医学英语词汇第一周：消化系统

说明一下：背后长长的那部分是该词汇的英文解释，大家千万不要吓坏了。

这周的词汇就从周三开始，我们把它具体成了每一天的量。

希望大家每天坚持下去哦！周三词汇：aliment/o: food, nutrient•alimentation: process of giving or taking nourishment. 养料,营养品•alimentary: pertaining to food. 营养的,饮食的•hyperalimentation: hyper- excessive, hence excessive amount of food. 营养的,饮食的appendic/o: appendix 阑尾•appendectomy: ectomy excision, hence removal of the appendix.阑尾切除术•appendicitis: inflammation of the appendix. 阑尾炎•appendical: pertaining to the appendix 阑尾的auto-: self, own•autodigestion: digestion of oneself. 自身消化,自溶作用,自身溶解•autoinfection: infection from oneself. 自身感染,内源性感染•autopsy: -opsy process of viewing; hence the examination of a dead body with one’s own eyes. 尸体解剖,尸检bil/i: gall, bile 胆汁•bilirubin: bile pigment. 胆红素•biliary: pertaining to bile or bile ducts. 胆汁的, 胆的•biliation: the production and excretion of bile. 胆汁分泌bucc/o: cheek 颊•buccal: pertaining to the cheek. 颊的, 口的, 口腔的•bucca: cheek 口,颊•buccopulpal: pertaining to cheek and pulp. 颊髓的,颊与牙髓的cec/o: cecum盲肠•cecorrhaphy: -rrhaphy suture, hence surgical repair of the cecum.盲肠缝合术•cecopexy: -pexy fixation, hence fixation of the cecum.盲肠固定术•cecocolic: col/o colon, hence pertaining to the cecum and colon.盲(肠)结肠的chol/e, chol/o: gall, bile•cholelithiasis: lith/o stone; -iasis disease condition, hence the condition of having stones in the gall bladder. 胆石病•cholestasis: -stasis stopping, hence stoppage of the flow of bile. 胆汁郁积, 胆汁阻塞•cholemesis: -emesis vomiting, hence vomiting of bile. 呕胆周四词汇：cholecyst/o: gallbladder胆囊•cholecystectomy: excision of the gallbladder. 胆囊切除术•cholecystitis: inflammation of the gallbladder. 胆囊炎•cholecystic: pertaining to the gallbladder. 胆囊的cis/o: to cut•incision: in- into; -ion process, hence the process of cutting in.切开,切口,断口•incisor: one of four front teeth in the dental arch.切牙•excision: ex- out, hence the process of cutting out.切除,切除col/o, colon/o: colon•colonopathy: diseased condition of the colon. 结肠病•colonoscope: a viewing instrument to examine the colon. 结肠镜•colostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body, hence from the colon to the outside of the body. 结肠造口术dent/o, dent/i: tooth•dentition: the teeth in the dental arch. 齿系, 齿列•lobiodental: lobi/o lip, hence pertaining to the lip and the teeth. 唇齿的•dentifrice: fricare to rub, hence substance used to clean the teeth. 洁牙剂diverticul/o: things that turn aside憩室•diverticulum: abnormal side-pocket in the intestine wall. (复diverticula) 憩室•diverticulitis: inflammation of the diverticula (small pouches) in the intestine wall, especially in the colon.憩室炎•diverticulosis: the presence of the diverticula.憩室病duoden/o: duodenum十二指肠•duodenectomy: excision of the duodenum. 十二指肠切除术•gastroduodenal: pertaining to stomach and duodenum. 胃十二指肠的•duodenitis: inflammation of the duodenum. 十二指肠炎enter/o: intestine•enteropathy: disease of the intestine. 肠病•enterocolitis: inflammation of the small intestine and colon.小肠结肠炎•gastroenterologist: specialist in alimentary tract disorders.胃肠病学家周五词汇：gingiv/o: gums 龈•gingivae: gums 龈•gingivitis: inflammation of the gums.龈炎•gingivectomy: excision of the gums. 龈切除术ile/o: ileum回肠•ileocecal: cec/o cecum(盲肠), hence pertaining to the ileum and cecum.回盲肠的•ileostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body. 回肠造口术•ileitis: inflammation of the ileum.回肠炎jejun/o: jejunum空肠•gastrojejunostomy: surgical connection or opening between the stomach and jejunum.胃空肠吻合术•jejunoileal: pertaining to the jejunum and ileum. 空肠回肠的•jejunotomy: incision of the jejunum. 空肠切开术lingu/o: tongue舌•lingual: pertaining to the tongue.舌的•sublingual: sub- under, hence pertaining to something that is under the tongue. 舌下的•linguodental: pertaining to the tongue and tooth. 舌牙的-megaly: enlargement增大•splenomegaly: splen/o the spleen, hence enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾•hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver. 肝肿大•cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart. 心肥大micro-: small小•microscope: an apparatus used to magnify small objects. 显微镜•microscopic: pertaining to extremely small size.显微镜(下)的,微观的•micronodular: pertaining to small nodules.小结节的nas/o: nose鼻子•nasal: pertaining to the nose.鼻的•nasogastic: pertaining to the nose and stomach. 鼻胃的•nasopalatine: pertaining to the nose and palate. 鼻腭的周六词汇：or/o: mouth口•oropharynx: the area of the throat at the back of the mouth. 口咽的•oral: pertaining to the mouth. 口腔的•oralogy: study of the mouth.口腔学(stomatology口腔医学,牙医学)pancreat/o: pancreas胰腺\胰脏•pancreatic: pertaining to the pancreas.胰脏的•pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas.胰腺炎•pancreatin: one of the digestive ferments of the pancreatic juice. 胰液素pharyng/o: pharynx 咽•pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx.咽炎•pharyngonasal: pertaining to the nose and the pharynx. 咽鼻的(nasopharyngeal 鼻咽的)•pharyngoxerosis: -xer/o dry, hence dryness of the pharynx. 咽干燥proct/o: rectum直肠•proctology: study of disease of the rectum.直肠病学•proctoscope: instrument to visually examine the rectum.直肠镜•proctopexy: -pexy fix, fasten, hence fix the rectum. 直肠固定术sial/o: saliva唾液,涎•sialorrhea: -rrhea flow, discharge, hence excessive secretion of saliva. 流涎•sialolith: lith/o stone, hence salivary stone.涎石•salivary: pertaining to saliva.唾液的,涎的sigmoid/o: sigmoid colon乙状结肠•sigmoidoscopy: -scopy visual examination, hence visual examination of the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠镜检查(术)•sigmoiditis: inflammation of the sigmoid乙状结肠炎•sigmoidotomy: surgical incision into the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠切开术splen/o: spleen脾•splenomegaly: enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾•splenectomy: surgical removal of the spleen. 脾切除术•splenic: pertaining to the spleen. 脾的周日词汇：-stomy: surgical opening造口术•ileostomy: surgical opening from the ileum to the outside of the body. 回肠造口术•colostomy: surgical opening from the large intestine to the outside of the body.结肠造口术•coloproctostomy: proct/o anus and rectum, hence surgical connection or opening between the colon and rectum. 结肠直肠吻合术•tracheostomy: surgical opening from the trachea to the outside of the body.气管造口术•salpingostomy 输卵管造口术•gastrostomy 胃造口术•dacryocystostomy 泪囊造口术sub-: below, under下•sublingual: under the tongue. 舌下的•submandibular: mandibul/o lower jaw, hence under the lower jaw.下颌下的•subacid: moderately acid or sour. 微酸的,有点酸的。