自考 英语(一)2016.4
全国4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题及答案解析历年试卷及答案解析
8.Do you feel like to a film or would you rather _______ at home.A.to go,to stay C.to go,stay ing 9.That's one of those questi ons that _______ A.n eed n't to be an sweredB.go ing, stayD.go in g,to stayB.n eed n't to answer C.n eed n't be an swered D.n eed n't answer10.You'd rather I did n't tell her about it, A.would n't you C.should youB.did n'tyou D.had you 11. _______ t he road and you will come to the office buildi ng. A.lf you were to turn offB.Tur n offC.Turni ng offD.Havi ng tur ned off 12. _______ a good excuse for being late,Sally was criticized.A.Not hav ingB.Hav ing not全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（一）试题课程代码：00794Part One I •用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。
从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出一个正确答案，并将选 项号填在答题纸上的相应位置。
（本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分） 1. The values of today's young people differ from _______ . A.those of their pare nts B.that of their pare nts C.their pare ntsD.whose pare nts 2. We had to leave quietly ______ disturb other people. A.as so not to B.so as not to C.not so as toD.so not as to 3. Where is your brother?He _______ to the dining room. A.had gone B.had bee n C.has bee nD.has gone 4. A new all-purpose buildi ng ______ in the mountain village for shopp in g,bus in ess and in door sports.A.is now con struct ing B.has now con structed C.is now being con structedD.has bee n now con structed 5.lf you had done as I told you,this _______ .A.should have not happe ned B.would not have happe nedC.did not happe nD.had not happe ned 6. _______ the city's environment 环境）has become of great importanee. A.The improvi ng B.lm provi ng of C.lm prov ingD.Be ing improved 7.I advised him _______ the bus con ductor to tell him ________ . A.to ask,where to get off B.to ask,to get off whereC.telling,where to get offD.telli ng,to get off whereC.Have notD.Do not have13.Since our stay was too short,we couldn't visit all the places _______A. where we should like to visitB. which we would like to visit themC. where we should have liked toD. which we would have liked to14. _______ your feelings may be,it's best to take his advice.A. WhateverB.WhatC.HoweverD.How15. _____________________________________________ The students were assigned to write a paper on ________________________________________ from the course.A. what had they learnedB.that had they learnedC.that they had learnedD.what they had learned16. ______________________________________________________________________ Ashort sentence after a series of （ 一系列 ） long sentences can have a dramatic ________A.influenceB.resultC.impressionD.effect17. ___________________________________________ When he looked into the audience,he caught ________________________________________ of his mother nodding to him.A.signB.sightC.glowD.head18.Only then did he _______ the situation he and his fellow soldiers were in.A.awareB.aware of19. The hunter fired and the fox fellB. deadlyC. deadD.dying20. ________________________________ Mr.Green's good health is chiefly proper diet and regular exercise.A.due toB.becauseC.in connection withD.in accordance with21. _______________________________________________________________ The owner of the store promised to give the money back to the traveller _______________________ his return.A.atB.fromC.become awareD.become aware ofA.deathC.byD.on22. ______________________________ How could he convince them his innocence?A.onB.ofC.withD.over23.It's _______ the government to make a decision on this issue.A.thanks toB.according toC.due toD.up to24.She didn't expect them to understand the sufferings she and her family _______ .A.went overB.went throughC.passed overD.passed into25. _____________________________________ After a long discussion the two parties an agreement.A.arrivedB.arrived inC.reached outD.reached26. ________________________________________________________ T he upper part of him that would show above the table would _______________________________ no doubt in the mind of the waiter.A.riseB.ariseC.arouseD.awake27. _________________________________ H e came here to be a miner but as a farmer.A.ended upB.turned upC.came upD.brought up28. ______________________________________________ When the boy was only four,his father decided to ________________________________________ a musician of him.A.doB.makeC.developD.produce29. ________________ My parents, touring in Britain,are looking forward to a traditional English afternoontea in a beautiful setting.A.nowadaysB.instantlyC.presentlyD.intently30. _______________________ Last year,the school a special class to help poor readers.A.set asideB.set upC.set outD.set offn •阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题，根据短文的内容从四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸上的相应位置。
四川省高等教育自学考试2016年4月(16·1次)
09:00-11:3014:30-17:0009:00-11:3000147 人力资源管理(一)00018 计算机应用基础00182 公共关系学00163 管理心理学00107 现代管理学00277 行政管理学00292 市政学00341 公文写作与处理03350 社会研究方法12656 毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论03706 思想道德修养与法律基础00051 管理系统中计算机应用00054 管理学原理00070 政府与事业单位会计00053 对外经济管理概论04184 线性代数(经管类)00078 银行会计学00058 市场营销学04183 概率论与数理统计(经管类)00067 财务管理学00068 外国财政00139 西方经济学03708 中国近现代史纲要00051 管理系统中计算机应用00054 管理学原理00078 银行会计学00053 对外经济管理概论00061 国家税收04183 概率论与数理统计(经管类)00058 市场营销学00076 国际金融00067 财务管理学00150 金融理论与实务00068 外国财政04184 线性代数(经管类)03708 中国近现代史纲要00051 管理系统中计算机应用00045 企业经济统计学00102 世界市场行情00097 外贸英语写作00149 国际贸易理论与实务04183 概率论与数理统计(经管类)00100 国际运输与保险04184 线性代数(经管类)07750 国际投资学03708 中国近现代史纲要05844 国际商务英语00042 社会经济统计学原理00054 管理学原理00153 质量管理(一)00051 管理系统中计算机应用00061 国家税收00154 企业管理咨询00067 财务管理学00149 国际贸易理论与实务04183 概率论与数理统计(经管类)00151 企业经营战略00150 金融理论与实务03708 中国近现代史纲要04184 线性代数(经管类)00042 社会经济统计学原理00061 国家税收00159 高级财务会计00051 管理系统中计算机应用00149 国际贸易理论与实务00160 审计学备注：1.代码以A开头的为自考专科，B.D开头的为本科。
2016年4月全国自考《现代英语语法》真题及详解
2016年4月全国自考《现代英语语法》真题(总分100, 考试时间90分钟)1. Choose the best answer from the choices given and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.1. The Niagara Falls_______long been a popular tourist destination, boosted by a number of movies. ( )A haveB havingC hadD haven't答案:A解析：山脉、瀑布、岛屿等地理名词常常被当作复数。
这些名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数，如the Alps，the highlands，the Himalayas，Niagara Falls等。
答案为A。
2. There is nothing more wonderful in the world than swimming with a_______of fish around you. ( )A sackB sheetC staffD school答案:D解析：本题考查单位名词。
a school of fish一群(小)鱼，很多，a school of＝a lot of。
答案为D。
3. There are stores on_______sides of the square. ( )A bothB everyC eachD all答案:D解析：the square(广场)是四面的，所以排除仅指两边的both。
选项B和C后跟单数名词。
答案为D。
4. You have not at all read my points carefully and_______the same mistakes. ( )A continuously repeatB continuously repeatedC are continuously repeatingD continuously repeating答案:C解析：现在进行体和表示高频率的副词always，constantly，continually，continuously，all the time等连用时，失去了表示暂时性的语义含义，而经常被用来表示一种独特的习惯。
2016年4月高等教育自学考试英语全国统一命题试题及答案.doc加翻译
2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷Vocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)Ⅰ从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1.You may use bike provided you give it back to me tomorrow morning.A. unlessB. providedC. thoughD. because2.He could not hold back his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the universityA. hold upB. hold backC. get overD. get through3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth with their childrenA. onB. forC. withD. to4.The teacher required that all errors should be eliminated eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.A. deportedB. eliminatedC. deprivedD. implemented5.A person is lucky if his career coinciders with his interest and hobby.A. concernsB. competesC. coincidersD. compares6.Out sleep influences our mood. our mood, in return affects our performance.A. in returnB. in vainC. in shortD. in turn7.It was considerate of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.A. considerateB. consideringC. considerableD. considered8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some remarks on my recent article at the conference.A. requestsB. referencesC. remarksD. restrictions9.He is so absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.A. soB. eachC. veryD. much10.No sooner had I reached had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.A. did I reachB.I had reachedC. had I reachedD.I reachedⅡ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项，根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。
2016年4月高等教育自学考试《英语》试题
2016年4月高等教育自学考试《英语（一）》试题课程代码：00012一、阅读判断The Truth about Left-Handed PeopleAbout 90% of people in the world today are right-handed. The other 10% are left-handed, including Obama, the 'President of the US. Every day, left-handed folks quietly face problems. It could be something as simple as driving a car or using a can opener.Why are so few of us left-handed? One theory is that handedness (hand preference) could be a result of genetics. Scientists say that there are two genes (基因) associated with handedness. One is the D gene. It is more frequent in the population and promotes (促成) right-hand preference. The other is the C gene. It has the ability to promote a preference for either hand. When the C gene is present there is a 50% chance that a person could be right- or left-handed.Another theory has to do with human brains, which are made up of two halves. If the left half is more powerful, then one is most likely right-handed. But with left-handers, it is more complicated. Seventy percent of them are also left-brain dominant (占优势的). The other 30% have right-side dominant brains.During the 18th and 19th centuries, left-handedness was considered a disability. But not all of the myths about left-handers are bad. One myth suggests that they are more creative and smarter than the right-handers. So far scientific research has yet to fired any truth to these claims. In fact, a 2013 survey out of New Zealand found that left-handers and right-handers were the same.Life might be a little more complicated for left-handers when it comes to cutting a piece of paper or opening a bottle of wine. However, it seems to be a good sign if you are trying to make it to the White House.1. The right-handers are nine times as many as the left-handers.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given2. Using a can opener could be a problem for left-handers.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given3. Men are more likely to be left-handed than women.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given4. Some scientists believe that handedness is decided by genes.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given5. Most left-handers are right-brain dominant.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given6. In the 19th century, left-handedness was no longer considered abnormal.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given7. Right-handers live longer than left-handers.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given8. Left-handers are proved to be cleverer.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given9. The New Zealand survey found left-handers differ greatly from right-handers.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given10. There are not enough specially-designed tools for left-handers.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given二、阅读选择The Story of Milton HersheyAlmost every kid in the US has eaten a famous Hershey chocolate bar. But few people know that the Hershey chocolate factory is only about 100 years old. Even fewer know that its founder, Milton Hershey, had suffered many failures before he started his famous company.Milton grew up in the farm country of Pennsylvania. He was first trained to become a printer. After working for a small newspaper for a short time, he decided that printing was not for him. Then he got a job at a candy factory. After a few years, he decided to open his own little candy business. But this first business had to close down because it was not making money. Then, Milton travelled to Denver to learn how to make caramels (黄油奶糖). He took his new skills to New York City and sold candies on the street. But this second business also failed.Soon afterwards, he moved back to his hometown. There he experimented with all sorts of candies and chocolates. By 1893, he was selling a million dollars' worth of caramel candy each year. Since hishocolate-flavored (巧克力口味的) caramels were the best-selling, he decidedto make chocolate himself. He learned how to make delicious chocolate by adding fresh milk. His milk chocolate turned out to be a great success. So he sold his caramel factory and focused on making chocolate only.In 1903, Milton Hershey built a huge chocolate factory and an entire town to go with it. Today, the town of Hershey is still the home of the Hershey chocolate factory. You can smell the delicious chocolate smells just by driving through the town.11. Milton's first job was working as a(n)A. printerB. candy sellerC. farmerD. editor12. Milton closed his candy business because heA. moved to DenverB. wanted to go travellingC. was not interested in itD. did not make profits from it13. The phrase "his new skills" (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to how toA. sell candiesB. make caramelsC. run a candy businessD. manufacture chocolate14. Milton decided to make chocolate himself becauseA. he did a lot of experiments on itB. his caramel candy was not popularC. his chocolate-flavored caramels sold wellD. he was tired of selling candies on the streets15. What can be learned from this text?A. Fresh milk is beneficial to people's health.B. A town was named after Milton Hershey.C. Chocolate became popular in the 1900s in the US.D. Few people in the US have heard of Hershey chocolate.三、概括段落大意和补全句子The Getty Center① The Getty Center attracts million visitors a year. It is one of the most popular art museums in the US. One reason for its popularity may be that the Getty is free. No tickets to buy, and no reservations needed. There is a $15 parking fee, but you do not have to pay for parking after 5 . And there is convenient public transportation.② A tram (接驳车) carries you from the parking area up to the hilltop campus. When you step out, you come face to face with views of the Pacific Ocean, the Santa Monica Mountains, and the vast open area of Los Angeles.③ Then you will see the five main buildings that house the museum's collection surrounding a centralcourtyard. The buildings are connected by glassed walkways. So you can enjoy the view again while you move from one building to another. One of the outstanding characteristics of the museum is the natural light that shines through each building's computer-controlled louvers (百叶窗). It allows viewers to look at paintings in the same natural light in which they were created.④ Part of the large campus is used for a series of gardens. The Central Garden was designed by Robert Irwin. He himself buik everything from the handrails (扶手) to the waterfall to create a special and artistic experience in nature.⑤ The Getty Center makes an effort to satisfy visitors. There is a caf6 that offers lunches and snacks. There is also a restaurant for more formal meals, but it usually requires reservations. The museum includes a family room that lets kids create artwork and offers educational programs for everyone.Task 116. Paragraph ①:17. Paragraph ②:18. Paragraph ③:19. Paragraph ④:20. Paragraph ⑤:Task 221. Visitors to the Getty Center do not need to 22. You can walk from one building to another through23. At the Getty Center, visitors can enjoy paintings in24. Robert Irwin himself constructed 25. In the family room, children can 四、填句补文Pets for the EnglishFor the English people, keeping pets is not just a leisure activity. 26 In fact, the expression "keeping pets" does not show the high status of their animals. An Englishman' s home may be his castle, but his dog is the real king.Many other cultures have pets. The Americans may outdo (超过) the English in buying expensive things for their pets. 27 Their pets are more than symbols of status. They tend to be far more open, easy andommunicative in their relationships with their animals than with each other.The average Englishman will tryhard to avoid communication with his fellow humans. 28 But he will have no difficuky in having lively conversations with a dog.An American visitor had once suffered for a week as a guest in a fairly typical English home. 29 The owner of the dogs engaged them in non-stop chat and laughed lovingly at their misbehaviors. She complained that the owner's relationship with these pets was "abnormal" and "unhealthy".The English are allowed to criticize their own pets. But this must be done in friendly and joking tones. 30 They may lovingly talk about the items their have eaten or destroyed. "It wasn't just shoes and ordinary things,五、填词补文Fitness MagazinesFitness is a funny business. One can only get in 31 through motion. But many people spend 32time reading about fitness than trying to 33 what they have seen. As such, the world of fitness magazines is still 34 robust (有活力的). There is very little that a fitness magazine can 35 that a website cannot. However, fitness magazines still have a large 36 of readers.Fitness magazines tend to have a few advantages that cannot be 37 Fkst are the fitness tips fi'om real professionals in the 38 The magazines also include 39 and shiny photos. They can help readers to understand the kind of shape that they can get into if they put in the right effort.六、完形补文Graffiti (涂鸦)Street art is a very popular form of art that is spreading quickly(quick) all over the world. You can find it on buildings, sidewalks, street signs and dustbins in many big 41 (city) of the world. Street art has gained great 42 (popular). Even art museums and galleries are 43 (collect) the works of street artists. Street art started out very 44 (secret) because it is illegal to paint public and private property without permission. People often have different 45 (opinion) about street art. Some think it is a crime and others think it is a very 46 (beauty) new form of culture.Art experts claim that the 47 (move) began in New York City in the 1960s. Young adults 48 (spray) words and other images on walls and trains. This 49 (color), energetic style of writing became 50 (know) as graffiti.七、短文写作51.。
全国自考00087英语翻译2016年4月考试试卷真题加答案自学考试
10. interest-free loan
B. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write your translation on the Answer Sheet.
11. 闯红灯
12. 中国梦
13. 隐形眼镜
14. 改革开放
24. 原文：Global temperatures in recent months have been at their highest levels in records that go back 130 years. 译文：近几个月全球气温达到了 130 年前气象记录的最高水平。 改译：
25. 原文：The company’s insistence on using its proprietary e-book publishing software makes it more difficult for publishers to control the layout of the book. 译文：这家公司对使用其专利电子书出版软件的坚持使出版商更难控制图书的版式。 改译：
1
23. 原文：You can also find, among the new offices of the financial district, the building where Dr. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784) once lived. 译文：你在金融区的新办公室中也能找到塞缪尔·约翰逊博士（1709-1784）曾经居住过 的房子。 改译：
22. 原文：As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. 译文：大学如今已成为国家竞争和和平的工具，这在大学的历史上是前所未有的。 改译：
英语专科自考 00595英语阅读(一)201604 真题试卷
全国2016年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码：00595第一部分选择题I. CAREFUL READINGRead the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.I was bom in a pleasant old colonial house built near 1750, and bought by my grandfather sixty or seventy years ago. He joined a group of acquaintances who were engaged in the flourishing West Indian trade of that time. For many years he kept and extended his interests in shipping, building ships and buying large quantities of timber, and sending it down the river and then to the sea. The business was still in existence in my early childhood, so I came in contact with the up-country people who sold timber as well as with the sailors and shipmasters of the other side of the business. I used to linger about the busy country stores, and listen to the lively country talk.In my grandfather’s business household，my father had taken to his book，as old people said, and gone to college and begun that devotion to the study of medicine which only ended with his life. He gave me my first and best knowledge of books by his own delight and dependence upon them, and ruled my early attempts at writing by his good taste. "Don't try to write about people and things, tell them just as they are!" How often my young ears heard these words without comprehending them! But while I was too young and thoughtless to share in an enthusiasm for Sterne or Fielding, and Smollett or Don Quixote, my mother and grandmother were leading me into the pleasant ways of Pride and Prejudice, and The Scenes of Clerical Life, and the delightful stories of Mrs. Oliphant.When the time came that my own world of imagination was more real to me than any other, I was sometimes perplexed at my father's directing my attention to certain points of interest in the character or surroundings of our acquaintances. I cannot help believing that he recognized, long before I did myself, in what direction the current of purpose in my life was setting. Now, as I write my sketches of country life, I remember again and again the wise things he said, and the sights he made me see. I may have inherited something of my father’s knowledge of human nature, but my father never lost a chance of trying to teach me to observe. I owe a great deal to his patience with a little girl given far more to dreams than to accuracy, and with perhaps too little natural sympathy for the dreams of others.1.Which stat ement is true of the author’s grandfather?A.He built the old colonial house around 1750.B.He was employed by the busy country stores.C.He took great interest in neighborhood affairs.D.He made money by buying and selling timber.2.In Paragraph 1, "the other side of the business" refers to____.A.building shipsB.sailing shipsC.buying timberD.selling timber3.What the author cherishes most about her father is his____.A.devotion to medicineB.advice on writingC.enthusiasm for literatureD.interest in business4.As far as writing is concerned, the author's father emphasized the importance of____.A.country settingsB.plentiful patienceC. wild imaginationD.accurate observation5.The author is probably known for her writings about .A.country lifeB. modem businessC.colonial historyD. old-time seafaringPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women’s education may be unusual territory for economists，but enhancing women’s contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives (激励)，provides an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education.Parents in low-income countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family; girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school—the prophecy (预言）becomes self-fulfilling，trapping women in a vicious circle (恶性循环）of neglect.An educated mother, on the other hand, earns more and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and insist on the development of all her children, ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls, as well as of boys, will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits, but it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously, there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 percent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investments, but they are just the beginning.6.According to the author, educating girls in developing countries may____.A.be more rewarding than expectedB. cause annoying problems and difficultiesC.bring to an end social and economic problemsD.bring a family into a financially difficult situation7.By saying “…the prophecy becomes self-fulfilling in Paragraph 2, the author means that girls will____.A.be found less valuable than boysB.find their goals in life unreachableC.be discontented with their life at homeD.be capable of realizing their own dreams8.In the author's opinion, a vicious circle can turn into a virtuous circle when_____.A.there are more daughters in a familyB.a family is rich enough to educate boysC.a family has more but healthier childrenD.mothers know the importance of educating girls9.What does the author say about womens education?A.It is the most important social issue.B.It is now given top priority in developing countries.C.It yields greater returns than other known investments.D.It has aroused the interest of a growing number of economists.10.This passage mainly discusses______.A.the economic benefits of educating womenB.the social contributions of educated womenC.the political influence of well-educated womenD.the unfair treatment of girls in developing countriesPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.The history of the U.S. from Lincoln’s death to the wave of assassinations in the 1960s can be seen as a struggle to realize Lincoln’s vision of a soci ety whose citizens are not held back by parentage or origin. The struggle to secure this chance for all Americans has been bitter and bloody, and it is far from over. After Lincoln's death, the Fourteenth Amendment promised that the Federal Union would guarantee the rights of all persons against violation by the states. However, this guarantee was exploited by business corporations while remaining a hollow promise to millions of actual persons. Women did not get the vote until five amendments later, and their legal rights were often lost in marriage. As for blacks, political equality remained mostly something unreal until the passage of the V oting Rights Act one hundred years after Lincoln’s death.The struggle to realize Lincoln's ideal was undertaken not only by workers against capital but also by immigrants against the political system. In less than one human life span following the Civil War, the U.S. absorbed a great number of immigrants who formed the next wave of what Lincoln had called "prudent and penniless" beginners. They found that social services were forgotten by a political system that ran on graft (腐败). The risk of injury，disease，and early death were largelyignored, forcing millions to rely on themselves, on family, and on the charity of friends.To some who watched the immigrants pour in, it seemed that America would have to reorganize itself according to the multicultural principle that we hear so much about today. The term “multiculturalism” was popularized by Horace Kallen. He wrote in his book The Nation in 1915 that with the growth of large immigrant communities, the rate of mixed marriage would drop (he was wrong) and the likelihood of a new American race would decline. The U.S., he predicted, would turn into a democracy of nationalities in which "selfhood is ancestrally determined." To other observers，however，the country was simply sliding into disorder, as it seemed to Henry Adams in 1905 when he looked out of the club window on the turmoil of Fifth Avenue and felt himself in the disorderly Rome as witnessed by Emperor Diocletian.11.Lincoln imagined that the U.S. would be a society free from the influence of one’s____.A.wealthB. educationC.heritageD. personality12. The author points out that Lincoln’s dream of an ideal society____.A.is very unrealisticB. has not come trueC.is harmful to womenD. ignores black Americans13.The immigrants who went to the U.S. after the Civil War were extremely dissatisfied with____.A. capitalistsB. social servicesC. public facilitiesD. charity organizations14.According to Horace Kallen,the increase in immigrant population would enable immigrants to____.A.marry into other racesB. keep their own culturesC.gain economic equalityD. forget their homelands15.Which of the following statements is true?A.The blacks got the voting rights right after Lincoln died.B.The immigrants who came after the Civil War were poor.C.The rate of mixed marriage in the U.S. dropped after 1915.D.Henry Adams agreed with Horace Kallen on his prediction.Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Some estimates are that as many as 8% of adolescents suffer from depression at some time during any one-year period, making it much more common than, for example, eating disorders, which seem to get more attention as a source of adolescent misery.Even among psychiatrists and other mental health care professionals, the extent of the disability caused by depression is vastly underestimated. The World Health Organization has found that major depression is the single greatest cause of disability in the world—more than twice as many people are disabled by depression as by the second leading cause of disability，iron-deficiency anemia (贫血症).Other diseases and disorders may get more press coverage or more research money, or more sympathy and concern from a well-meaning public, but major depression causes more long term human misery than any other single disease.When I was a resident in psychiatry，we believed that true depression was rare among teenagers, or that insofar as it existed, it was just a normal phase of adolescent development with no lasting consequences. It didn’t take long after I began treating troubled kids to see that this couldn't possibly be true. Research over recent decades has confirmed my impression. These beliefs, if any still holds them, are false and dangerous. In fact, early onset of depression is not normal, and can predict numerous unhappy life events for youngsters, including school failure, teenage pregnancy, and suicide attempts.Although depression is increasingly common today, it is among the oldest diseases recorded in the history of medicine. As early as the fourth century, the symptoms of “melancholia”were well known. In other words，depression was first thought of as an exclusively physical illness-the loss of appetite，sleeplessness，irritability，and general depression was believed to have a physical，not a psychological cause. It wasn’t until the nineteenth century-when the term depression was invented to substitute for melancholia-that a psychological understanding of the illness began to develop. Eventually this psychological explanation of depression would become the only one, although today it no longer is. We now know that depression has both psychological and physical symptoms, and that both psychological and medical treatments can help to alleviate them.16.The World Health Organization has found that .A.depression results in iron-deficiency anemiaB.depression gets more press attention worldwideC.more people are disabled by depression than by anemiaD.iron-deficiency anemia is the greatest cause of disability17.In the 4th century, depression was regarded as a_____.A.physical disorderB.psychological problemC.psychological disease caused by physical disordersD.physical disease induced by psychological disorders18.After the 19th century people began to realize that depression could result from____.A. anemiaB. iron deficiencyC. physical illnessD. psychological problems19.The word “alleviate” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to_____.A. cureB. diagnoseC. preventD. ease20.The passage mainly deals with depression by informing the reader of_____.A. future developmentsB. new discoveriesC. people’s misunderstandingsD. serious consequencesII. SPEED READINGSkim or scan the following passages, and then decide on the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points, 1 point each)Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.People in the developed countries are living longer. In 2005 in the U.S. the average lifespan was 77.6 years, as against 54 years in 1920 and just 34 years in 1780. By 2050 it is estimated that the average lifespan will be in the mid 80's. By 2025 in the developed countries the share of the population over 60 will be 26 percent.This increasing longevity is starting to impact on public finances, economic growth and general living standards. This impact is greater in countries with low employment rates, such as countries in the European Union, of which Italy is a good example. In addition, as baby boomers (those bom from 1946 to 1960) reach retirement age, there is increasing pressure on social security systems and public funds for retirement and health care expenses. Economists are increasingly questioning the sustainability of the European social model with its current high welfare standards.“Active aging” is now being advanced by policy experts. The current division of life into three cycles—education, employment and retirement—should be changed. According to these experts, governments need to remove barriers that prevent older people from continuing to work and should extend the average working life. Schemes for lifelong learning need to be established to keep the aging workforce equipped with up-to-date job skills.The U.S. agricultural firm Monsanto is encouraging the government to allow it to introduce “phased retirement” for its workforce. Back in 1991 the company set up a Resource Re-entry Centre (RRC). Monsanto found it difficult to hire qualified temporary administrative assistants. Through the RRC it began to offer this work to retired administrative workers. The centre now sources human resources amongst its retired workforce for a diverse range of projects. In so doing, the company retains the skills, knowledge and social networks of its workers. Much of the work is project-based and highly flexible. Over 60 percent of the projects are given to workers over 60. A key feature of the scheme is workers' access to cost-effective computer-based training to maintain and update job skills. The centre strives to educate company managers regarding the cost efficiency and quality of the work achieved by the service.21.From 1780 to 2005, the average lifespan in the U.S. ____.A. had more than doubledB. had more than tripledC. increased by 26 percentD. increased to 80 years22.Italy has seen the great impact of the increasing longevity because of its____.A.high welfare standardsB. early retirement ageC.low employment ratesD. large number of baby boomers23.Which of the following is related to active aging?A.The old people should retire early.B.The three cycles of life should be retained.C.The old people should overcome work barriers.D.Lifelong learning schemes should be established.24.According to the passage，RRC is a(n) ____.ernment officeB. information officeC.human resource centerD. project management center25.The author uses Monsanto's example to show that____.A. workers should enjoy their retirement lifeB.retired workers should expand their social networksC.“active aging” has been encouraged by the governmentD.there are solutions to problems caused by increasing longevityPassage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.There are guavas (番石榴）at the Shop & Save. I pick one the size of a tennis ball and finger the prickly stem end. It feels familiarly bumpy and firm. The guava is not quite ripe: the skin is still a dark green. I smell it and imagine a pale pink center, the seeds tightly embedded in the flesh.A ripe guava is yellow, although some varieties have a pink tinge. The skin is thick, firm, and sweet. Its heart is bright pink and almost solid with seeds. The most delicious part of the guava surrounds the tiny seeds. If you don't know how to eat a guava, the seeds end up in the crevices between your teeth.Some years, when the rains have been plentiful and the nights cool, you can bite into a guava and not find many seeds. The guava bushes grow close to the ground, their branches laden with green then yellow fruit that seem to ripe overnight. These guavas are large and juicy, almost seedless, their roundness enticing you to have one more, just one more, because next year the rains may not come.As children,we didn’t always wait for the fruit to ripen. We raided the bushes as soon as the guavas were large enough to bend the branch.A green guava is sour and hard. You bite into it at its widest point, because it，s easier to grasp with your teeth. You grimace, your eyes water，and your cheeks disappear as your lips purse into a tight O. But you have another and then another, enjoying the crunchy sounds, the acid taste, the gritty texture of the unripe center. At night, your mother makes you drink castor oil, which she says tastes better than a green guava. That’s when you know for sure that you，re a child and she has stopped being one.I had my last guava the day we left Puerto Rico. It was large and juicy, almost red in the center, and so fragrant that I didn't want to eat it because I would lose the smell. All the way to the airport I scratched at it with my teeth, making little dents in the skin, chewing small pieces with my front teeth, so that I could feel the texture against my tongue, the tiny pink pellets of sweet.Today，I stand before a stack of dark green guavas，each perfectly round and hard, each $1.59. The one in my hand is tempting. It smells faintly of late summer afternoons and hopscotch under the mango tree. But this is autumn in New York, and I’m no longer a child. I push my cart away，toward the apples and pears of my adulthood, their nearly seedless ripeness predictable and bittersweet.26.The Shop & Save is a(n) ____.A.American supermarketB. fruit garden in AmericaC.supermarket in an airportD. fruit garden in Puerto Rico27.According to the author, a ripe guava is____.A. pale pink at its heartB. soft with bumpy skinC. yellow with tightly fixed seedsD.yellow with perhaps some tinges of pink28.Plentiful rains and cool nights may mean that guavas____ .A.grow on the groundB. have fewer seedsC.ripen slowlyD. are scarce29.The day he left Puerto Rico, the author ate a guava____.A. quicklyB. slowlyC. reluctantlyD. hungrily30.The author is quite familiar with guavas because he____.A. works at a supermarketB.is keen on eating guavasC.grew up with the memory of guavasD.suffered too much from green guavas非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
2016年湖南省自考本科：英语(一)考试真题与解析
2016年10月高等教育自学考试《英语(一)》试题课程代码：00012一、阅读判断(第1～10题，每小题1分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择知如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。
在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Working in GermanyJuan Morales is 19 years old. He has left his parents who live on a small farm in Spain. He now works in a car plant in Germany. Every 30 seconds, a car rolls past Juan on a production line. Juan must dive into the open trunk of the car and tighten (拧紧) two bolts (螺栓). Two times a minute, Juan must tighten these same two bolts on every car that comes by on the line.Juan has done this job on every working day for six months. When he goes back to his rented room at the end of each day, he is very tired. Sometimes he will go out for supper with other Spanish workers. But supper in a restaurant costs money, and Juan is trying to save money. Often he just cooks supper in his home and eats alone.Ju_an is there because there is plenty of work in Germany more work than there are workers to fill the jobs. Because of this, few German workers have to take a job like Juan's. But people from some other countries are eager to do the work because wages are high in Germany.d puts half his pay in the savings bank. Then he sends about a quarter of the money back home. The rest is enough to live on if he is careful. In two and a half more years, Juan will have saved enough money to open a store near his parents' village. Then he will have enough money to get married and set up a home.1. Juan's parents live on a large farm in Spain.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given2. Juan's job in the German car plant is to tighten bolts.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given3. Juan seldom feels tired after work.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given4. The rent of Juan's room is not high.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given5. Juan doesn't eat out with other Spanish workers.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given6. Juan likes cooking and he cooks very well.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given7. There are not enough workers in Germany.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given8. Juan can earn more money in Germany than at home.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given9. Juan sends back home some of the money he earns.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given10. Juan owns a store near his parents' village in Spain.A. TrueB. FalseC. Not Given二、阅读选择(第11—15题，每小题2分，共10分)阅读下面短文，请从短文后所绐各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。