非限定性定语从句
3. People like to live in a place w__h_e_r_e there’s fresh air and little noise.
4. The girl w__h_o_m__/_t_h_a_t you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer.
6. The school, w__h_e_r_e I once studied, was built thirty years ago.
7. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _w_h_i_c_h was true.
8. _A_s we all know, he is good at English.
Example 2
1. I have a sister who / that works in a hospital. 我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。
不只一位姐姐
2. I have a sister, who works in a hospital. 我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。
只有一位姐姐
3. The magazines here which / that have nice pictures in them were written by him. 里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。
2. 非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补 充或说明,去掉它也不会影响主句的 意思。
Example 3
1. This is the house (which/ that )we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
限制性定语从句
2. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的。
manner. 她是个教师, 这一点从她的举止可以清 楚地看出。
3. He missed the show, which was really a
great pity.
他
错过了演出，这真是很大的遗憾。
4. He invited me to dinner, which made me very happy.
2. 定语从句分为限制性定语从句 (restrictive )和非限制性定语从句 (non-restrictive)两种。限制性定语 从句紧跟先行词,与先行词之间一 般不加逗号；非限制性定语从句与 主句之间通常用逗号分开。
Practice
Try to find the attributive clauses in the Reading section on page 42-43 and tell their functions.
3. I bought a car yesterday, w__h_ic_h_ cost me a lot.
4. Xi’anw, _h_ic_h___I visited last year, is a nice old city.
5. He will come to see me next July, _w_h_e_n_ he won’t be so busy.
(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而 which引导的定语从句不可放在句首。
(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作 主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若 从句中的谓语为行为动词，则从句中 的关系代词只能用which。另外,as引导 非限制性从句,常带有“正如”的意思。
Practice
1. Alice received an invitation from her boss, w__h_ic_h_ came as a surprise.
restrictive attributive clauses: 1. They contain a harmful chemical
that caused my liver to fail.
2. We shouldn’t be ashamed of the way we look, should we?
2. 非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词, 又可修饰整个主句,不可用that引导 且关系代词不可以省略。
Practice
1. The famous basketball star, w__h_o comes from America, will visit our school soon.
2. In those days, she used to go to Mr black,with w__h_o_m_ she had a wonderful time.
Question:
What’s the difference between No. 10 and No. 11? No. 10 is a restrictive clause while No. 11 with a comma is a non-restrictive clause.
Explanation
他请我吃饭，这使我很高兴。
Conclusion
1. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句 时, as和which可代替整个主句，相当 于and this或and that。这两个关系代 词都可指代主句所表达的整个意思, 且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。
2. as和which引导非限制性定语从句的不 同之处在于：
3. Then the doctor found someone in your country, whose name is Li Dong, was an exact match for me.
4. It’s the same in China—many people, some of whom are not overweight at all, are always going on diet or taking weight-loss pills, which are often dangerous.
5. He is the very worker w__h_o_s_e picture we saw in the newspaper yesterday.
6. He was very happy on the day w__h_e_n_/_ o_n__w__h_ic_h_ he entered the university.
3. This is really a touching story—a stranger who donated part of his liver to a girl he doesn’t even know!
non-restrictive attributive clauses: 1. I’m taking weight-loss pills
7. I never really understand the reason _w_h_y_ he made such a serious mistake.
8. Don’t read such bookass__ you cannot understand.
9. Is that the student _t_o_w__h_o_m__ you lent your dictionary?
10. Is this the new novel a_b__o_u_t _w_h_i_c_hyou have talked so much?
11. The little hero, w__h_ohas given his life for his country, will always live in the heart of the people.
2. The weather turned out to be very good, w__h_ic_h_ was more than we could expect.
3. _A_s is expected, the England team won the football match.
4. It rained hard yesterday, w__h_i_ch_ prevented me from going to tHis father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.
2. Shanghai, which is in East China, is developing quickly.
Conclusion 1
当先行词是地名、人名、世界上独 一无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时， 通常只用非限制性定语从句修饰。
非限制性定语从句
3. He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没领会我的意思, 这使我心烦。
非限制性定语从句
Conclusion 3
1. 限制性定语从句可以由关系代词,关 系副词来引导，关系代词作宾语时 可以省略。
1.定语从句(attributive clauses)通常由关系 代词或关系副词引出。常见的关系代词 有: which(指物), that(既可指人又可指 物), who(指人，在定语从句中作主语或 宾语), whom (指人，在定语从句中作宾 语),whose(指人或物，作定语)等。关系 副词有: when(指时间),where(指地 点),why(指原因)等。
非限制性定语从句考点归纳：
I. as 和which引导非限制性定语从句, 代 替整个主句。
Example:
1. As everyone knows,China is a country with a long history.
非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
以下是店铺整理的非限制性定语从句，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
非限制性定语从句 1非限制性定语从句：即非限定性定语从句，起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。
As一般放在句首，which在句中。
使用规则及注意事项：1、which引导的非限定性定语从句是用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。
2、as有时也可用作关系代词。
as引导非限制性定语从句，若as在从句中作主语，其引导的句子可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。
但which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放句中。
例句：As is reported in the newspaper, some artistic treasures (艺术珍品) will be on show at the exhibition on the weekend.3、在非限定性定语从句中，关系词不能用that。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句有四大区别：1在句中作用不同限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用，使该词的含义更具体，更明确。
限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意就不完整。
非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，只是对其作一些附加说明，不起限定制约作用。
如果将非限制性定语从句省去，主句的意义仍然完整。
2外在表现形式不同限制性定语从句因与先行词关系密切，所以不可以用逗号将其与主句隔开;而非限制性定语从句与先行词关系不十分密切，所以可用逗号将其与主句隔开。
非限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句1.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句：限定性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，如果省去，主句的意思不完整。
非限定性定语从句只是对先行词做附加意思说明，省去后主句仍然清楚。
限定性无逗号，非限定性有逗号。
She has a son who is a doctor.(不止一个)She has a son, who is a doctor. (仅有一个)He said nothing that made her angry. (没说使他生气的话)He said nothing, which made her angry.（没做声，她非常生气）2，非限定性定语从句的应用：⑴物，________(主语，宾语) ⑵人，________(主语) ⑶人，________(宾语) 备注：在非限定性定语从句中不用关系代词__________试试吧Smoking, _______ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. thoughHe lives in a hotel, _____ is only five minutes’ walk from here.A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. whereMy father is a worker,_________ works in HongXing Factory.The girl ,______ I told you something about is the monitor of Class Five.2)which 引导非限定性定语从句代替整个主句，意思是_______ _______此结构中，整个主句作为先行词可以由which引导。
例如：He failed in the exam，_______made his father angry. A.that B which C who D whom Football is played in 80 countries,_______ made it the most popular game in the world.A.that B which C who D whom3)as 引导非限定性定语，先行词是整个主句的情况：As we all know, Beijing is the capital of China.(众所周知，北京是中国的首都)As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.as 可以引导非限定性定语从句，代替整个_____.但是和which有区别。
定语从句-非限制性定语从句
定语从句限定性定语从句,顾名思义,是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句，它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。
非限定性定语从句,它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明,去掉之后并不影响句子的整个含义。
在形式上,非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常用逗号隔开。
1. 引导非限定性定语从句时,只能用which(不用that)。
Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.2. 引导非限定性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词,也可以指前面整个句子的含义。
Eg：All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.3. 在限定性定语从句中作宾语时,引导词可以省略,但引导非限定性定语从句的关联词不能省。
4.表示"正如"的含义时,通常用as引导非限定性定语从句,也可用which引导;但置于句首时,只能用as引导。
China has basically succeeded in defeating SARS, which / as we have expected.正如我们所预料的那样,中国已基本上战胜了“非典”。
As is well known to everybody, T aiwan is an inseparable part of China.众所周知,台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。
5. 指人时主格用who,宾格用whom,物主格用whose(也可指物)Miss Howe, whom you met in the library, is our new teacher.The Arabs, who are famous for their horses and camels, use these animals for work and in sports.6.关系副词when(指时间), where (指地点)也可以引导非限制性定语从句(注意关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
非限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句是英语语法中从句的一种，是定语从句的分支之一。
作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。
1. 关系词①引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词：②引导非限定性定语从句的关系副词主要有：when, where2.规则注意①which引导的非限定性定语从句是用来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分。
②as有时也可用作关系代词。
as引导非限制性定语从句，若as在从句中作主语，其引导的句子可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。
但which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放句中。
例句：As is reported in the newspaper ，some artistic treasures(艺术珍品）will be on show at the exhibition on the weekend.③在非限定性定语从句中，关系词不能用that。
3. 关系代词as和which的区别①as引导的定语从句可以放在句首、句中和句尾，which 引导的定语从句只能放在句尾。
②当as后面有“is或was+过去分词”构成的被动语态时，be动词is或was可省略。
③as有时也可用作关系代词。
as引导非限制性定语从句，若as在从句中作主语，其引导的句子可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。
但which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放句中。
例句：As is reported in the newspaper ，some artistic treasures(艺术珍品）will be on show at the exhibition on the weekend.4.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的区别①限定性定语从句: 从句不能省略,如果省略整个句子意思不完整。
非限定性定语从句: 从句可以省略,如果省略整个句子意思仍然完整。
eg. The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .太阳给予大地热，这就使植物的生长成为可能。
非限定性定语从句
详细描述
where引导非限定性定语从句，用于修饰前 面的地点，提供更多关于这个地点的信息， 但并不影响主句的意思。例如：“The place where the accident happened is not far from here.”（事故发生的地方离这里不远。）
why
总结词
用于指代原因
详细描述
非限定性定语从句还可以用来强调某个名词或代词，突出其重要性。
02 非限定性定语从句的引导 词
who
总结词
用于指代人
VS
详细描述
who引导非限定性定语从句，用于修饰前 面的人，提供更多关于这个人的信息，但 并不影响主句的意思。例如：“The teacher who was standing at the door is very popular with students.”（站在 门边的老师很受学生欢迎。）
VS
例如：“他的朋友，是一位医生，昨 天来看望了他。”在这个句子中，非 限定性定语从句“是一位医生”补充 说明了“他的朋友”的职业。
先行词指物
先行词指物时，非限定性定语从句可以用来 描述先行词的特征、用途或来源等。
例如：“这辆车，是他的生日礼物，非常漂 亮。”在这个句子中，非限定性定语从句“
是他的生日礼物”描述了这辆车的来源。
非限定性定语从句通常用逗号与主句 隔开，因此也被称为“逗号从句”。
特点
非限定性定语从句与主句的关系不是紧密的，而是相对独立的，它可以被省略而不影响主句的意义。
非限定性定语从句通常不使用关系代词that引导，而是使用关系代词which、who、whom等。
作用
非限定性定语从句可以用来补充说明名词或代词的属性、特征、来源等，使句子更加完整和丰富。
非限制性定语从句
U n i t5G r a m m a r定语从句非限制性定语从句一．概述非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开;如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间;起前后都需要用逗号隔开..1)The other day I met Li Lei; who seemed to be very busy.不久前的一天我碰上李雷了;他好象很忙..2)His mother; who loves him very much; is strict with him. 他妈妈很爱他;对他要求很严格..非限制性定语从句和单句的比较1)He failed in the exam. _It_ made his parents angry.2)He failed in the exam; It made his parents angry.3)He failed in the exam; _which made his parents angry.二．非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：一非限制性定语从句中的关系词：1. 关系代词如下表所示：1)The house; ______ we bought last month; is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮;是我们上个月买的..2)Miss Howe; _______you met in the library; is our new teacher.3)Yesterday I bought a T-shirt; ________only cost me 18 Yuan.4)Tom’s father; ________is over sixty; still works hard day andnight.汤姆的父亲已经六十多岁了;但他仍然从早到晚忙碌地工作..5)Li Ming; ________ mother has been ill for two days; is absent fromschool today.6)Yesterday she sold her car; _______ she bought a month ago.7)John’s wife; ____woks in Beijing ;came back home yesterday.注意：非限制性定语从句中关系代词which/whom在从句中作宾语时;不可省略..1)This book; which you can get at any bookshop; will give you all theinformation you need.这本书会给你提供所有你需要的资料;它在任何一家书店都能买到..2)This morning I met Tom; whom I hadn't seen for ages.今天早上我碰见汤姆;我很多年未见到他了..2.关系副词有when和where；关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句;要用for which代替..1)Yesterday Jimmy left for Canada; _______ he had stayed two years.昨天;吉米动身到加拿大去了;他曾在那儿呆了两年..2)The People’ s Republic of China was founded in 1949; _________hewas born.3)I had told them the reason; __________I didn’t attend the meeting. 二关系代词前介词的选择..1.依据定语从句中动词的习惯搭配来确定1)I bought a great many books; ______which I spent all my money thatI saved.我买了很多书;这些书花了我所有的积蓄..2)This project; _______which I have devoted lots of time; will bea great success.这项工程我投入了很多时间;肯定能成功..2.依据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定1)I’ll never forget the time; during which I spent my childhood inthe country.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光..2)Her bag; in which she put all her books; has not been found.用适当的介词填空：1)In the dark street; there wasn’t a single person ___whom she couldturn for help.2)At last we found the hole in the wall _________ which the mouse gotinto the house last night.三含有“不定代词both/some/any/all/none等或基数词+of which/whom“结构的非限制性定语从句1)He has three sons; all of whom are college students.2)There are 51 students in Class Three;none of whom failed in themonthly examination last week.3)Here are the questions; some of which I thought are difficult foryou.4)Present at the meeting were almost experts on DNA; most of whom camefrom the US.出席会议的大都是DNA专家;其中大部分来自美国..5)I have three foreign teachers; two of whom are from Canada.填空：We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people; most o f ______are healthy.小贴士此类题解题的关键是看句中的标号.. 如果是逗号;通常考虑关系词;反之;考虑人称代词..1)He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers.2)He has two sons; both of ________ are teachers.四关系代词as的用法1.as 与which 都可以代指主句整个句子的内容;有时可以互换He is a doctor ;as/which we know from his manner.2. 区别点：A.as引导的定语从句可以放在句首;而which 则不能..B.as意为“正如……”;后面的谓语动词多是see;know;expect;say;mention;report;announce等；which意为“这一点”..1)He didn’t know French; which made it difficult for him to studyat a university in France.2)Smoking is harmful to one's health;as we know;3)As we know;more than seventy percent of the earth is covered withwater.正如我们所知;地球表面的70%以上被水覆盖..4)He came back home late;as we expected.正如我们所料;他回家晚了..注意：as的固定结构：She is late;as is often the case．她迟到了;这是经常的事Taiwan;as you know;is an inseparable part of China．你知道;台湾是中国不可分割的一部分..As is announced in the papers;our country has launched another man-madeearth satellite．报纸宣布;我国又发射了一颗人造地球卫星..I’ve never heard such a wonderful song as he’s singing.即学即练：1)The number of the students in senior high schools isincreasing;________is mentioned above;2)________is often the case with elder people;my grandma talked aboutmy new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.比较：It is so heavy a box as no man can lift.这是一个没有人搬得动的大盒子..It is so heavy a box that no man can lift it.This is such a novel as all people;both young and old;like to read.. This is such a novel as all people;both young and old;like to read it.高考链接：1. I walked in our garden; _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.2. The Beatles; _______ many of you are old enough to remember; came from Liverpool.3. She was educated at Beijing University; ____ she went on to haveher advanced study abroad.4. Last week; only two people came to look at the house;_______ wantedto buy it.5. It is reported that two schools; _____ are being built in my hometown;will open next year.6. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors;_____ are beyond our control.7. They will fly to Washington; _____they plan to stay for two or three days.8. Many children; ______ parents are away working in big cities; aretaken good care of in the village．9. Whenever I met her; _______ was fairly often; she greeted me witha sweet smile.10. As a child; Jack studied in a village school; _______is named after his grandfather.11. The settlement is home to nearly 1;000 people; many of _____ left their village homes for a better life in the city.12. Our teacher urges us to form a good habit of learning;________wethink will benefit us in the13. Remember that there is still one point________we must make clearat the conference tomorrow.14. All the neighbors admire this family;________the children andparents build up a friendly relationship.15.As to the unemployment;the government has taken a series of measuresin many areas;________;I am sure;will benefit the people out of work. 16The reason _______ he was late again was that he was caught in a traffic jam in the rush hour. 117.I hate the way _______ you talk to your mother.18.You think the reason _______ he gave is believable.19.____ is reported in the newspaper ; talks between the two countries are making progress.20. Is this museum _____they visited last month21.---- Where did you meet him first ----- It was in the hotel ＿he stayed.22. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.23. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked; “Is there ahospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand ”24. They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting; but none of _______were carried out in their work.25. Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park; ____parents were seated together joking.2014辽宁卷Dear Jeremy and Alice;Although we’ve been delighted to have you as neighbors; we’re hoping to settle something that bothers to us. In a word; your dog—Cleo. We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking. It is difficult to understan ding why she barks every minute she’s outside. The early morning barking have been disturbing us as wc arc often up all night with the baby. Beside; Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. This morning she starts barking even before 5 o’clock. That is too much for us. considering how closely the houses are. We appreciate our apologies and goodwill; but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.2014陕西卷My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals; insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.One evening at sunset; we sat by the fire; have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target.Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky — they were looked like rain We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.That day I didn’t learn much about animals; insects or trees; but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity答案去掉us前面的to试题解析动词bother困扰;麻烦；这是一个及物动词;后面直接加宾语;不需要使用介词to..2. 答案time改为times试题解析本句中的time表示“次数”;是一个可数名词;前面有several修饰;说明使用复数形式..3. 答案understanding改为understand试题解析本句中的it是一个形式主语;真正的主语是后面的不定式结构to understand why….；不定式结构中to后面要接动词原形..4. 答案have改为has试题解析本句的主语是单个的动名词短语the early morning barking;做主语时;谓语动词要使用单数形式..5. 答案beside改为beside试题解析介词beside以为“在…旁边”；本句中的besides是一个副词“而且”;单独使用;表示递进关系..6. 答案bark后面的a改为an试题解析名词average是以元音开始的单词;所以使用an修饰average of…..7. 答案starts改为started试题解析本句叙述的是具体早晨发生的事情;也就是过去所发生的事情;所以使用一般过去时started..8. 答案closely改为close试题解析本句how close the houses are中的close本应该是在系动词are 的后面;构成系表结构are close..Closely是一个副词;副词通常不能和许系动词连用构成系表结构的..9. 答案our改为your试题解析句义：我们很欣赏你的歉意..根据后面的you可知对方是来道歉的..10. 答案figure后面加out试题解析固定搭配figure out找到;算出..我们希望你能够找到一个解决问题的好方法..1.答案wanted后面加to试题解析固定搭配want to do sth想要做某事；to是不能省略的;不定式to do sth作为want的宾语..2. 答案come改为came试题解析根据本文第一句可知讲述的是过去发生的事情;所以使用一般过去时;所以使用came..3. 答案have改为having试题解析本句中动词have与句子主语we构成逻辑上的主动关系;所以使用现在分词在句中做状语..4. 答案immediate改为immediately试题解析本句中应该使用副词immeately来修饰谓语动词jumped;在句中做状语..形容词immediate不能做状语..5. 答案on改为at试题解析固定搭配shoot..at…不能使用介词on..At表示瞄准的对方或者方向..6. 答案Neither改为none试题解析代词neither表示两者都不…；而本句中没有提及两者;应该是有很多的鸟..故使用none表示三者或者三者以上的全部否定..7. 答案was改为were试题解析本句的主语是复数名词arrows;所以谓语动词使用复数形式were..8 答案去掉were或者looked试题解析本句是指箭如雨下;要么使用look like看起来像..；要么使用be like…像…一样..9. 答案but改为and试题解析我们四处逃跑;很幸运的是没有人受伤..根据上下文语境可知表示并列关系..10. 答案a改为an试题解析后面的形容词impressive是以元音开始的;所以使用an..。
非限制性定语从句的讲解
非限制性定语从句的讲解非限制性定语从句的讲解非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
下面是店铺为大家收集的非限制性定语从句的讲解，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。
非限制性定语从句的讲解篇1说到非限定性定语从句的讲解，还要分成不同的部分，首先大家要知道就得就是该从句的作用是什么。
其实它在句子中是一个独立的成分，不会受到主句的限制，把从句去掉之后，主句仍然是成立的。
这也是为什么它会叫做非限定性定语从句。
其次，大家要了解该从句的形式：非限制性定语从句与先行词以及主句之间的关系不甚紧密，因而通常要用逗号与主句分隔开。
例如：Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?你看过“泰坦尼克号”这部电影吗?它的男主演可是世界闻名的。
My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.我有位朋友，他一辈子服务于国际奥林匹克委员会，下个月就要退休了。
在非限制性定语从句也分成不同的种类，在不同情况下，该从句的使用方法也是不一样的，在考试中经常会考察大家对于该从句不同类型的运用。
如果大家不能很好的掌握这些用法，在考试的时候就一定会丢分了，下面就是关于该从句不同类型的介绍：(1) who引导的非限制性定语从句Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。
My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year.我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。
非限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明，没有从句并不影响主句意思的明确或完整。
这种从句一般用逗号与主句分开。
在非限定性定语从句中，一般通常不用关系代词that。
有时，主从复合句中的定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的取决于全句意思或上下文。
限定性定语从句是句子中不可缺少的组成成分。
如没有限定性定语从句，先行词的意思就不明确，主句也不完整，从句和主句之间不用逗号分开。
在定语从句中只能用that的情况1．在先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much等不定代词。
2．先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等词修饰。
3．先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 等词修饰。
4．先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
5．当先行词表示人和物时。
e.g.1. We should do all that is useful to the people.2. You can take any seat that is free.3. This is the last place that I want to visit.4. This is the best novel that I have ever read.5. We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.在定语从句中只能用which的情况在定语从句中，关系代词which 和that都常用来指物，一般没有什么区别。
但必须掌握某些只用which 而不用that的特定情况。
在定语从句中关系代词只能用which 的情况1. 当关系代词前使用介词时。
2. 用在非限定性定语从句中3. 先行词本身是that时。
4. 有两个定语从句，其中一个用了that, 另一个宜用whiche.g.1. This is the train on which we went to Tianjin.2. Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.3. The predicate is that which is said of the subject.4. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.。
什么是非限制性定语从句
什么是非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
非限制性定语从句可以简单理解为就是没有紧跟在修饰对象（即先行词）之后的定语从句，与限制性定语从句刚好相反。
也就是说，先行词和非限制性定语从句之间常被逗号或是其它语句部分隔开，而没有紧密连接在一起。
需要注意的是：1)引导词that(关系代词)和why(关系副词)一般不用于引导非限制性定语从句。
2)引导词which(关系代词)在引导非限制性定语从句时，不仅可以指代主句的某部分内容，还可以用来指代整个主句。
具体示例如下：（下划线部分是非限制性定语从句；加粗字体是该定语从句的修饰对象，也就是先行词。
）例1：I am looking for a watch, which Jason bought me.例2：The puppy peed in his arms, which made us laugh.例3：Penny, who used to be a waitress, becomes a successful saleswoman.例4：Many people witnessed the accident, some of whom called the police.例5：Jacob is the silent boy standing in the back, whose hair is black and straight.例6：He realized the days were all over when they could talk everything to each other.例7：She wandered in the school alone and aimlessly, where they last met.值得注意的是，由于定语从句的本质是形容词，通常只起到修饰作用，所以定语从句本身一般不会对主句的完整性产生任何影响。
非限制性定语从句
• Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. • 她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。 • （意含： 她只有一个哥哥。）
• . All the books that have pictures in them are well written.
C • 例4 I had told them the reason ______ I didn’t attend the meeting. •
• •
A. when C. why
B. which D. for that
• 解析： 例3意为：“我早已把理由告诉他们， 于是我没有出席会议。”先行词为reason 时，非限制性定语从句应用for which引导， 故选A。
C • 5．Write a letter to a friend，____has some difficulties with his studies． M • 6．There are four rooms in the house，____ is a drawing room． H • 7．We will move into the new house next week，____it will be completed． A • 8．When lost in work，he often was，____he would forget all about eating and sleeping．
所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。 （意含： 不带插图的书则不一定写得好。）
• All the books, which have pictures in them, are well written.