2011考研英语写作素材

2011考研英语写作素材目录：考研作文写作素材：赞成广告论考研作文写作素材：视觉(Vision)考研作文写作素材：大学生的压力(College Pressure)考研英语作文素材：父母过于娇纵孩子考研作文写作素材：Qualities Employer Seek考研作文写作素材：如何减少压力(How to Reduce Stress)考研作文写作素材：留学(Studying Abroad)考研作文写作素材：学校教育考研作文写作素材：电信(Telecommuting)考研作文写作素材：戏剧(Drama)考研作文写作素材：赞成广告论Money spent on advertising is money well spent. It assists a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable prices. It draws attention to new ideas and so helps enormously to raise standards of living.By helping to increase the demand for goods, it increases the number of workers needed to supply the goods and,therefore, provides employment. It helps to pay for many services. Without advertisements, your daily newspaper would cost a dollar or more, the price of your television license would need to be doubled, and travel by bus would cost more.Perhaps most important of all, advertising helps to keep up the quality of the products and services you buy. No regular advertiser dare offer a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising.He will not do so for ong; for the public has the good sense not to buy the poor uality article more than once. If I see an article advertised, it s the surest proof I know that the article does what is claimed for it, and that it is of good value.There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently, I heard a well-known television personality declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. This is hair-splitting. Of course advertising seeks to persuade. If it only gave information, advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television personality wants.lam prepared to make just one admission to the opponents of advertising. Not every advertisement is a good one.Some advertisements are silly. Some are pointless though not very many. Pick up the nearest magazine or newspaper and count the advertisements that really offend you. And then count the advertisements that, in some degree, interest you, or give you pleasure. And be honest!考研作文写作素材：视觉(Vision)Human vision like that of other primates has evolved in an arboreal environment. In the dense complex world of a tropical forest, it is more important to see well that to develop an acute sense of smell. In the course of evolution members of the primate line have acquired large eyes while the snout has shrunk to give the eye an unimpeded view.Of mammals only humans and some primates enjoy color vision. The red flag is black to the bull. Horses live in a monochrome world .light visible to human eyes however occupies only a very narrow band in the whole electromagnetic spectrum.Ultraviolet rays are invisible to humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them. Humans though ants and honeybees are sensitive to them. Humans have no direct perception ofinfrared rays unlike the rattlesnake which has receptors tuned into wavelengths longer than 0.7 micron.The world would look eerily different if human eyes were sensitive to infrared radiation. Then instead of the darkness of night, we would be able to move easily in a strange shadowless world where objects glowed with varying degrees of intensity. But human eyes excel in other ways.They are in fact remarkably discerning in color gradation. The color sensitivity of normal human vision is rarely surpassed even by sophisticated technical devices.考研作文写作素材：大学生的压力(College Pressure)see two kinds of pressure working on college students today: economic pressure, parental pressure. It is easy to look around for rebels-- to blame the colleges for charging too much money, the parents for pushing their children too far. But there are no rebels, only victims.The pressure is heavy on students who just want to graduate and get a job. If I were an employer I would rather employ graduates who have this range and curiosity than those who narrowly pursued safe subjects and high grades. I know incalculable students whose inquiring minds cheer me. I like to hear the play of their ideas. I don‘t know if they are getting A or C, and I don‘t care. I also like them as people. The country needs them, and they will find satisfying jobs. I tell them to relax. They can‘t.Nor can I blame them. They live in a brutal economy.Today it is not unusual for a student, even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer, to increase to 5, 000 in loans after graduation. Encouraged at commencemerit to go forth into the world, he is already behind as he goes forth. How could he not feel under pressure throughout college to prepare for this day of reckoning?Along with economic pressure goes parental pressure.Inevitably, the two are deeply integrated.Poor students! They are caught in one of the oldest webs of love and duty and guilt. The parents mean well: they are trying to steer their sons and daughters toward a secure future. But the sons and daughters want to major in history or classics or philosophy-- subjects with no "practical" value.Where‘s the payoff on the humanities? It‘s not easy to persuade such loving parents that the humanities do indeed pay off. The intellectual faculties developed by studying subjects like history and classics are just the faculties that make creative leaders in business or almost any general field.Luckily for me, most of them got into their field by an indirect route, to their surprise, after many roundabout ways.The students are startled. They can hardly conceive of a career that was not preplanned. They can hardly imagine allowing the hand of God or chance to nudge them down some unforeseen trail.考研英语作文素材：父母过于娇纵孩子父母过于娇纵孩子(Parents Are too Permissive with Their Children Nowadays)The child‘s happiness is al I-important, the psychologists say, but what about the parents‘happiness? Parents suffer constantly from fear and guilt while their children gaily romp about pulling the place apart.A good old-fashioned spanking is out of the question: no modern child-rearing manual would permit such barbarity. The trouble is you are not allowed even to shout. Who knows what dccp psychological wounds you might inflict? Certainly a child needs love, and a lot of it. But the excessive permissiveness of modern parents is surely doing more harm than good.Lax authority over the years makes adolescent rebellion against parents all the more violent.If the young people are going to have a party, for instance, parents are asked to leave the house. Their presence merely spoils the fun. What else can the poor parents do but obey?Children are hardy creatures (far hardier than the psychologists would have us believe) and most of them survive the harmful influence of extreme permissiveness which is the normal condition in the modern household. But a great many do not. The spread of juvenile delinquencyin our own age islargely due to parental laxity.The psychologists have much to answer for. They should keep their mouths shut and let parents get on with the job.And if children are knocked about a little bit in the process, it may not really matter too much.At least this will help them to develop vigorous views of their own and give them something positive to react against. Perhaps there‘s some truth in the idea that children who‘ve had an excess of happiness in their childhood fail to make a success of life.考研作文写作素材： Qualities Employer SeekKnowing what an employer is looking for in a potential employee can help an applicant to prepare for an interview.An interviewer for a major corporation was asked these questions: What specific skills are you looking for in applicants?And how do you identify these skills? He responded:Most important for us in the way of skills is the ability to communicate Can people speak clearly? Can they articulate the kind of person they believe themselves to be? In what kind of work situations do they perform well?What are their strengths and weaknesses? We want to know about the personal qualities of the individual, so I try to ask questions to draw them but and attempt to find out if they have a sense of themselves. If they do have good communication skills, they will be able to do this logically and concisely.I am looking for creativity Can they be instinctive? I will ask some "off-the-wall" questions just to see if this throws them. How do they respond in these tough situations can they be creative with their answers? This is very important when they are out in business situations with customers.They will have to respond to very sudden changes and problem-solving situations that they are not necessarily familiar with, and I want to know if they can handle them.What we look for the most are personal qualities assertiveness, self-motivation, drive, ambition, and a competitive instinct.They should be high achievers and want to work hard. I can usually tell about these qualities from the way the person presents himself or herself and some of the activities they have engaged in.I pick up things from the applications and resume how they have written them and the kinds of things they say. How they present their experiences is often very informative. For example, an assertive person will say, "1 can do these things"and "1 decided on this course of action,"whereas a more passive person might say, "These are the experiences I have had. "All of these things describe the person in some way.考研作文写作素材：如何减少压力(How to Reduce Stress)Stress is an inevitable part in our normal life. Many kinds of things, such as natural disasters, war and death can cause too much stress in our life. But according to a psychologist, on a day-to-day basis, stress may result from the small things: taking an exam, waiting in line, and having too many things to do in a limited time.We all need stress to add flavor, challenge, and opportunity to life, but too much stress can seriously affect our physical and mental well-being, It reduces the body‘s immunity and harms the brain, If the stress lasts a long time, it may cause physical illness, insomnia, headaches, backaches,ulcers, high blood pressure-even heart disease.When stress does occur, it‘s important to recognize and deal with it. There ore some methods we can try. A large number of physical activities can reduce onxiety. Shoring our stress with others can be enormously helpful. Making time for fun such os listening to music may be good medicine. Sometimes even crying is on efficient way to releose stress.考研作文写作素材：留学(Studying Abroad)Nowadays many Chinese students are interested in studying abroad. They spend much more time, energy and money on the preparation for studying abroad than on their own majors in college. And some of them even begin to prepare for GRE and TOFEL at the beginning of their college life.Why are they so over-enthusiastic about studying abroad? One of the reasons may be that they prefer a different style of life, which can open a new world to them and help enrich their experiences. Moreover, he or she will become a multi-cultural person.Secondly, they can improve their foreign language quickly, and thus they are likely to get a good job. Lastly, better laboratory equipment and large amounts of information may be another attraction for many students.However, as everything has two sides, there are also some problems in attending a foreign university such as language barrier, lack of knowledge of the local culture, etc. Therefore, misunderstandings often arise, in addition, the cost of living is so high that the students have to find part-time jobs in order to help support themselves. This may cause them not to pay full attention to their studies and fail in their courses and learn little.As for met, I would like to study abroad in the future. But the cost is too high for me to afford, so I will work for several years in China after graduation, Then I think I will be better prepared not only in finance but also in experiences, so that I may catch an opportunity to study abroad.考研作文写作素材：学校教育It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning.The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions.People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one‘s entire life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on.The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.考研作文写作素材：电信(Telecommuting)elecommuting-- substituting the computer for the trip to the job ----has been hailed as a solution toall kinds of problems related to office work.For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commutes, allows periods of solitude for high-concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility.In some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, Washington, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion and improve air quality.But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images.Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New Y ork City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child; she hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.Management too must separate the myth from the reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting in most cases it is the employee‘s situation, not the availability of technology that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement.That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.考研作文写作素材：戏剧(Drama)There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The on most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers.Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used, Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearingmasks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.Another theory traces the theater‘s origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this vies tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.。