专题三 介词和介词短语
2022版高考英语一轮复习语法专项突破专题三不可忽视的小词_代词冠词和介词短语第三讲介词短语学案含解
第三讲介词(短语)Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．(2020·高考某某卷)Some time after 10，000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ，through agriculture.解析：考查介词。
分析句子结构可知，they lived 是定语从句，修饰先行词the world；省略了关系代词，说明关系代词在从句中作宾语。
根据语法常识知，live常和介词in搭配，意为“居住在……〞。
省略了的关系代词作in的宾语。
答案：in2．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅲ)The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist earth, Mother Nature.解析：考查介词。
此处on earth相当于in the world，意思是“在世上，在人间〞。
答案：on3．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Museums must pete people's spare time and money with other amusements.Most museums also wele school groups and arrange special activities for children.解析：考查介词。
pete for...with...为了……而与……竞争，为固定搭配。
答案：forⅡ．单句改错1．(2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ)I'm glad to know that you've e China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown.解析：考查介词。
句意：知道你来到中国在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫我很高兴。
e为不与物动词，后面加宾语时，需加介词。
高考英语复习对点练：专题三 介词和介词短语 对点巩固 含答案
第一部分专题三
1．The mother continued to care for the young panda 67.for more than two years.
【解析】“for＋时间段”表示持续一段时间。
句意：熊猫妈妈对孩子的照顾会持续两年多。
2．My father is stout and strong, 61.with a severe look on his face and keen expressive eyes.
【解析】with a severe look(父亲)有着严肃的表情。
此处with表示“带着(表情)”。
3．Dad cleaned the house, and then went on shopping.
【解析】go shopping去购物，是固定搭配。
【答案】去掉on
4．While they chatted, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.
【解析】on the top of在……的上面/顶端。
【答案】in→on
5．I have planned an autumn outing for my class the next week, and I'm writing to ask your permission.
【解析】ask for请求，要求，是固定短语。
【答案】ask后加for
第- 1 -页共1页。
2020高考英语语法专题三 介词和介词短语
高考雷达 考点归纳
5.after,in after+一段时间:表示“在……之后”,用于一般过去时;但时间为点 时间时,只能用after,即after+点时间,用于各种时态。 in+一段时间:表示以说话时为起点一段时间之后,与一般将来时 连用;但表示“在……之内”时,用于各种时态。 After eight it began to rain. 八点后开始下雨。 Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves in half an hour. 简很匆忙,因为去机场的火车半小时内就发车了。
-9-
高考雷达 考点归纳
考点三 表示计量的介词 1.at表示“以……速度,以……价格”。 The only reason a man would sell salt at a lower price would be that he was desperate for money. 一个人以低价卖盐的唯一原因可能是他非常需要钱。 2.for表示“用……交换,以……为代价”。 He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百美元的价格把车卖了。 注意at表示单价(price),for表示总钱数。 3.by表示“按……计算”,后跟度量单位。接具体单位前用定冠词 the,接具体度量名词时该名词前不加冠词。 They are paid by the day.他们按天计算报酬。
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高考雷达 考点归纳
考点五 表示“除……之外”的介词 besides表示包含,“除……之外还有……”。 except表示排除,“除……之外”,指整体里面排除部分,后面可接代 词、副词、介词短语,还可接that从句或wh-从句。 but表示排除,多与nobody,none,no one,nothing,anything,everyone,all,who等连用,其后可以接不定式。 可用于have nothing to do but do .../can do nothing but do .../have no choice but to do .../can’t choose/help but do ...句式中,表示“除 了……以外别无选择”。 except for表示“除……之外”,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加以 修正。
三、介词和介词短语
英语
(3)on一般指在物体的表面,或相邻并接壤。 The picture is hanging on the wall. 那张画挂在墙上。 (4)beside/ by表示“在„„的旁边”。 She was standing beside her mother. 她站在她母亲旁边。 There is a small house by the river. 河边有座小屋。
3.“Speed up.70 km/h isn’t fast enough.You are holding up traffic,” ordered another voice from the seat next me.(2017四川资阳一诊)
答案及剖析: 1.without 考查介词的用法。句意:如果没有一点儿数学知识,要认真研究物理 是不可能的。根据句意可知,此处用介词without,表示“没有,缺乏”。 2.as 考查介词的用法。句意:早在1953年,当时他30岁,他就在那所大学当了一 名研究助理。work as从事……工作,为固定搭配。 3.to 考查介词的用法。句意:“加快速度。每小时70千米还不够快。你正在造 成交通阻塞。”我旁边座位(的人)又发出一个声音,命令道。next to意为: 挨着。
英语
4.The equipment for the disabled should be in public places.
easy reach
5.We need to prevent pollution
investing in renewable energy. 6.The game was played
英语
跟踪训练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.A serious study of physics is impossible mathematics. 2.When he was 30,back in 1953,he was working a research some knowledge of
2020高考英语语法介词及介词短语
专题介词和介词短语以及八大考点介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。
通常和名词，动词，形容词连用，介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。
介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语。
介词可分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词和其他介词。
介词的分类最常见介词一----in, on, at1．表示时间的at，in，onat表示片刻的时间(点)，如：at 8 a.m. 常用词组有：at dawn, at noon，at night，at midnight，at the end of，at that time，at Christmas，at New Year等。
in表示一段时间（段），如：in the morning/afternoon/evening，in October，in 1998，in the 21st century, in summer, in the past, in the future等。
on指特定的日子（日），时间：on Monday，on Christmas Eve, on May Day，on a warm morning, on September 12, on that day等。
2.表示方位的at, in，onat表示“在某一点上” look at sb arrive at. Smile at, point at. At the top of ..... at the beginning of.......in表示“在…内”，Beijing is in the north of China.in the classroom. In the world. In Fangshan. in your heart, in your letter.on指“在....上, 与…接壤，在河/江畔”，Korea lies on the east of China. On the third floor. On foot. On your face. Put on your coat.二．表示“穿过……”的through, over和acrossthrough 指在内部穿过, across则指在表面上的横穿, over指在上方过去，跨越。
小升初英语课件专题 03 词法 第四讲 介词 全国通用版
考点二 常见的介词用法辨析
1. at, in, on在表示时间时的区别 (3)on: ①常与星期连用，如: on Monday, on Sunday等;
英汉互译 6.乘公共汽车____b_y_b__u_s____ 7. after school___放__学__后________ 8.在周末__o_n_t_h_e__w_e_e_k_e_n_d___ 9. under the chair___在__椅__子__下__面_____ 10.在公园前面 __i_n__fr_o_n_t_o_f_t_h_e__p_a_rk
B: Sorry, she's not in. 2. A: Tom, this new shirt is __f_o_r__ you.
B: Thank you, Mum. 3. A: Excuse me, where's the classroom __o_f__ Class One?
B: Room 201.
B: Yes, there are.
选择合适的介词填空。(每词只用一次) under before at in front of on over for in behind with 1. Lucy is ill, so she is __a_t ___ home now. 2. There is a bridge __o_v_e_r___ the river. 3. It's very hot today. Let's sit __u_n_d_e_r_ the tree. 4. The girl __in____ blue is my sister. 5. I come here __fo_r____the book.
【中考英语一轮复习语法一点通】语法专题三 介词(学生版)
语法专题三、介词（常考）考点1 时间介词①in，after，later表示时间的区别in ＋时间段，用于将来时，表示“过……后”。
He will come back in an hour.after＋一段时间，用于过去时，表示“在……以后”。
After an hour，he came back.after＋时间点，用于将来时，表示“在……以后”。
He will come back after 5 o'clock.时间段＋later，常用于过去时，表示“在……之后”。
An hour later，he came back.②in，on，at表示时间的区别in 主要表达年、月、季节、年代、世纪；泛指上午、下午、晚上。
➢in spring在春天in February在二月in the 21st century在21世纪➢We have four lessons in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。
on 主要表示星期、日期或具体的某一天；特指具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上用on。
➢on Monday在星期一on May 1st在五月一号on Labor Day在劳动节➢We have two lessons on Friday afternoon. 我们周五下午有两节课。
at 表示某一时刻，用于具体时间点前，或正午和午夜前。
➢at 7:00在七点at noon 在正午at night在晚上/在午夜➢We start classes at eight o’clock every morning. （注意every, this, last, next前不加介词）我们每天早上八点上课。
(2021·北京市·历年真题)Space Day of China falls ______ April 24th every year.③ A. on B. by C. at D. in④for，since 表示时间的区别（现在完成时的标志词）for ＋时间段➢I have lived here for 10 years. 我已经住在这里十年了。
2020版高考英语(全国版)人教英语语法专题3 介词和介词短语
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Apart from going shopping,the old lady likes walking except when it rains. 天不下雨时,这位老太太除了购物还喜欢散步。 Beijing is a beautiful city,except for its traffic. 除了交通问题,北京是一座很美的城市。
4.on focus on “关注,聚焦”,为固定短语,因此填on。 5.with 句意:例如,在印度,大部分人传统上用手吃饭。介词with表 示“用……”之意。 6.by by car是固定表达,意为“坐汽车”。by后接交通工具时,表示 交通工具的名词前不加冠词。
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2.for后接“一段时间”,表示某事持续多久,多与完成时连用;during 表示“在……期间”;through表示“一直……,自始至终”。 The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds. 这个新来的男孩子看了老师几秒钟。 I went to France during the summer holiday. 暑假期间我去了法国。 They worked hard through the winter. 整个冬天他们都在努力工作。
最新 2021届高三一轮：专题3-介词、介词短语和动词短语(含答案)
A.单句填空(每小题1.5分，共15分，限时7分钟)1．[2021·衡水二中一轮检测]I waved to Nancy, but she was ________(absorb) in her thoughts, and made no response.答案absorbed[句意：我跟南希挥手致意，但是她在沉思，没有作出回应。
考查be absorbed in，意为“专心于，全神贯注于”，故应填absorbed。
]2．[2021·冀州中学热身]He tried to join the army but was ________(reject) because of poor health, which made him depressed.答案rejected[句意：他试图去参军，但是因为身体不够健康被拒绝了，这让他很郁闷。
reject 意为“拒绝”。
根据句意可知填rejected。
]3．[2021·枣强中学周测]I knew I had heard this song before but its name ________(escape)me.答案escaped[句意：我知道我以前听过这首歌，但我就是想不起来它的名字。
the name escape sb.表示“某人记不起那个名字”，故填escaped。
]4．[2021·武邑中学模拟]A well-written English composition call________good choice of words and clear organization.答案for[句意：一篇好的英语作文需要选词优美、结构清晰。
call for意为“需要”，符合句意。
故填for。
]5．[2021·衡水中学周测]Because of this urgent operation, Dr Blair had to set ________his research and hurried to the hospital.答案aside[句意：因为这个紧急的手术，Blair医生不得不把他的研究放在一边，匆匆忙忙地去了医院。
高考二轮(通用版)英语复习对点练：专题3 介词和介词短语 Word版含答案
第一部分专题三Ⅰ.单句语法填空(在下列句子的空白处填上适当的介词)1．—What about the milk of this brand?—It is at least as good as, if not superior to,_that of other brands.2．The book is intended for foreigners who want to learn about the Chinese culture and history.3．—I'm too busy to go to the bank to check whether she has put the money in my bank account.—It's easy to check your bank account via the Internet.4．—His painting won a big prize and was purchased by a museum last week.—Yes. You know, he has a talent for painting.5．Facing an aging population, Finland hopes to maintain economic growth by making people work beyond their retirement age.6．Specific plans for emergencies, such as flooded underground projects, are still not in place although some cities have put forward plans to deal with swollen rivers.7．The G20 was created in December 1999 in response to the financial crisis to promote open and constructive discussions between rich and developing countries.8．Tom will deliver a speech at the graduation ceremony on behalf of our class.9．Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65 years old.10．Three of the town's factories have closed down within the space of a year.11．We often hear children sing songs happily in the kindergarten across the street.12．—How smart you are in that suit!—Can't you see I'm thinner? I've managed to lose my weight by 10 pounds.13．Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival to China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.14．Tom is one of the top students in our school and the scores he's got in each exam are always far above average.15．—What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?—Well, let's discuss it over lunch.16．The dress is very nice, but not to the girl's taste, for she is somehow particular.17．Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.18．The little pupil took his grandma by the arm and walked her across the street.19．She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.20．Our club is open to everyone regardless of age, sex or educational background.Ⅱ.单句改错1．To be free off the noise pollution, I moved to a quiet place in the countryside.【答案】off→from2．I'm short with money, so I'm afraid to be out of work.【答案】with→of3．The house in repair dates from 1950.【答案】in→under4．The boat was in the mercy of the storm but was spotted by a passing ship by accident.【答案】in→at5．He felt to ease at the sight of his son's safe return.【答案】to→at6．While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything to return.【答案】to→in7．The Scottish girl in blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.【答案】第一个in→with8．It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life with his great wealth.【答案】with→despite9．It was a real race to time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.【答案】第一个to→against10．A serious study of physics is impossible no some knowledge of mathematics.【答案】no→without11．Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always on the way whenever she tries to.【答案】on→in12．In behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.【答案】In→On13．I am always delighted when I receive an e－mail from you. On regard to the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.【答案】On→With14．An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered with chance a long lost antique Greek vase.【答案】with→by15．You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be in life.【答案】in→for16．To all the animals I've ever had, these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.【答案】To→Of17．Brown said he was by no means annoyed; in the contrary, he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood.【答案】in→on18．This shop will be closed for repairs to further notice.【答案】to→until19．With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken for color.【答案】for→in20．Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you in the tough years.【答案】in→throughⅢ.语法填空Passage 1(用适当的介词或副词填空)In the chemistry lab, because 1.of the student's carelessness, the tube cracked and the liquid in it caused a fire on the table. Fortunately, I put it out 2.in time at last.In fact, it is common to have some small accidents caused 3.by carelessness. I used to enjoy cooking, so I always sought a chance to cook. However, the desire led 4.to an accident.Once I stayed 5.at home alone. I found it a chance to cook. I put all the food I needed 6.into a pot. Then I had to wait 7.for it to boil. In order to kill the waiting time, I went to watch TV. Only in a few minutes was I fascinated by a wonderful programme. It was about half an hour that I remembered my food. I turned 8.off the cooker immediately but unfortunately the food ran over 9.from the pot. I was blamed and had to clean the kitchen.So we should pay attention 10.to everything we are doing to avoid accidents.体裁：记叙文题材：个人经历主题：生活中注意安全语篇导读：作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉读者在日常生活中应该处处小心以免发生意外。
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专题三介词和介词短语
1．(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ)It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.
A．over B．by
C．for D．against
解析：选D。
本题考查介词的意义。
句意：这真是一个需要争分夺秒才能完成的项目。
幸运的是，我们圆满地完成了。
四个选项中的介词只有D项的against与time构成“against time”才意为“争分夺秒”，其他介词用在此处都不符合句意。
故答案选D项。
2．(2013·高考新课标全国卷Ⅱ)A serious study of physics is impossible________some knowledge of mathematics.
A．against B．before
C．beyond D．without
解析：选D。
题干的意思是：“________一定的数学知识，认真研究物理是不可能的。
”against“靠着；反对”；before“在……之前”；beyond“超出”；without“没有”。
四个选项中填入without最合适，故选D。
3．(2013·高考北京卷)I have an appointment________Dr.Smith，but I need to change it.
A．to B．off
C．with D．from
解析：选C。
题干的意思是：我跟史密斯博士有个约会，但是我需要改一下。
have an appointment with sb.跟某人有约，为固定搭配，故准确答案为C项。
掌握固定搭配是解题关键。
4．(2013·高考山东卷)The Smiths are praised ________ the way they bring up their children.
A．from B．by
C．at D．for
解析：选D。
句意：史密斯夫妇因为养育孩子的方式而受到了赞扬。
根据固定搭配praise sb.for sth.可知答案为D项。
因句中的“are praised...”，学生很容易理解为“被……表扬”而误选by。
5．(2013·高考浙江卷)It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.________，I’ll set the table.
A．As a result B．On the whole
C．In the meanwhile D．As a matter of fact
解析：选C。
题干的意思是：“如果你到商店买来我们晚饭所需要的东西，这就算帮大忙了；在此期间，我将摆好餐桌。
”as a result结果，所以；on the whole从整体来说；in the meanwhile在此期间，与此同时；as a matter of fact事实上。
由题干意思可知准确答案为C项。
6．(2013·高考福建卷)Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to.
A．in the way B．on watch
C．in sight D．on the line
解析：选A。
首先了解四个选项的汉语意思。
in the way表示“挡道，妨碍”；on watch 表示“值班；监视”；in sight表示“看得见”；on the line表示“处于危险中”。
由题干中的关键信息hard可知此处填in the way“挡道，妨碍”。
本题的意思是：“史密斯太太发现她很难收拾这一片狼藉，因为每当她试图收拾时，她的孩子们总是妨碍她。
”
7．(2013·高考辽宁卷)________everyone here，I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
A．By means of B．On behalf of
C．In search of D．For fear of
解析：选B。
by means of意为“用；凭借”；on behalf of意为“代表”；in search of意为“寻找”；for fear of意为“担心”。
根据后半句句意“我祝愿你回国的旅途愉快”可知答案，即“我代表这里的每个人”。
8．(2013·高考江苏卷)I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you.________ the
party on July 1st，I shall be pleased to attend.
A．On account of B．In response to
C．In view of D．With regard to
解析：选D。
本题中四个选项均为常见的介词短语。
on account of 因为，由于；in response to 对……作出回应；in view of考虑到，鉴于；with regard to关于，至于。
根据句意“当我收到你的电子邮件时，我总是很高兴。
关于7月1日的聚会，我将很乐意参加。
”可知，答案为with regard to。
9．(2013·高考湖北卷)An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered________a long lost antique Greek vase.
A．at random B．by chance
C．in turn D．on occasion
解析：选B。
句意：最近，一名画家坐轮渡到南岛，意外发现了一个失踪很久的古希腊花瓶。
at random“随意地”；by chance“偶然”；in turn“轮流，依次”；on occasion“有时，间或”。
这里表示坐轮渡的时候“偶然”发现了古董，因此选B项。
10．(2013·高考陕西卷)The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will________.
A．in particular B．in turn
C．in charge D．in time
解析：选D。
in particular尤其；in turn轮流；in charge负责；而in time则有“及时；迟早”的意思。
从前面的I am sure可知说话者确信经理迟早会看到公司的变化的，所以该题要用in time。
题干的意思是：“经理希望看到公司的变化，我确信他迟早会看到的。
”。