朱明zhubob开放英语3Unit 8
开放英语3教案- (要点)(朱明zhubob
Unit 1英文信件的格式：一般现在时和现在进行时练习：选用适当的时态填空。
1. She is staying (stay) with her sister at the moment.2.Hurry! The train is coming. (come).I don’t want (not want) to miss it.3. The Huangpu River flows (flow) into the East China Sea.4. The river is flowing (flow) very fast today.5. Does it snow (it / snow) in Kunming in winter?改写下列句子：1.Where you live?Where do you live?2.How spell your name?How do you spell your name?3.Where you staying this month?Where are you staying this month?4.Who do work for?Who do you work for?5. You like the film?Do you like the film?复习一般过去时和过去进行时练习：选用适当的时态填空。
1.W e _lived_ (live) in Manchester from 1987to 1994, but we have moved to Liverpool now.2.W hen we were kids, we _went_ (go) to3.I_was playing_ (play) basketball at 3 o’clock yesterday afternoon.利用所给的特殊疑问词提问：1.M y brothers and I collected stamps for many years. (What)What did your brothers and you collect for many years?2.S he worked in the post office on Saturdays. (When)When did she work in the post office?3.T he students were playing football on the playground. (Who)Who were playing football on the playground?4.S he didn’t go to school yesterday, because she is ill. (Why)Why didn’t she go to school yesterday?连接下列的句子：(and, but, although, because, with)1.W e were very excited. England were playing West Germany in the final.We were very excited because England were playing West Germany in the final.2.S he wasn’t watching the match. She was listening to it on the radio.Although She wasn’t watching the match, She was listening to it on the radio.She wasn’t watching the match, but She was listening to it on the radio.3.I t was a limited edition. It had ENGLAND WINNERS on each stamp.It was a limited edition with ENGLAND WINNERS on each stamp.4.W e still have it today. Perhaps it is worth a lot of money.We still have it today, and perhaps it is worth a lot of money.《直通车》模拟自测1Use of English1. -Nice weather, isn’t it? - _____________.A. I’m not sureB. You know it wellC. Yes, it isD. Yes, it isn’t.2. –I think the Internet is very helpful. -_____________.A. Yes, so do IB. That’s a very good ideaC. Neither do ID. I’d rather go surfing on it.3. –What subjects are you studying? -_____________.A.Yes, I’m studying historyB.I’m studying nowC.I’m studying philosophyD.I’m doing my homework4. –Which language do speak at home? -_____________.E.I speak English very wellF.I can speak English and FrenchG.English is my mother tongue5.-Must we hand in our homework now? -____________.A. Yes, you willB. Yes, you mustn’tC. No, you needn’tD. No, you mustn’t6. –Help yourself to the steak, Maggie. -_____________.I.Sorry, I’ve had enoughJ.Thank you, HelenK.Yes. But it isn’t cooked wellL.Help yourself to it, too7. –Go that way and take a seat. - _____________. M.N o, I’m not tiredN.Thanks, but I’d rather standC. Yes, that’s a good wayD. It doesn’t matter8. –Are you sure about that? - _____________. O.You needn’t worry about thatP.I like the ideaQ.Oh, no. I’m afraid of thatR.Oh, yes. I’m absolutely positive- _____________.S.I’ve never been thereT.The next one is fasterU.They leave every hourD. The city is far away10. –There’s a new cafeteria at the corner. How about going there for supper?- _____________.A.Fine. But it’s my treat this timeB.It’s newly decoratedC. Let’s look at the menu firstD. I have no idea about what to order1.O n his first sea ___, he was still quite young but showed great courage to face the storms.A. tripB. travelC. tourD. voyage2.L et me __ the case carefully before I draw a conclusion.A. look upB. look intoC. look afterD. look out3.H e, as well as I, ___ a student.4.T he farmer caught the boys ___ his apples.A. stealingB. stoleC. to stealD. would steal一、交际用语二、词汇与结构三、完型填空四、阅读理解五、书面表达(15分)Unit 2used to 和would 的用法(*P27-Language Focus)Unit 2used to 和would 的用法(*P27-Language Focus)27. Ancient Greece is the ____ of western civilization.A. originB. sourceC. placeD. sources28. His attitude toward us seems ____.A. nicelyB. warmlyC. kindlyD. friendly30. I know this is the secret between you and me, and I promise never to ___ it to anyone else.A. mentionB. talkC. speechD. announce31. In addition to rice, we need to ____ our diet with fish, meat and vegetable.A. supplementB. replaceC. addD. eat32. ____, we keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough data.A. As a wholeB. As a ruleC. On the averageD. By all means33. No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting. It is at least five years since it ____.A. had taken placeB. was taken placeC. took placeD. was taking place34. He, as well as I, ____ a student.A. beB. amC. areD. is35. Las month, he paid a visit to the village ____ he had once worked for five years.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. in that36. Frank plays ____ Alex.A.a lot more better thanB. much more better thanC. a lot better thanD. much more well than37. He seldom does his homework at school on weekdays, ____he?A. doesn’tB. isn’tC. doesD. is39. These plants are rather difficult ____.A. to look afterB. to be looked afterC. being looked afterD. looking after40. We advised him to give up smoking, ____ a lot of exercise.A. to doB. and to doC. and doD. and doing。
朱明zhubob人文英语3(单元01)(Task1-3)
Task 3-II
• Listen to the dialog对话 again and • complete完成 it with the words • given in the box.
• Babysitter • 替别人照看小孩的人;保姆 • choice选择; n. • Kin-der-gar-ten幼儿园; • two; • Four;
• I understand. I’ve(have)曾经 been in your (3position) before.
• At t前 my wife （took care of）照顾 our children (4alone), and I (5) seldom stayed at home (due to)因 为 being very busy with work.
物流、安全、保卫，
• 职任：客运站长、 公司经理， 集团技术总监， 总经理 及法人代表。 ((本人教学资料搜索:朱明zhubob(需要资料内容)
• 学历：本科、MBA， • 专业：汽车维修与使用、企业管理、经济管理。
• 职业资格与职称：高级工程师、高级技师、国家经济师、 高级技能专业教师、高级国家职业资格考评员。 管理科 学研究院特约讲师、 管理顾问有限公司高级讲师。客座 任教：大学、 技师学院、国家职业资格培训与考评及企 业内部职业培训。Q号657555589
• What about your mother? Did she help you?
• Yes, she did=helped a little. But you see, you can’t depend依靠，依赖 v. （动词）on/upon your mother to be a full-time全职的 (babysitter6)
朱明zhubob人文英语3(单元08)下
• Lifelong learning is non-formal正式的. • The universities should make the classroom teaching student-centered以学生为中心. • To develop开发 a new assessment评估 system is a challenge挑战 for the government.政府
statements
• Lifelong learning is more and more important because people are now facing ____ in changing economies. Different career choices/various development
• (4) knowledge is the primary主要的 source来 源 of value价值 in our world today and your ability to expand your mind and devote yourself to lifelong learning is the key关键 to breaking any success barriers障碍 that may be in front of you.
• (3)lifelong learning is the minimum最少的 requirement要求 for success in your field. Since information and knowledge in very field is doubling增长一倍 every 2-3 years, this means that your knowledge has to double every 2-3 years as well.
开放英语3 Unit 8 Leisure
英3Unit 8 Leisure, Work and Animals 休闲活动与宠物--- Looking at leisure activities and animals as pets orfor work 学习有关休闲活动及宠物与人的关系的内容学习目标1.表示数量a large proportion of… 很大比例的a small proportion of… 很小比例的the majority of… 多数的a minority of… 少数的half the… 一半的a third of… 三分之一的a quarter of… 四分之一的over… 多于more than…under… 少于less than…2.spend time doing（in）doing sthspend time/moneyon sthJack spends under a third of his free time doing housework.Jack spends a large portion of his time sleeping.3.现在完成时和现在完成进行时现在完成时--- 强调动作的结果，表示动作已经结束现在完成进行时--- 强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且还要继续下去She has sorted out all the books and pictures. （已经）She’s been reorganizing the shop. （一直）Where has he been livin g?Who have they been working for?He hasn’t been working here for very long.注：状态动词可用于现在完成时，但不可用于现在完成进行时（love, like, hate, be, think认为/feel /hear/want）I’ve always liked animals.4.for和since表示时间for +时间段（①从过去到现在②过去③将来的一段时间）since +时间点（从过去某一时间点起到现在）（短语/句子）Franco: I lived in Sicily for 18 years. I came to London when I was 18. I’ve lived in England now foralmost 30 years.He's been here for ten minutes.He was here for ten minutes.I’m staying in Beijing on busines s for two weeks next month.I’ve been living here for three months / since last March. Since it started raining, I’ve stayed in the house.注: for和since与延续性动词搭配非延续性动词肯定式不可与其搭配（否定式可以）He has come here for two days. (×)He has been here for two days. (√)She hasn’t come here for two days. (√)I’ve not seen him since last week.5.词语比较/习语/句型/答案ed to do 过去常常做…be used to sth /doing 习惯于…2.because of +名词because + 句子3.the number of……数字/目（作主语时,谓语用单数）a number of…一些…（作主语时,谓语用复数）（in）doing sth4.spend time /moneyon sthpare A to B 把A与B相比; 把A比作Bcompare A with B 把A与B相比6.the majority of… 多数的a minority of… 少数的Actt.1 业余活动/描述发展趋势/表达数量p.126After hoursernment figures (in a recent survey) show that…8.after hours 工/业余时间9.for an average of three hours a day平均每天三个小时10.in /during the last /past 30 years 30年来/在过去30年间（常与完成时搭配）In the last more than 20 years great changes have taken place in China.11.because of +名词because + 句子12.washing machine 洗衣机microwave = microwave oven 微波炉vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器13.etc = etcetera /it`set rə/ 等等14.the number of……数字/目（作主语时,谓语用单数）a number of…一些…（作主语时,谓语用复数）15.stereo / `st iəriəu/ 立体声的→立体声唱机16.leasure activity /time休闲活动/时间（in）doing sth17.spend time /moneyon sth18.55-64 year-olds = 55-64 year-old peoplepare A to B 把A与B相比; 把A比作Bcompare A with B 把A与B相比20.复习表示发展趋势动词This figure has fallen dramaticallyThe number of TVs…has also risen sharply…listening to tapes and records decreases with agegardening for pleasure rises sharply名词because of the increase in labour-saving devicesKEY1.They do less because of the increase in labour-savingdevices.s, stereos, videos, CD and DVD players, etc.3.More people watch TV.4.Older people.Animals at home21.range from…to…在一定范围/幅度内有所变化22.tropical fish 热带鱼23.changes (in life style and the family structure)have made24.分数表示法: 分子用基数词, 分母用序数词,分子与分母常用连字符（-）连接, 如果分子大于1, 分母用复数1/3 →a /one third2/3 →two-thirds3 2/5→three and two-fifths一些习惯用法:½ →a /one half¼ →a /one quarter // one-fourth¾ →three-quarters2 ¼ →two and a quarter1 ½ →one and a half7 ¾ →seven and three quarters较复杂的分数:23/9 →twenty-three over nine76/92 →seven-six over ninety-two25.数量表达方式:（see学习目标1）KEY1.Just under half of households have a pet.2.Dogs used to be the most popular pets. /Cats are themost popular pets.3.Cats need less care than dogs.4.Most dog owners have（only）one dog.5.More than /Over a third of cat owners have two or morecats.6.More than /Over half of dogs in the UK are pedigree.Actt.2 表达数量p.1291.A large proportion /The majority of households have amicrowave oven.2.More than half of managers have a dishwasher.3.Just under a quarter of unskilled workers’ householdshave a dishwasher.4.The majority / A large proportion of men have donesport in the last week.5.A minority of women have done DIY in the last fourweeks.Actt.3 表达数量p.129Part A1.Jack spends under a third of his free time doing housework.2.Jack spends a small proportion of his free time seeing friends.3.Jack spends a large proportion of his time sleeping.4.Jack spends the majority of his free time watching TV.5.Jack spends over a quarter of his free time studying. Part B 写作---应用表达数量的词语描述时间安排Actt. 4 Extt.1 分数表达p.1301.What’s the ownership of video recorders?About four-fifths of households own a video recorder. 2.What’s the ownership of pets?About half the households own a pet.3.What’s the ownership of personal computers?Under a third of households own a personal computer.4.What’s the ownership of microwave ovens?Over three-quarters of households own a microwaveoven.5.What’s the ownership of dishwashers?About a third of households own a dishwasher.⏹Actt.5 Extt.2 完成时/完成进行时p.1311.She does voluntary work on Saturdays.2.It is called Animal Welfare.3.She works in a charity shop.4.She does it because she likes animals.5.Yes, she has.6.She has sorted the books and pictures out.⏹Actt. 6 Extt.2听写填空完成时/完成进行时p.1311.work2.haven’t; for3.been; furthered4.worked; shops in London5.liked; since; I’ve6.reorganising; sorted outActt. 7 完成时/完成进行时p.132Part BI’ve been running long distance races for five years. I’ve been training with a local running club since last summer, and I’ve been preparing for the London Marathon. I’vecompleted two half-marathons. In the second half- marathon I got the best time in the whole club. Recently I’ve been building my muscles by going to the gym to increase my stamina（耐力）.Actt. 8 写作,用完成时/完成进行时写段有关自己爱好的短文p.133⏹Actt. 9 Extt. 3 现在完成进行时p.1331.What have you been doing?I’ve been writing a letter.2.Have you been listening to the radio?No. I haven’t been listening to the radio.3.Have you heard the news?No, I haven’t heard the news.4.How long have you been studying English?I’ve been studying English for three years.5.Have you been waiting long?Yes. I’ve been waiting since 5 o’c lock.6.Have you read this gook?Yes. I’ve read it.⏹Actt. 10 Extt. 4 spend time doing p.1341.How many hours do you spend watching TV?2.Do you spend more time reading or seeing friends?3.How often do you listen to music?4.How many hours a week do you spend doing sport?Actt. 11 复习定语从句, 练习完成进行时p.135 26.Did you know…?询问对方是否知道/听说了某事,是习惯用法, 与过去时无关, 其后可跟各种时态= Has the news reached you?27.people with mental illnesses 患有精神疾病的人28.separate（…）from 与…分开29.in hospital （生病）住院in a /the hospital 在医院Such as:go to school 去上学go to the school 去学校go to church 做礼拜go to the church 去教堂但go to the cinema 去看电影30.take the case of sb 以某人的情况为例31.She（The dog）helps me to get dressed对所喜爱/崇敬的事物用she指代Fill her up, please. 请给加油（her指my car）I love China. She is a great country.本文中的she表示喜爱, 也表示这是一只she-dog32.go into a coma 陷入昏迷状态be in a coma 处于昏迷状态33.alert（sb to sth）警报/告; 警觉的alarm 警报, 警报器,闹钟,惊慌alter 改变34.my blood sugar level dropped 血糖降低了He gave me an insulin injection他给我注射了一针胰岛素KEY1.Yes, they are.2.They think that it’s good. /They recognise the benefits ofpets.3.Children, people with mental illnesses and elderlypeople who are separated from their own pets or have had to give up their pets.4.He started to speak.5.They are with them.6.He got it from Dogs for the Disabled.7.1) She helps him to get dressed, and she brings him hissocks and shoes.2) She fetches the newspaper from the shop.3) She passes him the phone when it rings.8.She got his neighbour.Actt. 12 同义词练习p.137Part A1)recognise2)separated from3)mental illnesses4)volunteer5)altered6)fetches7)dropped8)neighbourPart B1)neighbour2)volunteer3)separated4)mental illnesses5)fetches6)dropped7)altered8)recognisesActt. 13 复习定语从句p.1381.Dogs that / which help sick people work in hospitals.2.Dogs that /which disabled people use are specially trained.3.The dog which /that the disabled man stroked helped him speak.4.Doctors who /that have seen dogs help people begin to recognise the benefits.5.Volunteers whose dogs and cats help people work in the hospitals with the animal.6.The dog that /which assists Alan a lot came from a charity.7.The person who /that the dog fetched gave Alan an injection.8.The hospital staff who have tried working with dogs have reported good results.Actt. 14 警犬训练p.138Part A1)abilities2)bite3)criminals4)people5)oldActt. 15 Extt.5 p.1391.B2.C3.C4.A⏹Actt. 16 Extt.6 p.1201.T.2.F. “We are provided with a kennel（狗屋/窝）that staysin the garden and all food.”3.F. “The dogs are not aggressive.”4.T.5.F. “My dog barks when I’m wearing my uniformbecause he’s very excited.”Actt. 17 p.120The policeman’s name is Simon Woodrow and he works for the Thames Valley Police. He supervises 10 dog handlers who work all over Buckinghamshire. The dogs have natural abilities to search for people and find people and bite. The police dog team searches for an armed criminal when the police officers can’t find him. The dogs live with the handlers, but they sleep in a kennel in the garden. They bark when they see the handler coming because they are excited about working.⏹Actt. 18 Extt.7 p.1411.How long has Tess been helping Alan for?She’s been helping him for three years.2.For how long has Alan been visiting hospital everymonth?He’s been visiting hospital every month for four years.3.How long has Alan been having injections?He’s been having injections since 1996.4.How long has Sergeant Woodrow been working in thepolice force?He’s been working in the police force since 1994.5.For how long has he been training dogs?He’s been training dogs for five years.6.For how long has he been supervising other policeofficers?He’s been supervising them since 2001.。
朱明zhubob-人文英语3新英语课程说明
课程说明商务英语1商务英语1是为国家开放大学经济类（金融学、会计学、市场营销、物流管理等）专业（专科）第一学期开设的公共英语课程，3学分，54学时，开设1学期。
通过本课程的学习，学生应能掌握一定的英语语言基础知识和基本技能，在词汇掌握方面，应能熟练使用其中的1100个左右词汇（含前期掌握的600个左右）及其常见短语或固定搭配，其中包括一定量的职场相关词汇和短语；具有初步的读、听、说、写能力；同时，了解商务活动中最基本的英语词语及表达方式，能在涉及金融、会计、市场营销、物流、工商管理等专业的职场活动中进行简单交流；并为在今后职场英语应用能力的进一步提高奠定基础。
商务英语2商务英语2是为国家开放大学经济类（金融学、会计学、市场营销、物流管理等）专业（专科）第二学期开设的公共英语课程，3学分，54学时，开设1学期。
通过本课程的学习，学生应能掌握一定的英语语言基础知识和基本技能，在词汇掌握方面，应能熟练使用其中的1600个左右词汇（含前期掌握的1100个左右）及其常见短语或固定搭配，其中包括一定量的职场相关词汇和短语；具有初步的读、听、说、写能力；同时，了解商务活动中最基本的英语词语及表达方式，能在涉及金融、会计、市场营销、物流、工商管理等专业的职场活动中进行简单交流；并为在今后职场英语应用能力的进一步提高奠定基础。
商务英语3商务英语3是为国家开放大学经济类（金融学、会计学、市场营销、物流管理等）专业（专科起点本科）第一学期开设的公共英语课程，3学分，54学时，开设1学期。
本课程的学习，学生应能掌握一定英语语言基础知识和基本技能，具有一定读、听、说、写能力；应能熟练使用其中的2000个左右词汇（含前期掌握的1600个左右）及其常见短语或固定搭配，包括一定量的职场相关词汇和短语，能在涉及金融、会计、市场营销、物流、工商管理等专业的职场活动中进行基本交流；使学生接触并了解与职业相关的基本知识，培养学生在商务活动中使用英语进行交际的实际能力。
朱明zhubob人文英语3(单元08)上
Task 2-II
• As a distance远程的 learner yourself, what do you think are the advantages 优势and disadvantages劣势 of distance education?
Unit 8
Lifelong终身 Learning学习
Task 1
• Look at the pictures and describe描写 each situation 情况
• What are the people doing in each of the pictures?
• If you have enough time and energy精 力, what would you like to learn at the weekends周末?
• How do you solve解决 this problem • That is the reason • How do you do it • That’s a nice way • What’s your opinion观点, then
• Liu Hui and Zhang Hua are talking about the importance重要性 of lifelong 终身learning.
• Courses: piano钢琴, computer operation操作, Chinese painting画画, oil 油 painting, surfing冲浪 online, dancing
开放英语3教案Unit 1(朱明zhubob
Vocห้องสมุดไป่ตู้bulary (P18)
appropriate: a. 合适的 be available for sth. 有空做某事
eg: I am available for an interview at any time.
He is not available for the job. be over the moon: very happy 快活极了
journalism: n. 新闻学 look back: 回顾 manufacture: n. &v. made 制造 particularly: adv. 尤其，特别 period: n. 时期 placement: n. 安置，放置 product: n. 产品；produce v. 生产 purchase: vt. / n. 购买
eg: She is over the moon about her new baby. burst: v. (使) 破裂，（使）爆炸；burst-burst，
burst in 突然出现
eg: As we burst in, my mother was standing behind the counter. connection：n. 关系，联系 connect: v. 连接 consideration: n.考虑,体谅 consider: v.考虑
生) I am hoping to … 我希望……(表示动作正在发生) I am looking for 我正在寻找……(表示动作正在发生) I am staying… 我暂住…… apply: v. 申请 application look forward to doing: 盼望
可能性 • sport desk 体育编辑部（note 2) • hear from: 收到……的信息（特指信件）
国家开放大学 理工英语3 Unit 8 Future Power 解析
题目1正确获得1.00分中的1.00分标记题目题干Your phone can be charged if you just put it in the pocket of your jeans madeof the yarn.选择一项：对错反馈正确的答案是“对”。
题目2正确获得1.00分中的1.00分标记题目题干The fabric was developed for the American Army.选择一项：对错反馈正确的答案是“错”。
题目3正确获得1.00分中的1.00分标记题目题干The fabric can carry power but not data through a helmet.选择一项：对错反馈正确的答案是“错”。
题目4正确获得1.00分中的1.00分标记题目题干Now we can charge a battery without wires, chargers or sockets.选择一项：对错反馈正确的答案是“错”。
题目5正确获得1.00分中的1.00分标记题目题干The only way to charge your phone is to keep a pair of khakis plugged in.选择一项：对错反馈正确的答案是“错”。
你的回答正确正确答案是：How does Henry describe his new solar watch? → It's automatic and safe., What did Lucy do this morning? → She recharged her mobile phone this morning., Why doesn't the solar watch need a battery? → Because it can convert light into electrical energy., What happened to the battery? → It's automatic and safe., What will Lucy do for the accident? → She will ask the shop for an explanatio n and compensation.。
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2) The majority of people who own a cat own only one cat (62%).
3) A minority of the population owns a dog.
This is English 3 开放英语 3
Unit 8 Leisure: Work and Animals
休闲活动与宠物
主讲：朱明 高级工程师、高级技师、国家经济师
高级国家职业技能鉴常乐，历经兵农工商学。 历经：兵团开车，地方修车，企业管理：技术、运营、
dramatically戏剧性地 *fetch: 取来, 叫来, 拿来 eg: Run and fetch the doctor. *injection: n. 注射 inject（v. 注射）+ion
*majority: minority
*supervise: v. 监督；管理 supervisor 主管 *voluntary: 志（自）愿的；reluctant 不情愿的
物流、安全、保卫，
职任：客运站长、 公司经理， 集团技术总监， 总经理 及法人代表。 ((本人教学资料搜索:朱明zhubob(需要资料内容)
学历：本科、MBA， 专业：汽车维修与使用、企业管理、经济管理。
职业资格与职称：高级工程师、高级技师、国家经济师、 高级技能专业教师、高级国家职业资格考评员。 管理科 学研究院特约讲师、 管理顾问有限公司高级讲师。客座 任教：大学、 技师学院、国家职业资格培训与考评及企 业内部职业培训。Q号657555589
3. over (多于(多于)…; less than (少于)…。
eg: 1) Over half the dogs in the UK are pedigree. 2) Under a quarter of people can swim. 3) More than a third of cats are grey. 4) Less than 50% of the population owns a dog.
3. 与现在完成时的区别 1) 与表示一段时间的状语连用，两种时态可互换 eg : We have been living here for ten years. We have lived here for ten years. 2) 没有表示一段时间状语的情况下,不可随便互用 eg: 1) John has painted the door.(油完) John has been painting the door. 2) I have written a letter. (写完) I have been writing a letter(一直在写，未完)
练习：P129-A2
1. 现在完成进行时构成： 肯定句：主语＋have (has)＋been doing
eg: I have been working here for three years. (强调已有三年，并还在这里工作。) 否定句：主语＋have (has) not＋been doing eg: He has not (hasn’t) been working here for very long. 疑问句：Have (Has) ＋主语＋been doing? eg: Have you been working here for many years? 特殊疑问句把疑问词置于句首：
Unit 8 Leisure: Work and Animals
休闲活动与宠物
学习目标： 1.与表示发展趋势和数量相关的表达 方式； 2.固定结构：spend time doing; 3.现在完成时和现在完成进行时； 4.复习定语从句；
*aggressive: 侵犯的,挑衅的,敢作敢为的, 有闯劲的 eg: aggressive weapons 攻击性武器
He is very aggressive. 他生性好斗。
*alter: change *bite-bit-bitten *criminal: v. 犯（罪行）；做坏事； crime n. 犯罪, 犯罪行为, 罪行 *decade: ten years *decrease: 减少；increase 增加 *dramatically: drama（戏剧）+tical（戏剧性的）+ly
形容词和副词：slight, slightly, steady, steadily, sharp, sharply, dramatic, dramatically
2. 表达数量的方式 a large proportion of (很大比例的……)； a small proportion of （很小比例的……） the majority of (多数的)……; a minority of （少数的）……
（P128-Language Focus） 1. 表示发展趋势的词语
↑
↓
Nouns
Verbs
Nouns
Verbs
a rise
to rise
an increase to increase
to go up
a decline a decrease a fall
to decline to decrease to fall to go down
eg: Where has he been living? Who have they been working for?
2. 不用进行时态的词 (如：love, hate, be, think, feel, hear 等)
eg: 1) I’ve always liked animals. 2) I’ve always wanted to do something.