湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2019届高三历史上学期期中试题(含解析)
鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2018年秋季期中联考高三历史试卷考试时间：2018年11月6日上午10：00—11：30试卷满分：100分第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共48分）本大题共24小题，每小题2分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是正确的。
1.辟雍是周天子祭祀祖先、布政、施教等活动的综合性场所。
周天子在开放空间通过礼乐仪式将传统风俗习惯和国家治理规范传递给无数受众。
由此可见，辟雍的主要社会功能是A. 聚集宗室功臣，巩固集权政治B. 和谐贵族关系，促进社会和睦C. 区分血缘亲疏，维护等级秩序D. 传递知识信仰，增强文化认同【答案】D【解析】【详解】从材料中的“周天子在开放空间通过礼乐仪式将传统风俗习惯和国家治理规范传递给无数受众”来看，辟雍在当时的主要社会功能是通过传递知识信仰，来增强文化上的认同感。
故答案为D项。
西周时期还没有建立起集权政治，排除A项；B项不符合材料主旨，排除；材料没有涉及血缘亲疏，排除C项。
2.《荀子·富国篇》认为“今是土之生五谷也，人善治之，则亩数盆，一岁而再获之；夫天地之生万物也，固有余足以食人矣”。
这主要反映了A. 五谷为主要种植作物B. 男耕女织的生产方式C. 精耕细作的生产特点D. 人定胜天的哲学思想【答案】C【解析】【详解】从材料中的“人善治之，则亩益数盆，一岁而再获之”可以看出，材料信息反映的是当时农业生产特别重视人的细致操作、遵循农业生产规律，提高单位面积内的收获，体现了中国传统农业精耕细作的特点。
故答案为C项。
材料不是强调五谷在农作物中的地位，排除A项；材料没有反映生产方式，排除B项；材料信息没有反映人定胜天的思想，排除D项。
【点睛】春秋战国时期，农业发达地区开始采用牛耕技术和铁制农具；汉代，牛耕逐渐普及全国，铁制农具的数量也大大超过前代；唐代出现了结构更为完备的曲辕犁。
农业耕作工具的发明和改进，促使农产品亩产量逐渐提高，在农业经济发展中起着关键性的作用。
以铁犁牛耕为主要耕作方式的中国传统农业经济，农民占有少量的生产资料，在自己有限的土地上，努力提高耕作技术，为我国农业的精耕细作作出了重要贡献。
3.汉初儒学知识分子积极主动地寻求与统治者合作，力图实现学术为社会服务的政治构想……使儒学成为建立在中国传统宗法伦理之上的严密哲学体系。
材料说明汉初儒学知识分子A. 适应了专制主义中央集权加强的需要B. 继承了先秦儒学并使之上升为官方哲学C. 使儒学思想根植于悠久的传统文化中D. 形成了三纲五常的传统宗法伦理哲学观【答案】A【解析】【详解】随着汉初六十多年休养生息政策带来经济实力逐渐恢复和增强，为加强中央集权，适应国家统一的发展形势，积极有为的政治思想成为时代的需要。
汉武帝时期儒学被确立为正统思想，是由于汉初儒学知识分子适应了专制主义中央集权加强的需要。
故答案为A项。
汉武帝接受的是被改造后的新儒学，排除B项；汉初儒学知识分子使儒学适应时代需要，排除C项；D项是为巩固君权的需要，排除。
【点睛】为适应汉武帝建立大一统政治体制的需要，董仲舒把诸子百家中道家、法家和阴阳五行家的一些思想糅合到儒家思想中，加以改造，形成新的儒学体系。
董仲舒提出“春秋大一统”和“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”，宣扬君权神授、“天人合一”和“天人感应”学说，为巩固君权维护统治秩序提出“三纲五常”的为人处世的道德标准。
自汉之后，儒家思想成为历代统治者推崇的正统思想，逐渐成为两千多年来中国传统文化的主流。
4.九品中正制并非南北朝时期惟一的选举制度。
在南北朝后期，统治者采取了考试取士的选举方式。
这一现象的出现，主要是由于A. 察举制“举孝廉”的影响B. 士族门阀势力的衰落C. 封建“庄园制”经济发展D. 儒学正统地位的巩固【答案】B【解析】【详解】从材料中的“在南北朝后期，统治者采取了考试取士的选举方式”可以看出，由于士族门阀势力的衰落，统治者有条件也有必要通过考试的方式选拔官员。
故答案为B项。
察举制不是考试取仕，排除A项；C项与材料信息无关，排除；南北朝时期儒学正统地位受到冲击，排除D项。
5.下表为不同文献关于唐朝土地状况的记述，由此可以推知A. 土地自由买卖得到法律保护B. 政府对土地的实际控制力有限C. 士农工商社会结构发生变化D. 政府推行不抑兼并的土地政策【答案】B【解析】【详解】从材料信息来看，唐朝时期存在土地买卖和寺观、富豪侵吞土地的现象，说明政府对土地的实际控制力有限。
故答案为B项。
材料没有反映官府对土地买卖的政策，排除A项；材料没有涉及社会结构的变化，排除C项；唐朝实行限制土地买卖的政策，不是不抑兼并，排除D项。
【点睛】材料型选择题多在题干和选项中提供一则或数则材料，要求学生在读懂材料的基础上，透过材料发现其背后的历史事实，按照题干的指向和要求，找出正确选项。
解答材料型选择题一般分三步进行：第一，通过看引文的出处和其他有关信息，确定材料所涉及的历史背景。
第二，读懂材料，弄清材料内容及相关的人物或事件。
第三，搞清备选项的内涵与题干的关系，找出符合题目要求和历史事实的备选项。
有些选项也许本身是正确的，但材料中反应不出来，不能选择。
6.唐玄宗开元年间，一些政务文书出现“中书省官员署名之后，门下省官员写上‘奉敕如右，牒到奉行’，注明时间并署名”现象。
这表明A. 两省职权模糊互不牵制B. 中枢权力体系发生变化C. 两省共同草拟政务文书D. 专制主义中央集权削弱【答案】B【解析】【详解】从材料中的“门下省官员写上‘奉敕如右，牒到奉行’”来看，说明唐朝时期的三省体制已经较为完善，职责明确，各负其责。
故答案为B项。
中书、门下职权明确，互相牵制，排除A项；中书省草拟政务文书，排除C项；三省体制加强了君主专制，排除D项。
7.元代行省区划以中央军事控制为目的，人为地造成犬牙交错和以北制南局面。
这一局面A. 继承了秦汉以来的地方行政区划原则B. 强化了地方经济文化一体化趋势C. 促进了各族人民政治经济与文化交流D. 为行省在全国的定型奠定了基础【答案】C【解析】【详解】材料中的“犬牙交错和以北制南局面”导致经济、文化和民族状况差异较大的地区构成一个地方行政单位，有利于各族人民政治经济与文化交流。
故答案为C项。
行省制是元朝首创，排除A项；从“人为地”来看，实行行省制之前地方没有出现经济政治一体化的趋势，排除B项；D项不符合材料主旨，排除。
【点睛】元朝行省的划界原则，一改前代以山川形便为主的做法，明确以犬牙交错为主导，目的是从根本上消除行省赖以自重的自然地理之险、区域经济之利、一方民众之心，这在中国古代地方行政区划史上具有转折意义。
元朝实行行省制的主观目的是为加强中央集权，但在客观上促进了各族人民政治经济与文化交流。
8.苏州地区明清碑刻中常见“切铺均隶浙绍，在长元吴三邑各处，开张浇造烛铺，城乡共一百余家”，“职等原籍常郡……遵例领帖纳税，开设猪行”，“身等原籍溧水等邑，在苏开张水灶为业，缘异乡投苏，帮伙甚多”等文句。
这主要说明了当时A. 同乡同业现象普遍B. 城市手工业发达C. 城乡之间差距缩小D. 地域性商帮活跃【答案】A【解析】【详解】从材料反映的来自“浙绍”的手工业者“开张浇造烛铺”、来自“常郡”的商人“开设猪行”、来自“溧水等邑，在苏开张水灶为业”来看，原籍相同的工商业者在苏州地区往往是从事相同的职业，即同乡同业现象普遍。
故答案为A项。
材料没有反映苏州地区的手工业发展程度，排除B项；材料没有涉及城乡差距，排除C项；材料反映的只是苏州地区的工商业状况，不能说明地域性商帮活跃，排除D项。
9.明朝中后期，一批描写市民生活的文人士子更多地使用通俗生动的日常语言，塑造了众多商人、手工业者和市井小民的形象。
文学领域的这种现象表明了A. 封建等级观念受到冲击B. 社会价值观重新整合C. 文学作品创作贴近生活D. 私营手工业发展迅速【答案】C【解析】【详解】明朝时期商品经济发展，市民阶层不断扩大，为适应市民阶层文化生活的需要，文学作品采用通俗易懂的语言，塑造为普通人接受的市民阶层的形象，说明文学作品的创作贴近生活。
故答案为C项。
A项材料不能反映，排除；材料没有反映社会价值观的变化，排除B 项；材料没有涉及私营手工业的发展状况，排除D项。
【点睛】明清时期封建经济的繁荣特别是城市经济的发展，中国社会经济出现了新景象，社会生活日趋丰富，为明清小说的创作提供了丰富的文学题材。
商品经济的发展，使市民阶层追逐物质利益和个性解放自由的观念增强，传统严谨的文学形式无法满足这一要求。
小说在语言的使用、完整表达及故事性等方面具有独到的优势，来满足市民阶层的这些愿望。
明清时期，为适应市民生活的需要，小说创作进入蓬勃发展阶段。
10.下表为洋务运动时期创办的近代工业。
由此可知，洋务运动A. 以“中体西用”为指导思想B. 求富思想与日俱增C. 推动了近代民族工业的兴起D. 自强思想贯穿始终【答案】D【解析】【详解】洋务派创办军事工业是打着“自强”的旗号，目的是增强国力特别是军事力量。
从材料反映的洋务运动自始至终都有军事工业的创办来看，说明洋务运动中的“自强”思想贯穿始终。
故答案为D项。
A、C项符合史实，但材料没有反映，排除；材料反映的是军事工业的创办，与“求富”无关，排除B项。
【点睛】洋务运动旧称“同光新政”。
该运动是19世纪60—90年代洋务派所进行的一场引进西方军事装备、机器生产和科学技术以维护封建统治的“自强”、“求富”运动。
甲午中日战争中北洋水师全军覆没，宣告洋务运动的失败。
洋务运动进行30多年虽然没有使中国富强起来，但引进了西方先进的科学技术，培养了一批科技人才，使中国出现了第一批近代企业，在客观上为中国民族资本主义的产生和发展起到了促进作用，对本国封建经济的瓦解也起到了一定的推动作用。
11.19世纪末20世纪初，部分中国知识分子关心国家民族的前途命运，以“天下兴亡、匹夫有责”的豪情，公开揭露和批判清王朝的专制统治，向封建专制制度发出了强有力的挑战。
这一挑战A. 是对传统儒学思想的新发展B. 体现了救亡图存的时代主题C. 受西方民主思想传播的影响D. 动摇了儒学思想的正统地位【答案】B【解析】【详解】甲午中日战争后，帝国主义掀起瓜分中国的狂潮，在此背景下“知识分子关心国家民族的前途命运”起来开展斗争，向封建专制制度挑战，体现了救亡图存的时代主题。
故答案为B项。
这一挑战不是为发展儒学，而是为救国救民，排除A项；“天下兴亡匹夫有责”的主张与西方民主思想无关，排除C项；这一挑战与儒学地位无关，排除D项。
【点睛】在甲午中日战争后签订的《马关条约》的刺激下，列强争相在中国划分“势力范围”，强占殖民地，掀起瓜分中国的狂潮。
中国社会的半殖民地化程度大大加深。
随着民族危机的加深，中国人民反抗帝国主义侵略的斗争日益高涨。
2019年春季湖北省重点高中联考协作体期中考试-高三文综历史答案
2019年春季湖北省重点高中联考协作体期中考试高三文综历史试卷答案24.A【详解】题干材料“上古竞于道德，中世逐于智谋，当今争于气力”反映了韩非子分析了上古、中世、当今三个阶段不同的社会形势，主张改革变法，富国强兵，进行争霸战争，这体现了与时俱进的特点，故A正确；韩非子强调“当今争于气力”，而不是继承历史传统，故B错误；材料主旨不是客观总结历史规律，而是强调与时俱进，故C错误；材料信息并未涉及抨击社会礼崩乐坏的思想，而且抨击社会礼崩乐坏属于儒家思想的内容，故D错误。
25.B【详解】根据题干信息“王与马共天下”“上层士族通过九品官人法不断掌控朝政，占据高位…成为门阀政治…”可知东晋时期世家大族受皇族重用，并且垄断仕途、干预朝政，故B项正确。
A项，门阀政治加强了阶层固化，不利于封建国家扩大统治基础，故不能体现政治制度上的进步，排除。
C项，材料提到九品官人法即九品中正制度，其选拔依据是门第出身而非经济基础，故排除。
D项，材料中九品官人法以家世门第为标准，考试选官为科举制的特点，故排除。
26.C【详解】材料中唐宋时期城市“坊市制”的崩溃，导致大量农村市场和中小城市的产生，这有利于社会经济的商品化，故答案为C项。
唐朝时期我国的城市功能仍以政治功能为主，排除A项；材料中并未说明商品生产规模的扩大，排除B 项；D项夸大其词，与史实不符，排除。
27.C【详解】材料中几处提及活字印刷的信息，“此有皇统纪元年号（金熙宗1141年），及李稀造题字一行，用括字排集成之，乃括字版传世之最先者”说明南宋时期才有活字印刷术，其余三则说明的是北宋时期，可见最迟南宋时期才有活字印刷，故C项正确；材料没有涉及到元朝活字印刷术取代雕版印刷术，故A项说法错误；佛经仍然是雕版印刷，故B项错误；泥活字印刷术流传并不是广泛，故D项错误。
28.D【详解】结合所学知识可知，“天无不动之物”的观点主张运动是绝对的，这体现了向近代科学转变的特征，故D符合题意；1889年戊戌变法尚未发生，故A 不符合题意；洋务运动已经开始向西方学习，故B不符合题意；材料主旨并不是强调科举变革的要求，故C不符合题意。
湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试题
【校级联考】湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟2019届高三上学期期中考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择These are some of Nicest Small Towns in America everyone should visit before they're 50.Jacksonville, OregonOne of the original major cities of the Gold Rush, Jacksonville was founded in the early 1850s by pioneers hoping to become rich. The entire town, was designated as a U.S.National Landmark in the 1960s, so it's definitely worth visiting, especially if you're a history buff. Jacksonville is home to over 100 National Historical buildings sprinkled throughout the community in the heart of Oregon's wine country and surrounded by gorgeous greenery, so there really is something for everyone.Traverse City, MichiganLocated on the shores of Lake Michigan, Traverse City is the best outdoor and water activities destination. In the warmer months, you'll find everyone hiking and biking the numerous trails and participating in the most popular recreational water sports kayaking, fishing, windsurfing, and paddleboarding. There's also golfing and bird watching for those who are looking for a more leisurely vacation. July is an especially busy month in Traverse City, as it's when hundreds of thousands of visitors come in for the National Cherry Festival. And the many farm-to-table dining options, breweries, wineries, and distilleries make it a destination worth visiting even in the winter.Sedona, ArizonaBesides its famous gorgeous red rock geography which is truly a jaw-dropping natural wonder, Sedona is known for its eclectic art scene, near-perfect weather, and of course, fantastic food and wine. Sedona truly has it all, whether you're looking for a girl's spa weekend, an outdoor family excursion-based trip, or a romantic getaway. There's really no bad time to visit because events like art festivals, concerts, and cusine tastings happen year-round thanks to the warm weather.Beaufort, South CarolinaIf you've ever watched the legendary movie Forrest Gump, you've already seen parts ofone of the best small towns in America: Beaufort, South Carolina. As the second-oldest city in South Carolina, Beaufort is known for its antebellum mansions and historic downtown district. Since Beaufort is located right on Port Royal Island, there are a ton of popular water sports like fishing and boating, in addition to wonderful, fresh seafood. The city is also known as one of America's best art towns thanks to its dozens of museums, film festivals, and art galleries. Bay Street is Beaufort's main road that borders the harbor where you'll find plenty of good restaurants and local shops.Port Townsena, WashingtonIt is one of Washington's greatest Victorian seaside towns and just one of three historic Victorian seaports in the entire United States. Situated on the northeastern tip of the Olympic Peninsula, you'll find a nature lover's paradise with the sea on one side and the Fort Worden Historical State Park on the other. In addition to the local shops, brightly colored mansions, and historic buildings that line the ocean side streets, Port Townsend puts on award-winning theater productions and hosts a variety of concerts, cultural events, and festivals all year round.1．If you are interested in history of America, which towns are your better choice ________. A．Beaufort, South Carolina and Sedona, ArizonaB．Jacksonville, Oregon and Traverse City, MichiganC．Sedona, Arizona and Port Townsend, WashingtonD．Jacksonville, Oregon and Beaufort, South Carolina2．According to the passage, in how many towns you can enjoy many tasty foods?A．5 B．4C．3 D．23．What is common to Traverse City, Sedona and Port Townsend?A．There are many outdoor water sports you can enjoy.B．You can probably have fun there whenever you go to these places.C．It's easy for you to taste good wine there.D．The weather is always warm in those towns.二、七选五The Art of Slow ReadingIf you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. 4．Theysuggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. 5．But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.6．A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. What's to be done then? Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is the answer. 7．Personally, I'm not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I am switching constantly between sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. 8．You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you're still reading my article, that is slow reading.A．The Internet is probably part of the problem.B．Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.C．These are the two findings from the recent research projects.D．But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.E.Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.F.Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.G.Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.三、完形填空It was the day before my daughter's birthday. I'd just collected her from preschool when she cautioned me to 9 the elderly person walking across the car park. l was struck by her 10 and had no idea how much she really 11 it.The following day--her birthday-we decided to buy cupcakes for her. After we 12the cupcakes, Norah was busy standing up in the trolley(手推车), 13 waving and happily declaring, "Hi, old person! It's my birthday today!" 14 I could stop her calling him an old person, the stone-faced man 15 to hen His expression softened as he replied, "Well, hello, little lady! And how old are you today? "They 16 for a few minutes, he wished her a happy birthday, and we went our 17 ways. A few minutes later, Norah asked me if she could take a 18 with the old man. I agreed. We found the man a couple of shelves over, and I approached him. When I told him Norah's 19 , his expression changed from 20 to shocked finally to delighted. He took a step back, steadied himself on his shopping trolley, and 21 his free hand on his chest. "A photo? With me?" he asked. "Yes, Sir, for my birthday!" Norah begged. And so he did. I 22 my iPhone, and they posed together. Norah placed her soft hand on top of his hand. He wordlessly stared at her with 23 eyes as she kept his hand in hers. I asked his name, and he told us to call him Dan. We were 24 other shoppers, but they didn't care. There was 25 happening in the supermarket that day, and we could all sense it.That afternoon I 26 the story and a photo of the two of them on the Facebook. Later that night, I received a private 27 from a local reader who recognized Mr. Dan. He told me Dan's wife had passed away six months earlier and he wanted to let me know that he was certain Dan's heart was touched by my little girl and Dan would never forget that 28 with my daughter.9．A．spot B．delay C．mind D．stop 10．A．selflessness B．carefulness C．loneliness D．thoughtfulness 11．A．meant B．ended C．proved D．showed 12．A．kept up B．picked up C．turned up D．put up 13．A．excitedly B．disappointedly C．calmly D．anxiously 14．A．After B．Before C．Since D．Until 15．A．turned B．referred C．appealed D．walked 16．A．hesitated B．chatted C．rested D．waited 17．A．regular B．single C．separate D．natural 18．A．picture B．walk C．rest D．break 19．A．dream B．command C．request D．suggestion 20．A．nervous B．upset C．confused D．impatient21．A．reached B．placed C．touched D．patted 22．A．pulled out B．put down C．turned off D．glanced at 23．A．glaring B．twinkling C．sharp D．big 24．A．blocking B．delaying C．preventing D．interrupting 25．A．discount B．magic C．incident D．embarrassment 26．A．posted B．wrote C．read D．printed 27．A．note B．gift C．message D．report 28．A．connection B．combination C．construction D．contribution四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省重点高中联考协作体2019届高三上学期期中考试高三历史试卷(PDF版)
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湖北省颚东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2019届高三上学期期中英语试卷(含答案)
20．What will the speaker do next?A．Talk about the Andes Mountains.B．Read out stories on air.C．Interview past winners.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AThese are some of Nicest Small Towns in America everyone should visit before they’re50. Jacksonville,OregonOne of the original major cities of the Gold Rush,Jacksonville was founded in the early1850s by pioneers hoping to become rich.The entire town,was designated as a U.S.National Landmark in the1960s, so it’s definitely worth visiting,especially if you’re a history buff.Jacksonville is home to over100 National Historical buildings sprinkled throughout the community in the heart of Oregon’s wine country and surrounded by gorgeous greenery,so there really is something for everyone.Traverse City,MichiganLocated on the shores of Lake Michigan,Traverse City is the best outdoor and water activities destination.In the warmer months,you’ll find everyone hiking and biking the numerous trails and participating in the most popular recreational water sports—kayaking,fishing,windsurfing,and paddleboarding.There’s also golfing and bird watching for those who are looking for a more leisurely vacation.July is an especially busy month in Traverse City,as it’s when hundreds of thousands of visitors come in for the National Cherry Festival.And the many farm-to-table dining options,breweries,wineries, and distilleries make it a destination worth visiting even in the winter.Sedona,ArizonaBesides its famous gorgeous red rock geography—which is truly a jaw-dropping natural wonder, Sedona is known forits eclectic art scene,near-perfect weather,and of course,fantastic food and wine．Sedona truly has it all,whether you’re looking for a girl’s spa weekend,an outdoor family excursion-based trip,or a romantic getaway.There’s really no bad time to visit because events like art festivals,concerts,and cusine tastings happen year-round thanks to the warm weather.Beaufort,South CarolinaIf you’ve ever watched the legendary movie Forrest Gump,you’ve already seen parts of one of the best small towns in America:Beaufort,South Carolina.As the second-oldest city in South Carolina, Beaufort is known for its antebellum mansions and historic downtown district.Since Beaufort is located right on Port Royal Island,there are a ton of popular water sports like fishing and boating,in addition to wonderful,fresh seafood.The city is also known as one of America’s best art towns thanks to its dozens of museums,film festivals,and art galleries.Bay Street is Beaufort’s main road that borders the harbor where you’ll find plenty of good restaurants and local shops.BAn Uber self-driving car hit and killed a woman crossing the street in Arizona,U.S.,police said on Monday,marking the first death caused by an autonomous vehicle and a potential blow to the technology expected to transform transportation.The ride services company said it was delaying North American tests of its self-driving vehicles,which are currently going on in Arizona,Pittsburgh and Toronto.So-called robot cars,when fully developed by companies including Uber,are expected to thoroughly cut down on motor vehicle deaths and create billion-dollar businesses.But Monday’s accident highlighted （凸显）the possible challenges ahead for the promising technology as the cars face real-world situations involving real people.“This catastrophic accident highlights why we need to be exceptionally cautious when testing and applying autonomous vehicle technologies to public roads,”said Edward Markey,a member of the transportation committee,in a statement.“Elaine Herzberg,49,was walking her bicycle outside the crosswalk on a four-lane road in the Phoenix suburb of Tempe at about10p.m.MST Sunday when she was struck by the Uber vehicle traveling at about65kilometers per hour,”police said.The car was in autonomous mode with an operator behind the wheel.U.S.federal safety officials were sending teams to investigate the crash.Canada’s transportation ministry in Ontario,where Uber conducts are being tested, also said it was reviewing the accident.“Uber and Waymo on Friday urged Congress to pass a law to speed the introduction of self-driving cars into the united states.However，some congressional（国会的）representatives have blocked thelegislation over safety concerns,and Monday’s death could hamper passage of the bill,”congressional assistants said Monday.24．According to the passage，which is the effect of the accident of the woman’s being killed?A．People will be cautious while crossing a road.B．The woman’s family will obtain a billion dollars.C．The process of transforming transportation will be affected.D．Self-driving vehicles will cut down on motor vehicles deaths.25．The underlined word“hamper”in Paragraph6most probably mean.A．make B．prevent C．start D．accelerate26．We can infer from the pasage that.A．Less than three places are doing tests of its self-driving vehicles now.B．The officials of the transportation ministry in Ontario were lookig into the crash.C．Elaine Herzberg was biking when she was hit by a self-driving car.D．We can’t be too careful when introducing autonomous vehicle technologies to public roads. 27．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?A．To arouse the public concerns over a self-driving safety.B．To remind car producers to be more careful when testing vehicles technology.C．To advise the Congress to pass a law to speed self-driving cars test in the US.D．To urge the US federal safety regulators to take measures to look into the accident.CLaws that would have ensured pupils from five to16received a full financial education got lost in the ‘wash up’.An application is calling on the next government to bring it back.At school the children are taught to add up and subtract（减法）but,extraordinarily,are not routinely shown how to open a bank account—let alone how to manage their finances in an increasingly complex and demanding world.Today the parenting website Mumsnet and the consumer campaigner Martin Lewis have joined forces to launch an online application to make financial education a compulsory element of the school curriculum in England.Children from five to16should be taught about everything from pocket money to pensions, they say.And that was exactly the plan preserved in the Children,Schools and Families bill that was shelved by the government in the so-called“wash-up”earlier this month—the rush to legislation before parliament was dismissed.Consumer and parent groups believe financial education has always been one of the most frustrating omissions of the curriculum.As the Personal Finance Education Group（PFEG）points out,the good habits of young children do not last long.Over75%of seven-to11-year-olds are savers but by the time they get to17,over half of them are in debt to family and friends.By this age,26%see a credit card or overdraft（透支）as a way of extending their spending power.PFEG predicts that these young people will“find it much harder to avoid the serious unexpected dangers that have befallen many of their parents'generation unless they receive good quality financial education while at school.”The UK has been in the worst financial recession（衰退）for generations.It does seem odd that—unless parents step in—oung people are left in the dark until they are cruelly introduced to the world of debt when they turn up at university.In a recent poll of over8,000people,97%supported financial education in schools,while3%said it was a job for parents.28．It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that.A．students have been taught to manage their financesB．pupils should not be taught to add up and subtractC．the author complains about the school educationD．laws on financial education have been effectively carried out29．The website and the consumer campaigner joined to.A．instruct the pupils to donate their pocket moneyB．promote the connection of schools and familiesC．ask the government to dismiss the parliamentD．appeal for the curriculum of financial education30．According to PFEG,.A．It’s not easy for them to get into financial trouble if the teenagers are taught to manage money.B．only half of the17–year-old teenagers spend their money as planned.C．parents are willing to pay the debt for their kids.D．it is not easy for people to keep good habits long.31．A poll is mentioned to.A．show the seriousness of the financial recessionB．stress the necessity of the curriculum reformC．make the readers aware of burden of the parentsD．illustrate some people are strongly against the proposalDAt18,Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the20th century.Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune system,she was treated beginning in1990with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source,in the genes of her white blood cells.It worked.Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in1992,she is completely healthy with normal immune function, according to one of the doctors who treated her,W.French Anderson of the University of Southern California.Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant（变异的）genes with normal ones.And the dreaming may continue for decades more.“There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease,”Anderson says,“within50years.”It's not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson's early success.The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend$432million on gene-therapy research in 2005,and there is no shortage of promising leads.The therapeutic（有益健康的，有治疗性的）genes are usually delivered through viruses that don't cause human disease.At the University of Pennsylvania's Abramson Cancer Center,immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection.At Cornell University,researchers根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年春季湖北省重点高中联考协作体期中考试高三文综历史
2019年春季湖北省重点高中联考协作体期中考试高三文综历史24.韩非子在《五蠹》中把以往的历史时期划分为上古、中世、当今三个阶段，说“上古竞于道德，中世逐于智谋，当今争于气力”。
这表明韩非子A.要求国策与时俱进B.看重继承历史传统C.客观总结历史规律D.抨击社会礼崩乐坏25.晋室南迁，衣冠南渡，为了仰仗随司马氏东迁的中原士族，司马皇族极力拉拢世家大族如王姓大族，“王与马共天下”。
上层士族通过九品官人法不断掌控朝政，占据高位，寒门庶族只能于下位，成为门阀政治的代表时期。
这反映出当时A.古代政治制度不断进步B.豪强大族对政治的影响C.选官重视家族经济基础D.考试选官制度已经确立26有学者认为，随着唐宋时期城市“坊市制”的崩溃，在“农村—农村市场—半农村城市中小城市产生”的反复过程中，包括工商城市在内的城市经济网日益稠密，使农村经济走向依存于市场的方向。
这说明，唐宋时期城市经济的变迁A.促使城市功能完全经济化B.使商品生产规模空前扩大C.带动了社会经济的商品化D.使农村经济实现了商品化27.下表是关于印刷术的相关记载。
由此可以认定的历史事实是A.元朝活字印刷取代雕版印刷B.佛经大多采用活字印刷C.金属活字印刷至迟出现于南宋D.泥活字印刷术流传广泛28.陈虬是中国近代早期维新派的主要代言人之一，1889年他在乡试试卷《日月星辰系焉》一文中明确指出“天无不动之物”观点，批驳了“天不变”之经义。
这一观点A.总结了变法失败的教训B.开始了向西方学习的步伐C.提出了科举变革的要求D.体现了向近代转变的特征29.如下图，史学家陈旭麓认为，“辛亥革命、国民革命、解放战争分别推翻了清政府、北洋军阀政府、国民党政府，这三次历史事件推动着中国近代民主革命的进程”。
下列对于图中阴影部分的内容推测正确的是A.都完成了反帝反封建的任务B.都体现了无产阶级的先进性C.都表现了统一战线的重要性D.都体现了西方思想的中国化30.1930年代中共对苏区教育高度重视，当时小学一年级的语文教材《三字经》开篇即为“天地间，人最灵。
湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2019届高三历史上学期期中试卷含解析
鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2018年秋季期中联考高三历史试卷考试时间：2018年11月6日上午10：00—11：30试卷满分：100分第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共48分）本大题共24小题，每小题2分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是正确的。
1.辟雍是周天子祭祀祖先、布政、施教等活动的综合性场所。
周天子在开放空间通过礼乐仪式将传统风俗习惯和国家治理规范传递给无数受众。
由此可见，辟雍的主要社会功能是A. 聚集宗室功臣，巩固集权政治B. 和谐贵族关系，促进社会和睦C. 区分血缘亲疏，维护等级秩序D. 传递知识信仰，增强文化认同【答案】D【解析】【详解】从材料中的“周天子在开放空间通过礼乐仪式将传统风俗习惯和国家治理规范传递给无数受众”来看，辟雍在当时的主要社会功能是通过传递知识信仰，来增强文化上的认同感。
故答案为D项。
西周时期还没有建立起集权政治，排除A项；B项不符合材料主旨，排除；材料没有涉及血缘亲疏，排除C项。
2.《荀子·富国篇》认为“今是土之生五谷也，人善治之，则亩数盆，一岁而再获之；夫天地之生万物也，固有余足以食人矣”。
这主要反映了A. 五谷为主要种植作物B. 男耕女织的生产方式C. 精耕细作的生产特点D. 人定胜天的哲学思想【答案】C【解析】【详解】从材料中的“人善治之，则亩益数盆，一岁而再获之”可以看出，材料信息反映的是当时农业生产特别重视人的细致操作、遵循农业生产规律，提高单位面积内的收获，体现了中国传统农业精耕细作的特点。
故答案为C项。
材料不是强调五谷在农作物中的地位，排项。
D项；材料信息没有反映人定胜天的思想，排除B项；材料没有反映生产方式，排除A除．【点睛】春秋战国时期，农业发达地区开始采用牛耕技术和铁制农具；汉代，牛耕逐渐普及全国，铁制农具的数量也大大超过前代；唐代出现了结构更为完备的曲辕犁。
农业耕作工具的发明和改进，促使农产品亩产量逐渐提高，在农业经济发展中起着关键性的作用。
湖北省颚东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2019届高三上学期期中历史试卷(含答案)
14．1927年11月，宋庆龄、邓演达等发表《对中国及世界革命民众宣言》称：“农民必能于最近与城市之革命势力重心联合”，“（将来）政权主要掌握在工农为中心的平民群众手上，其经济建设必超越资本主义之毒害向社会主义前进”。
对此理解正确的是（）A．三民主义注重工农运动的发展B．社会主义革命成为社会普遍共识C．“工农武装割据理论”影响巨大D．部分国民党人仍弘扬新三民主义15．1958年，全国人大常委会通过的《中华人民共和国户口登记条例》规定：“既不能让城市劳动力盲目增加，也不能让农村劳动力盲目外流”。
这一规定（）A．服从于计划经济体制B．推动了社会主义制度的建立C．固化了社会阶级结构D．有利于产业结构的稳定合理16．1992年6月，中共中央、国务院作出《关于加快发展第三产业的决定》，允许股票进入社会主义经济领域，并在上海、深圳进行股票上市试点，试行外汇期货交易，开放边境城市及长江沿岸主要中心城市。
这一决定（）A．形成了全方位的对外开放格局B．强化了经济特区窗口地位C．推动了市场经济体制目标确立D．彻底放弃了计划经济体制17．“希腊科学的基础完全是东方的，不论希腊的天才多么深刻，没有这些基础，它并不一定能够创立任何可与其实际成就相比的东西。
……我们没有权利无视希腊天才的埃及父亲和美索不达米亚母亲。
”材料旨在说明（）A．世界文明的多样性B．希腊文明的包容性C．东方文明的先进性D．希腊文明的民族性18．罗马法由“私法”（规定私人事务的法）和“公法”（规定国家事务的法）组成。
私法重视对私人权利的保护；公法的效力由国家政权加以保障，不允许依私约变更，且公法地位高于私法。
由此可知，罗马公法（）A．体现了法律至上原则B．维护了罗马贵族利益C．体现了国家至上理念D．维护了罗马社会秩序19．都铎王朝（1485—1603年）后期，英国社会流行“议会下院中的每个议员都比勋爵或主教有着更强的发言权，只需国王与其平民就可以维持议会”的说法。
鄂东南示范高中教改联盟2019届高三上学期期中联考历史试卷(含答案)
2017年秋季鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校期中联考高三历史试卷命题学校:赤壁一中命题教师:李青山审题教师:谢江娥考试时间:11月3 日10:00-11 :30试卷满分:100分第I卷(选择题共48分)本卷共24个小题，每小题2分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.周礼中有以系家庭伦常的婚礼，以示成人之道的冠礼，有敬天事神、祈福保民的祭礼，慎终追远、显扬孝道的丧礼，也有彰明君臣大义的朝礼，敦睦诸侯邦交的聘礼等。
这些周礼共同维系的主要是() A.周王室安全B嫡长子继承父亲的权力C.王位世袭制D.宗族分封下的社会秩序2.某学者在比较东西方古代专制制度过程中指出:“专制主义不是无限王权，而是有限王权，它大致都受到法律、习俗、官僚机构和各种社会力量的限制。
历史上只有在极其特殊的情况下，才会出现统治者一人取得绝对的权力，不受约束，不受限制，可以为所欲为的情况……君主制、共和制、城邦制，甚至民主制、民主集中制下，都会出现这种情况。
”对材料解读正确的是〔)A.古代专制实际上是开明专制B.个人独裁和当时的政体没有太大关系C.有限王权是民主的源头之一D专制主义统治在古代有其存在的必然性3.东汉前期，豪强地主田庄的规模都十分巨大，劳动者多为投身于田庄寻求庇护的农民，还有不少是庄主的同姓同宗，他们与庄主形成强烈的人身依附关系。
这体现出当时的田庄〔)A.土地归封建国家所有B.能够与朝廷分庭抗礼C.存在着分裂割据的隐患D.呈现出自给自足的特点4.儒学在孔子之后有性善性恶之争。
两汉时期，董仲舒相继批判孟子的性善说和荀子主张的性恶论，认为人性有善恶之分。
其用意在于()A.神化儒学并为君权服务B提高社会道德水平C.建立大一统的官学体系D.探究人性发展本原5.费正清在《中国:传统与变革》中称:“在中国近代史上，没有哪一段插曲比鸦片战争为谴责‘帝国主义侵略’提供了更多的机会，它成为中国人对西方武力入侵和在此以后几乎整整一个世纪使中国沦为‘半殖民地’地位的不满情绪的内容。
湖北省四校2019届高三上学期期中联考历史试题
2018—2019学年上学期高三期中考试历史试题时间：90分钟 命题学校： 曾都一中 襄州一中 宜城一中分值：100分命题老师： 第I 卷(选择题，共48分)一、选择题：本大题共24小题，每小题2分，共48分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1、商朝时曾发生“九世之乱”，这场动乱持续长达百年，导致商朝一度中衰。
这场动乱归根结底是因为王位传承、归属没有建立像样的制度。
为了避免出现此类事情，周代创立了宗法制。
这说明宗法制( )A. 有利于维护社会等级秩序B. 有利于防止国家的分裂割据C. 有利于维护君主集权统治D. 有利于统治集团内部的稳定2、钱穆先生指出：“近世言秦政，率斥其专制。
然按实而论，秦人初创中国统一之新局，其所努力，亦均为当时事势所需，实未可一一深非也。
”这一统一的变局体现出( )A ．从血缘政治到官僚政治B ．从封建治理到法律治理C ．从贵族世袭到宗法世袭D ．从宗法封建到帝制集权3、中国古代中央集权制的强化，往往通过削弱相权、完善监察体制等手段来实现，在这一过程中政治架构的设计与职权的变更较为突出。
下列选项中，在地位和职权大体相当的一组是( )A. 唐政事堂与宋中书门下B. 西周诸侯国与元行中书省C. 宋代通判与明布政使司D. 西汉州刺史与明监察御史4、《汉书•张安世传》记载：“安世尊为公侯，食邑万户，其夫人自纺绩，家童八百人，皆有手技作事，内治产业，累织纤微，是以能殖其货，富于大将军”。
材料说明汉代( )A ．私营手工业占主导地位B ．官营手工业日益发达C ．私营手工业者获利丰厚D ．官商勾结现象十分普遍5、宋代时期，政府针对众多官员经由当时最大外贸港口广州偷渡走私贩运，屡禁而不止的情况，陆续制定颁发了《透漏法》《漏舶法》《关防约束》《与化外人私交易罪赏法》等多部反走私或带有反走私内容的法令。
这反映了( )A ．当时官员腐败现象严重B ．宋代海外贸易受到一定的约束C ．官民强烈反对政府的禁令D ．政府禁止官员进行经商活动6A ．生活资料均可作为支付手段B ．社会经济出现大幅衰退C ．货币经济尚需进一步发展D ．白银始终是主要流通货币7、《吕氏春秋》载:“夫稼,为之者人也,生之者地也,养之者天也。
鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2019届高三上学期期中联考历史试题
鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校2019届高三上学期期中联考历史试题第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共48分）一、选择题（本大题共24小题，每小题2分，共48分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。
）1．辟雍是周天子祭祀祖先、布政、施教等活动的综合性场所。
周天子在开放空间通过礼乐仪式将传统风俗习惯和国家治理规范传递给无数受众。
由此可见，辟雍的主要社会功能是A．聚集宗室功臣，巩固集权政治B．和谐贵族关系，促进社会和睦C．区分血缘亲疏，维护等级秩序D．传递知识信仰，增强文化认同2．《荀子·富国篇》认为“今是土之生五谷也，人善治之，则亩数盆，一岁而再获之；夫天地之生万物也，固有余足以食人矣”。
这主要反映了A．五谷为主要种植作物B．男耕女织的生产方式C．精耕细作的生产特点D．人定胜天的哲学思想3．汉初儒学知识分子积极主动地寻求与统治者合作，力图实现学术为社会服务的政治构想……使儒学成为建立在中国传统宗法伦理之上的严密哲学体系。
材料说明汉初儒学知识分子A．适应了专制主义中央集权加强的需要B．继承了先秦儒学并使之上升为官方哲学C．使儒学思想根植于悠久的传统文化中D．形成了三纲五常的传统宗法伦理哲学观4．九品中正制并非南北朝时期惟一的选举制度。
在南北朝后期，统治者采取了考试取士的选举方式。
这一现象的出现，主要是由于A．察举制“举孝廉”的影响B．士族门阀势力的衰落C．封建“庄园制”经济发展D．儒学正统地位的巩固5．下表为不同文献关于唐朝土地状况的记述，由此可以推知A．土地自由买卖得到法律保护B．政府对土地的实际控制力有限C．士农工商社会结构发生变化D．政府推行不抑兼并的土地政策6．唐玄宗开元年间，一些政务文书出现“中书省官员署名之后，门下省官员写上‘奉敕如右，牒到奉行’，注明时间并署名”现象。
这表明A．两省职权模糊互不牵制B．中枢权力体系发生变化C．两省共同草拟政务文书D．专制主义中央集权削弱7．元代行省区划以中央军事控制为目的，人为地造成犬牙交错和以北制南局面。