新目标九年级英语UNTI10单元同步作文指导
英语新目标九年级上Unit1-10教材作文范例
英语新目标九年级上Unit1-10教材作文范例★清华大学★英语系测试：为中学英语量身定做.官方网站：/清华大学英语教授50年研究成果九年级英英语作文范例①Unit 1 Section B 3c 范文How do I learn English?I think the best way to learn English is to use it.Every morning I read English aloud after I get up.I practice my listening skills by watching English language videos.Every Friday afternoon I go to the English club to practice conversations with friends.I think it helps me with my speaking skills.Oh,keeping a diary in English is also helpful.In my free time,I usually listen to English songs.It also helps.Now I can sing many English songs.What do you think is the best way to learn Englilsh?Can you tell me?②Self Check Activity 2范文Xu Zheng is a middle school student.He won a prize for his essay about the importance of English.He likes taking notes,watching movies and listening to pop songs.He finds the pronunciation is difficult.And native speakers speak English too quickly.He often learns English by making up conveersations and speaking to friends in English.He thinks most people speak English as a second language.English is used around the world for computers and also used in science.Englilsh can help us understand many new books and movies.③Unit2 Section B 3c作文范文My life has changed a lot.When I was in primary school,I used to study four subjects,but now I have seven subjects.I used to like math,but now I find it so difficult for me.I used to like tests,but now I hate them.When I was young,there is little homework every day.So I had much time to play.But now I‘m a middle school student.I have to study hard all day.④Self Check 范文It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot.She used to be short when she was younger,but now she is much taller.She used to have long,curly hair,but now she has short,straight hair.She used to play soccer,but now she plays tennis.Yu Mei used to be quiet and serious,but now she is outing and friendly.We all like her very much.We are good friends.⑤Unit 3 Self Check 范文Dear Editor,I would like to reply the article ―Helping and Learning‖in your last newsletter.I agree with some ideas and disagree with others.The article said that students should be allowed to do these things,such as going to an old people‘s home.I agree,and we should have a special day to help others.By doing this,we can understand the society more.But I disagree that students should be allowed to have Friday afternoon off to volunteer and help others.I think we can do that on Saturday and Sunday.As for Friday afternoon,we should join different clubs.That would be more fun!Y ours sincerely,⑥Unit 4Self Check范文Dear Fran,I‘ve got your e-mail.After I read your e-mail,I just want to give you some advice.First,I think you should help your friend Mei set up her confidence.If she has confidence in herself,she won‘t be terrified of speaking in front of other people.Second,it‘s a good chance to practice English.Don‘t take it as a contest.Third,if your friend is really hard at everything,though she fails,nobody will blame on her.Your friends and other students will understand her.Finally,it‘s inportant to take part in the activity,but not the results.I really hope your friend will win this contest.Wait for your good news.Y ours,Knowledgeable⑦Unit 5 Section B 3b范文Then we interviewed some other neighbors.Everyone had their own ideas.Chu family said, ―last night,we found footsteps in the hallway.We thought it might be the neighbors,so we didn‘t mind it at all.‖Lao Zheng said, ―I thought someone trying to go get in the window when I heard the noise.But I couldn‘t find anyone.At last,I thought it might be the wind.‖Xiao Ning said, ―Each time when I get home,I can find garbage in front of my house,so I think it might be cats which often eat near my home.‖Unit 6Section B 3cMy favorite great book is The Adventure of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain.Tom is the hero of the story,but there are other important characters.Huck is an outsider and everyone is afraid ofhim.Becky is pretty with fair hair,Joe is Tom‘s best friend,and Injun Joe is the bad man of the story.The theme of the story is about children growing up.It describes how strangers are seen in small towns of America.Finally,it talks about freedom,social rules and how people are punished for bad behavior.It is read and loved by people all over the world today.Go on---read it !I know you‘ll enjoy it,too.Self Check 2Dear Lingling,Thanks for your letter.How are you?I have just finished the exams.I‘m glad I have time to write to you.Each has his own favorites;so do I.In my spare time ,I like to enjoy music that is gentle and traditional.And I also love to see some French films,which can be good for my French study.I really want to learn someFrench,too.Unfortunately,I‘ve never seen an Indian film.Besides,I often do sports to build up my body and keep healthy.But most time I like to read books on science.Another thing,I usually eat fruit and vegetables,sometimes meat and fish.I‘m sure that it will keep me healthy.A healthy body is the most important,isn‘t it？Yours,Pen palUnit 7Section B 3bDear S.T. Zhang,I‘d like you to travel to Dalian.Here are the reasons.First,you can enjoy the fascinating sights on the seaside,and then you can enjoy swimming and hiking.Second,there are different kinds of hotels where they provide you with food that you like.If youdon‘,you can rent a large room with a kitchen so you can cook meals by yourselves.Since you have about three weeks.I suggest you take a bus.Enjoy yourselves.Y ours, AceTravel Self Check 2I‘d like to go to a beautiful place.I think it would be Paris.If I went there,I would visit the famous Eiffel Tower.I can also relax there,because the streets of Paris are so beautiful and have many zoos.So I can go to the zoo and have a look at the animals.The traffic is heavy,but I can take the subway all the time go get around the city and the people there are really friendly.There are so many museums and theatres that I can see plays or shows on art at any time.Unit 8Section B 2Sally Brown is a young woman who wants to be a professional singer.As a volunteer,she sings at a local hospital to cheep up sick people and also sings at school.But after she ran out of money for singing lessons,she came up with ideas for making money.She put up signs asking for singing jobs and also called up parents offering singing lessons for children.Now she will be able to continue her lessons and become a professional singer.Section 4Dear Liz,I was so happy to recerve your letter.Thank you very much forwriting to tell me about Lucky.I would really love to come and visit you one day and see how I Lucky helps you.I‘d also like to help you some more because I have some extra time at the moment.Perhaps I could help you at home,or do some work for‗Animal Helpers.‘I‘d enjoy watching them train the animals too.I‘ll call them one day soon.Here is my phone number:486-3852.Please call me so we can arrange a time for me to visit.Best wishes,Ming LiUnit 9Section B 3bFrom pie plate to flying diskThe flying disk was invented by college students.It was a new toy invented in the 1950s.They used a metal pie plate from a bakery in Bridgeport,Connecticut.Students ate the bakey‘s pies,then threw the pie plates.Today,there are flying disk clubs,magazines and a festival.Unit 10Section B 3bOn April Fool‘s Day Nick ‗s alarm went off.He got up and took a shower.Then he got dressed and went to school.When he got to school,the building was empty.An hour later the other kids showed up.Then he realized that his brother had fooled him.His brother had set his alarm an hour early.Self Check 2This moring Luo Ming overslept.When she woke up,it had been already 10:00.She thought she was late for school and she hurried to school by bike.By the time she arrived at school she realized it was Sunday.She told it to her friend.They lauthed and laughed.Then she had supper with her grandparents.After supper she watched TV in the living room.At ten o‘clock,she went tosleep.★清华大学★英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做. 官方网站：/清华大学英语教授50年研究成果八年级期中测试题Ⅰ.单项选择。
英语新目标九年级上Unit1-10教材作文范例
九年级英语作文范例①Unit 1 Section B 3c 范文How do I learn English?I think the best way to learn English is to use it.Every morning I read English aloud after I get up.I practice my listening skills by watching English language videos.Every Friday afternoon I go to the English club to practice conversations with friends.I think it helps me with my speaking skills.Oh,keeping a diary in English is also helpful.In my free time,I usually listen to English songs.It also helps.Now I can sing many English songs.What do you think is the best way to learn Englilsh?Can you tell me?②怎样学好英语2范文Xu Zheng is a middle school student.He won a prize for his essay about the importance of English.He likes taking notes,watching movies and listening to pop songs.He finds the pronunciation is difficult.And native speakers speak English too quickly.He often learns English by making up conversations and speaking to friends in English.He thinks most people speak English as a second language.English is used around the world for computers and also used in science.Englilsh can help us understand many new books and movies.③Unit2 以前。
英语新目标九年级上Unit1-10教材作文范例
英语新目标九年级上Unit1-10教材作文范例九年级英英语作文范例①Unit 1 Section B 3c 范文How do I learn English?I think the best way to learn English is to use it.Every morning I read English aloud after I get up.I practice my listening skills by watching English language videos.Every Friday afternoon I go to the English club to practice conversations with friends.I think it helps me with my speaking skills.Oh,keeping a diary in English is also helpful.In my free time,I usually listen to English songs.It also helps.Now I can sing many English songs.What do you think is the best way to learn Englilsh?Can you tell me?②Self Check Activity 2范文Xu Zheng is a middle school student.He won a prize for his essay about the importance of English.He likes taking notes,watching movies and listening to pop songs.He finds the pronunciation is difficult.And native speakers speak English too quickly.He often learns English by making up conveersations and speaking to friends in English.He thinks most people speak English as a second language.English is used around the world for computers and also used in science.Englilsh can help us understand many new books and movies.③Unit2 Section B 3c作文范文My life has changed a lot.When I was in primary school,I used to study four subjects,but now I have seven subjects.I used to like math,but now I find it so difficult for me.I used to like tests,but now I hate them.When I was young,there is little homework every day.So I had much time to play.But now I’m a middle school student.I have to study hard all day.④Self Check 范文It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot.She used to be short when she was younger,but now she is much taller.She used to have long,curly hair,but now she has short,straight hair.She used to play soccer,but now she plays tennis.Yu Mei used to be quiet and serious,but now she is outing and friendly.We all like her very much.We are good friends.⑤Unit 3 Self Check 范文Dear Editor,I would like to reply the article “Helping and Learning”in your last newsletter.I agree with some ideas and disagree with others.The article said that students should be allowed to do these things,such as going to an old people’s home.I agree,and we should have a special day to help others.By doing this,we can understand the society more.But I disagree that students should be allowed to have Friday afternoon off to volunteer and help others.I think we can do that on Saturday and Sunday.As for Friday afternoon,we should join different clubs.That would be more fun!Yours sincerely,⑥Unit 4Self Check范文Dear Fran,I’ve got your e-mail.After I read your e-mail,I just want to give you some advice.First,I think you should help your friend Mei set up her confidence.If she has confidence in herself,she won’t be terrified of speaking in front of other people.Second,it’s a good chance to practice English.Don’t take it as a contest.Third,if your friend is really hard at everything,though she fails,nobody will blame on her.Your friends and other students will understand her.Finally,it’s inportant to take part in the activity,but not the results.I really hope your friend will win this contest.Wait for your good news.Yours,Knowledgeable⑦Unit 5 Section B 3b范文Then we interviewed some other neighbors.Everyone had their own ideas.Chu family said, “last night,we found footsteps in the hallway.We thought it might be the neighbors,so we didn’t mind it at all.”Lao Zheng said, “I thought someone trying to go get in the window when I heard the noise.But I couldn’t find anyone.At last,I thought it might be the wind.”Xiao Ning said, “Each time when I get home,I can find garbage in front of my house,so I think it might be cats which often eat near my home.”Unit 6Section B 3cMy favorite great book is The Adventure of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain.Tom is the hero of the story,but there are other important characters.Huck is an outsider and everyone is afraid of him.Becky is pretty with fair hair,Joe is Tom’s best friend,and Injun Joe is the bad man of the story.The theme of the story is about children growing up.It describes how strangers are seen in small towns ofAmerica.Finally,it talks about freedom,social rules and how people are punished for bad behavior.It is read and loved by people all over the world today.Go on---read it !I know you’ll enjoy it,too.Self Check 2Dear Lingling,Thanks for your letter.How are you?I have just finished the exams.I’m glad I have time to write to you.Each has his own favorites;so do I.In my spare time ,I like to enjoy music that is gentle and traditional.And I also love to see some French films,which can be good for my French study.I really want to learn some French,too.Unfortunately,I’ve never seen an Indian film.Besides,I often do sports to build up my body and keep healthy.But most time I like to readbooks on science.Another thing,I usually eat fruit and vegetables,sometimes meat and fish.I’m sure that it will keep me healthy.A healthy body is the most important,isn’t it？Yours,Pen palUnit 7Section B 3bDear S.T. Zhang,I’d like you to travel to Dalian.Here are the reasons.First,you can enjoy the fascinating sights on the seaside,and then you can enjoy swimming and hiking.Second,there are different kinds of hotels where they provide you with food that you like.If you don’,you can rent a large room with a kitchen so you can cook meals by yourselves.Since you have about three weeks.I suggest you take a bus.Enjoy yourselves.Yours, Ace TravelSelf Check 2I’d like to go to a beautiful place.I think it would be Paris.If I went there,I would visit the famous Eiffel Tower.I can also relax there,because the streets of Paris are so beautiful and have many zoos.So I can go to the zoo and have a look at the animals.The traffic is heavy,but I can take the subway all the time go get around the city and the people there are really friendly.There are so many museums and theatres that I can see plays or shows on art at any time.Unit 8Section B 2Sally Brown is a young woman who wants to be a professional singer.As a volunteer,she sings at a local hospital to cheep up sick people and also sings at school.But after she ran out of money for singing lessons,she came up with ideas for making money.She put up signs asking for singing jobs and also called up parents offering singing lessons for children.Now she will be able to continue her lessons and become a professional singer.Section 4Dear Liz,I was so happy to recerve your letter.Thank you very much for writing to tell me about Lucky.I would really love to come and visit you one day and see how I Lucky helps you.I’d also like to help you some more because I have some extra time at the moment.Perhaps I could help you at home,or do some work for ‘Animal Helpers.’I’d enjoy watching them train the animals too.I’ll call them one day soon.Here is my phone number:486-3852.Please call me so we can arrange a time for me to visit.Best wishes,Ming LiUnit 9Section B 3bFrom pie plate to flying diskThe flying disk was invented by college students.It was a new toy invented in the 1950s.They used a metal pie plate from a bakery in Bridgeport,Connecticut.Students ate the bakey’s pies,then threw the pie plates.Today,there are flying disk clubs,magazines and a festival.Unit 10Section B 3bOn April Fool’s Day Nick ‘s alarm went off.He got up and took a shower.Then he got dressed and went to school.When he got to school,the building was empty.An hour later the other kids showed up.Then he realized that his brother had fooled him.His brother had set his alarm an hour early.Self Check 2This moring Luo Ming overslept.When she woke up,it had been already 10:00.She thought she was late for school and she hurried to school by bike.By the time she arrived at school she realized it was Sunday.She told it to her friend.They lauthed and laughed.Then she had supper with her grandparents.After supper she watched TV in the living room.At ten o’clock,she went to sleep.中考英语时态总结-各时态对比一、过去进行时与一般过去时的区别：A. 过去进行时表某一行为的“片断”，一般过去时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态。
九年级英语全册 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands话题写作
Unit10 单元话题写作技巧点拨1. 英语书信的写法：称呼Dear…，左起顶格写。
正文换行，也要顶格写，是信的核心部分。
因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。
祝福的话语，正文下换行，顶格写，如: Best wishes! Take care! Happy New Year! Happy Birthday! 等。
结束语在正文下面的一、二行处，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。
结束语的写法 Yours, Your loving…, Sincerely yours、Yours sincerely或Sincerely；在结尾语下面的署名必须亲自签名，也不加任何的标点符号。
2. Useful expressions:有关文化礼仪的写作常用句型You’re (not) supposed to….You are expected to…It’s polite/impolite to…It’s important to…You should….3. 范文参考Dear Tony,You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you are eating at the table, it’s impolite t o stick your chopsticks into your food. You are not supposed to point at anyone with your chopsticks. In our house, you’re supposed to shake hands with my father for the first time. You are not supposed to kiss when you meet my mother. You can say hello to her with a big smile. When you go out with people, you are expected to call first, it’s important to make plans to do something interesting or go somewhere together.Have a safe trip and I look forward to meeting you soon.Best wishes!Lin Jie百度文库是百度发布的供网友在线分享文档的平台。
九年级英语同步作文unit 10
Unit10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.【单元话题分析】还记得去年愚人节你的同学是怎样愚弄你的吗？你能把这些用英语写出来吗？本单元谈论的就是叙述发生在过去的事件。
《英语课程标准》第五级目标要求学生要能够简单描述事件。
讲述发生在过去的是其中很重要的一个方面。
这个话题涉及的内容较多，可以讲述发生在自己身上的事，自己所做的一件事情或是看到的事情。
命题的要求通常是要学生把这些事用语言进行简单描述。
该话题的命题形式通常采用“Guided Writing”和看图作文等形式。
涉及到日记、记叙文等文体。
写作时要注意正确使用时态，更加准确地表达内容。
【写作指导】1. 从时态上分析，讲述发生在过去的事情涉及到了多种时态，常用的有一般过去时，现在完成时、过去完成时和过去进行时等。
要根据短文内容选择使用。
2. 从文体上法分析，写日记要注意英语日记的格式，描述事件要突出要点，忌些写水账；写作记叙文，要写清事件发生的时间、地点、涉及的人物，事件发生的起因、过程和结果。
3. 叙事注意条理性，先做什么后做什么，句子可以加一些连接词如：and, then, because, so, if, since和when引导的从句等，以加强意思的前后衔接和转折。
【佳篇欣赏】AI Won't Be So Careless Again!One day I went out to play football with my friends. By the time I came back, I found I couldn't get in because I had left my key in the house before I left. But my parents were still on work then. What should I do? After a moment, I got an idea. I picked up a big stone and was ready to break the window. Suddenly there came a deep voice, "What are you doing?" I turned over and saw a policeman was behind me. It took me quite a long time to explain myself. I won't be so careless again.BTom usually wakes up at 6:45 in the morning. Today he was late. By the time he got up, it was already 7:45. He was worried. He put on his clothes quickly. Breakfast was ready. Mom told him to eat. He said he had no time for breakfast because he was late for school. Tom took his schoolbag and rode to school very fast. Soon he was at the school gate. But he couldn’t get in. It was closed. Then he realized it was Sunday.CMonday, May 12, 2007 Sunny This morning, I saw a blind man walking across the street on my way to school. A car was going to hit him. I ran up to him and pulled him back. The man was saved. I took him to the other side of the street. The man thanked me for doing that, but I didn’t wait for his thanks. I went to school at once. It was late. The first class had begun when I got to the classroom. After I told my teacher what had happened,” Well done, Liu Lin,” said the teacher with a smile.I feel happy today although I was late for class, because I have done a good thing.【重点结构和句型展示】A．原汁原味（课本重点结构和句型）1. By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 当我出门时，公共汽车已经开走了。
Unit10You’resupposedtoshakehands.九年级全册英语单元写作深度指导(人
Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.单元写作指导与演练近三年考情分析本单元话题是“风俗礼仪”，围绕这一话题谈论不同国家的礼仪，如见面礼仪、餐桌礼仪等，谈论在不同的场合应该做什么，了解不同国家的文化习俗。
要求同学们能简单介绍不同国家人们见面时的礼仪习俗及日常生活中的习俗。
最能体现本单元话题以及语言运用能力的作文为介绍不同国家风俗习惯的短文、书信或邮件等。
体裁：应用文(书信)；信的主体部分为说明文时态：一般现在时人称：回信主体内容是给别人提建议，所以应该以第二人称you为主。
【词汇积累】见面礼仪：custom, meet, visit, should, be different from, shake hands, be (not) supposed to, be expected to, first,second.then, finally smile and say “nihao", not kiss or hug, ·introduce younger ones to older ones, introduce men to women餐桌礼仪：start to eat until everyone is at the table, not start eating first if there are older people at the table, not stick your chopsticks into your food, lay your chopsticks on your plate or bowl, not point at anyone with your chopsticks,not make any noise when you eat your soup, not speak with your mouth full of food, not hit an empty bowl with your chopsticks, accept it when the host待客与做客礼仪：serve some fruit, offer some tea, receive the gift / present with two hands, not open the gift / present until the guests leave, use serving chopsticks or spoons to give out food call first before visiting your friend, knock on the door before entering the room, not leave without saying goodbye, arrive on time, bring some gifts /presents, express your thanks to the hosts when you leave【句式积累】1. It's polite to...2. It' s impolite / rude to ... ..3. You should/shouldn't...4. You' re (not) supposed to ...5. You' re (not) expected to ...6. It' s important to ...7.Don't...8.Never...9. Remember (not) to ...10. You' d better (not)...11.One important thing is that …12. Another example is that …13. Also, … / What’s more, / besides, / for example, if, when, although, so…【常用习语】When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。
人教版新目标英语九年级Unit 10 单元话题写作课件
C. 写作技能指导
本单元谈论的话题是风俗习惯和社会礼仪,使用三步法就各 地风俗提建议。1、总体介绍。可以用: They are different from
ours. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about ... . 2、分细节介绍。可以用: It is impolite ... ; You are (not) supposed to ...等。表示顺序可以用单词first, second, then, finally等。3、以祝福的话收尾。可以用:Have a good trip. / I’m looking forward to meeting you soon.等句子结尾。
件，说下个月要来中国，但她对中国的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪了 解甚少，于是向你寻求帮助，请你给他回一封电子邮件，告诉她有关中国 的风俗习惯、见面礼仪及餐桌礼仪的情况。
提示：1、风俗习惯的不同：中国人第一次见面时握手；2、见面时谈 论的内容；3、餐桌礼仪的不同：我们用筷子就餐；就餐时不能用筷子指 着别人；就餐时不可以多说话等。
初中英语单元话题作文 写作指导
话题：礼仪风俗(custom)
【课前任务】
一、写出下列短语。
1、一……就…… as soon as
3、在两边 on both sides of
5、顺便访问，随便进入
drop by 7、特地，格外努力
go out of one’s way
2、令人惊讶的是
to one’s surprise 4、珍惜时间
介绍风俗
Yours, Li Lin (已给出)
Discussion!
Practise writing
九年级人教版英语上册作业课件：Unit 10 单元同步作文指导(共13张PPT)
• 2、gladly would learn, and gladly teach.勤于学习的人才能乐意施教。 • 3、is not the filling of a pail but the lighting of a fire. • 4、好的教师是让学生发现真理，而不只是传授知识。 • 5、be unboun than untaught, for ignorance is the root of misfortune与其不受教育，不知不生，因为无知是不幸的根源
。
6、does not mean teaching people to kow what they do not know ; it means teachng them to behave as they do not b ehave. 教育不在于使人知其所未知，而在于按其所未行而行。2021年11月下午9时56分21.11.2321:56November 23, 2021
• 7、is a progressive discovery of our ignorance.教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。2021年11月23日星期二9时56分9秒 21:56:0923 November 2021
• 8、is a admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing worth knowing can be taught. 教育是令人羡慕的东西，但是要不时地记住：凡是值得知道的，没有一个是能够教会的。下午9时56分9秒下午9时56分21:56:09 21.11.23
人教9年级英语全册作业课件：unit 10单元同步作文指导(共16张PPT)
• 2、gladly would learn, and gladly teach.勤于学习的人才能乐意施教。 • 3、is not the filling of a pail but the lighting of a fire. • 4、好的教师是让学生发现真理，而不只是传授知识。 • 5、be unboun than untaught, for ignorance is the root of misfortune与其不受教育，不知不生，因为无知是不幸的根源
Байду номын сангаас
• 7、is a progressive discovery of our ignorance.教育是一个逐步发现自己无知的过程。2021年11月23日星期二11时9分1秒 23:09:0123 November 2021
• 8、is a admirable thing, but it is well to remember from time to time that nothing worth knowing can be taught. 教育是令人羡慕的东西，但是要不时地记住：凡是值得知道的，没有一个是能够教会的。下午11时9分1秒下午11时9分23:09:01 21.11.23
。
6、does not mean teaching people to kow what they do not know ; it means teachng them to behave as they do not b ehave. 教育不在于使人知其所未知，而在于按其所未行而行。2021年11月下午11时9分21.11.2323:09November 23, 2021
新突破人教新目标(山西专用)英语九年级上册单元主题写作十
Dear Tom， _________________________________________________ __ _________________________________________________ __ _________________________________________________ __ _________________________________________________
Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands.
单元主题写作十
Unit 10 You're supposed to shake hands.
单元主题写作十
写作目标 写作指导 写作实战
写作目标
本单元主要谈论不同国家的风俗习惯。要求同学们了解在 不同的国家，人们第一次见面时如何相互问候、不同国家的餐桌 礼仪及恰当的行为举止等。