploring Mars45.暂缺第五局部：补全短文Explore JordanWadi Rum is the name given to a valley cut intothe sandstone and hard rock in southwest Jordan._______________46 The name Rum most likely comes from an Aramaic word meaning“high〞or“elevated〞, The area around Wadi Rum is now also one of Jordan’s most important tourist destinations, and attracts an increasing number offoreign tourists, particularly trekkers(越野者)，but also for camel safaris( 旅行 ) or simply day-trippers from Aqaba orPetra. In contrast, there are almost no local or Arabtourists through nearby disi attracts young people from Ammanat the weekends.Popular activities in the desert environment includecamping under the stars, riding Arab horses, and rock-climbing amongst the massive rock formations. Jebal Rum(Jebal means mountain) is 1,574 meters above sea level.___________47But Jordan is not simply a desert environment-----it also contains the area which is the lowest point to the face ofthe Earth----the incredible Dead Sea, popular with touristsfor swimming. _______48 Once the waters reach the Dead Sea they are landlocked and have nowhere to go, so they evaporate, leaving behind a dense, rich cocktail(混合的) of salts and minerals that supply industry, agriculture and medicine withsome of its finest products. Once again, tourists benefit andcan participate in water spa treatments and water therapies.The Dead Sea is located in the syro-African Rift, a4,000- mile fault line in the Earth’s crust. The lowest point of dry land on Earth is the shoreline of the Dead Sea at1,300 feet below sea level. Because the lake is at the lowestpoint, this means that water does not drain from it. ______49Figures for the Dead Sea ’s salinity( 盐度 ) today range from 25% to 35%.But the greatest tourist attraction is the incredible cityof Petra.______50 It is a vast unique city, carved intothe sheer rock face by the Nabataeans, an industrious Arab people who settled here more than 2,000 years ago, turningit into an important junction for the silk, spice and othertrade routes that linked China India and southern Arabia with Egypt, Syria, Greece and Rome. Today, visitors can marvel atthe architecture and explore life as it was thousands ofyears ago.A It is the largest wadi (riverbed) in Jordan.B It is the second highest peak in Jordan, risingdirectly above the Rum valley opposite Jebal Urn Ishrin.C This vast stretch of water receives a numberof incoming rivers, including the River Jordan.D The area has been used as a background setting ina number of films.E Every day seven million tons of water evaporate fromthe lake, but the minerals remain causing the salt content to increase.F It is without doubt Jordan’s most valuable treasure.第六局部：完形填空Rescue PlatformIn the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, security experts are trying to develop new ways ofrescuing people from burning skyscrapers. One _______(51)is a platform capable of flying vertically and hovering inthe air _______ (52)a helicopter. The platform would rise upand down alongside a skyscraper and pick up people _______(53) in high stories.The idea for the vertical takeoff platform was hatched(策划) more than ten years ago by a Russian aerospace engineer,David Metreveli, who has since moved to Israel. Metreveli'sdesign, _______(54) the Eagle, calls for two jet enginesthat_______(55) four large horizontal propellers. Thespinning of the propellers _______(56) the necessary lift, orupward force, to raise the platform. The more _______(57)issupplied to the propellers, the higher the platform_______(58). Moving the platform sideways involves _______(59) differing amounts of power to each propeller.Helicopters are now used in some _______(60) to getpeople out of burning buildings. Escape baskets slung fromthem dangle beside the building for people to climb into._______(61), the baskets cannot reach every floor of abuilding_______ (62)the ropes from which they hang becomeunstable _______(63) a certain length.So far, Metreveli has built a small-scale model of theEagle to _______(64)his idea. In the wake of September 11,hehas been able to secure enough funding to start building alarger,4-meter by 4-meter prototype, _______(65)he calls the Eaglet.51.A idea B skill C building D improvement52.A silks B unlike C like D likely53.A rise B trapped C climbed D raised54.A linked B called C equaled D described55.A change B move C turn D shut56.A sends B keeps C opens D generates57.A power B sense C feature D model58.A stays B rises C stars D runs59.A reducing B comparing C developing D applying60.A kinds B cases C stories D products61.A Unfortunately B Uncertainly C Unimportantly D Unexpectedly62.A before B because C until D however63.A beyond B under C off D on64.A tell B tell C discuss D report65.A who B which C where D what2021 年职称英语考试理工类 C 级参考答案：第1 局部：词汇选项 ( 第 1～15 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分) 1-5. A D D A A6-10. B A B C A11-15. B D D C A第 2 局部：阅读判断 ( 第 16～22 题，每题 l 分，共 7 分)16-22. B B B C C A A第 3 局部：概括大意与完成句子( 第 23— 30 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分)23-26. C B D F27-30. B C D A第4 局部：阅读理解 ( 第 31—45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分)31-35. DBD B B36-40. C B B C C41-44. B B D C第5 局部：补全短文 ( 第 46～50 题，每题 2 分，共 10 分)46-50. A B C E D第 6 局部：完型填空 ( 第 51～65 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)51-55. A C B B C 56-60. D A B D B 61-65. A B A B B。

2020年职称英语理工类C级阅读理解历年真题及解析

2020年职称英语理工类C级阅读理解历年真题及解析第一篇Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee is good for health, they're usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under thecanopy ( 树冠 ) of taller indigenous (土生土长的) trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America aredeforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can beplanted if there aren't any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unfortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat.Native birds nest and hide from predators (捕食者) in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicalskill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, farmers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as "shade grown" and"bird friendly". Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But we're paying for the health of the birds, the land, ourselves, and the planet. I think it's worth it.31. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C. Shade-grown coffee is more expensive than sun-grown coffee.D. People should buy shade-grown coffee.32. The function of the word "Traditionally" in Paragraph 2 is to show __________.A. the positive effects of coffeeB. a change of coffee growthC. something that is the most importantD. how coffee production used to be33. What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?A. more insectsB. better quality coffeeC. larger farmsD. higher profits34. How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?A. They buy more land from other farmers.B. They cut down trees.C. They move to another country.D. They turn grassland into farmland.35. The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT __________.A. insectsB. airC. birdsD. humans第二篇Soot (煤烟灰) and Snow： a Hot CombinationNew research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snow. According to a computer simulation, black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.Soot in the higher latitudes (纬度) of the Earth, where ice is more common, absorbs more of the sun's energy and warmth than an icy, white background. Dark-colored blackcarbon, or soot,absorbs sunlight, while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.Soot in areas with snow and ice may play an importantrole in climate change. Also, if snow and ice covered areas begin melting, the warming effect increases, as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface. "This provides a positive feedback, as glaciers and ice sheets melt, they tend to get even dirtier," said Dr. James Hansen, a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York.Hansen found soot's effect on snow albedo (反照率), which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere, such as thinning Arctic sea ice and melting glaciers permafi：ost. Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land."Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space, thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon," Hansen said. Soot's increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world's climate. "This forcing is unusually effective, causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude," Hansen noted.Hansen cautioned, although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial, it does not alter the factthat greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century. Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing for the rest of the century.The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was large in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes. These observations were coherent with the researchers' climate model situations, which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.36. Which of the following statements of soot is NOT true?A. It absorbs sun's heat.B. It is responsible for climate change.C. It reflects sunlight.D. It may account for a quarter of global warming overthe past century.37. Which of the following areas shows a greater warming effect?A. Ice sea areas.B. Areas with black carbon.C. Areas covered with white snow.D. Melting glaciers.38. "This forcing" in Paragraph 5 refers to __________.A. sun's heating on snow surfaceB. soot's increased absorption of solar energyC. carbon-dioxide's warming effectD. snow's increased reflection of sunlight39. What is the main cause of climate warming during the past century?A. Soot.B. Snow.C. Greenhouse gases.D. Wind.40. The largest warming effects happened in the Northern Hemisphere with __________.A. thinning sea ice and insufficient sunlightB. light snow cover and sufficient sunlightC. heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlightD. thick sea ice and insufficient sunlight第三篇A Record-Breaking RoverNASA's Mars rover Opportunity has boldly gone where no rover has gone before-- at least in terms of distance. Since arriving on the Red Planet in 2004, Opportunity has traveled 25.01 miles,more than any other wheeled vehicle has on another world. On July 27, after years of moving about on Martian ground, the golf-cart：sized Opportunity had driven more than 24 miles, beating the previous record holder--a Soviet rover sent to the moon in 1973."This is so remarkable considering Opportunity was intended to drive about 1 kilometer and was never designedfor distance," says John Callas, the Mars Exploration Rover Project Manager.He works at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. "But what is really important is not how many miles the rover has racked up, but how much exploration and discovery we have accomplished over that distance."OpportunityThe solar-powered Opportunity and its twin rover, Spirit, landed on Mars I0 years ago on a mission expected to last 3 months. The objective of the rovers was to help scientists learn more about the planet and to search for signs of life, such as the possible presence of water.Spirit stopped communicating with Earth in March 2020, a few months after it got stuck in a sand pit. But Opportunity has continued to collect and analyze Martian soil and rocks.During its mission, Opportunity has captured, and sent back to Earth, some 187,000 panoramic and microscopic images of Mars with its cameras. It has also provided scientists with data on the planet's atmosphere, soil, rocks, and terrain.Marathon Rover The rover doesn't seem to be ready to stop just yet. If Opportunity can continue on, it will reach another major investigation site when its odometer hits 26.2 miles. Scientists call this site Marathon Valley, because when the rover reaches the area, it will have traveled the same distance as the length of a marathon since its arrival on Mars.Researchers believe that clay minerals exposed near Marathon Valley could hold clues to Mars's ancient environment. Opportunity's continuing travels will also help researchers as they plan for an eventual human mission to the Red Planet.41. Opportunity is a record-breaking rover in the sense of __________.A. how long it has stayed in spaceB. how far it has traveledC. how much investment it has involvedD. how many facilities it has been equipped with42. What does John Callas say about Opportunity's long distance travel?A. It hasn't met scientists' expectation yet.B. It hasn't been appreciated appropriately.C. It is secondary to what has been discovered.D. It is what scientists have been aiming at.43. One of the objectives of sending Opportunity and Spirit to Mars is to__________.A. collect soil and send back to EarthB. develop multinational space experimentsC. test how well solar-powered rovers work in solar spaceD. look for the possible presence of life44. Which of the following statements is TRUE of Opportunity?A. It will come back to Earth soon.B. Another rover will be sent to replace it.C. It is traveling to another important star.D. It will work with other rovers exploring Mars.45. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that__________.A. experts know how far Opportunity will walk on MarsB. researchers are working on sending many rovers to MarsC. Mars' ancient environment might be explored with the help of OpportunityD. Opportunity is supposed to collect clay minerals from Marathon Valley2020年真题第一篇Approaches to Understanding IntelligencesIt pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way. You may be a talented musician,but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is different. Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or personal abilities. Psychologists have two different views on intelligence. Some believe there is one general intelligence. Others believe there are many different intelligences.Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests.These psychologists support their view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests. They do well on tests using words,numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests, and written or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence. The brain of intelligent people use less energy during problem solving. The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction. Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligence result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain.Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education, has four children. He believes that all children are different and shouldn't be tested by one intelligence test. Although Gardner believes general intelligence exists, he doesn't think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling. He thinks that the human mind has different intelligences.These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life. Each of us has different abilities within these intelligences. Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences.Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For example, when one .part of the brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talk because of brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one intelligence to lose. Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence： linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic( 身体动觉的), and naturalistic.31. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How to understand intelligence.B. The importance of intelligence.C. The development of intelligence tests.D. How to become intelligent.32. Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence?A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.B. People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests.C. Intelligent people do not do well on group tests.D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.33. Gardner believes thatA. children have different intelligencesB. all children are alikeC. children should take one intelligence testD. there is no general intelligence34. According to Gardner, schools should __________.A. test students' IQsB. train students who do poorly on testsC. focus on finding the most intelligent studentsD. promote development of all intelligences35. Gardner thinks that his theory has a __________.A. musical foundationB. biological foundationC. intrapersonal foundationD. linguistic foundation第二篇Compact DisksIf someone says to you your music CDs don't really hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, you may not believe it. In fact, he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers--a digital code. The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps ( 隆起 )on a long spiral track almost five kilometers long. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns (微米) wide.A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers.Space probes (探测仪) communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune in to specific signals using these codes.There are many types of compact disks. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on (rewritten on) as you would do with a floppy disk (软盘). Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code. CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc--Read Only Memory. This disk is like a "super"floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs areconsidered to be CD-ROMs.CDs were first sold to the public in 1982. These CDsstill play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expected tolast between 70 to 200 years. Of course, you can make sureyour CDs last a long time by taking care of them.Science keeps on developing. It may not be many moreyears before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening toyour favorite music on CDs and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.36. Music is recorded onto CDs as __________.A. laser beamsB. digital codesC. musical notesD. special sounds37. E-mail is mentioned in the third paragraph to show__________.A. the variety of digital communicationsB. the development of new technologiesC. the usefulness of digital codesD. the relationship between communication and technology38. One of the differences between CD-RWs and CD-ROMs is__________.A. CD-ROMs can be used for longer timeB. CD-ROMs cannot be rewritten onC. CD-RWs hold more informationD. CD-RWs are merely used for music recording39. CDs can last a long time if__________.A. they are seldom usedB. they play well and sound fineC. their users take good care of themD. they are developed with new technology40. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.A. CD-ROMs are more expensive than other CDsB. new technology for music recording is being developedC. the author likes listening to musicD. floppy disks are no longer in use第三篇MusicMusic is one of the most beautiful forms of artistic expressions ever invented. In movies and plays, music has an added function： it not only moves people but also can shock people.Our eardrums can withstand sound within 20 to 80 decibels (分贝 ) . Once sound exceeds this limit, even beautiful music will become car-splitting noise and harm health. A strong blast ( 响声 ) of high sound can twist and break a solid iron sheet. High sound of 150 decibels can kill a healthy rat.In movies, sometimes the hero can produce a sound that ordinary people can't hear and only those who have the same ability can feel. In nature, there is actually sound that is beyond our hearing. In physics, the sound that exceeds 20,000 hz is called ultrasonic (超音波的). Dolphins,whales and bats can make such high-frequency sound. It does no harm to health.Sound less than 20 hz is called infrasonic ( 次声 ) waves. When we move, the air will vibrate.The vibration of air can produce infrasonic waves. As the frequency of infrasonic waves is close to that of people's internal organs, infrasonic wave may cause resonance (共振)in human bodies. As a result, people's vision may weaken and internal organs may rupture (断裂). However, whether an infrasonic wave can be used as a weapon depends on its intensity. If its intensity is very low, it won't damage internal organs or a person's health. If the intensity of infrasonic wave exceeds 160 decibels, it is extremely harmful. When wind blows at a force of 3 or 4 over the sea, it will produce infrasonic waves of several decibels. Only typhoons can produce infrasonic waves of over 100 decibels. At present, scientists can only produce infrasonic weapons in the labwith the help of advanced scientific tools and powerfulelectric power.41. What could be the best title of the passage?A. The power of music.B. The harms of noises.C. The magic of sound.D. The discovery of infrasonic waves.42. What does the author say about music?A. It may be harmful to people's health.B. It always cheers people up.C. It is very often difficult to understand.D. It sounds better when it is loud enough.43. It is ture that the sound__________.A. of nature is the most beautifulB. of high intensity benefits animalsC. in movies is pleasing to the earD. over 80 decibels is harmful to people44. An ultrasonic sound__________.A. is very loudB. does harm to people's healthC. is produced by the hero in moviesD. cannot be heard by people45. It can be found from the last paragraph that infrasonic waves __________.A. are harmless to people's healthB. exist in people's intemal organsC. can be used as deadly weaponsD. can improve eyesight2020年真题第一篇Energy and Public LandsThe United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of US energy production, the US Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing (租凭)both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf Production from these sources amounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production.In 2000,32 percent of US oil,35 percent of natural gas, and 37 percent of coal were produced from federal lands, representing 20,000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases.Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undiscovered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas.Revenues from federal oil, gas, and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State Government. In 1999, for example, $553 million in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury, and non-India coal leases accounted for over $304 million in revenues, of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery.Each year, federal land managers authorize rights of way for transmission lines, rail systems,pipelines, and other facilities related to energy production and use.Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy production,though the amount is still significant. For example, federal geothermal (地热) resources produce about 7.5 billion kilowatt-hours (千瓦时) of electricity per year,47 percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2,960 wind turbines on public lands in California alone, producing electricity for about 300,000 people. Federal hydropower facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public unease with influence on foreign off sources, pressure on public lands to meet US energy demand is becoming more intense.Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process. If development of energy resources conflicts with management or use of other resources, developmentrestrictions or impact moderation measures may be enforced, or mineral be banned altogether.31. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Public lands are one of the main sources of revenues.B. Public lands play an important role in energy production.C. Public lands should be developed to ease energy shortage.D. Public lands store huge energy resources for further development.32. Which of the following statements is true of public lands in the U.S.?A. The majority of undiscovered natural gas is stored there.B. Half of US energy is produced there.C. Most of coal was produced from there in 2000.D. Most energy resources are reserved there.33. Geothermal resources, wind turbines, and hydropower facilities in Paragraph 4 cited as examples to illustratethat __________.A. the amount of alternative energy production from public lands is hugeB. alternative energy production is no less than conventional energy productionC. they are the most typical conventional energy resources from public landsD. geothermal resources are more important than the other two34. There is a mounting pressure on public lands to satisfy US energy demands because __________.A. the U.S. is demanding more and more energyB. many Americans are unhappy with energy development in foreign countriesC. quite a few public lands are banned for energy developmentD. many Americans think public lands are being abused35. Public lands can be used for energy development when __________.A. energy development restrictions are effectiveB. federal land managers grant permissionsC. they go through the land use planning processD. there is enough federal budget第二篇Putting Plants to WorkUsing the power of the sun is nothing new. People have had solar-powered calculators and buildings with solar panels (太阳能电池板) for decades. But plants are the real experts. They've been using sunlight as an energy source for billions of years.Cells in the green leaves of plants work like tiny factories to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), and water into sugars and starches( 淀粉 ), stored energy that the plants can use. This conversion process is called photosynthesis (光合作用 ) . Unfortunately, unless you're a plant, it's difficult and expensive to convert sunlight intostorable energy. That's why scientists are taking a closer look at exactly how plants do it.Some scientists are trying to get plants, or biological cells that act like plants, to work as very small photosynthesis power stations. For example, Maria Ghirardi of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colo, is working with green algae (水藻). She's trying to trick them into producing hydrogen instead of sugars when they perform photosynthesis. Once the researchers can get the algae working efficiently, the hydrogen that they produce could be used to power fuel cells in cars or to generate electricity.The algae are grown in narrow-necked glass bottles to produce hydrogen in the lab. During photosynthesis, plants normally make sugars or starches. "But under certain conditions, a lot of algae are able to use the sunlight energy not to store starch, but to make hydrogen," Ghirardi says.For example, algae will produce hydrogen in an airfree environment. It's the oxygen in the air that prevents algae from making hydrogen most of the time.Working in an airfree environment, however, is difficult. It's not a practical way to produce cheap energy. But Ghirardi and her colleagues have discovered that by removing a chemical called sulfate ( 硫酸盐) from the environment that the algae grow in, they will make hydrogen instead of sugars, even when air is present.Unfortunately, removing the sulfate also makes thealgae's cells work very slowly, and not much hydrogen isproduced. Still, the researchers see this as a first step in their goal to produce hydrogen efficiently from algae. With more work, they may be able to speed the cells' activity and produce larger quantities of hydrogen.The researchers hope that algae will one day be an easy-to-use fuel source. The organisms are cheap to get and to feed, Ghirardi says, and they can grow almost anywhere： "You can grow them in a reactor, in a pond. You can grow them in the ocean. There's a lot of flexibility in how you can use these organisms."36. How do plants relate to solar energy?A. They are the real experts in producing it.B. They have been a source of it.C. They have been used to produce it.D. They have been using it for billions of years.37. Scientists study how photosynthesis works because they want to __________.A. improve the efficiency of itB. turn plant sugars to a new form of energyC. make green plants a new source of energyD. get more sugars and starches from plants38. Algae are able to use solar energy to produce hydrogen when__________.A. they are grown in narrow-necked bottlesB. there is enough oxygen in the airC. enough starches is storedD. there is no oxygen in the air39. Researchers find it difficult to make algae produce hydrogen efficiently because __________.A. removing the sulfate slows down hydrogen productionB. it is hard to create an airfree environmentC. it is expensive to remove the sulfate from the environmentD. the algae's cells work slowly if there is no oxygen in the air40. What does Ghirardi say about algae?A. They grow faster in a reactor.13. They will be planted everywhere.C. They are cheap to eat.D. They can be a good energy source.第三篇On the Trial of the Honey BadgerOn a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learnt a lot more about honey badgers ( 獾 ). The team employed a local wildlife expert, Kitso Khama, to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers' movements and behavior asdiscreetly (谨慎地) as possible, without frightening themaway or causing them to change their natural behavior. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animal's reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do."The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new," he says. "That, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture.If they sense you have food, for example, they won't be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat.They're actually quite sociable creatures around humans, butas soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious (凶恶的) . Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen."The research confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures theycould catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal's fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content. Previously researchers thought that the animal gotall of its liquid requirements from its prey ( 猎物 ). The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups.They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialised with each other.。

职称英语考试理工类(C级)试题及答案

XX年职称英语考试理工类(C级)试题及答案第1局部：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线局部意义最相近的词或短语。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1 Our English teacher is sick．A fatB weakC|i11D mad2 Mary is looking for the book she lost yesterdayA trying to findB trying to readC trying to buyD trying to borrow3 I rarely play basketball．A normallyB seldomC frequentlyD usually4 My father is a physician．A researcherB professorC doctorD student5 The Foreign Service is a branch of the Department of State．A centerB divisionC rootD base6 Please put up your bands if you have any questionsA raiseB reachC waveD fold7 Man cannot exit without waterA expandB riseC liveD quit8 Jean has made up her mind not to go to the meetingA triedB promisedC decidedD attempted9 This reminds me of lots of thingsA muchC bigD many10 She will be very pleased to meet you．A angryB happyC sadD unwilling11 It is obvious that he will win the game．A likelyB possibleC clearD unwilling12 There is no risk to public health.A pointB dangerC chanceD hope13 Did anyone call me when I was out?A inviteB nameC answerD phone14 It took US a long time to mend the house.A buildB repairD repair15 I don’t quite follow what she is sayingA believeB understandC explainD aept第2局部：阅读判断 (第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

理工类职称英语试题及答案

理工类职称英语试题及答案理工类职称英语试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 I'd very much like to know what your aim in life isA thoughtB ideaC goalD plan2 The policemen acted quickly because lives were at stake.A in dangerB in difficultyC in despairD out of control3 Practically all animals communicate either through sounds or through soundless codes.A CertainlyB ProbablyC AlmostD Absolutely4 Mary rarely speaks to Susan.A slowlyB seldomC weaklyD constantly5 I'm working with a guy from London.A teacherB studentC friendD man6 You'd better put these documents in a safe placeA darkB secureC guardedD banned7 The courageous boy has been the subject of massive media coverageA extensiveB continuousC instantD quick8 The town is famous for its magnificent buildingsA high-riseB modernC ancientD splendid9 The great change of the city astonished all the visitorsA surprisedB scaredC excitedD moved10 Jack packed up all the things he had accumulated over the last ten yearsA futureB farC pastD near11 Would you please call my husband as soon as possible?A visitB phoneC consultD invite12 We had a long conversation about her parents.A speechB questionC talkD debate13 The chairman proposed that we stop the meetingA statedB announcedC demandedD suggested14 Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisisA lived onB depended onC believed inD joined in15 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a recordA beatsB maintainsC matchesD tries第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Importance of Children's Oral HealthFebruary is National Children's Dental (牙齿的)Health Month，but in children good oral care is critical every day. The first comprehensive study on the nation's oral health，released recently by the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General，calls dental and oral disea ses a “silent epidemic (流行病)，” even in children. The report states that more than 51 million school hours are lost each year to dental-related illness. In fact，a recent study pointed to dental care as the most common unmet health need among American children.To help counter this，the American Academy of Periodontology (牙周病学)(AAP)is launching an effort to educate children and parents about the prevention of dental diseases in children.“This is important because oral problems can impact self-esteem for children and lead to problems of eating，speaking and attending to learning，” said Michael McGuire，president of the AAP.Common dental problems seen in children are cavities (龋洞)and gingivitis (龈牙)，which are found in the majority of U.S. children. “When these pr oblems are not caught early and treated，they can develop into more severe problems and cause unnecessary suffering，” said McGuire “However，much of the time，oral problems are avoidable problems.”In the Rio Grande Valley in Texas，a group of more than 120 dentists volunteers to deliver dental care to thousands of low-income children each year with its Mobile Dental Unit that travels from school to school.“According to the Surgeon General's Report，about 37 percent of children have not had a dental visit before starting school，” said McGuire. “When children don't see dentists theymiss the opportunity to have problems caught early before they develop into larger，more expensive problems to treat，and parents miss the opportunity to learn how to promote good oral habits in their children.”16 Only in February should attention be paid to children's oral healthA RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 Dental and oral diseases are common in both adults and childrenA RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Boys miss more school hours each year due to dental-related illnessA RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Oral problems in children can develop into more severe problems.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Oral problems can not be avoided in any wayA RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 The low-income children are very grateful to the dentists.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Some children have never seen a dentist before starting school.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

职称英语考试c类真题及答案

职称英语考试c类真题及答案职称英语考试c类真题及答案全国职称考试的c类考试是属于比较难的一种类型了，所以考生要适当的做一些职称外语考试的往年真题。

一起来看看店铺为大家整理收集了全国职称英语考试的c类往年真题及参考答案吧，欢迎大家阅读!全国职称英语考试c类真题与参考答案：完形填空Rescue PlatformIn the aftermath of the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, security experts are trying to develop new ways of rescuing people from burning skyscrapers. One__________ (51) is a platform capable of flying vertically and hovering in the air__________ (52) a helicopter. The platform would rise up and down alongside a skyscraper and pick up people __________(53) in high stories.The idea for vertical takeoff platform was hatched (策划) more than ten years ago by a Russian aerospace engineer, David Metreveli, who has since moved to Israel. Metreveli's design__________(54) the Eagle, calls for two jet engines that__________ (55) four large horizontal propellers. The spinning of the propellers __________(56) the necessary lift, or upward force, to raise the platform. The more__________(57) is supplied to the propellers, the higher the platform__________(58). Moving the platform sideways involves__________ (59) differing amounts of power to each propeller.Helicopters are now used in some__________ (60) to get people out of burning building. Escape baskets slung from them dangle beside the building for people to climb into.__________(61) , the baskets cannot reach every floor of a building__________ (62)the ropes from which they hang become unstable __________ . (63) a certain length.So far, Metreveli has built a small-scale model of the Eagle to__________ (64) his idea. In the wake of September 11, he has been able to secure enough funding to start building a larger,4-meter by 4-meter prototype,__________ (65) he calls the Eaglet.51. A. ideaB. skillC. buildingD. improvement52. A. silksB. unlikeC. likeD. likely53. A. savedB. trappedC. climbedD. raised54. A. linkedB. calledC. equaledD. described55. A. changeB. moveC. turnD. shut56. A. sendsB. keepsC. opensD. generates57. A. powerB. senseC. featureD. model58. A. staysB. risesC. starsD. runs59. A. reducingB. comparingC. developingD. applying60. A. kindsB. casesC. storiesD. products61. A. UnfortunatelyB. UncertainlyC. UnimportantlyD. Unexpectedly62. A. beforeB. becauseC. untilD. however63. A. beyondB. underC. offD. on64. A. tellB. testC. discussD. report65. A. whoB. whichC. whereD. what答案与解析51.A。

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