华侨大学计算方法2017年考博真题
2017年华侨大学考研试题834电路+
华侨大学2017年硕士研究生入学考试专业课试卷（答案必须写在答题纸上）招生专业电气工程科目名称电路科目代码834一、计算题（注：本大题共10小题，共126分）1、试用回路电流法求图1所示电路的电压u。
（12分）图1图22、电路节点编号如图2所示，请选择适合的参考节点，用节点电压法求解1V电压源的功率，并说明是提供还是消耗。
（15分）。
3、如图3所示电路，N R为不含独立源的线性纯电阻电路，其内部结构不详。
已知：当u s=1V，i s=1A时，u2=1V，当u s=10V，i s=2A时，u2=6V。
求当u s=4V，i s=10A时的电压u2。
（12分）图3图4共4页第1页4、图4所示电路中，开关合在位置1时已达稳定状态，0t =时开关由位置1合向位置2，用三要素法求0t ≥时的()L i t 。
(12分)5、图5所示的正弦稳态电路，已知电源的频率为f 时，电流表A 和A 1的读数分别为0和1A ，若电源的频率变为0.5f 而幅值不变，则电流表A 的读数为多少？(12分)图5图66、已知图6中对称三相电源的相电压为2200A U ︒=∠ ，220120BU ︒=∠- ，220120C U ︒=∠ ，L Z j =Ω，126Z j =+Ω，求1I ，2I ，3I 。
（15分）7、图7所示的电路中，1R =Ω，12L ω=Ω，232L ω=Ω，耦合因数1k =，132Cω=Ω。
求电流1I ，和电压2U 。
（12分）图7图88、已知图8所示二端口的Z 参数矩阵为10 8 5 10Z ⎡⎤=Ω⎢⎥⎣⎦求R 1、R 2、R 3、r 的值。
（12分）共4页第2页9、如图9所示电路原处于零状态。
0t =时刻，开关S 闭合，用运算法（拉普拉斯变换法）求()L i t ，(0)t >。
（12分）图9图1010、图10所示非线性电阻电路中，非线性电阻的伏安特性为32u i i =+，如果()0.1cos V s u t t ω= 时，试用小信号分析法求回路中的电流i 。
2017年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题
2017年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题2017年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题Part I Listening Comprehension(30%)略Part II Vocabulary(10%)Section ADirections:In this section,all the sentences are incomplete.Four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D are given beneath each of them.You are to choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence,then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.31.Chronic high-dose intake of vitamin A has been shown to have____effects on bones.A.adverseB.prevalentC.instantD.purposeful32.Drinking more water is good for the rest of your body,helping to lubricate joints and___toxinsand impurities.A.screen outB.knock outC.flush outD.rule out33.Rheumatologist advises that those with ongoing aches and pains first seek medical helpto____the problem.A.affiliateB.alleviateC.aggravateD.accelerate34.Generally,vaccine makers_____the virus in fertilized chicken eggs in a process that can takefour to six months.A.penetrateB.designateC.generateD.exaggerate35.Danish research shows that the increase in obese people in Denmark is roughly____to theincrease of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.A.equivalentB.temporaryC.permanentD.relevant36.Ted was felled by a massive stroke that affected his balance and left him barely able tospeak____.A.bluntlyB.intelligiblyC.reluctantlyD.ironically37.In a technology-intensive enterprise,computers____all processes of the production andmanagement.A.dominateB.overwhelmC.substituteD.imitate38.Although most dreams apparently happen____,dream activity may be provoked by externalinfluences.A.homogeneouslyB.instantaneouslyC.spontaneouslyD.simultaneously39.We are much quicker to respond,and we respond far too quickly by giving____to our anger.A.ventB.impulseC.temperD.offence40.By maintaining a strong family_____,they are also maintaining the infrastructure of society.A.biasB.honorC.estateD.bondSection BDirections:Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined.There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence.Choose the word or phrase which can best keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined part.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.rm the manager if you are on medication that makes you drowsy.A.uneasyB.sleepyC.guiltyD.fiery42.Diabetes is one of the most prevalent and potentially dangerous diseases in the world.A.crucialB.virulentC.colossalD.widespread43.Likewise,soot and smoke from fire contain a multitude of carcinogens.A.a matter ofB.a body ofC.plenty ofD.sort of44.Many questions about estrogen’s effects remain to be elucidated,and investigations areseeking answers through ongoing laboratory and clinical studies.A.implicatedB.impliedC.illuminatedD.initiated45.A network chatting is a limp substitute for meeting friends over coffee.A.accomplishmentB.refreshmentplementD.replacement46.When patients spend extended periods in hospital,they tend to become overly dependent andlose interest in taking care of themselves.A.extremelyB.exclusivelyC.exactlyD.explicitly47.Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of trafficcongestion.A.AmelioratedB.aggregatedC.deterioratedD.duplicated48.It was reported that bacteria contaminated up to80%of domestic retail raw chicken in theUnited States.A.inflamedB.inflictedC.infectedD.infiltrated49.Researchers recently ran the numbers on gun violence in the United States and reported thatright-to-carry-gun laws do not inhibit violent crime.A.curbB.induceC.lessenD.impel50.Regardless of our uneasiness about stereotypes,numerous studies have shown clear differencebetween Chinese and western parenting.A.specificationsB.sensationsC.conventionsD.conservations PartⅢCloze(10%)Directions:In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks.For each blank,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D on the right side.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.It was the kind of research that gave insight into how flu strains could mutate so quickly.The same branch of research concluded in2005that the1918flu started in birds before passing to humans.Parsing this animal-human51could provide clues to52the next potential super flu,whichalready has a name:H5N1,also known as avian flu or bird flu.This potential killer also has a number:59%.According to the WHO,nearly three-fifths of the people who53H5NI since2003died from the virus,which was first reported54humans in Hong Kong in1997before a more serious55occurred in Southeast Asia between2003and2004.(It has since spread to Africa and Europe.)Some researchers argue that those mortality numbers are exaggerated because WHO only56cases in which victims are sick enough to go to the hospitals for treatment.57,compare that to the worldwide mortality rate of the1918pandemic;it may have killed roughly50million people,but that was only10%of the number of people infected,according to a2006estimate.H5NI’s saving grace—and the only reason we’re not running around masked up in public right now—is that the strain doesn’t jump from birds to humans,or from humans to humans,easily. There have been just over600cases(and359deaths)since2003.But58its lethality,and the chance it could turn into something far more transmissible,one might expect H5NI research to be exploding,with labs59the virus’s molecular components to understand how it spreads between animals and60to humans,and hoping to discover a vaccine that could head off a pandemic.51.A.rejection B.interface plement D.contamination52.A.be stopped B.stopping C.being stopped D.having stopped53.A.mutated B.effected C.infected D.contracted54.A.in B.on C.with D.from55.A.trigger unch C.outbreak D.outcome56.A.counts B.amounts to C.accounts for D.accumulates57.A.Thereafter B.Thereby C.Furthermore D.Still58.A.given B.regarding C.in spite of D.speaking of59.A.parses B.parsed C.parsing D.to parse60.A.potently B.absolutely C.potentially D.importantlyPart IV Reading Comprehension(30%)Directions:In this part,there are six passages,each of which is followed by five questions.For each question,there are four possible answers marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneIf you are reading this article,antibiotics have probably saved your life—and not once but several times.A rotten tooth,a knee operation,a brush with pneumonia;any number of minor infections that never turned nasty.You may not remember taking the pills,so unremarkable have these one-time wonder drugs become.Modern medicine relies on antibiotics—not just to cure diseases,but to augment the success of surgery,childbirth and cancer treatments.Yet now health authorities are warning,in uncharacteristically apocalyptic terms,that the era of antibiotics is about to end.In some ways,bacteria are continually evolving to resist the drugs.But in the past we’ve always developed new ones that killed them again.Not this time.Infections that once succumbed to everyday antibiotics now require last-resort drugs with unpleasant side effects.Others have become so difficult to treat that they kill some 25,000Europeans yearly.And some bacteria now resist every known antibiotic.Regular readers will know why:New Scientist has reported warnings about this for years.We have misused antibiotics appallingly,handing them out to humans like medicinal candy and feeding them to livestock by the tonne,mostly not for health reasons but to make meat cheaper.Now antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be found all over the world—not just in medical facilities,but everywhere from muddy puddles in India to the snows of Antarctica（南极洲）.How did we reach this point without viable successors to today’s increasingly ineffectual drugs? The answer lies not in evolution but economics.Over the past20years,nearly every major pharmaceutical company has abandoned panies must make money,and there isn’t much in short-term drugs that should be used sparingly.So researchers have discovered promising candidates,but can’t reach into the deep pockets needed to develop them.This can be fixed.As we report this week,regulatory agencies,worried medical bodies and Big Pharma are finally hatching ways to remedy this market failure.Delinking profits from the volume of drug sold(by adjusting patent rights,say,or offering prizes for innovation)has worked for other drugs,and should work for antibiotics—although there may be a worryingly long wait before they reach the market.One day,though,these will all to resistance too.Ultimately,we need,evolution-proof cures for bacterial infection:treatments that stop bacteria from causing disease,but don’t otherwise inconvenience the little blighters.When resisting drugs confers no selective advantage,drugs will stop breeding resistance.Researchers have a couple of candidates for such treatment.But they fear regulators will drag their feet over such radical approaches.That,too,can be fixed.We must not neglect development of the sustainable medicine we need,the way we have neglected simple antibiotic R&D.If we do,one day another top doctor will be telling us that the drugs no longer work—and there really will be no help on the way.61.In the first paragraph,the author is tying to_____.A.warn us against the rampant abuse of antibiotics everywhereB.suggest a course of action to reduce antibiotic resistanceC.tell us a time race between humans and bacteriaD.remind us of the universal benefit of antibiotics62.The warning from health authorities implies that_____.A.the pre-antibiotic era will returnB.the antibiotic crisis is about to repeatC.the wonder drugs are a double-edged swordD.the development of new antibiotics is too slow63.The appalling misuse of antibiotics,according to the passage,_____.A.has developed resistant bacteria worldwideB.has been mainly practiced for health reasonsC.has been seldom reported as a warning in the worldD.has been particularly worsened in the developing countries64.The market failure refers to____.A.the inability to develop more powerful antibioticsB.the existing increasingly ineffectual drugs in the marketC.the poor management of the major pharmaceutical companiesD.the deprived investment in developing new classes of antibiotics65.During the presentation of the two solutions,the author carries a tone of_____.A.doubtB.urgencyC.indifferenceD.helplessness Passage TwoThis issue of Science contains announcements for more than100different Gorgon Research Conferences，on topics that range from atomic physics to developmental biology.The brainchild（某人的主意）of Neil Gordon of Johns Hopkins University,these week-long meetings are designed to promote intimate,informal discussions of frontier science.Often confined to fewer than125 attendees,they have traditionally been held in remote places with minimal distractions.Beginning in the early1960s,I attended the summer Nucleic Acids Gordon Conference in rural New Hampshire，sharing austere（简朴的）dorm facilities in a private boy’s school with randomly assigned roommates.As a beginning scientist,I found the question period after each talk especially fascinating,providing valuable insights into the personalities and ways of thinking of many senior scientists whom I had not encountered previously.Back then,there were no cellphones and no internet,and all of the speakers seemed to stay for the entire week.During the long,session-free afternoons,graduate students mingled freely with professors.Many lifelong friendships were begun, and—as Gordon intended—new scientific collaborations began.Leap forward to today,and every scientist can gain immediate access to a vast store of scientific thought and to millions of other scientists via the Internet.Why,nevertheless,do in-person scientific meetings remain so valuable for a life in science?Part of the answer is that science works best when there is a deep mutual trust and understanding between the collaborators,which is hard to develop from a distance.But most important is the critical role that face-to-face scientific meetings play in stimulating a random collision of ideas and approaches.The best science occurs when someone combines the knowledge gained by other scientists in non-obvious ways to create a new understanding of how the world works.A successful scientist needs to deeply believe,whatever the problem being tackled,that there is always a better way to approach that problem than the path currently being taken.The scientist is then constantly on the alert for new paths to take in his or her work,which is essential for makingbreakthroughs.Thus,as much as possible,scientific meetings should be designed to expose the attendees to ways of thinking and techniques that are different from the ones that they already know.66.Assembled at Gordon Research Conference are those who____.A.are physicists and biologistsB.just start doing their sciencesC.stay in the forefront of scienceD.are accomplished senior scientists67.Speaking of the summer Nucleic Acids Gordon Conference,the author thinks highly of____.A.the personalities of senior scientistsB.the question period after each talkC.the austere facilities aroundD.the week-long duration68.It can be inferred from the author that the value of the in-person scientific conference_____.A.does not change with timesB.can be explored online exclusivelyC.lies in exchanging the advances in lie scienceD.is questioned in establishing a vast store of ideas69.The author believes that the face-to-face scientific conferences can help the attendeesbetter_____.A.understand what making a breakthrough means to themB.expose themselves to novel ideas and new approachesC.foster the passion for doing scienceD.tackle the same problem in science70.What would the author most probably talk about in the following paragraphs?A.How to explore scientific collaborations.B.How to make scientific breakthroughs.C.How to design scientific meetings.D.How to think like a genius.Passage ThreeBack in1896,the Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius realized that by burning coal we were adding carbon dioxide to the air,and that this would warm the Earth.But he mentioned the issue only in passing（顺便地），for his calculations suggested it would not become a problem for thousands of years.Others thought that the oceans would soak up any extra CO2,so there was nothing much to worry about.That this latter argument has persisted to this day in some quarters highlights our species’propensity（倾向）to underestimate the scale of our impact on the planet.Even the Earth’s vast oceans cannot suck up CO2as quickly as we can produce it,and we now know the stored CO2is acidifying the oceans,a problem in itself.Now a handful of researchers are warning that energy sources we normally think of as innocuous could affect the planet’s climate too.If we start to extract immense amounts of power from the wind,for instance,it will have an impact on how warmth and water move around the planet,and thus on temperatures and rainfall.Just to be clear,no one is suggesting we should stop building wind farms on the basis of this risk.Aside from the huge uncertainties about the climatic effects of extracting power from the wind,our present and near-term usage is far too tiny to make any difference.For the moment,any negative consequences on the climate are massively outweighed by the effects of pumping out even more CO2.That poses by far the greater environmental threat;weaning ourselves off fossil fuels should remain the priority.Even so,now it is the time to start thinking about the long-term effects of the alternative energy sources we are turning to.Those who have already started to look at these issues report weary, indifferent or even hostile reactions to their work.That’s understandable,but disappointing.These effects may be inconsequential,in which case all that will have been wasted is some research time that may well yield interesting insights anyway. Or they may turn out to be sharply negative,in which case the more notice we have,the better.It would be unfortunate to put it mildly,to spend countless trillions replacing fossil-fuel energy infrastructure（基础建设）only to discover that its successor（替代物）is also more damaging than it need be.These climatic effects may even be beneficial.The first,tentative models suggest that extracting large amounts of energy from high-altitude jet streams would cool the planet, counteracting the effects of rising greenhouse gases.It might even be possible to build an energy infrastructure that gives us a degree of control over the weather:turning off wind turbines here, capturing more of the sun’s energy there.We may also need to rethink our long-term research priorities.The sun is ultimately the only source of energy that doesn’t end up altering the planet’s energy balance.So the best bet might be invest heavily in improving solar technology and energy storage—rather than in efforts to harness, say,nuclear fusion.For the moment,all of this remains supposition（推测）.But our species has a tendency to myopia.We have nothing to lose,and everything to gain by taking the long view for a change.71.In the first two paragraphs,the author is trying to draw our attention to____.A.the escalating scale of the global warmingB.the division of scientists over the issue of global warmingC.reasons for us to worry about extra CO2for the oceansD.the human tendency to underestimate the harmful effects on the planet72.The author’s illustration of wind-power extraction reflects____.A.the priority of protecting the environmentB.the same human propensity as mentioned previouslyC.the best strategy of reducing the environmental threatD.the definite huge uncertainties about the climatic effects73.The author argues that it would be unfortunate to replace fossil fuels only to find out that____.A.the successors are also damagingB.the countless trillions spent are wastedC.the alternative energy sources don’t workD.the research invites indifferent or even hostile reactions74.According to the author,the best strategy is____.A.to counteract the effects of rising greenhouse gasesB.to develop a degree of control over the weatherC.to extract large amounts of energy from windD.to explore solar energy and its storage75.It can be concluded from the passage that we need to take the long view on____.A.human existence on the planetB.humanity’s energy suppliesC.our environmental threatsD.our tendency to myopiaPassage FourOptical illusions are like magic,thrilling us because of their capacity to reveal the fallibility of our senses But there’s more to them than that,according to Dr.Beau Lotto,who is wowing the scientific world with work that crosses the boundaries of art,neurology,natural history and philosophy.What they reveal,he says,is that the whole world is the creation of our brain.What we see, what we hear,feel and what we think we know is not a photographic reflection of the word,but an instantaneous unthinking calculation as to what is the most useful way of seeing the world.It’s a best guess based on the past experience of the individual,a long evolutionary past that has shaped the structure of our brains.The world is literally shaped by our pasts.Dr.Lotto,40,an American who is a reader in neuroscience at University College London,has set out to prove it in stunning visual illusions,sculptures and installations,which have been included in art-science exhibitions.He explains his complex ideas from the starting point of visual illusions,which far from revealing how fragile our senses are show how remarkably robust they are at providing a picture of the world that serves a purpose to us.For centuries,artists and scientists have noted that a grey dot looks lighter against a dark background than being against a light background.The conventional belief was that it was because of some way the brain and eye is intrinsically wired.But Dr.Lotto believes it’s a learnt response;in other words,we see the world not as it is but as it is useful to us.“Context is everything,because our brains have evolved to constantly re-define normality,”says Dr.Lotto.“What we see is defined by our own experiences of the past,but also by what the human race has experienced through its history.”This is illustrated by the fact that different cultures and communities have different viewpoints of the world,conditioned over generations.For example,Japanese people have a famous inability to distinguish between the“R”and the“L”sound.This arises because in Japanese the sounds are totally interchangeable.“Differentiating between them has never been useful,so the brain has never learnt to do it.It’s not just that Japanese people find it hard to tell the difference.They literally cannot hear the difference.”Dr.Lotto’s experiments are grounding more and more hypotheses in hard science.“Yes,mywork is idea-driven,”he says.“But lots of research,such as MRI brain scanning,is technique-driven.I don’t believe you can understand the brain by taking it out of its natural environment and looking at it in a laboratory.You have to look at what it evolved to do,and look at it in relationship to its ecology.”76.What does the word“them”in the first paragraph refer to?A.Human senses.B.The fallibility of senses.C.Revealing capacity.D.Optical illusions.77.According to the passage,what is known about Dr.Beau Lotto?A.Though he is a neuroscientist,he has shocked the scientific world with his extensiveresearch in art,neurology,natural history and philosophy.B.Dr.Lotto is a professor at University College Landon who is specialized in a number ofdisciplines such as art,neurology,natural history and philosophy.C.Dr.Lotto has been attempting to exhibit his creative productions in art-science exhibitionsin the hope of proving his idea on optical illusions.D.Dr.Lotto has set out to create visual illusions,sculptures and installations which wellcombined the knowledge of art,neurology,natural history and philosophy.78.Which of the following statements can be inferred from Dr.Lotto’s study?A.People should believe their brains rather than their eyes as the world,to a great measure,iscreated and shaped by human brain.B.People should never believe their senses for what they see,hear,feel,and the truth may becontrary to the photographic image of the world.C.People should never believe their eyes for what they see are only accidental and temporaryforms of the world,which varies in accordance with contexts.D.People should be aware that their eyes can play tricks on them as what they see is actuallycreated by their brains which are shaped by their past experiences.79.According to Dr.Lotto,what is the reason for the fact that a grey dot looks lighter against adark background than being against a light background?A.It is a fact that the dot emerged to be lighter against a dark background than being against alight one.B.Human senses are remarkably robust at providing a picture of the world that serves apurpose to us through what they have learnt from past experiences.C.It is because of some way the brain and eye is intrinsically wired.D.Because the context in which the little dot placed has changed to be lighter.80.Which of the following statements is true about the research in neuroscience?A.Investigation on the brain involves scrutinizing a network in which both environment andthe brain itself function together.B.Both idea-driven and technique-driven are popular research methods in research study inneuroscience.C.People cannot carry out research study on brain in laboratory where it is isolated fromhuman body.D.Brain can be investigated in isolation with other faculties and organs as long as the researchis carried out in proper natural context.Passage FiveThe biggest thing in operating rooms these days is a million-dollar,multi-armed robot named da Vinci,used in nearly400,000surgeries nationwide last year—triple the number just four years earlier.But now the high-tech helper is under scrutiny over reports of problems,including several deaths that may be linked with it and the high cost of using the robotic system.There also have been a few disturbing,freak incidents:a robotic hand that wouldn’t let go of tissue grasped during surgery and a robotic arm hit-ting a patient in the face as she lay on the operating table.Is it time to curb the robot enthusiasm?Some doctors say yes,concerned that the“wow”factor and heavy marketing have boosted use. They argue that there is not enough robust research showing that robotic surgery is at least as good or better than conventional surgeries.Many U.S.hospitals promote robotic surgery in patient brochures,online and even on highway billboards.Their aim is partly to attract business that helps pay for the costly robot.The da Vinci is used for operations that include removing prostates,gallbladders and wombs, repairing heart valves,shrinking stomachs and transplanting organs.Its use has increased worldwide, but the system is most popular in the United States.For surgeons,who control the robot while sitting at a computer screen rather than standing over the patient,these operations can be less tiring.Plus robot hands don’t shake.Advocates say patients sometimes have less bleeding and often are sent home sooner than with conventional laparoscopic surgeries and operations involving large incisions.But the Food and Drug Administration is looking into a spike in reported problems during robotic surgeries.Earlier this year,the FDA began a survey of surgeons using the robotic system. The agency conducts such surveys of devices routinely,but FDA spokeswoman Synim Rivers said the reason for it now“is the increase in number of reports received”about da Vinci.Reports filed since early last year include at least five deaths.Whether there truly are more problems recently is uncertain.Rivers said she couldn’t quantify the increase and that it may simply reflect more awareness among doctors and hospitals about the need to report problems.Doctors aren’t required to report such things;device makers and hospitals are.Company spokesman Geoff Curtis said Intuitive Surgical has physician-educators and other trainers who teach surgeons how to use the robot.But they don’t train them how to do specific procedures robotically,he said,and that it’s up to hospitals and surgeons to decide“if and when a surgeon is ready to perform robotic cases.”A2010New England Journal of Medicine essay by a doctor and a health policy analyst said surgeons must do at least150procedures to become adept at using the robotic system.But there is no expert consensus on how much training is needed.New Jersey banker Alexis Grattan did a lot of online research before her gallbladder was removed last month at Hackensack University Medical Center.She said the surgeon’s many years of experience with robotic operations was an important factor.She also had heard that the surgeon was among the first to do the robotic operation with just one small incision in the belly button,instead of four cuts in conventional keyhole surgery.81.Why did FDA begin to scrutinize da Vinci?A.The number used in operation has been tripled.B.It is too expensive.C.It is reported to have frequent mechanical breakdown.wsuits increase with death case reports.82.According to some doctors,which of the following is NOT the reason to curb the enthusiasmfor da Vinci?A.The high cost causes unreasonable marketing.B.It is not as good as traditional surgeries.C.It needs more statistics to prove its value.D.It is necessary for doctors to consider some problems.83.What does FDA spokeswoman Synim Rivers mean?A.Doctors and hospitals should be responsible for those problems.B.It is doctors that think da Vinci robots are problematic.C.There are so many problems reports that FDA has to do an enquiry.D.FDA hasn’t finished the previous enquiry about the surgeons who used robots.84.What is correct about training according to the Geoff Curtis?A.A lack of sufficient training on the part of surgeons.B.A lack of sufficient training an the part of company.C.Doctors and hospitals are not sufficiently trained on specific procedures.D.Doctors and hospitals are not sufficiently trained on how to use robots.85.What is the best title for this passage?A.Four Hands Better than Two?B.Too Good to Be TrueC.Smart RobotsD.Who Is the Killer?Passage SixIn a poor,inland,gang-infested part of Los Angeles,there is a clinic for people with type1 diabetes.As part of the country health care system,it serves persons who have fallen through all other safety-net options,the poorest of the poor.Although type2diabetes is rampant in this part of。
华侨大学 历年真题汇总+答案
中外建筑史一名称解释:四阿顶:(04) 即四面坡的庑殿顶，宋代称四阿顶，或称五脊殿。
举折: (04) 为取得凹曲屋面，需要相应地确定步架的高度。
这种方法，宋《营造法式》中称为“举折”步架: (04) 檩与檩中心线之间的水平距离称为步架，宋代梁以步架数命名。
草架: (04)收分：（04）院落: (06)模数: (06)补间铺作: (07)宋代建筑位于两柱之间阑额上的外檐斗栱称补间铺作，即清代的平身科。
补间铺作的数量，通常当心间用2朵。
其他次、稍各间用1朵。
各补间铺作的分布尽量使之间隔大体匀称。
藻井: (07) 是平棊向上凹入的部分，通常位于天花板的核心位置。
常见的是八角形的“斗八藻井”，也有圆藻井，藻井的设置起到了烘托空间和强化空间重点的作用。
减柱造: (07)叠涩: (08) 以砖石层层向外出跳之法，用于砖石建筑的出檐，或须弥座束腰上下枋的出跳。
普拍枋: (08)宋代建筑阑额与柱顶上四周交圈的一种木构件，犹如一道腰箍梁介于柱子与斗拱之间，既起拉结木构架作用，又可与阑额共同承载补间铺作，明清称为平板枋。
移住造: (08)柱式: (04) 古希腊柱式源于木结构，建筑的改进集中于柱子、檐部与基座以及各个构件本身的处理，逐渐形成了稳定成套的做法，后被古罗马人称为“柱式”，所谓柱式即决定古希腊建筑形式的柱子格式，是古希腊崇尚人体美的美学观点在建筑上的典型反映。
帕拉提奥母题: (04) 意大利文艺复兴时期帕拉帝奥大胆创造的一种券柱式。
具体做法是在每间中央按适当比例发一个券，券脚落在两个独立的小柱子上，上面架着额枋，小额枋之上开一个圆洞，每开间里有3个小间。
构图特点：虚实互生、有无相成；方的、圆的对比丰富；小柱子与大柱子也形成了尺度的对比，映照着立面的雄伟。
后常常被引用，不过适应性较小。
代表：圣马可图书馆二楼立面、巴齐礼拜堂内部侧墙。
帆拱: (04) 拜占庭时期为解决在平面上盖穹顶的几何形状承接过渡问题的做法。
华侨大学管理信息系统2009--2015,2017考研专业课真题试卷
先进的财务管理系统，利用先进的信息技术推动公司管理水平不断迈向新台阶。
理论上民航业好像很简单，上海航空公司信息技术部王经理说：“民用航空运输业就是把客人从甲地送到乙地”。
当然实际上要做的远多于此，也远比运输过程复杂。
关于航线、班次、时刻、营销策略、运行控制、人员配置和其他资源配置的决策都必须依据相关可用的信息做出。
可用的信息越多越及时，做出的决策就越好。
上海航空公司深知要做到这一点，关键是要把所有关于其运营、市场、财务和客户的数据整合起来，加以综合性分析。
如何使公司关键业务部门及时有效地访问到决策所需的信息，对于做出正确的决策是很重要的。
例如，商务部门可能需要信息来回答这样一些问题：旅客的旅行需求是什么？旅客预订的规律如何？每个航班的旅客数量、票价和收益如何？应该新开哪些航线？调整哪些航线？运行部门需要知道：航班运行问题的关键因素在哪里？航班应该如何调整、有多少机组资源可用、航班运行质量如何？由于所有这类信息都出自同一个权威性的来源，上海航空公司经理才能对未来的发展提出战略设想。
关键业务部门也能及时捕捉到市场的微妙变化，并进行需求预测。
由于上海航空公司能以更加智能和有效的方式利用其信息，使得这家航空公司在当今充满挑战的中国民航市场中更好地运营。
请你根据以上材料回答以下几个问题：（1）航空公司客运业务需要做些什么决策？每项决策需要什么信息？（2）案例中的“同一个权威性的来源”指什么？（3）你认为哪一类信息系统可以回答上海航空公司的商务部门和运行部门的问题？请说明系统的输入和输出？2.某公司是国内500强且在上市的大型企业。
为了提高管理水平和管理规范化程度，公司准备投入巨资实施ERP项目。
经过一番调研和比较后，公司决定委托某著名咨询公司为其实施信息化。
咨询方派出小组到该公司进行了实地调研后，给出一套调研咨询报告和流程重组、ERP实施方案。
方案的要点是：希望公司按照国际先进的管理模式，彻底改造企业原有的业务和运作流程，严格按ERP软件所给出的模式工作。
华侨大学 综合考试(无机化学+有机化学) 2017年博士研究生考博真题
9.共价键和孤对电子之间具有排斥力，下列键角中， 角度最小的是
。
10.下列卤代烃，发生 SN2 反应时，反应速率最快的是
。
二、填空题，有立体选择性的需注明（每空格 2 分，共 26 分） ： 1.BeH2、 CCl4 分子中中心原子的杂化方式及空间结构分别为____ (1) ___， ___(2)___ __。 2.下列反应组成原电池（M 为金属） ：M(s)+2H+(1 mol· L-1)→M2+(0.1 mol· L-1)+H2(100kPa)， 测得其电池的电动势为 0.50V，则 EӨ (M2+/M)= (4) 。 (5) 。 (3) ，该反应的平衡常数 KӨ＝
3
4. 酰胺用溴 ( 或氯 ) 在碱性条件下处理转变为少一个碳原子的伯胺，此反应也称为
Hofmann 重排(降解)反应。试以 RCONH2 为列，写出以上反应的机理与产物。 （6 分） 五、合成题（共 12 分，每题 6 分） 1.频哪醇重排反应是构建螺环烃的重要方法，请利用此反应合成以下化合物。
2.在 1.0L 溶液中， 当 Na2SO4 初始浓度为多少时， 才能将 0.20molBaCO3 完全转化为 BaSO4 沉淀？如果需要将 0.20molBaSO4 完全转化为 BaCO3，则需要 1.0L 多大初始浓度的 Na2CO3 溶液。 （5 分）已知 KspӨ (BaCO3)=5.1× 10-9 ， KspӨ (BaSO4)=1.1× 10-10 3.-卤代酮在氢氧化钠水溶液中加热重排生成含相同碳原子数的羧酸， 此反应也称之为 Favorskii 重排反应。试以-溴代酮为原料，写出以上反应的机理与产物。 （6 分）
1.776
H2O，EBӨ/V：O2 －0.08 HO2－ 0.87 H2O 。 (B) 只有在碱性溶液中才能发生 (D) 在酸、碱性溶液中都不能发生
华侨大学自动控制原理2009--2017考研专业课真题试卷
1 初始状态 x 0 ，输入 u t 为单位阶跃函数。 1 9. （本题共 15 分） 离散系统见图所示， 其中传递函数为 G( s) 采样周期 T 1s 。试分析系统的稳定性。
r (t ) e (t ) Ts
H (s)
10 ，H ( s ) 1 ， s( s 1)
。其中 r，n 为输入，c 为输出。 K 0 , K1 , T 均为常数。
3． （本题共 15 分）单位反馈系统的闭环传递函数为
G( s)
( 1 s 1)( 1 s 1) ( m s 1) (T1 s 1)(T2 s 1) (Tn s 1)
求系统在单位斜坡函数作用下的稳态误差。
3、 （本题共 15 分）单位反馈系统的闭环传递函数为
G (s) ( 1 s 1)( 1 s 1) ( m s 1) (T1 s 1)(T2 s 1) (Tn s 1)
求系统在单位斜坡函数作用下的稳态误差。
4、 （本题共 20 分）已知单位反馈系统的开环传递函数 Gk ( s )
G ( s) H ( s)
20
K ( s 5) ( s 1)( s 3)
3
1
1
847
20 ( )
20 fT 0 1 A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 b 0 1 0 1 -1 -2
o
( A, b)
1 j
1 0
0 0 11 0
20
T=1s
4
Ts
(z)
r (t )
1 e s
1 s ( s 1)
c(t )
G (s)
e * (t )
y (t )
共 3 页
2017年华侨港澳台联考试卷真题--物理试题
绝密★启用前2017年中华人民共和国普通高等学校联合招收华侨、港澳地区、台湾省学生入学考试物理一、选择题：本大题共13小题，每小题4分，共52分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．下列实验中，验证了光具有粒子性的是（A ）卢瑟福的α粒子散射实验（B ）密立根油滴实验（C ）杨氏双缝干涉实验（D ）康普顿散射实验2．两块相距20cm 的平行金属板之间的电场强度为35.010N/C ⨯，则两金属板的电势差是（A ）1.0V （B ）2.5V （C ）1.0kV （D ）2.5kV3．在光滑水平面上，0t =时开始用水平恒力F 拉一物体，物体从静止开始运动。
在00t 时间内F 做功为1W ，在002t t 时间内F 做功为2W ，则21:W W 为（A ）1（B ）2（C ）3（D ）44．一定质量的理想气体，在某缓慢变化的过程中其内能的增量与它从外界吸收的热量相等，则该过程可能是（A ）等温膨胀过程（B ）等压膨胀过程（C ）等容升温过程（D ）等压压缩过程5．两颗卫星绕着同一行星做圆周运动。
已知卫星S 1的轨道半径是71.210⨯m ，周期是68.010⨯s 。
卫星S 2的轨道半径是63.010⨯m ，则S 2的周期是（A ）61.010⨯s （B ）62.010⨯s （C ）73.210⨯s （D ）76.410⨯s6．如图，用绝缘细绳将两个相同的金属线圈M 、N 吊在天花板上，线圈平面均与水平面平行。
线圈M 与天花板之间细绳中的张力用1T 表示，线圈M 、N 之间细绳中的张力用2T 表示。
给两线圈中通以相反方向的电流，则电流稳定后与通电流之前相比，（A ）1T 减小，2T 增加（B ）1T 不变，2T 增加（C ）1T 不变，2T 减小（D ）1T 增加，2T 减小7．如图，两质量相等的木块M 、N 放在水平面上，两者与水平面间的动摩擦因数相同。
M 、N 之间用轻绳连接，绳拉直后与水平面之间不平行。
华侨大学2017年《263法语(二外)》考研专业课真题试卷
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6. 某炼油厂拟建一废水处理站，废水来自石油炼制和石油化工生产装置。废水量2000m3/d ，BOD5 250 mg/l，COD 330 mg/l，酚100 mg/l，油100mg/l, pH值68。请提出一个可行的废水处理工艺流程。要求标明各构筑物名称，并简要论述选择原 因。（20分）
共3页 第2页
招生专业 结构工程 科目名称 计算方法
科目代码 2084
4. 某污水处理厂处理城市生活污水和工业废水的混合污水，处理能力Q= 15000m3/d，其中生活污水Qs = 10000m3/d，COD浓度Sd = 350mg/L；工业废水Qi = 5000m3/d，COD浓度Si = 800mg/L。若按照GB18918-2002一级A排放标准（COD ≤ 50mg/L）要求，则该污水处理厂COD的去除率至少应为多少？（15分）
1
3
3
第5题 （20分） 已知一组实验数据
用最小二乘法求其经验公式
xi 1 2 3 4 yi 60 30 20 15 y aebx ，并估计误差。
共3页 第1页
招生专业 结构工程 科目名称 计算方法
科目代码 2084
第二部分（市政水安全工程方向考生做）
计算题（100分）
1. 某城市污水排水量为1.33 m3/s，受纳河流的流量为8.5 m3/s，流速3.2km/h。废水和河水的温度分别为20℃和15℃，BOD5分别为200mg/L和1.0m g/L，溶解氧的饱和度分别为0和90%。又已知耗氧反应速率常数k1=0.3d1和复氧速率常数k2=0.7d-1 (皆以20℃条件下计，它们的温度系数分别为1.135和1.024)。求极限亏氧点的所在位置 及此处的溶解氧量。（已知15℃时，饱和溶解氧浓度为10.07mg/L）（20分）
2. 一种强酸型阳离子交换树脂用于去除水中某单价X+离子，为将刚用过的该树脂再生到
其总交换容量的90%程度，问能否使用[H+]=0.35mol/L和[总阳离子]=0.5mol/L的强酸性
溶液达到再生的目的？已知选择系数
K
H X
=0.67。（15分）
3. 某地表水源水的总碱度为0.20mmol/L（以CaO计），混凝过程中投加28mg/L的市售精致 硫酸铝（Al2O3含量为16%）作为混凝剂。为保证混凝效果，若控制出水剩余碱度至0.37m mol/L（以CaO计），则石灰（纯度为50%）的投加量应为多少mg/L？（Al2O3和CaO分子量 分别按102和56计）（15分）
试用2次插值多 项式估算f(0.472)。方法不限。
0.49 0.511668
3
第2题 （20分） 找出方程 x5 3x 1 0 的任意1个实根。方法不限。
第3题 （20分）
3 2 7 x1 4
迭代法解线性方程组 8
2
3
x2
5
4 6 1 x3 13
第4题 （20分）
指出积分公式 1 f (x)dx f ( 1 ) f ( 1 ) 的代数精度。
共3页 第3页
华侨大学2017年博士研究生入学考试专业课试卷
（答案必须写在答题纸上）
招生专业 结构工程 科目名称 计算方法
科目Байду номын сангаас码
市政水安全工程方向考生做第二部分，其他方向考生做第一部分
第一部分（非市政水安全工程方向考生做）
第1题 （20分） 已知函数f(x)的一些数据
xi
0.46
0.47
0.48
f(xi) 0.4846555 0.4937452 0.5027498