2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(
2000年高考文科综合能力测试(晋吉苏浙卷)一、本卷共32小题,每小题4分,共计128分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
读华北某地地形图(图1),据图判断1-3题:1.①②③④四条坡面线的坡度比较A.①<③B.①<②C.①>②D.③=④2.实际调查发现乙城植物生长好于甲坡,其原因为乙坡的A.日照较强,辐射收入多B.蒸发较少,土壤水分条件较好C.气温较高,且日变化大D.降水较多,水源充足3.若乙坡植被受破坏成为荒坡,则对其合理的开发整治措施是A.放牧山羊B.种植喜阳的经济林木C.修梯田,种植水稻D.营造混交林4.甲地的时间为A.8时B.9时C.15时D.16时5.下列说法,可能的是A.华北平原正值小麦播种季节B.华北平原正值小麦收获季节C.长江中下游进入梅雨时期D.罗马气候干热读中心点为地球北极的示意图(图2),若阴影部分为7月6日,非阴景部分为7月7日,判断6-7题:6.甲地的时间为A.15时B.9时C.3时D.12时7.北京为A.6日8时B.7日8时C.6日20时D.7日20时20世纪30年代,美国罗斯福政府推行新政。
据此回答8~9题:8.其经济政策的重要内容有A.提高储蓄利率,吸纳民间资金B.限制进口,实行进口替代工业政策C.实行计划经济D.扩大内需,刺激生产9.当代主要资本主义国家采取的经济政策中与罗斯福新政基本内容相同的是A.推行国有化B.加强政府对经济的宏观管理C.制定经济计划D.加大科技投入10.中日贸易扩大的重要原因是:A.当时已出现资本主义萌芽B.造船和航海技术的提高C.中日经济互补的需要D.纸币的产生11.宋代海上往来大多是三、四月间从日本驶往中国的江浙沿海,五、六月从江浙沿海驶向日本。
这样选择航行时间主要是为了A.避开倭寇的活动B.遵守朝廷有关海禁的规定C.利用海洋回流D.利用季风科举制是我国古代重要的选官制度。
据此回答12~13题:12.隋唐实行科举制的进步意义主要是A.扩大了封建统治的社会基础B.对皇帝的专制权力有一定抑制作用C.促进了科技文化的发展D.削弱了显贵的特权13.科举制在1905年被废除的主要原因是A.新式学堂毕业生逐渐成为官员的主要来源B.学子罢考抵制科举制C.四书五经等儒家经典已失去文化教育价值D.该制度已不能满足国家赞扬人才的需要明代松江地区棉纺织业兴盛,鸦片战争以后走向衰落。
据此回答14~16题:14.兴盛的主要原因是,该地区A.盛产棉花B.交通便利,便于外地棉花运入C.出现了机器纺织业D.有大量农业剩余劳力,转向纺织业生产15.衰落的主要原因是A.内乱外患阻断棉布外运B.洋纱、洋布大量倾销C.沿海地区机器纺织业转为机器螺丝业D.该地区棉花产量急剧下降16.衰落的后果是A.该地区的自然经济开始解体B.农民回归土地,商品经济发展受阻C.农民转为种桑养蚕D.崇拜洋华的风气盛行17.近代以来,国际关系中先后出现维也纳体系、凡尔赛—华盛顿体系和雅尔诺体系。
关于这三个体系共同点的表述不正确的是A.在战争后建立起来的B.重新划分了国际关系格局C.带有大国强权政治的色彩D.没有进步作用18俄国十月社会主义革命是由城市到农村,中国新民主主义革命是由农村包围城市,造成这种不同的原因之一是A.俄国是工业国,中国是农业国B.俄国城市人口占多数,中国农村人口占多数C.二月革命后,俄国大城市中反动势力受到削弱;中国大城市中反动势力强大D.俄国废除和封建土地所有制,中国封建土地所有制根深蒂固19.16世纪英国国王推行的宗教改革A.提出了《九十五条论纲》B.实行严格的政教分离C.否定了教皇的权威D.废除了主教制度20.在17世纪英国资产阶级革命中发挥重要作用的清教徒A.反对在英国占统治地位的天主教制度B.批判“君权神授”的观念C.提出“教随国定”的原则D.与保守势力争夺英国国教会的领导权在1955年万隆会议上,周恩来总理代表中国政府提出了处理国家间关系的“求同存异”的原则,得到了国际社会的普遍认同。
据此回答21~22题:21.当时提出“求同存异”原则的背景主要是A.亚非国家间经济发展水平不同B.亚非国家间宗教信仰不同C.一些亚非国家存在着严惩的边界冲突D.一些国家的代表在会议中提出“反对共产主义问题”。
22.“求同存异”原则体现了我国政府在处理对外关系时A.不以社会制度和意识形态的异同来决定亲疏、好恶B.不以国家利益的冲突与否来决定亲疏、好恶C.应放弃与他国相互冲突的观念,求得一致的意见D.应放弃与他国相互冲突的利益,在妥协的基础上求得一致利益1999年9月,我国台湾发生了大地震,造成了严惩的人员作废和财产损失。
据此回答23-24题:A.人的认识能力是有限的,不可能预测地震的发生B.有些自然规律是无法掌握的C.如果掌握了地震的规律,就可以防止地震的发生D.科学的预见离不开对于客观规律的掌握24.台湾省是世界计算机芯片等电子元器件的主要产地之一,这次地震导致这些无器件的供应量下降、世界范围内计算机产品的价格上扬。
这说明A.商品的价值是由其价格高低决定的B.商品的价格是由其生产数量决定的C.商品的价格和价值总是不相符的D.商品的价格受供求关系的制约中国讲求辩症施治、对症下药,有时对同一类疾病根据不同病因施以不同疗法,称为“同病异治”有时又对不同的疾病根据相同的病理表现施以同一类疗法,“称为”异病同治“。
据此回答25~26题:25.“同病异治”和“异病同治”最突出的共同点是重视A.矛盾的普通性和特殊性的辩证关系B.意识的能动作用C.内因和外因的辩证关系D.从整体上把握现象之间的联系26.异病同治是有条件的,而某些江湖“神医”声称可以用一种药包治百病,这违背了A.意识具有能动作用的原则B.具体问题具体分析的原则C.两点论和重点论相统一的原则D.对立统一的原则二十多年来,我国经济发展速度高居世界之首。
同时,各地区经济发展速度有所不同,加快西部经济的发展已经引起了全社会的高度重视。
据此回答27~29题:27.制约西部经济发展是最重要的经济原因是A.资金、技术、人才匮乏B.农业基础薄弱C.水土流失严重D.自然资源不足28.我国政府推动东、西部直辖市发展,采取的主要措施是①给予西部大量的财政补贴②增加对西部基础设施的投资③保护西部的工业产品不受外部产品的竞争④发挥地区优势,积极引进人才A.①③B.②④C.③④D.①②29.我国政府缩小东西部经济发展差距主要是为了A.宏观调控,微观搞活B.统筹经济发展,直辖市地区差异C.体现综合国力,加强经济交流D.开发西部资源,改善投资环境鲁人身善织履(用布或履织成鞋子),妻善织缟(白色的绢),而狱徒予越。
或谓之曰:“予必穷矣。
”鲁人曰:“何也?“曰:?为?之也,而?人?行(光脚走路);?为冠之也,而?人被(?)发。
以予之所长,?于不用之?俗?无穷,其可得乎?”据此回答30~32题:30.这则故事的本意在于说明A.一切从实际出发,避免盲目性B.有良好的愿望再加上坚定的意志,就能成就一番事业C.劝阻者目光短浅,不知道事物发展的方向D.不的人对同一事物有不同的看法31.假如日后鲁人果真“徒于越”使得越人不再“跣行”、“被发”,带动越地纺织业日渐兴盛。
这说明A.不断创造需求,生产才能发展B.生产决定需求,生产什么就消费什么C.环境的变化决定需求的变化D.需求引导生产,有什么需求才能生产什么32.从上述产品和市场的辩证关系中,我们可以得出如下结论A.世界上任何两个事物之间都是相互联系,相互转化的B.随着环境的发展,人们可以随意创造需求C.时代变了,人们的认识规律也发生了变化D.人们能够根据自己的需要和客观条件的变化,创造出新的东西二、本卷共6小题,共132分。
33.图3是鞭年欧洲降水pH值等值线图,读图回答(10分):(1)下述各国中,图示环境问题比较严重的两个国家是(把先定国家的代码填在空格中)______、_____。
、A.西班牙B.瑞典C.德国D.冰岛E.意大利(2)产生该环境问题的直接原因是:_______;(3)该环境问题对非生物界造成的主要危害是:______;对于生物资源造成的主要危害是:____ _____。
34.读某地正午太阳高度和月均降水量年变化图(图4),回答(12分)(1)该地的纬度应为_______,________。
(2)在东半球范围内,该地可能位于______(国家)_________地区、________(国家)_______地区(3)明清之际的思想家黄守羲,戊戌维新时期的启蒙思想家和新文化运动中的民主主义者就封建专制问题提出许多思想主张。
请回答下列问题:(30分)(1)他们的基本观点分别是什么?(12分)(2)上述基本观点有何不同?(10分)(3)产生上述不同的经济、文化背景是什么?(8分)36.1999年15日,中美双方经过长达13年的谈判,终于就中国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)的问题达成协议,为中国加入该组织迈出了重要的一步。
中国政府在谈判中始终坚持维护我国的国家利益,获得了这一令人满意的“双赢”结局。
请回答(30分)(1)这一过程怎样体现了中国政府对外政策的基本特点?(15分)(2)试分析加入WTO对我国经济发展的积极影响。
(15分)37.认读图5所示的地理区域,回答下列问题(30分)(1)该区域最具有世界意义的自然资源是_______。
该区域的气候特点是_________原因在于这里常年受______控制。
所以________资源是当地生活和发展生产的限制性资源。
(8分)(2)根据1947年11月第二届联合国大会的决议,由什么民族在该区域的什么地方建立什么国家?在该地建国的原因是什么?(12分)(3)美国为什么插手该地区事务?如何插手?(10分)38.巴拿马运河是具有世界战略意义的运河,开凿始于1904年,1914年8月15日首次通航,全长约81.3公里,宽152-304米,一般华轮和舰只可以通过,但巨型客轮、华轮和油轮不能通过。
20世纪初,美国攫取了巴拿马运河的开凿权和运河区的永久租让权,将它变成巴拿马的“国中之国”,实行殖民统治。
经过长期的艰苦斗争和谈判,1977年巴美两国签订了拖里雷斯一卡特条约,1999年12月31日,巴拿马政府收回运河主权,美国撤回所有军队。
完成下列要求(20分)(1)图7是图6中A区域的放大图。
在图7中用“||”符号画出巴拿马运河的位置。
(3分)(2)回答:该运河的最大受益国是_____。
(2分)它对国际贸易的重大作用表现为_____(6分)。
(3)联系上述材料,说明巴拿马政府在什么含义上收回了巴拿马运河主权(9分)文科综合能力测试参考答案及评分标准一、选择题:(共128分)1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.A13.D 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.D 18.C 19.C 20.B 21.D 22.A 23.D 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.B 29.B 30.A 31.A 32.D二、非选择题:(132分)33.每空2分,共10分。
2000年高考英语试题(全国卷)
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(全国卷)第一卷(三大题,共95分)Ⅰ.单项填空(共25小题,每小题1分;满分25分)A)从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
例:haveA.gaveB.saveC.hatD.made答案是C.1.rushA.dullB.butcherC.sugarD.push2.northernA.strengthB.wealthC.thusD.throw3.silenceA.weightB.ceilingC.bargainD.height4.occurA.oceanB.oppositeC.officialD.offer5.pleasureA.possessionB.televisionC.anxiousD.preciousB)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
例:We last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studiedB.might studyC.should have studiedD.would study答案是C.6.—What about having a drink?—A.Good idea.B.Help yourself.C.Go ahead,please.D.Me,too.7.I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some .A.at lastB.in caseC.once againD.in time8. to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A.Brave enough studentsB.Enough brave studentsC.Students brave enoughD.Students enough brave9.—Waiter!——I can’t eat this.It’s too salty.A.Yes,sir?B.What?C.All right? C.Pardon?10.Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food.A.the;aB.不填;aC.the;theD.不填;the11.It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, if you don’t speak the language.A.extremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially12.Let Harry play with your toys as well,Clare-you must learn to .A.supportB.careC.spareD.share13.—you’ve left the light on.—Oh,so I have. and turn it off.A.I’ll goB.I’ve goneC.I goD.I’m going14.Someone called me up in the middle of the night,but they hung up I could answer the phone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before15.—Are you coming to Jeff’s party?—I’m not sure.I go to the concert instead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might16.If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay $15.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each17.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course,made the others unhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what18. production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through19.I’ve worked with children before,so I know what in my new job.A.expectedB.to expectC.to be expectingD.expects20.—How are you today?—Oh,I as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didn’t feelB.wasn’t feelingC.don’t feelD.haven’t felt21.The WTO cannot live up to its name it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long asB.whileC.ifD.even though22.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out23.—Why don’t we take a little break?—Didn’t we just have ?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this24.It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it25.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.A.was travellingB.travelledC.had been travellingD.was to travelⅡ.完形填空(共25小题,每小题1分;满分25分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从26~50各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试化学本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷1至4页,第Ⅱ卷5至9页,共150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共83分)注意事项:1.答第Ⅰ卷前,考生必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。
3.考试结束,监考人将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
可能用到的原子量:H 1 C 12N 14O 16一.选择题(本题包括5小题,每小题3分,共15分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
)1.导致下列现象的主要原因与排放SO2有关的是A.酸雨B.光化学烟雾C.臭氧空洞D.温室效应2.久置于空气中的下列物质,因被氧化而呈黄色的是A.浓硝酸B.氧化亚铁溶液C.溴苯D.溴化银3.下列广告用语在科学性上没有错误的是A.这种饮料中不含任何化学物质B.这种蒸馏水绝对纯净,其中不含任何离子C.这种口服液含丰富的氮、磷、锌等微量元素D.没有水就没有生命4.石墨炸弹爆炸时能在方圆几百米范围内撒下大量石墨纤维,造成输电线、电厂设备损坏。
这是由于石墨A .有放射性B .易燃、易爆C .能导电D .有剧毒5.用于制造隐形飞机物质具有吸收微波的功能,其主要成分的结构如图,它属于A .无机物B .烃C .高分子化合物D .有机物二.选择题(本题包括8小题,每小题4分,共32分。
每小题有一个或两个选项符合题意。
若正确答案只包括一个选项,多选时,该题为0分;若正确答案包括两个选项,只选一个且正确的给2分,选两个且都正确的给4分,但只要选错一个,该小题就为0分。
)6.C 136-NMR (核磁共振)可以用于含碳化合物的结构分析。
C 136表示的碳原子A .核外有13个电子,其中4个能参与成键B .核内有6个质子,核外有7个电子C .质量数为13,原子序数为6,核内有7个质子D .质量数为13,原子序数为6,核内有7个中子7.下列块状金属在常温时能全部溶于足量浓HNO 3的是A .AgB .CuC .A1D .Fe8.向下列溶液中通入过量CO 2,最终出现浑浊的是A .氢氧化钙饱和溶液B .苯酚钠饱和溶液C .醋酸钠饱和溶液D .氯化钙饱和溶液9.下列每组物质发生状态变化所克服的微粒间的相互作用属于同类型的是A .食盐和蔗糖熔化B .钠和硫熔化C .碘和干冰升华D .二氧化硅和氧化钠熔化10.室温下,在pH=12的某溶液中,由水电离的[OH -]为 HC HC S S C=C S S CH CHA.1.0×10-7mol·L-1B.1.0×10-6mol·L-1C.1.0×10-6mol·L-1D.1.0×10-12mol·L-111.下列关于稀有气体的叙述不正确的是A.原子的最外电子层都有8个电子B.其原子与同周期IA、IIA族阳离子具有相同的核外电子排布C.化学性质非常不活泼D.原子半径比同周期ⅦA族元素原子的大12.下列反应的离子方程式书写正确的是A.向饱和碳酸氢钙溶液中加入饱和氢氧化钙溶液Ca2++HCO3-+OH-=CaCO3↓+H2OB.金属铝溶于氢氧化钠溶液Al+2OH-=AlO2-+H2↑C.用氢氧化钠溶液吸收二氧化碳2OH-+CO2=CO32-+H2OD.Fe2(SO4)3的酸性溶液中通入足量硫化氢Fe3++H2S=Fe2++S↓+2H+13.在一密闭容器中,反应aA(气)bB(气)达平衡后,保持温度不变,将容器体积增加一倍,当达到新的平衡时,B的浓度是原来的60%,则A.平衡向正反应方向移动了B.物质A的转化率减少了C.物质B的质量分数增加了D.a>b三.选择题(本题包括9小题,每小题4分,共36分。
2000年高考英语试题(北京、安徽春季卷)
2000年普通高等学校春季招生全国统一考试(北京、安徽卷)英语National Matriculation English Test (NMET 2000)本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试时间120分钟。
第一卷(三大题,共95分)I. 单项填空(共25小题,每小题1分;满分25分)A)从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
例:haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C。
1. musicA. productionB. persuadeC. sugarD. stupid2. regretA. cigaretteB. vegetableC. messageD. passenger3. frontA. hospitalB. comfortC. fondD. introduce4. throughA. roughB. pillowC. roofD. pause5. stomachA. cushionB. excellentC. deliciousD. chimneyB)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
例:We ________ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study答案是C。
6. - Do you want tea or coffee?- ________. I really don't mind.A. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither7. - I believe we've met somewhere before.- No, ________.A. it isn't the sameB. it can't be trueC. I don't think soD. I'd rather not8. Summers in ________ south of France are for ________ most part dry and sunny.A. 不填; aB. the; 不填C. 不填;不填D. the; the9. Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while, but soon ________ to his old ways.A. returnedB. returnsC. was returningD. had returned10. The result of the experiment was very good, ________ we hadn't expected.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what2000年高考英语试题(北京、安徽春季卷)11. - It's a good idea. But who's going to ________ the plan?- I think Tom and Greg will.A. set asideB. carry outC. take inD. get through12. - I just heard that the tickets for tonight's show have been sold out.-Oh no!__________.A. I was looking forward to thatB. It doesn't matterC. I knew it alreadyD. It's not at all interesting13. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ________they will save us money in the long run.A. orB. sinceC. forD. but14. - You're drinking too much.- Only at home. No one ________ me but you.A. is seeingB. had seenC. seesD. saw15. The picture ________ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A. having hungB. hangingC. hangsD. being hung16. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ________ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when17. ________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given18. Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ________ his boss.A. servesB. satisfiesC. promisesD. supports19. All the preparations for the task ________ , and we're ready to start.A. completedB. completeC. had been completedD. have been completed20. Sorry I'm late. I ________ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A. mightB. shouldC. canD. will21. One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ________.A. the other is whiteB. another whiteC. the other whiteD. another is white22. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life ________ so happy!A. did I feelB. I feltC. I had feltD. had I felt23. ________ some of this juice - perhaps you'll like it.A. TryingB. TryC. To tryD. Have tried24. John may phone tonight. I don't want to go out ________ he phones.A. as long asB. in order thatC. in caseD. so that25. These wild flowers are so special I would do ________ I can to save them.A. whateverB. thatC. whichD. whichever2000年高考英语试题(北京、安徽春季卷)II.完形填空(共25小题,每小题1分,满分25分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从26-50各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
2000年高考英语试题(全国卷)
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(全国卷)第一卷(三大题,共95分)Ⅰ.单项填空(共25小题,每小题1分;满分25分)A)从A、B、C、D中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。
例:haveA.gaveB.saveC.hatD.made答案是C.1.rushA.dullB.butcherC.sugarD.push2.northernA.strengthB.wealthC.thusD.throw3.silenceA.weightB.ceilingC.bargainD.height4.occurA.oceanB.oppositeC.officialD.offer5.pleasureA.possessionB.televisionC.anxiousD.preciousB)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
例:We last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studiedB.might studyC.should have studiedD.would study答案是C.6.—What about having a drink?—A.Good idea.B.Help yourself.C.Go ahead,please.D.Me,too.7.I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some .A.at lastB.in caseC.once againD.in time8. to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A.Brave enough studentsB.Enough brave studentsC.Students brave enoughD.Students enough brave9.—Waiter!——I can’t eat this.It’s too salty.A.Yes,sir?B.What?C.All right? C.Pardon?10.Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind unless they kill them for food.A.the;aB.不填;aC.the;theD.不填;the11.It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, if you don’t speak the language.A.extremelyB.naturallyC.basicallyD.especially12.Let Harry play with your toys as well,Clare-you must learn to .A.supportB.careC.spareD.share13.—you’ve left the light on.—Oh,so I have. and turn it off.A.I’ll goB.I’ve goneC.I goD.I’m going14.Someone called me up in the middle of the night,but they hung up I could answer the phone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before15.—Are you coming to Jeff’s party?—I’m not sure.I go to the concert instead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might16.If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to pay $15.A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each17.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course,made the others unhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what18. production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through19.I’ve worked with children before,so I know what in my new job.A.expectedB.to expectC.to be expectingD.expects20.—How are you today?—Oh,I as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didn’t feelB.wasn’t feelingC.don’t feelD.haven’t felt21.The WTO cannot live up to its name it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.A.as long asB.whileC.ifD.even though22.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see the next year.A.carry outB.carrying outC.carried outD.to carry out23.—Why don’t we take a little break?—Didn’t we just have ?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this24.It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it25.The reporter said that the UFO east to west when he saw it.A.was travellingB.travelledC.had been travellingD.was to travelⅡ.完形填空(共25小题,每小题1分;满分25分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从26~50各题所给的四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(A)New York , 10 November 5:27pm , yesterday . Biggest power failure in the city's history .*Thousands of people got stuck in lifts . Martin Saltzman spent three hours betweenthe 21stand 22ndfloors of the Empire State Building . "There were twelve of us . But noone panicked . We passed the time telling stories and playing word games . One man wanted to smoke but we didn't let him . Firemen finally got us out."* "It was the best night we've ever had.," said Angela Carraro . who runs an ltalian restaurant on 42nd Street . "We had lots candles on the tables and the waiters were carrying candles on their trays . The place was full and all night , in fact , for after we had closed , we let the people stay on and spend the night here."* The zoos had their problems like everyone else . Keepers worked through the right . They used blankets to keep flying squirrels and small monkeys warm . While zoos had problems keeping warm , supermarkets had problems keeping cool . "All of our ice cream and frozen foods melted," said the manger of a store in downtown Manhattan . "They were worth $50,0000."* The big electric clock in the lobby(大厅) of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in downtown Manhattan started(滴答) again at 5:25 this morning . It was almost on time.51. Throughout the period of darkness , Martin Saltzman and the eleven others were ____.A. nervousB. excitedC. calmD. frightened52. In what way was the night of November 9 the best night for Angela Carraro ?A. She had a taste of adventure.B. Burning candles brightened the place.C. Business was better than usual.D. Many people stayed the night in her restaurant.53. How long did the power failure last?A. Nearly 12 hours.B. More than 12 hours.C. Nearly 24 hours.D. More than 24 hours.(B)The easy way out isn't always easiest . I learned that lesson when I decided to treat Doug , my husband of one month , to a special meal . I glanced through my cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade break . Knowing the bread would take time , I started on it as soon as Doug left for work . As I was not experienced in cooking , I thought if a dozen was good , two dozen would be better , so I doubled everything . As Dong loved oranges , I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl . Soon there was a sticky dough(面团)covered with ugly yellowish marks . realizing I had been defeated , I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face Doug laughing at my work , I went on preparing the rest of the meal , and , when Doug got home , we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice . He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed . Twice he got up and went outside , saying he thought he heard a noise . The third time he left , I went to the windows to see what he was doing . Looking out , I saw Doug standing about three feet from the rubbish bin , holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container . When I came out of the house , he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in out rubbish bin . Picking up the stick again , he held the lid up enough for me to see . I felt cold . But I stepped closer and looked harder . Without doubt it was my work . The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the fermenting yeast (酵母)made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing . I had to admit what the 'living thing 'was and why it was there . I don't know who was more embarrassed(尴尬)by the whole thing Doug or me.54. The writer's purpose in writing this story is ___________A. to tell an interesting experienceB. to show the easiest way out of a difficultyC. to describe the trouble facing a newly married womanD. to explain the difficulty of learning to cook from books55. Why did the woman's attempt at making the bread turn out to be unsuccessful?A. The canned orange had gone bad.B. She didn't use the right kind of flour.C. The cookbook was hard to understand.D. She did not follow the directions closely.56. Why did the woman put the dough in the rubbish bin?A. She didn't see the use of keeping itB. She meant to joke with her husband.C. She didn't want her husband to see it .D. She hoped it would soon dry in the son.57. What made the dough in the rubbish bin?A. The rising and falling movement.B. The strange-looking marks.C. Its shape.D. Its size.58. When Doug went out the third time , the woman looked out of the window because she was __________.A. surprised at his being interested in the binB. afraid that he would discover her secretC. unhappy that he didn't enjoy the mealD. curious to know what disturbed him(C)Decision-thinking is not unlike it often matters not only what you think , but also what others think you think what you think they think you think . The mental process(过程) is similar . Naturally , this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are , by any standards , good thinkers .The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory . In particular , he showed that all games fall into two classes ; there are what he called games of 'perfect information', games like chess where the players can't hide anything or play tricks ; they don't win by chance , but by means of logic and skills . Then there are games of 'imperfect information', like poker , in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information . Quite the reverse Business , life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information . Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknowable factors(因素), best poker players . But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance , and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess , not poker.59. The subject discussed in this text is _________.A. the process of reaching decisionsB. the difference between poker and chess.C. the secret of making good business plansD. the value of information in winning games60. An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ___________.A. rulesB. luckC. timeD. ideas61. Which of the following can be used in place of "Quite the reverse"?A. Quite right.B. True enough.C. Most unlikely.D. Just the opposite.62. In the writer's opinion , when making business decisions one should ___________ .A. put perfect information before imperfect informationB. accept the existence of unknown factorsC. regard business as a game of chessD. mix known and unknown factors(D)Olaf Stapledon wrote a book called First and Last Men . in which he looked millions of years ahead . He told of different men and of strange civilisations(文明), broken up by long 'dark ages' in between . In his view , what is called the present time is no more than a moment in human history and we are just the First Men . In 2,000 million years from now there will be the Eighteenth or Last Men.However , most of our ideas about the future are really very short-sighted . Perhaps we can see some possibilities for the next fifty years . But the next hundred ? The next thousand? The next million? That's much more difficult.When men and women lived by hunting 50,000 years ago , how could they even begin to picture modern life? Yet to men of 50,000 years from now , we may seem as primitive(原始的)in our ideas as the Stone-Age hunters do to us . Perhaps through the cribe , These words , which I have just made up , have to stand for things and ideas that we simply can't think of .So why bother even to try imagining life far in the future ? Here are two reasons . First unless we remember how short our own lives are compared with the whole human history , we are likely to think our own interests are much more important than they really are . If we make the earth a poor place to live because . we are careless or greedy(贪婪) or quarrelsome . our grand-children will not bother to think of excuses for us.Second , by trying to escape from present interests and imagine life far in the future , we may arrive at quite fresh ideas that we can use ourselves . For example , if we imagine that in the future men may give up farming , we can think of trying it now . So set you imagination free when you think about the future .63. A particular mention made of Stapledon's book in the opening paragraph _________A. serves as a description of human historyB. serves an introduction to the discussionC. shows a disagreement of viewsD. Shows the popularity of the book64. The text discusses men and women 50,000 years ago and 50,000 years from now in order to show that _________.A. human history is extremely longB. life has changed a great dealC. it is useless to plan for the next 50 yearsD. it is difficult to tell what will happen in the future65. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to _________.A. tools used in farmingB. ideas about modern lifeC. unknown things in the futureD. hunting skills in the Stone Age66. According to the writer of the text , imagining the future will _________.A. serve the interests of the present and future generationsB. enable us to better understand human historyC. help us to improve farmingD. make life worth living(E)Excused from recycling(回收利用) because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道)? You won't be for long . Miami's Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and recycle too .In Shantzis' Hi-Rise Recycling System , a chute leads to a pie-shaped container with six boxes that can turn around when operated . The system , which fits in the same space as the chute and container now in use , enables glass , plastic , paper , metal , and other rubbish to go into separate boxes .The system is controlled from a board next to the chute door . The board has a button for each class of recycling materials (as well as for unrecyclables). At the press of a button , a microcomputer locks all other floors' chute door and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute . The computer also counts the loads and gives a signal by phone when the box is full . And a particular piece of equipment breaks up the nonrecyclablesSorting(分类) recyclables before they are collected saves the use of expensive materials recovery equipment which otherwise has to do the sorting . Such equipment often makes recycled materials very expensive , so expensive that tons of recyclables remain wasted . Shantzis believes his system could help recycled materials become more cost-effective.67. The purpose in writing this text is _________.A. to encourage people to recycle their rubbishB. to introduce a recycling system for high risesC. to describe the use of computer technology in recyclingD. to explain the need for rubbish collection in high rises68. When he says "You won't be for long" the writer means that _______.A. you'll soon be living in a cleaner buildingB. rubbish chutes will become out of date before longC. you won't wait long for your turn to recycle rubbishD. it won't be long before you'll have to recycle your rubbish69. Before dropping rubbish into the chute you have to ___________A. lock the other floors' chute doorsB. check if the container is fullC. press the correct buttonD. break up the rubbish70. The biggest advantage of this new system is that _________A. it readuces the cost of recyclingB. it saves time and spaceC. it saves money for people living in high risesD. it makes better use of the existing recovery equipment单词拼写1.----There are so many students in the class. What does the t______ come to?---- Oh, it comes to 64 in all.2.---- Can you light the candle? ---- Sorry, I have not any m______.3.The plane crashed and only one s__________, who is a little girl.4.I h_______ all the shops in the t own but I couldn’t find out a TV set which was thesame as yours.5.The shirt I bought yesterday doesn’t fit me well. Can you r_________ it for anotherone or give me money back?6.The m___________ of children in our class have short hair; only three have long hair.7.They tried to a________ him into joining them but he refused because he wanted togo hiking by himself.8.They are using h__________ to knock the nails into the chairs so that they can repairthem.9.The boy l________ to his mother that he had flown from the roof.10.He tried hard to read their face but there wasn’t any e____________ on their faces.。
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明(文科) 部分
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学科说明Ⅰ.考试性质普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是由合格的高中毕业生参加的选拔性考试.高等学校根据考生的成绩,按已确定的招生计划,德、智、体全面衡量,择优录取.因此,高考应具有较高的信度、效度,必要的区分度和适当的难度。
Ⅱ.考试要求《2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明(文科)》数学科部分的考试内容是依据原国家教育委员会1990年颁布的《全日制中学数学教学大纲(修订本)》和有关中学数学教学的调整意见制定的。
数学科考试的宗旨是:测试中学数学基础知识、基本技能、基本思想和方法,考查逻辑思维能力、运算能力、空间想象能力以及分析和解决问题的能力。
考试内容以原国家教育委员会1990年颁布的《全日制中学数学教学大纲(修订本)》高中阶段的教学内容为主,分为代数、立体几何、平面解析几何三个分科.根据《全日制中学数学教学大纲(修订本)》的规定,高中阶段的必学内容是文史类高考的数学试题的命题范围。
关于考试内容的知识要求和能力要求作如下说明:1.知识要求对知识的要求由低到高分为三个层次,依次是了解、理解和掌握、灵活和综合运用,且高一级的层次要求包含低一级的层次要求。
(1)了解:要求对所列知识内容有初步的、感性的认识,知道有关内容,并能在有关的问题中直接应用。
(2)理解和掌握:要求对所列知识内容有较深刻的理性认识,能够解释、举例或变形、推断,并能利用知识解决有关问题。
(3)灵活和综合运用:要求系统地掌握知识的内在联系,能运用所列知识分析和解决较为复杂的或综合性的问题。
2.能力要求(1)逻辑思维能力:会对问题或资料进行观察、比较、分析、综合、抽象与概括;会用演绎、归纳和类比进行推断;能准确、清晰、有条理地进行表述。
(2)运算能力:会根据概念、公式、法则,进行数、式、方程的正确运算和变形;能分析条件,寻求与设计合理、简捷的运算途径;能根据要求对数据进行估计,并能进行近似计算。
(3)空间想象能力:能根据条件画出正确的图形,根据图形想象出直观形象;能正确地分析出图形中基本元素及其相互关系;能对图形进行分解、组合与变形。
2000年高考全国物理试题(含答案)
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试物理本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第II 卷(非选择题),第I 卷1至3页,第II 卷4至11页,共150分,考试时间120分钟。
第I 卷注意事项:1.答第I 卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案,不能答在试题卷上。
3.考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡上并交回。
4.必要时可以使用下列物理量。
真空中光速s m c /1038⨯= 万有引力常量2211/1067.6kg m N G ⋅⨯=-普朗克常量s J h ⋅⨯=-34106.6电子的电量C e 19106.1-⨯=地球半径m R 6104.6⨯= 电子的质量kg m e 31101.9-⨯=一.本题共10小题;每小题4分,共40分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的小题只有一个选项正确,有的小题有多个选项正确。
全部选对的得4分,选不全的得2分,有选错或不答的得0分。
1.最近几年,原子核科学家在超重元素岛的探测方面取得重大进展。
1996年科学家们在研究某两个重离子结合成超重元素的反应时,发现生成的超重元素的核X AZ 经过6次a 衰变后的产物是Fm 254100。
由此,可在判定生成的超重元素的原子序数和质量数分别是(A )124,259 (B )124,265 (C )112,265 (D )112,2772.对于一定量的理想气体,下列四个论述中正确的是(A )当分子热运动变剧烈时,压强必变大(B )当分子热运动变剧烈时,压强可以不变(C )当分子间的平均距离变大时,压强必变小(D )当分子间的平均距离变大时,压强必变大3.某人造地球卫星因受高空稀薄空气的阻气作用,绕地球运转的轨道会慢慢改变,每次测量中卫星的运动可近似看作圆周运动。
某次测量卫星的轨道半径为1r ,后来变为2r ,12r r <。
2000年全国高考历史试题及其参考答案
2000年全国高考历史试题及其参考答案本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷1至6页,第Ⅱ卷7至13页。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共74分)注意事项:1.答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。
考试结束,将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在试题卷上。
一、选择题:本大题共37小题,每小题2分,共计74分。
在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.下列关于北京人和山顶洞人的叙述,正确的是①居住地区不同②体质特征不同③取火方式不同④社会组织形式不同A.①②③B.①③④C.②③④D.①②④2.从战国“百家争鸣”到西汉“独尊儒术”的转变体现了①中央集权的强化②思想控制的加强③大一统局面的形成④儒家以外各学派的消亡A.②④B.①②④C.①③D.①②③3.下列对淝水之战中前秦失败原因的表述,的是A.军队战斗力不强B.军事指挥不当C.攻打东晋不得人心D.游牧民族不习水战4.下列史学著作中论及当时统治者的是A.《史记》B.《汉书》C.《后汉书》D.《资治通鉴》5.下列各项,在后世又曾大规模增修或扩建的工程是①郑国渠②都江堰③赵州桥④长城⑤大运河A.①②B.③④C.②⑤D.④⑤6.隋唐时期最盛行的体育活动是A.射箭和摔跤B.国棋和击剑C.马球和足球D.秋千和拨河7.宋太祖从地方军队中挑选精壮士兵编入禁军主要是为了A.加强中央集权B.消灭割据政权C.防御辽兵进攻D.节省军费开支8.明初加强专制统治的措施中,与后来宦官专权有直接关系的是()A.废除丞相B.设立厂卫特务机构C.八股取士D.地方设“三司”9.《天朝田亩制度》具有绝对平均主义性质,因为它规定A.按人口和年龄平均分配土地B.通过圣库制度平均分配所有农副产品C.鳏寡孤独废疾者由国库供养D.废除地主土地所有制10.19世纪60年代以后中国农副产品出口不断增长,它所产生的社会影响A.扭转了中国外贸人超的局面B.对中国资本主义经济发展有刺激作用C.有利于农村商品经济进一步解体D.有利于农村商品经济的发展11.百日维新期间维新派没有提出开国会、定宪法,是他们A.不敢触动封建制度B.认为这一政治主张不符合中国国情C.认为中国“民智未开”,难以实行立宪制度D.对封建势力作了妥协12.辛亥革命爆发后英美列强积极扶植袁世凯的主要原因是A.清政府已经无可救药B.袁世凯较清政府更加忠实于帝国主义C.革命党人损害了列强的在华利益D.认为袁世凯有的能力维持中国“国内秩序”13.下列关于前期新文化运动的叙述,正确的是A.具有较为广泛的群众基础B.强调建设资产阶级民主政权C.在文学革命方面取得突出成就D.能够正确看待东西方文化14.与科举制度下的官司学相比,洋务运动中所办新学堂的特点在于A.不以培养封建官吏为目的B.毕业生不在清政府中任职C.不由清政府派官员管理D.不再讲授“四书五经”15.“二次革命”的主要战场在A.江西和上海B.江西和南京C.江西和广东D.江西和安徽16.孙中山晚年指出,阻碍中国实现和平统一的关键因素是A.外国势力的干涉B.军阀混战C.各地经济发展不平衡D.不平等条约的存在17.下列关于“九一八事变”影响的叙述,的是A.它使中国东北沦为日本殖民地B.它使中国的社会矛盾开始发生变化C.它促使中共立即提出国共合作共同抗日的主张D.它冲破了凡尔赛一华盛大顿体系18.1947年解放军开始战略反攻时,国民党军队正在实施的战略是A.全面进攻解放区B.重点进攻山东和陕北解放区C.抢占战略要地和交通线D.集中兵力防守战略要地19.1956年底社会主义制度在我国基本建立,这一结论的主要依据是A.第一届全国人民代表大会召开B.社会主义政治制度确立C.第一个五年计划基本完成D.公有制经济占主导地位20.毛泽东提出要正确处理人民内部矛盾,主要是为了A.开展整风运动,克服官僚主义B.维护社会的团结稳定C.团结一切力量建设社会主义D.巩固发展三大改造的成果21.中国人民政治协商会议作为统一战线的组织并发挥政治协商和民主监督作用,开始于A.1949年秋B.1954年秋C.1956年底D.1978年底22.新中国第一次以世界五大之一地位参加的国际会议是A.日内瓦会议B.万隆会议C.第二十六届联合国大会D.第六届联大特别会议23.1961年我国对国民经济实行“调整、巩固、充实、提高”的方针,主要是为了A.克服产品供应紧张问题B.巩固“反右倾”斗争的成果C.解决农副产品供应紧张问题D.纠正“大跃进”运动的错误24.20世纪60年代,我国科学技术事业的主要成就是①万吨水压机研制成功②原子弹成功③人工合成牛胰岛素结晶成功④氢弹爆炸成功A.①②B.②③④C.①③④D.①②③④25.中世纪西欧人的书写材料主要是A.纸草B.丝帛C.树皮D.羊皮26.15~18世纪,欧洲些国家先后建立起君主专制制度,它表明A.封建君主制已盛极而衰B.市民阶级的作用日益减弱C.大贵族势力已销声匿迹D.统一民族国家和国内市场正在形成27.从尼德兰革命到法国大革命历时两个多世纪,而此后仅半个世纪资本主义就初步形成为一个世界体系,这主要是国为A.法国大革命的影响得到广泛传播B.维也纳体系激化了各国社会矛盾C.工业革命使资本主义力量迅速增强D.殖民统治遍及世界各大洲28.1794年初法国大革命面临的危机基本解除。
2000年全国普通高等学校春季招生全国统一考试(北京安徽卷)
2000年全国普通高等学校春季招生全国统一考试物理(北京、安徽卷)一、选择题本题共12小题;每小题4分,共48分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有的小题只有一个选项正确,有的小题有多个选项正确.全部选对的得4分,选不全的得2分,有选错或不答的得0分.1.某种金属在单色光照射下发射出光电子.这光电子的最大初动能A.随照射光强度的增大而增大B.随照射光频率的增大而增大C.随照射光波长的增大而增大D.与照射光的照射时间无关答案:BD2.做平抛运动的物体,每秒的速度增量总是A.大小相等,方向相同B.大小不等,方向不同C.大小相等,方向不同D.大小不等,方向相同答案:A3.图示是一个由电池、电阻R与平行板电容器组成的串联电路.在增大电容器两极板间距离的过程中,A.电阻R中没有电流B.电容器的电容变小C.电阻R中有从a流向b的电流D.电阻R中有从b流向a的电流答案:BC4.一带电质点在匀强磁场中做圆周运动,现给定了磁场的磁感应强度、带电质点的质量和电量.若用υ表示带电质点运动的速率,R表示其轨道半径,则带电质点运动的周期A.与υ有关,与R有关B.与υ无关,与R无关C.与υ有关,与R无关D.与υ无关,与R有关答案:B5.根据玻尔理论,某原子的电子从能量为E的轨道跃迁到能量为E'的轨道,辐射出波长为λ的光.以h 表示普朗克常量,C 表示真空中的光速,则E '等于A .c h E λ-B .c h E λ+C .λch E -D .λchE +答案:C6.远距离输送交流电都采用高压输电.我国正在研究用比330千伏高得多的电压进行输电.采用高压输电的优点是 A .可节省输电线的铜材料 B .可根据需要调节交流电的频率 C .可减少输电线上的能量损失 D .可加快输电的速度 答案:AC7.可以发射一颗这样的人造地球卫星,使其圆轨道A .与地球表面上某一纬度线(非赤道)是共面同心圆B .与地球表面上某一经度线所决定的圆是共面同心圆C .与地球表面上的赤道线是共面同心圆,且卫星相对地球表面是静止的D .与地球表面上的赤道线是共面同心圆,但卫星相对地球表面是运动的 答案:CD8. 已知在单摆a 完成10次全振动的时间内,单摆b 完成6次全振动,两摆长之差为l.6m .则两单摆摆长l a 与l b 分别为 A .m 9.0m 5.2==b a l l , B .m 5.2m 9.0==b a l l , C .m 0.4m 4.2==b a l l , D .m 4.2m 0.4==b a l l ,答案:B9.一矩形线圈abcd 处在磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场中,磁场方向与ab 垂直.当线圈以角速度ω 绕ab 转动时,感应电动势的最大值为1ε,线圈受到的最大磁力矩为M 1;当以角速度ω 绕中心轴O O '转动时,感应电动势的最大值为2ε,最大磁力矩为M 2.则21:εε和21:M M 分别为A .1∶1,1∶1B .1∶1,1∶2C .1∶2,1∶1D .1∶2,1∶2 答案:A10.如图所示,P 、Q 是两个电量相等的正的点电行,它们连线的中点是O ,A 、B 是中垂线上的两点,OB OA <,用A E 、B E 、A U 、B U 分别表示A 、B 两点的场强和电势,则A .A E 一定大于B E ,A U 一定大于B U B .A E 不一定大于B E ,A U 一定大于B UC .A E 一定大于B E ,A U 不一定大于B UD .AE 不一定大于B E ,A U 不一定大于B U 答案:B11.一轻质弹簧,上端悬挂于天花板,下端系一质量为M 的平板,处在平衡状态.一质量为m 的均匀环套在弹簧外,与平板的距离为h ,如图所示.让环自由下落,撞击平板.已知碰后环与板以相同的速度向下运动,使弹簧伸长.A .若碰撞时间极短,则碰撞过程中环与板的总动量守恒B .若碰撞时间极短,则碰撞过程中环与板的总机械能守恒C .环撞击板后,板的新的平衡位置与h 的大小无关D .在碰后板和环一起下落的过程中,它们减少的动能等于克服弹簧力所作的功 答案:AC12.已知平面简谐波在x 轴上传播,原点O 的振动图线如图a 所示,t 时刻的波形图线如图b 所示,则s 5.0+='t t 时刻的波形图线可能是答案:CD二、填空题 本题共4小题;每小题5分,共20分.把答案填在题中的横线上.13.一个蓄电池输出电压为12V ,若输出的电能为4.3×106J ,则它放出的电量为 C . 答案:5106.3⨯(5分)14.如图所示,理想变压器的原、副线圈匝数之比为1:4:21=n n ,原线圈回路中的电阻A 与副线圈回路中的负载电阻B 的阻值相等.a 、b 端加一定交流电压后,两电阻消耗的电功率之比=B A P P : .两电阻两端电压之比=B A U U : . 答案:1∶16(3分) 1∶4(2分)15.1999年11月20日,我国发射了“神舟号”载人飞船,次日载人舱着陆,实验获得成功.载人舱在将要着陆之前,由于空气阻力作用有一段匀速下落过程.若空气阻力与速度的平方成正比,比例系数为k ,载人舱的质量为m ,则此过程中载人舱的速度应为_______. 答案:kmg(5分) 16.地核的体积约为整个地球体积的16%,地核的质量约为地球质量的34%.经估算,地核的平均密度为 kg/m 3.(结果取两位有效数字) 答案:4102.1⨯(5分)三、实验题 本题共3小题,共18分.把答案纪在题中的撞线上.17.(4分)用螺旋测微器测量一根粗细均匀的金属丝的直径,示数如图所示,读数是____mm .答案:13.857(4分.13.858或13.856同样给分)18.(6分)在使用多用表测电阻时,有一个步骤是将两表笔短路,调节表上某旋钮,使指针指到表盘上电阻的示数为 处.测量某电池的端电压时,要将红表笔接到电池的 极.测量电流时,要使电流由 表笔流人多用电表. 答案:0欧姆(2分) 正(2分) 红(2分)19.(8分)利用“验证玻意耳一马略特定律”的实验装置来验证查理定律.(一)为了完成这个实验,除了图中给出的器材外,还需要气压计、托盘天平、热水、凉水和.(二)必须进行的实验步骤有:(1).用托盘天平称出活塞和框架的质量M.用气压计读出实验室中的大气压强P.按图安装器材,在框架两侧挂上钩码,使注射器的下半部分位于量杯之中.往量杯中加人适量的凉水,使注射器内的空气柱位于水面之下.过几分钟后,记下钩码的质量和活塞下表面的位置.同时.(2).在量杯中加些热水,过几分钟后在框架两侧加挂适当质量的钩码,使____________________________________,记下钩码的质量.同时,.(3).把步骤2重复4次.(三)可用作图法来验证查理定律是否成立,该图线的横坐标所代表的物理量及其单位是_____,纵坐标所代表的物理量及其单位是________.答案:(一)温度计(2分)(二)(1).用温度计测出杯中水的湿度(1分)。
2000年高考全国卷理科数学试题及答案
2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学(理工农医类)本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
第I卷1至2页。
第II卷3至9页。
共150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第I卷(选择题共60分)注意事项:1.答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答,不能答在试题卷上。
3.考试结束,监考人将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。
参考公式:三角函数的积化和差公式正棱台、圆台的侧面积公式其中c′、c分别表示上、下底面周长,l表示斜高或母线长其中S′、S分别表示上、下底面积,h表示高一、选择题:本大题共12分,每小题5分,共60分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
(1)设集合A和B都是自然数集合N,映射f:A→B把集合A中的元素n映射到集合B中的元素,则在映射f下,象20的原象是()(A)2 (B)3 (C)4 (D)5(2)在复平面内,把复数对应的向量按顺时针方向旋转,所得向量对应的复数是(A)(B)(C)(D)(3)一个长方体共一顶点的三个面的面积分别是,这个长方体对角线的长是(A)(B)(C)6 (D)(4)已知sinα>sinβ,那么下列命题成立的是(A)若α、β是第一象限角,则cosα>cosβ(B)若α、β是第二象限角,则tgα>tgβ(C)若α、β是第三象限角,则cosα>cosβ(D)若α、β是第四象限角,则tgα>tgβ(5)函数y=-xcosx的部分图象是(6)《中华人民共和国个人所得税法》规定,公民全月工资、薪金所得不超过800元的部分不必纳税,超过800元的部分为全月应纳税所得额,此项税款按下表分希累进计算。
全月应纳税所得额税率不超过500元的部分5%超过500元至2000元的部分10%超过2000元至5000元的部分15%……某人一月份应交纳此项税款26.78元,则他的当月工资、薪金所得介于(A)800~900元(B)900~1200元(C)1200~1500元(D)1500~2800元(7)若a>b>1,,则(A)R<P<Q (B)P<Q<R (C)Q<P<R (D)P<R<Q (8)以极坐标中的点(1,1)为圆心,1为半径的圆的方程是(A)(B)(C)(D)(9)一个圆柱的侧面展开图是一个正方形,这个圆柱的全面积与侧面积的比是(A)(B)(C)(D)(10)过原点的直线与圆相切,若切点在第三象限,则该直线的方程是(A)(B)(C)(D)(11)过抛物线(a>0)的焦点F作一直线交抛物线于P、Q两点,若线段PF与FQ的长分别是p、q,则等于(A)2a (B)(C)4a (D)(12)如图,OA是圆锥底面中心O到母线的垂线,OA绕轴旋转一周所得曲面将圆锥分成体积相等的两部分,则母线与轴的夹角为(A)(B)(C)(D)第II卷(非选择题共90分)注意事项:1.第II卷共7页,用钢笔或圆珠笔直接答在试题卷中。
