大学英语四级答案

一、阅读理解（共4 道试题，共40 分。

）V 1. We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把……按能力分班）pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.1). In the passage the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is _______.A. criticalB. questioningC. approvingD. objective2). By “held back” (Line 1) the author means “______”A. made to remain in the same classesB. forced to study I the lower classesC. drawn to their studiesD. prevented from advancing3). The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of the student’s ______.A. personal qualities and social skillsB. total personalityC. learning ability and communicative skillsD. intellectual ability4). Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?A. Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with other.B. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.C. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.D. Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.5). The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.A. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same classB. recommend pair work and group work for classroom activitiesC. offer advice on the proper use of the libraryD. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching2. For any Englishman, there can never be any discussion as to who is the world’s greatest dramatist (剧作家). Only one name can possibly suggest itself to him: that of William Shakespeare. Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer. All of us use words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare’s writings that have become part of the common property of the English-speaking people. Most of the time we are probably unaware of the source of the words we used, rather like the old lady who was taken to see a performance of Hamlet and complained that it was full of well-known proverbs and quotations.Shakespeare, more perhaps than any other writer, makes full use of the great resources of the English language. Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal use of English; Shakespeare in his works used about twenty-five thousand.There is probably no better way for a foreigner to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare used it. Such a study is well worth the effort (it is not, of course, recommended to beginners) even though some aspects of English usage, and the meaning of many words, have changed since Shakespeare’s day.1). English people _______.A. have never discussed who is the world’s greatest dramatistB. never discuss any iss ue concerning the world’s greatest dramatistC. are sure who is the world’s greatest dramatistD. do not care who is the world’s greatest poet and dramatist2). Every Englishman knows _______.A. more or less about ShakespeareB. Shakespeare, but only slightlyC. all Shakespeare’s writingsD. only the name of the greatest English writer3). Which of the following is true?A. We use all the words, phrases and quotations from Shakespeare’s writings.B. Shakespeare’s writings have become the property of those who are learning to speak English.C. It is likely to be true that people often do not know the origins of the words they useD. All the words people use are taken from the writings of Shakespeare.4). What does the word “proverb” mean?A. Familiar sayings.B. Shakespeare’s plays.C. Complaints.D. Actors and actresses.5). Why is it worthwhile to study the various ways in which Shakespeare used English?A. English words have changed a lot since Shakespeare’s time.B. By doing so one can be fully aware of the richness of the English language.C. English words are now being used in the same way as in Shakespeare’s time.D. Beginners may have difficulty learning some aspects of English usage.3. A dream is one kind of experience. It seems as real as something that actually happens; in it the dreamer takes actions and reacts. During dreams the body is asleep but the thinking part of the brain is wide awake. In fact, it is more active than it sometimes is when the body is awake.One group of researchers decided to see what would happen if they stopped people from dreaming. As soon as the electroencephalograph (脑电图仪) registered a dream pattern, researchers woke the dreamer. They did this all night for several nights, every time the person started to dream.The experiment revealed that people who were unable to dream became nervous, easily upset, and hungrier. As soon as they were able to sleep without interruptions they lost their nervousness and became normal again; however, they then had more dreams than usual. It was as if they were catching up on their dreams.To check these findings, the researchers carried on a control experiment. Again they woke people during the night, but during non-dreaming periods. These people did not change their daytime behavior. And when they were allowed to sleep without interruptions (打断), the number of their dreams did not increase.Experiments like these have caused scientists to ask if dreams serve a purpose. Researchers know, for example, that some people who go for days without sleep will suffer from hallucinations (幻觉). Certain people even begin to show signs of mental illness. Some researchers believe that people become this way because they cannot have their usual numbers of dreams. According to this theory dreaming helps people to lead normal lives.1). This passage is mainly about ________.A. people’s need for dreamsB. the damage dreams do to people’s healthC. dreams and realitiesD. the relationship between dreams and diseases52). According to the passage, dreams ________ .A. are considered to be people’s real experiencesB. help cure people of nervousness and mental illnessC. happen in the thinking part of the brainD. cannot go on as before after the dreamer is woken3). People who slept with interrupted dreams showed signs of the following sufferings EXCEPT________ .A. nervousnessB. anxietyC. hungerD. sleepiness4). When people were woken during non-dreaming periods, they ________.A. suffered from hallucinationsB. felt upset and nervousC. had more dreams than usualD. remained normal in their daytime behavior5). The sentence “It was as if they were catching up on their dreams” in Para. 3 probably means ________.A. they seemed to do as their dreams dad told them toB. they seemed to make up for the losses of dreamsC. they seemed to dream less because of the interruptionsD. they seemed to sleep more after the interruptions满分：2 分4. We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline（衰退）when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.Another product extension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.1). According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will __________.A. decrease graduallyB. become unstableC. improve enormouslyD. remain at the same level2). The first paragraph tells us that a new product is ___________.A. usually introduced to satisfy different tastesB. often more expensive than old onesC. often inferior to old ones at firstD. not easily accepted by the public3). Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to __________.A. work out marketing policiesB. increase its popularityC. promote its productionD. speed up its life cycle4). The author mentions the example of “backpacks” (Line 4, Para.2) to show the importance of ___________.A. increasing usage among studentsB. exploring new market sectionsC. pleasing the young as well as the oldD. serving both military and civil needs5). In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makers are ___________.A. improving product qualityB. modernizing product styleC. re-positioning their product in the marketD. increasing product features二、单选题（共15 道试题，共45 分。