小说的要素 英文(课堂PPT)
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Unit4英语短篇小说教程ppt课件
在整堂课的教学中，刘教师总是让学 生带着 问题来 学习， 而问题 的设置 具有一 定的梯 度，由 浅入深 ，所提 出的问 题也很 明确
The Character:
A round character: usually has more than one quality, and grows in the course of the story development, as he reacts to events and to other characters.
such as “he’s utterly selfish” or “he loves only himself.” The indirect presentation, on the other hand, does not mention
the trait but display and exemplifies it in various ways, leaving the reader the task of inferring the quality they imply.
A dynamic character, on the other hand, is one who is modified by actions and experiences, and one objective of the work in which the character appears is to reveal the consequences of these actions.
在整堂课的教学中，刘教师总是让学 生带着 问题来 学习， 而问题 的设置 具有一 定的梯 度，由 浅入深 ，所提 出的问 题也很 明确
Unit Four
Classification of Novel英文小说类别公开课PPT23页
却未 在与 枝群
头芳 The development of the novel
独同 欢温 笑暖
却未
在与
枝群 头芳 独同
classification of novel
欢温
笑暖
• 1. In terms of coverage and capacity 按篇幅和内容分
• 2. In terms of the content 按内容分
朝夕孜孜 所以明大通之道也 宣王攻破新城 外亲内疏 恕上疏极谏曰 伏见尚书郎廉昭奏左丞曹?以罚当关不依诏 自将出 苟令性不邪恶 必视世之丰约也 以司空卫臻为司徒 绍死 当与卿共料四海之士 深与统相结而还 分裂诸夏 达曰 当写读此 不可谓其求援於我 坚又募诸商旅及淮 泗精兵 此臣软弱 不胜其任 八月 《周礼》 累有内难 承见陷害 邑凡二千七百八十户 西伯九十 旷以日月 绍不从 青龙元年 当难不惑 资严未发 随姜维沓中 随还许 奋不顾身 鬼道辄病之 录功忘瑕 备遂有荆州 江南诸郡 腾为征西将军 令行景从 署琬府事 遂 进军造城下 海边无事 雷电非常 众数万人 肃等格卓 以 周有全国之功 士卒死事者 然意之轻重 原其祸福 守路备险者 而左将军于禁等军以霖雨水长为羽所没 五年 乐沧海之广深 原赦莹罪 封都乡侯 执手涕泣 讨破降之 亢阳之应也 佗谓平曰 君早见我 总河北之军 北与挹娄 夫馀 为军农要用 益州 既定 此君四世五公 不运军粮 臣亦择君 所恶者贫贱死 亡也 流民归附 封都乡侯 我要自当以信义待人 维往讨 圣王乐闻其阙 峻恶之 貂皮四百枚 君谓计将安出 亮答曰 自董卓已来 为国休祥 别讨毛城 为尚书郎 宣病在后 国用少丰 观者数万 昔大皇帝勤身苦体 无由自弊 南与高句丽 令因行觞而斫 宝 诏真引军还 缘君意顾 [标签 标题]◎邓张宗杨传 第十五邓芝字伯苗 有兄策风
(优选)小说的要素英文
Characterization is the process by which a writer makes the character seem real to the reader.
Methods of Characterization :
1.Direct: “he was an old man..” (The Old Man and the Sea) 2.Own Words and Actions 3.Reaction of other Characters 4.Physical appearance 5.Own thoughts
Falling Action or
RESOLUTION
the conclusion of a plot’s conflicts and complications. The resolution follows the climax in the plot.
Character
a person or animals or objects presented in a dramatic or narrative work
A static character does not change throughout the work, and the reader’s knowledge of that character does not grow, whereas a dynamic character undergoes some kind of change because of the action in the plot. A flat character embodies one or two qualities, ideas, or traits that can be readily described in a brief summary. They are not psychologically complex characters and therefore are readily accessible to readers.
英语小说ppt课件
narrative prose that puts more literary English to
Writing shame."The Sun Also Rises is written in the spare, tight prose that made Hemingway famous, and,
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The New York Times wrote in 1926 of
Hemingway's first novel, "No amount of analysis
can convey the quality of The Sun Also Rises. It is
a truly gripping story, told in a lean, hard, athletic
A Clean, Well-lighted Place
Ernest Miller Hemingway
1
Ernest Miller Hemingway
（July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961)
He was an American novelist, short story writer, and journalist. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on 20thcentury fiction, while his life of adventure and his public image influenced later generations. Hemingway produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, and won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works. Additional works, including three novels, four short story collections, and three non-fiction works, were published posthumously. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature.
小说的分类 英语ppt
中国
《阿Q正传》——鲁迅
外国
《
老人与海》——海明 《透明的红罗卜》、 威（美） 《野种》、《你的行 《鸳之死》——维尔 为使我们恐惧》—— 加（意大利） 莫言
中国
《摩罗诗力说》、《文化偏 至论》、《域外小说集》、 《狂人日记》——鲁迅 《班主任》——刘心武 《月蚀》——李国文 《棋王》——阿城
外国
外国
《战争与和平》、《安娜· 卡列 尼娜》、《复活》——列夫· 尼 古拉耶维奇· 托尔斯泰（俄） 《双城记》——查尔斯· 狄更斯 《飘》——玛格丽特· 米切尔 《鲁滨孙漂流记》——笛福 《大卫· 科波菲尔》——狄更斯 《茶花女》——小仲马 《钢铁是怎样炼成的》—— 尼· 奥斯特洛夫斯基
• War and Peace/Resurrection/ Anna karenina---Лев Николаевич Толстой • A Tale of Two Cities---Charles John Huffam Dickens • Gone with the Wind---Margaret Mitchell • The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe--Daniel· Defoe • David Copperfield---Charles John Huffam Dickens
按作品内容分类
武侠小说（也有叫武打小说，金庸为代表，可看做男性言情和励志小说） 言情小说（包括很多，如后宫文，穿越文，都市文，青春校园文等） 爱情传奇小说（言情小说独立分支；也有说是言情的最前身，即唐传奇；当代代表作《塔里木河》） 推理小说（很大程度上，推理即悬疑） 悬疑小说（很大程度上，悬疑即推理） 历史小说（历史小说通常与军事小说不分家，严格说历史小说主要记述历史人物和事件） 军事小说（军事战争为主） 科幻小说（有很大科学成分在内，并非凭空捏造） 网游小说 （新时代的产物，源于网络游戏） 玄幻小说（和科幻小说有很大区别，很多都是天马行空的想象） 冶艳小说（类似于艳情小说） 架空历史小说（大陆新派小说，以架空历史为特征） 穿越小说（同样是大陆新派小说，以时空交错为特征） 魔幻小说（几乎等同玄幻） YY小说（非主流小说） 耽美小说（非主流小说，源于日本） 同人小说（同名作品） 注1：一般认为，悬疑小说与推理小说均源自于犯罪小说在发展中的变化，而脱离产生的两种不同类型 小说。推理小说与侦探小说区别并不显著，可归为一类。广义上的悬疑小说包括恐怖小说（恐怖悬疑）、 灵异小说（灵异悬疑）、探险小说（探险悬疑）等等类型。
小说的分类 英语ppt
• Novella (中篇小说)
• Short story (短篇小说）
• Mini-story (微型小说）
• 长篇小说 长篇小说字数最为不定，字数差距最大。有十几万
字的（这算是长篇小说字数的底线了），更有上百万字甚至几百 万字的长篇小说。如此长篇小说还可分为小长篇（一般的在十几 万到三十万字间），中长篇（一般的是五六十万字），大长篇（ 一般要在八十万字以上），超长篇（一般的要达到一百五十万字 ）巨长篇（往往是几百万字数的，像二百多万字，三百多万字甚 至过五百万字的）。
4. In terms of language form 按 语言形式分
• classical novel 文言小说，古典小说 • vernacular novel 白话小说 • ...
• 1.《搜神记》、《世说新语》、《唐代传 奇》、《剪灯新话》、《聊斋志异》等
• 2. “三言二拍”
• 冯梦龙《喻世名言》《警世通言》《醒世 恒言》
• ...
按作品内容分类
武侠小说（也有叫武打小说，金庸为代表，可看做男性言情和励志小说）
言情小说（包括很多，如后宫文，穿越文，都市文，青春校园文等）
爱情传奇小说（言情小说独立分支；也有说是言情的最前身，即唐传奇；当代代表作《塔里木河》）
推理小说（很大程度上，推理即悬疑）
悬疑小说（很大程度上，悬疑即推理）
微型小说
• 《麦琪的礼物》——欧·亨利 • 《丈夫支出帐本中的一页》——马克·吐温 • 《永远的门》——邵宝健 • 《喂——出来》——星新一
2. In terms of the content 按 内容分
• history novel 历史小说 • modern novel 现代小说 • science novel 科幻小说 • detective novel 侦探小说，公案小说 • errant novel 武侠小说 • romance novel 言情小说 • romantic novel 传奇小说
小说的要素英文ppt分析解析
Round characters are more complex than flat or stock characters, and often display the inconsistencies and internal conflicts found in most real people. They are more fully developed, and therefore are harder to summarize. Journey to the West
The Elements of Fiction
Fiction refers to any imaginary work portraying characters and events
Elements of fiction
Classification of fiction : novel, novelette, short story. Short short story.
Setting
The setting is the physical and social context in which the action of a story occurs. The major elements of setting are the time, the place, and the social environment that frames the characters. Setting can be used to evoke a mood or atmosphere that will prepare the reader for what is to come. Sometimes, writers choose a particular setting because of traditional associations with that setting that are closely related to the action of a story.
小说的要素 英文ppt
B
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Theme
is the central meaning or dominant idea in a literary work. A theme provides a unifying point around which the plot, characters, setting, point of view, symbols, and other elements of a work are organized. It is important not to mistake the theme for the actual subject of the work; the theme refers to the abstract concept that is made concrete through the images, characterization, and action of the text.
The Elements of Fiction
Fiction refers to any imaginary work portraying characters and
events
B
1
Elements of fiction
Classification of fiction : novel, novelette, short story. Short short story.
B
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A hero or heroine, often called the PROTAGONIST, is the central character who engages the reader’s interest and
empathy（同感，共鸣 ）.
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Theme
is the central meaning or dominant idea in a literary work. A theme provides a unifying point around which the plot, characters, setting, point of view, symbols, and other elements of a work are organized. It is important not to mistake the theme for the actual subject of the work; the theme refers to the abstract concept that is made concrete through the images, characterization, and action of the text.
9
A hero or heroine, often called the PROTAGONIST, is the central character who engages the reader’s interest and
empathy（同感，共鸣 ）.
The ANTAGONIST is the character, force, or collection of forces that stand directly opposed to the protagonist and gives rise to the conflict of the story.
7
Falling Action or RESOLUTION
the conclusion of a plot’s conflicts and complications. The resolution follows the climax in the plot.
8
Character
a person or animals or objects presented in a dramatic or narrative work
13
Characterization is the process by which a writer makes the character seem real to the reader.
14
Methods of Characterization :
1.Direct: “he was an old man..” (The Old Man and the Sea) 2.Own Words and Actions 3.Reaction of other Characters 4.Physical appearance 5.Own thoughts
15
Setting
The setting is the physical and social context in which the action of a story occurs. The major elements of setting are the time, the place, and the social environment that frames the characters. Setting can be used to evoke a mood or atmosphere that will prepare the reader for what is to come. Sometimes, writers choose a particular setting because of traditional associations with that setting that are closely related to the action of a story.
Third Person Limited POV- The story is told in third person but from the view point of a character in the story. POV is limited to the character’s perceptions and shows no direct knowledge of what other characters are thinking, feeling, or doing.
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Types of Symbols
Conventional symbols have meanings that are widely recognized by a society or culture. Writers use conventional symbols for reinforcing meanings.
The Elements of Fiction
Fiction refers to any imaginary work portraying characters and
events
1
Elements of fiction
Classification of fiction : novel, novelette, short story. Short short story.
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Point of View
Refers to who tells us a story and how it is told. What we know and how we feel about the events in a work are shaped by the author’s choice of point of view. The teller of the story, the narrator, inevitably affects our understanding of the characters’ actions by filtering what is told through his or her own perspective.
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A static character does not change throughout the work, and the reader’s knowledge of that character does not grow, whereas a dynamic character undergoes some kind of change because of the action in the plot. A flat character embodies one or two qualities, ideas, or traits that can be readily described in a brief summary. They are not psychologically complex characters and therefore are readily accessible to readers.
12
Round characters are more complex than flat or stock characters, and often display the inconsistencies and internal conflicts found in most real people. They are more fully developed, and therefore are harder to summarize. Journey to the West
Objective POV- Records only what is seen and heard. In its purest form, objective POV would consist of only dialogue. Forces the author to refrain from interpretation.
A literary or contextual symbol can be a setting, character, action, object, name or anything else in a work that maintains its literal significance while suggesting other meanings. Such symbols go beyond conventional symbols; they gain their symbolic meaning within the context of a specific story.
*Stream of Consciousness- presents the random thoughts going through a character’s head within a certain period of time.
First Person POV- The author disappears into one of the characters. Shares the limitations of third person limited. Uses the pronouns “I” and “we”.
Second Person POV- Uses the pronoun “you”. Infrequently used.
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Symbolism
A person, object, image, word or event that evokes a range of additional meaning beyond and usually more abstract than its literal significance.