2019版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 课时提能练10 Unit 7 The Sea(B)北师大版必修3
2019版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit10Money教师用书北师大版必修.docx
Unit 10 Money
吾句玄
（对应学生用书第70页）
［单词拼写应用］
I.考纲单词一一会拼写、要识记
1. technique n.技术，技巧
2. fluently adv.流利地
3. defeat vt.战胜，击败
4. ear n vt.挣得，赚得
5. wallet /7?皮夹子，钱包
6. enjoyable adj.使人快乐的
7. hardworki ng adj.勤奋的
8. businessman n.商人，实业家
9. rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的
10. balanee n.平衡
11. remove vt.移开，挪走
12. behave vi.举止，表现
13. replace vt.代替；取代
14. dormitory n.宿舍，寝室
15. bargain n.讨价还价；便宜货
16. aggressive adj.好斗的；有进取心的
17. groceries n.食品杂货
18. approximately adv.近似地，大约地
19. photography /!?摄影，摄影术
20. automatic adj.自动的
II ?派生单词一一能辨别
1. motivate vt.使有动机，促使，激发-^motivation n.动力，诱因
motivated adj.有动机的，有积极性的。
2019版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读课时提能练14unit10()北师大版必修
Unit 10 Money(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2021·青岛检测)A group of Chinese technicians can be seen working hard among the watermelon fields in the blinding sunlight of Laos(老挝)every January.Two months later ,these watermelons will be sent to Xi'an ,the starting point of the Silk Road.Every autumn ,these socalled "migratory birds(留鸟)〞 -technicians from Kouzhai village in southwestern China's Guizhou Province -fly to Laos to plant watermelons and return to China next spring to start their own farm work.Yang Canxi ,former Kouzhai Village Party Chief who is also an agricultural technician ,said the village was lifted out of poverty through its strength in agricultural technology.He said Kouzhai village was the first to promote smallsized watermelons in the country ,and it introduced a new technology to grow watermelons from the newly generated vines after harvesting the old ones ,thus doubling the sale to 15 ,000 yuan($2 ,190)per unit area.In 1997 ,an official from Laos came to Yang for agricultural training.Twenty professionals were sent to provide watermelon planting skills services there ,he said."At that time ,much of the land in Laos was dry and bare except for that used to grow rice.The locals saw technicians plant watermelon and even gave them the nickname of Chinese watermelon princes ,〞he said.Each technician earned roughly 10 ,000 yuan in the first year ,which was increased to 40 ,000 yuan a year later."Villagers flew into my office ,asking to go abroad too ,〞he said.The business was soon expanded to Laos where Yang Guangyue ,50 ,and some friends decided to begin their own business in 2021.The local credit cooperative lent them 800 ,000 yuan to establish a 13hectare watermelon base in Laos ,which was expected to gain roughly two million yuan a year."Laotians were also hired to work in the watermelon fields and they learned planting skills from us ,〞he said.Yang Canxi said now half of the income of Kouzhai village comes from this way of working.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻|报道 .每年秋天 ,一批被称为 "留鸟〞的来自中|国贵州省口寨村的农技员都会飞往老挝种植西瓜 ,并把种植技术教给当地的老挝人 ,老挝和口寨村都从西瓜种植中获益 .1．Why do the technicians fly to Laos every year?A．Because they want to enjoy the warm sunlight of Laos.B．Because they need to transport watermelons from Laos to Xi'an.C．Because they go to Laos to plant watermelons.D．Because their own land was dry and bare.C[考查细节理解 .由第二段可知 ,农技员去老挝是为了种植西瓜 .应选C .] 2．What can be inferred from the passage?A．Both Laos and Kouzhai village benefit from planting watermelons.B．The income of the technicians doubled the next year in Laos.C．The technicians are called watermelon princes because they are handsome.D．It's hard to expand the business in Laos.A[考查推理判断 .由最|||后两段可推知 ,老挝和口寨村都从西瓜种植中获益 .应选A .]3．What's the best title of the passage?A． "Birds〞fly out to work in LaosB．Changes of Kouzhai villageC．Friendship between Kouzhai village and LaosD．Watermelon planting in Kouzhai villageA[考查标题概括 .本文主要|报道了每年贵州省口寨村的被称为 "留鸟〞的农技员都会去老挝种植西瓜 ,使村民获得丰厚利润 ,并且当地的老挝人和口寨村都从西瓜种植中获益 .所以A项概括了主旨 ,适合作标题 .应选A .]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2021·山西八校第|一次联考)Selfconfident people face their fears headon and they know that no matter what obstacles come their way ,they have the ability to get past them.Wouldn't it be amazing to have this kind of selfconfidence ?Guess what ?You can. 1Stay away from negativity.2 This is a tough one ,but it's time to seriously consider getting away from those individuals who put you down and shred your confidence.Even a temporary break from Debbie Downer can make a huge difference and help you move toward more selfconfidence.Be positive.Put some positive enthusiasm into your interactions with others and hit theground running ,excited to begin your next project. 3 Instead ,begin to focus on solutions and making positive changes.Don't accept failure.Never give up.Never accept failure and get rid of the negative voices in your head.There is a solution to everything. 4 Make this your new mantra(真言)．Succeeding in a difficult or unpleasant situation is a huge confidence booster(鼓励)．5Learn everything there is to know about your field ,job ,presentation -whatever is next on your "to conquer〞list.If you are prepared ,and have the knowledge to back it up ,your selfconfidence will rise very quickly.A．Be prepared.B．Create a great list.C．Get out of your comfort zone.D．Stop focusing on the problems in your life.E．Therefore ,why would you want to stop trying?F．Here's how you can learn to be confident of all you do.G．Evaluate your inner circle ,including friends and family.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文 .主要介绍了提高自信的一些方法 .1．F[根据空前的 "Wouldn't it be amaz ing to have this kind of selfconfidence ?Guess what ?You can.〞及下文罗列的内容可知 ,此处需填一个起承上启下的作用的句子 ,故F项 "这是你可以学会对你所做的所有事情感到自信的方法〞符合语境 .]2. G[根据小标题 "Stay away from negativity〞以及G项中的 "friends and family〞与空后句子中的 "those individuals〞的对应关系可知 ,G项符合语境 .]3．D[根据小标题 "Be positive〞．及空后的 "Instead ,begin to focus on solutions and making positive changes.〞可知 ,空处所填内容与其后面的内容之间存在转折关系 ,故D项 "不要再关注你生活中的问题〞符合语境 .]4．E[根据空前的 "Never give up.Never accept failure and get rid of the negative voices in your head.There is a solution to everything.〞可知 ,空处所填内容与上文存在因果关系 ,故E项 "因此 ,你为什么想要放弃努力呢 ?〞符合语境 .]5．A[根据最|||后一段中的内容尤其是 "If you are prepared ,and have the knowledge to back it up...〞可知 ,本段介绍的提高自信的方法是要做好准备 ,故A项符合语境 .]【导学号：33220218】Ⅲ.语法填空(2021·四川绵阳第二次诊断)There is a tradition in my school that when the College Entrance Examination is less than a month away ,students in the 1 (low)grades ,from Senior 1 to Senior 2 ,all gather together on the ground in front of the teaching building and cheer on the Senior 3 students who are standing upstairs.It wasn't until I 2 (person)took part in the activity that I understood the real 3 (mean)of it.I was in Senior 2 at the time. 4 that special night ,all the Senior 3 students stood in the corridors(走廊)and looked down at the younger students below. 5 (vary)cheers started to resound throughout the school ,wave after wave. "Believe in yourself !You deserve to win !〞6 (see)everyone's smiling faces around me ,I thought of7 famous quote from the American philosopher Henry David Thoreau：What you get by achieving your goals is not as important as what you become by achieving your goals.Soon it will be my turn to 8 (bless)in this way , 9 also means I will have to say goodbye to my school.Sad as it will be ,being cheered on by so many students will still be one of the brightest 10 (time)of my life.【语篇解读】作者讲述了自己学校为即将参加 (高|考 )的高三学生加油鼓励的独特方式：高三的学生站在楼上的走廊上 ,高一和高二的学生在楼下大声为他们加油 ,曾经为别人加油的自己如今成了被别人祝福的高三学生 ,面对毕业虽然伤感 ,但是还是很快乐有这样的时刻 .1．lower[考查形容词比拟级||| .句意：在我的学校有一个传统 ,那就是当距离 (高|考 )不到一个月时 ,高一和高二的低年级|||学生都会聚集在教学楼前的空地上 ,为站在楼上的高三学生加油 .对于高三的学生来说 ,高一和高二的学生就是较低年级|||的学生 ,所以要用比拟级||| ,故填lower .]2．personally[考查词性转换 .句意：直到我亲自参加这项活动时 ,我才明白它的真正意义 .设空处修饰动词短语took part in ,应用副词 ,故填personally .]3．meaning[考查词性转换 .句意见上一题解析 .设空处作understood的宾语 ,应用名词形式 ,故填meaning .]4．On[考查介词 .句意：在那个特殊的晚上 ,所有的高三学生站在走廊上 ,看下面更年轻的学生 .在具体的某一天晚上要用介词on ,句首|||单词注意字母大小写 ,故填On .] 5．Various[考查词性转换 .此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词cheers ,故填various ,意为 "各种各样的〞 .]6．Seeing[考查非谓语动词 .句意：看到我周围每个人的笑脸 ,我想到了引自美|国哲学家亨利·戴维·梭罗的一句名言：你在实现目标后成为什么 ,比你得到什么更重要 .分析句子结构可知 ,此处应用非谓语动词 ,动词see 和其逻辑主语I 之间是主动关系 ,所以要用现在分词作状语 ,故填Seeing .]7．a [考查冠词 .句意见上一题解析 .quote 是可数名词 ,意为 "引语；引文〞 ,而且此处表示泛指概念 ,故填不定冠词a .]8．be blessed [考查动词的语态 .句意：很快就轮到我收到这种方式的祝福 , ,意为 "轮到某人去做某事〞 ,根据句意可知 ,此句中 "我〞和bless 之间是被动关系 ,应用被动语态 ,故填be blessed .]9．which [考查非限制性定语从句 .句意见上一题解析 .两个句子中没有连词 ,该空指代前面一句话的内容 ,而且在从句中作主语 ,所以要用which 引导该非限制性定语从句 ,故填which .]10．times [考查名词单复数 . "one of ＋ the ＋形容词最|||高级|||＋可数名词复数〞意为 "最|||……的……之一〞 .故填times .]Ⅳ.短文改错(2021·广州检测二)Dear Chris ,Are you interested in coming with me to see a famous opera ?It will performed at the Guangzhou Opera House at 2 pm in May Day.I know you took great interest in Chinese culture ,especially local opera.I think the perform will not only leave you with an unforgettably impression ,but satisfy your interest in Chinese Opera as well.If you can come ,I suggest us should visit the Guangdong Museum near the Opera House before and after the opera.You decide.The museum is hosting a exhibition on Cantonese opera.If we go ,I believe you can learn many about Chinese opera in there.Yours ,Li Hua【答案】Dear Chris ,Are you interested in coming with me to see a famous opera ?It will ∧beperformedat the Guangzhou Opera House at 2 pm in on May Day.I know you took takegreat interest in Chinese culture ,especially local opera.I think the perform performancewill not only leave you with an unforgettably unforgettableimpression ,but satisfy your interest in Chinese Operaas well.If you can come ,I suggest us weshould visit the Guangdong Museum near the Opera House before and or after the opera.You decide.The museum is hosting a anexhibition on Cantonese opera.If we go ,I believe you can learn many muchabout Chinese opera ﹨i nthere.Yours ,Li Hua第|一处：will 后加be 考查动词的语态 .分析句子结构可知 ,本句主语 "It 〞指代上文中的 "a famous opera 〞 ,而 "a famous opera 〞与动词perform 之间是被动关系 .故在will 之后加be .第二处：in→on 考查介词 .在具体的某一天用介词on ,此处是指在五一节 .故in 改为on . 第三处：took→take 考查动词的时态 .联系全文可知 ,本文所使用的是一般现在时 ,且此处陈述的是客观事实 .故took 改为take .第四处：perform→performance 考查名词 .分析句子结构可知 ,此处 "I think 〞之后是省略了引导宾语从句的that ,在宾语从句中不能用动词作主语 ,应用perform 的名词形式 .故perform 改为performance .第五处：unforgettably→unforgettable 考查形容词 .此处应用形容词修饰名词"impression 〞 .故unforgettably 改为unforgettable .第六处：us→we 考查代词 .us 是宾格 ,作宾语；we 是主格 ,作主语 .分析句子结构可知 ,"...should visit...the opera 〞为省略that 的宾语从句 ,宾语从句的主语是 "我们〞 ,所以要用主格的形式 .故us 改为we .第七处：and→or 考查连词 .and 表示并列或者承接；or 表示选择 .根据语境可知 ,此处指 "我〞建议 "我们〞应该在歌剧开始之前或者结束之后去参观一下广州博物馆 .故and 改为or .第八处：a→an 考查冠词 .a 用于读音以辅音音素开头的单词前；an 用于读音以元音音素开头的单词前 . "exhibition 〞的读音以元音音素开头 .故a 改为an .第九处：many→much 考查名词 .结合语境可知 ,此处指学到很多东西 ,表达的是抽象概念 ,所以用much 表达不可数的 "许多〞 .故many 改为much .第十处：删去in 考查介词 .这里的 "there 〞本身就是副词 ,可以直接作地点状语 ,不需要在前面加介词 .故去掉in .【导学号：33220219】。
2019人教版高三英语一轮复习练习必修一 Unit 1含答案
必修一Unit 1[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516003)1．There is no sense upsetting(upset) yourself about it now.Look forward and everything will be all right.2．In addition，using mobile phones will add to their parents' economic burdens.3．He asked several questions concerning(concern) the future of the company.4. —How did you pass the challenging test?—It was a long time before I found a series of suitable methods.5．Human beings and animals should get along/on well with each other.6．While travelling(travel) in Europe，he found many interesting things and experienced different cultures.7．Since you have questions，why not turn to him for some tips(tip)?8．The old man went through many difficulties and suffered(suffer) a lot from them.9．Dave went through his pockets looking for the keys.10．With a lot of difficult problems to settle(settle)，the newly-elected president is having a hard time.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516004)1．I failed again，but my parents encouraged me and told me that failure was the mother of success.was→is2．It was not until she got home when Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.when→that 3．It was raining cats and dogs，thus added to their difficulty in transporting the supplies to the earthquake-stricken areas.added→adding4．I was very grateful to Anna for giving me the opportunity to join in the club.去掉in 5．I wanted to have a word with her，but she ignores me and went away.ignores→ignored Ⅲ.佳句写作(导学号02516005)1．那是他第一次离开父母。
2019版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 课时提能练13 Unit 10 Money(A)北师大版必修4
Unit 10 Money(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·安徽合肥高三第二次教学质量检测)Susan Brownell Anthony was a lady ahead of her time.She fought for women's rights long before they became a popular issue.Susan was born on February 15，1820，in Adams，Massachusetts.At that time，women had few rights.They could not own property.Money earned by a married woman belonged to her husband.Major decisions regarding children were made by the fathers.Women could not vote.At the age of 15，Susan became a schoolteacher.She taught for 15 years.Then she began organizing women's groups to promote causes that were important to women.She helped gain better educational rights for women.She helped give married women possession of their earnings.After the Civil War，Susan became very involved in the women's suffrage movement.After years of lecturing，writing，and appealing by Susan and other women，some parts of the United States changed their laws to give women the right to vote.The first state was Wyoming in 1869.Other areas and states gradually followed Wyoming's decision．It was not until 1920 that the U．S.Constitution was changed to give all women voting rights.Susan Brownell Anthony died in 1906 at the age of 86.She was elected to the Hall of Fame for Great Americans in 1950.She was the first American woman to have a likeness(肖像)of her face on a coin.It was the 1979 Susan Brownell Anthony dollar. 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了美国历史上著名的女权运动领袖Susan Brownell Anthony。
2019版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 1 Lifestyles教师用书 北师大版必修1
Unit 1 Lifestyles(对应学生用书第5页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．matter vi. 要紧，有重大关系2．suppose vt. 认为，猜想3．switch vt. 转换，转变4．remote adj. 遥远的5．stand vt. 忍耐，忍受6．design n．& vt.设计7．nearby adj. 附近的adv. 在附近8．otherwise adv. 否则；另外9．portable adj. 轻便的，手提(式)的10．document n. 公文，文件11．presentation n. 表演；展示12．forecast n. 预报；预测13．questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．peace n. 和平→peaceful adj. 平静的；和平的→peacefully adv. 和平地；平静地2．relax vt.& vi.放松→relaxed adj. 松懈的，放松的→relaxing adj. 令人轻松的，放松的3．stress n. 压力→stressful adj. 充满压力的，紧张的4．urge vt. 催促；极力主张→urgent adj. 急迫的，紧急的→urgency n. 紧急；催促5．bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的→boring adj. 令人厌烦的；无聊的6．suffer vi. 遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛→suffering n. 痛苦，苦难→sufferer n. 受苦者，受难者；患者7．social adj. 社交的；社会的→society n. 社会→socialism n. 社会主义8．reduce vt. 减少；降低→reduction n. 减少9．organ n. 器官；机构→organise vt. 组织→organiser n. 组织者→organisation n. 组织10．prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿→preference n. 喜好；偏爱11．volunteer n. 志愿者vt.& vi.自愿去做→voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的12．graduate vi. 毕业→graduation n. 毕业13．challenge n. 挑战vt. 向……挑战→challenging adj. 有挑战性的14．support vt.& n. 支持；支撑→supporter n. 支持者；拥护者15．advertise v. 做广告→advertiser n. 登广告的人；广告商→advertisement n. 广告16．formal adj. 正式的，合礼仪的→informal adj. 非正式的17．distant adj. 遥远的→distance n. 距离Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations (organize)．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)2．Many Chinese brands，having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges(challenge) from the modern market.(2017·江苏高考)3．A satisfied customer is the best advertisement(advertise) that we hope to have. 4．The president invited him into his private study for an informal(formal) chat. 5．Not only will I earn much money but I will also gain some social(society) experience through it.6．Soon I found children got bored(bore) with staying indoors.7．Generally speaking，we feel relaxed while listening to some relaxing music.(relax) 8．The peaceful people hoped that the dispute was to be solved peacefully and a peace agreement could be signed as soon as possible.(peace)9．I don't want to work under stress and I am eager for a job that isn't stressful．(stress)10．Nowadays with the development of society，many volunteers volunteer to do voluntary work without any pay.(volunteer)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写1．go off (铃、爆竹等)响2．take up 占据；开始从事；拿起3．be filled with 充满着4．suffer from 忍受，遭受5．at the moment 此刻，目前6．over the years 数年间7．make sure 弄清，查明8．as a result 结果9．get changed 换衣服，更衣10．take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事11．play a role/part in 在……中起作用12．come up with 追上，赶上；想出，找到13．look forward to 盼望，期望14．as well as 除……之外还；和15．make a difference 有影响；起作用Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．Though the movie is 30 years old，most of the 250 seats were filled with teary eyed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) 2．In Houston Rockets, my super stars who perform extremely well are Zhou Qi as well as James Harden.3．While most people were still asleep，the alarm went off．4．The economists are trying to come up with a solution to the global financial crisis. 5．On Singles Day of 2017, the value of sales through Taobao reached up to 120.7 billion yuan, of which sales on education took up about 0.3%.6．—Why didn't you buy the car?—I didn't have enough money at the moment．7．Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jams.8．He drank too much last night.As a result，he overslept this morning. 9．Small changes in your daily life will play a part/role in leading a lowcarbon life.10．It is often the little details that make a difference．[拓展联想](对应学生用书第7页)精讲7个考纲单词matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系 n．问题；毛病[高考佳句] If someone knocks and it's not an important matter，excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)如果有人敲门却又没有什么重要的事儿，找个借口并让这个人知道你很忙。
2019版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 课时提能练2 Unit 1 Lifestyles(B)北师大版必修1.doc
2019版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读课时提能练2 Unit 1 Lifestyles（B）北师大版必修1Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性考试) When I was in college, I spent a semester studying abroad at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, Scotland.In my brief time there, I came to love Scotland for its local culture, food and scenery.You might think，“Scotland isn't so different from the US; they still speak English there！” But when I stepped off the plane, I was greeted by a gruffvoiced (声音粗哑的)lady at customs.“You'll be coming from America, then？”She asked me, and I nodded.“But all of our guys are leaving Glasgow for the States！” Her thick Scottish English and sense of humor were obvious right away.I was not in the US any more, where customs agents never joke around.As I settled in at the university, I could feel myself getting used to hearing —and even speaking—the Scottish English of my customs agent.In classroom discussions, people would say “em” when they couldn't think of what to say instead of “um”， which was great fun.After the first few weeks, I stopped chuckling about this.Strathclyde students stayed up late into the night, running around campus and shouting, “Go! Let's go, let's go, let's go (curse word) Glasgow！” Pretty soon, I was no longer saying “thanks” at the supermarket—instead, I said “cheers”．My Scottish friends drank whiskey and ate haggis(羊杂碎布丁)．I drank plenty of whiskey but I was ashamed to admit that I wasn't brave enough to try haggis.Scottish bakeries usually sell bridies (肉馅饼)．Add a cup of tea—though I usually Americanized it by choosing coffee instead—and a bridie makes for a delicious breakfast.Every time I took a train anywhere in Scotland, I'd gaze out at the rolling hills and wonder if grass was greener than anywhere else in the world.Then I'd reflect that there's a reason this country was the birthplace of golf.【语篇解读】本文介绍了“我”在苏格兰学习期间的体验：居民友好，食物独特，景色优美，苏格兰英语与美式英语有区别。
2019版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 Unit 1 Lifestyles教师用书 必修1
Unit 1 Lifestyles(对应学生用书第5页)[单词拼写应用]Ⅰ.考纲单词——会拼写、要识记1．matter vi. 要紧，有重大关系2．suppose vt. 认为，猜想3．switch vt. 转换，转变4．remote adj. 遥远的5．stand vt. 忍耐，忍受6．design n．& vt.设计7．nearby adj. 附近的adv. 在附近8．otherwise adv. 否则；另外9．portable adj. 轻便的，手提(式)的10．document n. 公文，文件11．presentation n. 表演；展示12．forecast n. 预报；预测13．questionnaire n. 问卷；调查表Ⅱ.派生单词——能辨别1．peace n. 和平→peaceful adj. 平静的；和平的→peacefully adv. 和平地；平静地2．relax vt.& vi.放松→relaxed adj. 松懈的，放松的→relaxing adj. 令人轻松的，放松的3．stress n. 压力→stressful adj. 充满压力的，紧张的4．urge vt. 催促；极力主张→urgent adj. 急迫的，紧急的→urgency n. 紧急；催促5．bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的→boring adj. 令人厌烦的；无聊的6．suffer vi. 遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛→suffering n. 痛苦，苦难→sufferer n. 受苦者，受难者；患者7．social adj. 社交的；社会的→society n. 社会→socialism n. 社会主义8．reduce vt. 减少；降低→reduction n. 减少9．organ n. 器官；机构→organise vt. 组织→organiser n. 组织者→organisation n. 组织10．prefer vt. 更喜欢；宁愿→preference n. 喜好；偏爱11．volunteer n. 志愿者vt.& vi.自愿去做→voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的12．graduate vi. 毕业→graduation n. 毕业13．challenge n. 挑战vt. 向……挑战→challenging adj. 有挑战性的14．support vt.& n. 支持；支撑→supporter n. 支持者；拥护者15．advertise v. 做广告→advertiser n. 登广告的人；广告商→advertisement n. 广告16．formal adj. 正式的，合礼仪的→informal adj. 非正式的17．distant adj. 遥远的→distance n. 距离Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)1．It's an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals，corporations，and other social organizations (organize)．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)2．Many Chinese brands，having developed their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges(challenge) from the modern market.(2017·江苏高考)3．A satisfied customer is the best advertisement(advertise) that we hope to have. 4．The president invited him into his private study for an informal(formal) chat. 5．Not only will I earn much money but I will also gain some social(society) experience through it.6．Soon I found children got bored(bore) with staying indoors.7．Generally speaking，we feel relaxed while listening to some relaxing music.(relax) 8．The peaceful people hoped that the dispute was to be solved peacefully and a peace agreement could be signed as soon as possible.(peace)9．I don't want to work under stress and I am eager for a job that isn't stressful．(stress)10．Nowadays with the development of society，many volunteers volunteer to do voluntary work without any pay.(volunteer)[拓展联想]Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写1．go off (铃、爆竹等)响2．take up 占据；开始从事；拿起3．be filled with 充满着4．suffer from 忍受，遭受5．at the moment 此刻，目前6．over the years 数年间7．make sure 弄清，查明8．as a result 结果9．get changed 换衣服，更衣10．take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事11．play a role/part in 在……中起作用12．come up with 追上，赶上；想出，找到13．look forward to 盼望，期望14．as well as 除……之外还；和15．make a difference 有影响；起作用Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)1．Though the movie is 30 years old，most of the 250 seats were filled with teary eyed audience wanting to say goodbye to the old building.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) 2．In Houston Rockets, my super stars who perform extremely well are Zhou Qi as well as James Harden.3．While most people were still asleep，the alarm went off．4．The economists are trying to come up with a solution to the global financial crisis. 5．On Singles Day of 2017, the value of sales through Taobao reached up to 120.7 billion yuan, of which sales on education took up about 0.3%.6．—Why didn't you buy the car?—I didn't have enough money at the moment．7．Most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic jams.8．He drank too much last night.As a result，he overslept this morning. 9．Small changes in your daily life will play a part/role in leading a lowcarbon life.10．It is often the little details that make a difference．[拓展联想](对应学生用书第7页)精讲7个考纲单词matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系 n．问题；毛病[高考佳句] If someone knocks and it's not an important matter，excuse yourself and let the person know you're busy.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)如果有人敲门却又没有什么重要的事儿，找个借口并让这个人知道你很忙。
2019版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读课时提能练3123()北师大版选修
Unit 23 Conflict(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2021·山东局部重点中学第|一次调研)Music icon Bob Dylan will not attend the Nobel ceremony in December because he has other commitments ,the Swedish Academy said on Wednesday."The Swedish Academy received a personal letter from Bob Dylan yesterday where he explained that he could not make himself available in December....〞 it said in a statement."He wishes that he could accept the award personally ,but other commitments make it unfortunately impossible.He underlined that he felt incredibly honored by the Nobel Prize ,〞it added.The Swedish Academy said it respected Dylan's decision ,but that it was "unusual〞for a Nobel laureate not to come to Stockholm to accept the award in person.Nobel laureates are honored every year on December 10 -the death anniversary of the prize's founder Alfred Nobel ,a Swedish industrialist ,inventor and philanthropist.Several other literature prize winners have skipped the Nobel ceremony in the past for various reasons -British writer Doris Lessing on grounds of ill health ,British playwright Harold Pinter because he was hospitalized and Austrian playwright and novelist Elfriede Jelinek due to social phobia."We look forward to Bob Dylan's Nobel lecture ,which he must carry out -it is the only requirement -within six months starting from December 10 ,2021 ,〞the academy said.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了2021年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者Bob Dylan缺席颁奖仪式的故事 .1．What does the underlined word "it〞 in Paragraph 3 refer to?A．Receiving a personal letterB．Expressing himself in a statementC．Feeling honored by the awardD．Accepting the award personallyD[考查代词指代 .根据第三段的 "He wishes that he could accept the award personally〞可推知 ,此处的it代指的是亲自去领奖 .]2．What is the Swedish Academy's attitude towards Bob Dylan's decision?A．Supportive. B．Opposite.C．Indifferent. D．Tolerant.D[考查观点态度 .根据第三段的 "The Swedish Academy said it respected Dylan's decision ,but that it was‘unusual ,for a Nobel laureate not to come to Stockholm to accept the award in person〞可知 ,瑞典文学院对Dylan的缺席表示尊重 .] 3．What is the best title of the passage?A．The Nobel Prize Goes to Music Icon Bob DylanB．Laureate Bob Dylan Will Be Absent for the Nobel CeremonyC．Bob Dylan -a Music Icon Who Won the NobelPrizeD．A Great Anniversary Event -the NobelCeremonyB[考查标题判断 .根据第|一段 "Music icon Bob Dylan will not attend the Nobel ceremony in December because he has other commitments ,the Swedish Academy said on Wednesday〞可推知 ,本文是一篇新闻|报道 ,主要介绍了2021年诺贝尔文学奖获得者Bob Dylan缺席颁奖仪式的事件 .]4．According to the passage ,which of the following is true?A．Bob Dylan informed the Swedish Academy of his absence by telephone.B．The Nobel ceremony is in memory of the birth of the prize's founder.C．Elfriede skipped the Nobel ceremony because of physical illness.D．According to the Swedish Academy ,the deadline of Dylan's lecture is June 10 ,2021.D[考查细节理解 .根据最|||后一段"‘We look forward to Bob Dylan's Nobel lecture ,which he must carry out -it is the only requirement -within six months starting from December 10 ,2021 , ,the academy said〞可知 ,Bob Dylan 演讲的最|||后期限是2021年6月10号 .]B【导学号：33220215】(2021·湖南十三校第|一次联考)ShowroomingOne of the biggest challenges facing brickandmortar retailers(实体零售店) inrecent years has been the "showrooming〞．Driven by the desire to get the best prices ,many shoppers are now visiting brickandmortar stores to personally check on products that interest them ,only to leave and then buy the items online.The new trend is forcing retailers to find out new ways to keep consumers from leaving their store for cheaper prices online.Recent research found that 40 percent of U．S.shoppers have showroomed previously ,with big box retailers suffering the most.Specifically ,the study shows that Best Buy ,Walmart and Target ar e the most likely brickandmortar stores to have shoppers test out a product instore and then purchase it online later ,while Amazon is benefiting most from the practice ,with nearly 60 percent of shoppers using the online retail giant(巨人) most often to make their showrooming purchases.Smartphones have pushed showrooming into the front.Shoppers no longer have to wait until they get home to see if they can find a cheaper price for the products they're considering buying.With smartphones ,consumers can now compare virtual prices ,at both other brickandmortar stores and online ones while still inside a retail store.If they can find what they're seeking for less expensive online ,the majority will be seeking the first exit．A recent study showed that 45 percent of customers shopping at brickandmortar stores walk out and buy their purchases online for a discount of as little as 2.5 percent.This puts pressure on retailers to provide both an instore experience worth staying for and an online presence that can attract shoppers who are showrooming in other businesses.To cut down on showrooming ,many retailers are adopting new methods to keep shoppers in their stores.Among the steps they're taking are pricematching guarantees that allow shoppers to pay a discounted price if they find it cheaper online.This ensures that even a showrooming shopper can make the purchase in the store -regardless of whether they find the cheaper price online.Another popular method to fight against showrooming is to give shoppers the ability to buy something online and pick it up at the store.This reduces shopping costs and gets customers in the store ,where they may be encouraged to make an additional purchase.It is also important for businesses to take into consideration what makesshoppers purchase something instore rather than online,and meet those needs.Research has found that more than 8 in 10 Americans consider being able to take the goods home immediately and the ability to touch and feel them -the most important aspects when deciding to purchase in a store rather than online.【语篇解读】近年来 ,实体店面临的最|||大挑战就是消费者在实体店体验产品之后 ,却在网上购置产品 .针对此现象 ,许多零售商开始实施新的策略 ,以把顾客留在实体店 . 5．According to the passage ,a showrooming shopper tends to ．A．pay for everything onlineB．purchase online for a lower priceC．rush to buy things in a storeD．have better bargaining skillsB[考查细节理解 .根据第|一段第二句Driven by the desire to get the best prices ,many shoppers are now visiting brickandmortar stores to personally check on products that interest them ,only to leave and then buy the items online.可知 ,这个群体的消费者一般都是先从实体店里看过或试过想购置的商品 ,然后再在网络上搜索这些商品并购置 .应选B项 .]6．What contributes to the growing popularity of showrooming?A．The advertisements by online retail giants.B．The competition between big stores.C．The wide use of smartphones.D．The decline of the brickandmortar stores.C ,正是智能推动了这种现象 .应选C项 .]7．The underlined words "seeking the first exit〞in Paragraph 3 probably mean "〞．A．searching for lower pricesB．making a purchase on the spotC．locating the first exit quicklyD．leaving as soon as possibleD[考查词义猜想 .根据对画线局部所在句子前后句的理解可知 ,消费者通过网络搜寻到这种货物在网络中的售价比实体店的售价廉价后 ,他们会立刻离开实体店 ,然后在网店下单购置 .应选D项 .]8．The last three paragraphs mainly talk about ways of ．A．increasing sales at storesB．preventing purchase onlineC．satisfying customers' needsD．advising shoppers to buy moreA[考查推理判断 .分析文章的后三段 ,从每一段的首|||句都可以看出 ,这三段都是在讲述让实体店挽回忆客增加盈利的一些方法与措施 .应选A项 .]Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·河北衡水中学大联考)That was my first ballet performance and I was the lead role.A huge black curtain 1 me from the crowd.My heart raced so rapidly that it would 2 out of my chest.A rush of 3 shot through my body when the music began and I took my 4 at the center of the stage.I pushed off the floor as hard as I could and 5 into the air.Then I started to come 6 for my landing ,preparing to jump again ,and yet my foot 7 ．I fell ,facefirst.For a moment I couldn't 8 ,wondering if I should go on. 9 ,trained for thousands of hours for twelve years ,my muscles ignored the 10 of my mind and I 11 myself back on my feet.I finished the part and left the stage.Bending over a table ,I tried to 12 tears.I didn't want to go back to finish the last twenty minutes.I didn't 13 the lead role.Then came my teacher. "The 14 thing on stage is to fall.You've gotten it ,so what's left to 15 ?Just go and give it all.〞Her words 16 me.Minutes later ,I went back onstage and completely let go of 17 ．I just danced ,letting the music guide me through the movement.Now ,as a Principal Dancer ,I often think about that performance.We fall when we try our hardest.There is no 18 ,only pride.Falling is 19 and sometimesit is easier just to stay on the 20 ．But if we never get up ,we will never experience what it is like to fly.【语篇解读】作者通过讲述自己第|一次芭蕾舞演出的经历告诉我们 ,当我们尽了最|||大的努力 ,即使跌倒了 ,也不是耻辱 ,而是骄傲 .如果我们跌倒了再也爬不起来 ,我们就永远不会体验到飞翔的感觉 .1．A.covered B．hidC．protected D．droveB[演出还没有开始 ,巨大的幕布把作者藏在后面 ,与观众隔开 .cover意为 "覆盖〞；hide意为 "隐藏〞；protect意为 "保护〞；drive意为 "驱赶；驾驶〞 .应选B项 .]2．A.beat B．dropC．run D．shoutA[此处描写作者紧张冲动的心情：作者的心跳得很快 ,几乎要跳出胸膛 .选项中只有beat有表示心脏跳动的含义 .应选A项 .]3．A.amazement B．excitementC．sadness D．satisfactionB[由上句可知,作者非常冲动、紧张,所以音乐响起时内心应该是冲动的 .amazement意为 "惊异〞；excitement意为 "兴奋；冲动〞；sadness意为 "悲伤〞；satisfaction意为 "满意〞 .B项符合语境 .]4．A.time B．turnC．place D．orderC[根据常识可知 ,作者是领舞 ,所以音乐响起后会站到舞台(中|央 ) .take one's time意为 "不慌不忙〞；take one's turn意为 "轮到某人〞；take one's place意为"某人就位〞；take one's order意为 "为某人点餐〞 .应选C项 .]5．A.flew B．spunC．rose D．lookedA[根据空前的pushed off the floor可知 ,这是作者在努力蹬离地面跃到空中 .fly 意为 "飞翔〞 ,表现芭蕾舞的腾空动作 ,符合语境 ,应选A项 .spin意为 "旋转〞；rise意为 "升起〞；look意为 "看〞 .]6．A.out B．inC．down D．offC[上文提到跃到空中 ,再根据空后的preparing to jump again可知 ,此处是准备落地 .应选C项 .]7．A.slipped B．stoppedC．stepped D．advancedA[根据后面的I fell ,facefirst.可推测 ,此处指作者摔倒了 ,可能的原因是脚下打滑了 .slip意为 "打滑〞；stop意为 "停止〞；step意为 "踏步〞；advance意为"前进〞 .应选A项 .]8．A.think B．cryC．move D．believeC[根据空后的wondering if I should go on可知 ,作者当时不知道是否应该继续表演 ,由此可以推测 ,作者当时摔倒后不能动弹(move) .应选C项 .]9．A.Therefore B．HoweverC．Otherwise D．InsteadB[根据上文可知 ,作者不知道自己是否应该继续表演 ,然而十二年无数小时的训练使作者的肌肉本能地忽略了内心的犹豫 ,作者发现自己又站了起来 .上下文之间是转折关系 ,应选B项 .]10．A.loss B．painC．relief D．hesitationD[根据上文中的wondering if I should go on以及空格后的mind可知 ,作者当时在犹豫 .loss意为 "损失〞；pain意为 "疼痛〞；relief意为 "宽慰〞；hesitation 意为 "犹豫〞 .应选D项 .]11．A.found B．draggedC．accustomed D．allowedA[解析见第49题 .find意为 "发现〞；drag意为 "拖动〞；accustom意为 "使习惯〞；allow意为 "允许〞 .应选A项 .]12．A.dry up B．wipe outC．burst into D．fight backD[表演告一段落之后 ,作者回到了后台 ,伏在一张桌子上努力抑制住泪水 .根据空前的tried to以及当时的舞台表演场合可知 ,作者应该是强忍泪水 .dry up意为 "使干涸〞；wipe out意为 "彻底消灭；抹去〞；burst into意为 "突然……起来〞；fight back意为 "抗争；克制；忍住〞 .应选D项 .]13．A.play B．deserveC．get D．finishB[作者在舞台上摔倒 ,觉得自己没资格当领舞 .play意为 "玩耍；参加；演奏〞；deserve意为 "应得；应受〞；get意为 "获得〞；finish意为 "完成〞 .应选B项 .] 14．A.unexpected B．awkwardC．common D．worstD[此处是老师的鼓励：舞台上最|||糟糕的事就是摔倒 ,你已经摔倒了 ,还有什么可失去的 ?unexpected意为 "出乎意料的〞；awkward意为 "为难的〞；common意为 "常见的〞；worst意为 "最|||坏的〞 .应选D项 .]15．A.go B．doC．lose D．sayC[没有什么比舞台上摔倒更糟糕的事了 ,所以不用害怕再失去(lose)什么 .应选C 项 .]16．A.awoke B．enrichedC．excited D．surprisedA[根据下文Minutes later ,I went back onstage and completely let go of...可知 ,作者又回到舞台继续表演 ,因此 ,此处指老师的话点醒了作者 .awake意为 "唤醒〞；enrich意为 "使丰富；充实〞；excite意为 "使兴奋；使冲动〞；surprise意为 "使惊讶〞 .应选A项 .]17．A.the music B．myselfC．the teacher D．othersB[根据下文I just danced ,letting the music guide me through the movement.可知 ,作者随着音乐尽情舞蹈 ,释放自己 .应选B项 .]18．A.excuse B．fearC．benefit D．shameD[结合上文作者认为自己摔倒是一种耻辱 ,而本句和下文那么认为摔倒是一种骄傲 .excuse意为 "借口〞；fear意为 "害怕〞；benefit意为 "好处〞；shame意为 "羞耻〞 .应选D项 .]19．A.shocking B．interestingC．rare D．terribleD[根据上文作者摔倒后的想法可知 ,此处应为摔倒很糟糕 .shocking意为 "惊人的〞；interesting意为 "有趣的〞；rare意为 "稀有的〞；terrible意为 "糟糕的〞 .应选D项 .]20．A.spot B．roadC．ground D．stageC[根据下文的get up和fly可知 ,此处是说摔倒后待在地上不再站起来更简单 .spot 意为 "地点〞；road意为 "道路〞；ground意为 "地面〞；stage意为 "舞台〞 .应选C项 .]【导学号：33220216】。
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Unit 7 The Sea(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2017·辽宁省部分重点高中第三次联考)Those who claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the body to make lots of insulin (胰岛素), and insulin causes fat growth.How much insulin we produce is related to how fast food becomes sugar in our bloodstream.How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数), or GI rating tells us.Foods with GI scores above 75 are considered highGI foods, leading to faster sugar development.Bananas have a GI of 62, which is considered low.Weight loss can be a struggle for anyone, but it is especially hard for diabetics (糖尿病患者)．A study looked at how the starch from unripe bananas affected the weight of a group of obese diabetics.After four weeks of a diet high in bananas, diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet.They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet.What's more, bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers (Bananas are the most powerful fruit for lowering the risk of kidney cancer.)．Bananas are also a rich source of fiber, which has been shown to help weight loss.Bananas that still have some green on the skin are even higher in fiber.Skins from green bananas can be taken and, after removing the stem and dark tip, cut into small pieces 2—3 inches long and 1/2 inch wide.These pieces can be made into a tea or added to a dish.When you eat the skins, be sure you are eating organic bananas.The flesh of regular bananas is low in pesticides, but the skins are not. 【语篇解读】本文反驳了“吃香蕉会使人发胖”这一错误观点，告诉大家香蕉不会使身体分泌很多胰岛素而导致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉对身体健康有着诸多好处。
1．What conclusion can we draw from Paragraphs 1 & 2?A．Bananas are likely to make people fat.B．Insulin determines the amount of sugar.C．LowGI foods can turn into sugar more slowly.D．The faster the food becomes sugar, the less insulin.C[考查推理判断。
根据第二段中“How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指数)...faster sugar development.”可知，血糖指数高的食物往往能更快地转化成糖分，反之，血糖指数低的食物转化成糖分的速度较慢。
故选C。
]2．What does the author say about bananas?A．Including bananas in diets is good for health.B．Bananas can cure people suffering kidney cancer.C．Eating organic bananas protect people from strokes.D．Bananas' abundant fiber improves insulin sensitivity.A[考查推理判断。
根据文章第三段中的“diabetic s lost significantly more weight than on a control diet.They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet”及第四段的“bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers...weight loss”可知，香蕉可以帮助人们减肥，也能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，由此可得出这样的结论：将香蕉列入日常饮食对人们的健康有益，故选A。
]3．What is discussed in the last paragraph?A．The use of banana skins.B．The benefits of banana skins.C．The importance of banana skins.D．The ways of choosing organic bananas.A[考查主旨大义。
根据最后一段的内容尤其是“...can be made into a tea o r added to a dish”可知，本段主要讲的是香蕉皮的用途。
故选A。
]4．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage?A．Education. B．Health.C．Culture. D．Science.B[考查推理判断。
纵观全文可知，香蕉不仅有助于减肥，还能降低人们患中风、糖尿病及癌症的风险，而且香蕉皮也有用处。
由此可知，本文最有可能出现在报纸的健康专栏。
故选B。
]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2017·陕西西北九校二模)Wh en we are grownups, it's quite natural to look back on our different stages of life and remember who was there to see us through. 1 While some people's high school friendships gradually end, mine have stuck with me through every bit of life since.And I suppose high school friends are the friends you'll build the strongest relationships with.2 Whether it is the bad haircut or the braces(牙箍) you wear, your high school friends help you through it all.They tell you that you look wonderful when you cannot go out in public with that hairdo. 3They understand the most about you.High school friends know you better than anyone else.They can just look at you and know how you're feeling.You cannot hide much from them. 4 And they'd rather help deal with the problem at hand than let it go.So even when you don't want to hear it, prepare yourself—because they're not going to stop trying until you're back to your normal self.They make for the best reunion.Reunions are harder to organize when friends live across the country.However, with high school friends, it's easy to enjoy the time together—you can often pick up just where you left off, no matter how long ago that was.Friendships can be hard to keep. 5A．We could depend on our friends all the time.B．They are with you through your embarrassing stages.C．They can sense something is off when you're the slightest bit strange.D．For me, I often think about my fantastic group of high school friends.E．They build up your selfconfidence to get you through each tough situation.F．Let's pray the flower of friendship would always bloom brightly in our hearts.G．But it never seems like hard work with the ones you've known and loved for long.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。