高一必修一期中考试卷(人教版)
2024-2025学年人教版高一英语上册期中同步自测试卷及答案
2024-2025学年人教版高一英语上册期中同步自测试卷班级：________________ 学号：________________ 姓名：______________一、听力题（每题3分）1.Question: What is the woman’s favorite sport?A. Basketball.B. Swimming.C. Volleyball.Answer: BExplanation: The recording mentions that the woman enjoys swimming, indicating that swimming is her favorite sport.2.Question: Where is the man planning to go for his vacation?A. Paris.B. Rome.C. London.Answer: AExplanation: The man says he is looking for travel packages to Paris, indicating his vacation destination is Paris.3.Question: What time does the train leave for New York?A. 8:30 am.B. 9:15 am.C. 10:00 am.Answer: BExplanation:The recording states that the train to New York departs at 9:15 am.4.Question: How many apples did the boy buy?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.Answer: AExplanation: The boy says he only has enough money for two apples.5.Question: What is the weather like today?A. Sunny.B. Rainy.C. Cloudy.Answer: BExplanation:The recording mentions that it’s raining heavily outside, indicating that today’s weather is rainy.二、单选题（每题3分）1.— What do you think of the concert last night?Wonderful! It couldn’t have been _________.A. a better oneB. a worse oneC. the best oneD. the worst oneAnswer: A2.The teacher_________the students to hand in their homework on time.A. requestedB. hopedC. wishedD. suggestedAnswer: A3.It was the third time that he_________to the Summer Palace.A. had goneB. had beenC. wentD. has beenAnswer: B4.The young man insisted that he_________nothing wrong and_________free.A. did; should be setB. had done; must be setC. had done; should be setD. did; must be setAnswer: C5.The old man_________in the small village for more than 50 years.A. has livedB. had livedC. livedD. livesAnswer: A三、多选题（每题4分）Question 1:Which of the following sentences are correct in grammar? (Choose two.)A. He said that he had finished his homework.B. She will have been studying for three hours by then.C. They had been married for twenty years before they separated.D. We will have to finish the project in the next two weeks.Answers: A, CExplanation:A. Uses the past perfect tense correctly to refer to an action that wascompleted before another past action.C. Uses the past perfect continuous tense correctly to refer to an actionthat had been ongoing for a period of time before another past action.Question 2:Match the following definitions with their respective words. (Choose two.)A. A long and serious illness.B. To prevent something from happening.C. A strong feeling of anger or hatred.D. A person who studies the stars and planets.1) Resentment2) Chronic3) Astronomer4) PreventAnswers: 1) C, 2) A, 3) D, 4) BExplanation:1) Resentment - A strong feeling of anger or hatred.2) Chronic - A long and serious illness.3) Astronomer - A person who studies the stars and planets.4) Prevent - To prevent something from happening.Question 3:Identify the parts of speech of the underlined words in the sentences. (Choose two.)A. The cat is playing with its ball.B. She sang beautifully at the concert.C. I am reading a book about history.D. He quickly finished his homework.Answers: B (verb), C (verb)Explanation:B. “Sang” is a verb (past tense of “sing”).C. “Reading” is a verb (present continuous tense of “read”). Question 4:Complete the sentence with the correct idiom. (Choose two.)A. To put offB. To call offC. To take offD. To set offThe match was_______due to bad weather.Answers: B, DExplanation:B. “To call off” can mean to cancel an event or appointment.D. “To set off” can also be used in the context of canceling or postponing an event, especially due to bad weather. However, it is less common than “to call off” in this sense. Both are accept able answers.Question 5:Identify the subject-verb agreement errors in the sentences. (Choose two.)A. The committee has made a decision.B. He have gone to the market.C. They is ready for the exam.D. She doesn’t likes the color.Answers: B, CExplanation:B. “He” is a singular subject, so the verb should be “has” instead of“have”.C. “They” is a plural subject, so the verb should be “are” instead of“is”.四、阅读理解（每题4分）Title: The Benefits of Reading for High School StudentsReading is a crucial activity for high school students, not only for academic success but also for personal growth. With the increasing demands of the modern world, it hasbecome even more important to cultivate a strong reading habit. Here are somebenefits of reading for high school students.Firstly, reading improves vocabulary and language skills. By reading various texts,students encounter new words and expressions, which they can then use in their own writing and speaking. This not only enriches their language but also makes them more confident in expressing themselves.Secondly, reading enhances comprehension abilities. As students read more, they learn to analyze and interpret text, understanding the author’s perspective and the intended message. This skill is crucial in all academic subjects and for everyday life.Thirdly, reading fosters critical thinking. When reading, students are challenged toquestion, evaluate, and analyze the information presented. This process sharpens theirability to think critically, an essential skill for problem-solving and decision-making. Lastly, reading provides a window to different cultures and perspectives. Through books, students can travel to faraway places, meet diverse characters, and gain insights into different ways of life. This broadens their horizons and cultivates empathy and understanding.Questions1.What is the main purpose of the passage? (4 points)Answer: To discuss the benefits of reading for high school students.2.According to the passage, what is one of the key benefits of reading forhigh school students? (4 points)Answer: It improves vocabulary and language skills.3.How does reading enhance comprehension abilities? (4 points)Answer: By learning to analyze and interpret text, understanding the author’s perspective and the intended message.4.What skill does reading foster that is essential for problem-solving anddecision-making? (4 points)Answer: Critical thinking.5.What does reading provide high school students with according to thepassage? (4 points)Answer: A window to different cultures and perspectives.五、作文（30分）Section V: Writing (30 points)Topic: The Importance of Perseverance in Achieving GoalsDirections: Write an essay of at least 150 words on the importance of perseverance in achieving goals. You may use your own experiences or examples from others to illustrate your point.Example Essay:In today’s fast-paced world, perseverance often serves as the key to unlocking the door to success. Achieving goals, whether academic,professional, or personal, requires unwavering dedication and resilience.I personally have witnessed the power of perseverance in my journey to mastera foreign language. Initially, the task seemed daunting, with its complexgrammar rules and vast vocabulary. However, through consistent effort and perseverance, I gradually overcame these challenges. Each day, I dedicated myself to reading, listening, and speaking, never giving up despite the difficulties. Over time, my efforts paid off, and I found myself fluent in the language.This experience taught me that perseverance is not just about enduring hardship; it’s about turning challenges into opportunities. It’s about believing in oneself, even when the going gets tough. In conclusion, perseverance is a vital trait for anyone aspiring to achieve their goals, as it transforms dreams into realities.(Note: This is a sample essay to illustrate the structure and content of the writing task. Students should write their own essays based on their own experiences and insights.)。
高一语文必修(1)期中考试题及答案 人教版高一必修一
高一语文必修（1）期中考试题及答案人教版高一必修一高一语文必修（1）期中考试题(说明：全卷总分100分，考试时间120分钟，)一、基础知识（12分，每小题2分）1、下列各组词语中加点字读音全都正确的一项是：A、叨天（dāo）恓惶（qīhuáng）夤缘（yín）相濡以沫（r ú）B、戕灭（qiāng）聒噪（guō）戏谑（xuè）蜚声国际（f ēi）C、夙昔（sù）衣袂（jué）云翳（yì）含情脉脉（màim ài）D、亘古（gèn）熨帖（yù）桎梏（gù）烟波浩淼（miǎo）2、下列各句中没有错别字的一句是：A、他的外表整洁和内心有条理是一致的，人们从来没有看到他有过烦燥不安的表情。
B、纵观世界文学，最为悲壮、高亢的诗文，往往是在人生最激烈、惨痛的漩涡里分免。
C、一个人，出生了，这就不再是一个可以辨论的问题，而只是上帝交给他的一个事实。
D、但我直到几十年以后，才体会到云彩更多，霞光才愈美丽。
从云翳中外露的霞光，才是璀璨多彩的。
3、下列各句中标点符号的使用正确的一项是：A、到底哪里是安徒生写作的地方？哪里是他父亲的皮鞋作坊？已经没法弄清了。
B、我不明白为什么？我倒真是越来越依恋他。
C、据说，在一千万只昆虫中才能发现一只这样的变异品种，自然是“物以希为贵。
”D、但我以为这恰是到了好处——酣眠固不可少，小睡也别有风味的。
4、下列各句中成语的使用正确的一项是：A、万万没想到我还有一个我自己不知道的，牵不断、割不断的耿耿于怀的家。
B、仿古建筑虽然也是雕梁画栋、黄瓦红墙，但是缺少基本的古建筑常识，不伦不类，令人贻笑大方。
C、这老爷子对今天的一切都看不顺眼，成天慨叹着人心不古，世风日下。
D、当一名人质实在太累了太紧张了太朝三暮四了。
5、下列各句中没有语病的一项是：A、那是一个热闹的季节，也是一个风流的季节。
新人教版高一生物必修一期中考试试卷(附答案及答题卡)
新人教版高一生物必修一期中考试试卷（附答案及答题卡）I卷（50分）一、选择题（本大题共25小题，每题2分，共50分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的，请将正确答案填写在答题卷中）1、第一道题可能少部分同学需要冥思苦想，此时进行这一活动最小结构单位是（）A.血液B.神经细胞C.大脑D.神经系统2、我们在初中学过有关病毒的知识，下列各项不属于病毒特点的是( )A．它是一种生物 B．不能独立生活C．具有细胞结构 D．由蛋白质组成的衣壳和核酸组成3、用显微镜观察洋葱鳞基表皮的同一部位，应选择下列哪种目镜和物镜的组合，才会使视野内所看到的细胞数目最多？ ( )A、目镜5×，物镜10×B、目镜10×，物镜100×C、目镜15×，物镜40×D、目镜10×，物镜40×4、用低倍镜观察根尖细胞分裂图像时，发现某分裂细胞处在视野的右上方，要把它移到视野中央，装片移动方向是 ( )A．左上方 B．右上方 C．左下方 D．右下方5、组成人肝脏细胞的化合物中，含量最多的化合物和含量最多的有机物分别是 ( )A．水、蛋白质 B．水、糖类 C．蛋白质、核酸 D．核酸、水6、下列关于酶的叙述，正确的是（）A.酶的化学本质都是蛋白质B.酶是活细胞产生的，只能在生物体内发挥作用C.酶是具有分泌功能产生的D.绝大多数酶的化学本质是蛋白质，少数酶是RNA7、由2条肽链构成的蛋白质分子，共有51个氨基酸，其失去水分子数及形成肽键数目分别为( )A．51和51 B．50和50 C．50和49 D．49和498、下列哪一组物质是DNA的组成成分： ( )A．脱氧核糖、核酸和磷酸 B．脱氧核糖、碱基和磷酸C．核糖、碱基和磷酸 D．核糖、嘧啶、嘌呤和磷酸9、染色体的主要成分是 ( )A．DNA和糖类 B．DNA和蛋白质 C．RNA和糖类 D．RNA和蛋白质10、胰岛素和性激素都是生物激素，它们的化学本质分别是 ( )A．蛋白质和脂肪 B．脂类和蛋白质C．蛋白质和固醇 D．磷脂和蛋白质11、一头耕牛突发生肌肉抽搐,可能跟血液中哪种离子的含量过低有关: ( )A.Mg2+B.PO4 3-C.Cl-D.Ca2+12、下列结构中，不含磷脂的细胞器是 ( )A．线粒体和中心体 B．核糖体和溶酶体C．高尔基体和内质网 D．核糖体和中心体13、下列对叶绿体、线粒体叙述错误的是 ( )A．都与能量的转换有关 B．真核细胞中二者总是同时存在C．都有双层膜结构 D．都有少量的DNA14．下列哪项不是细胞膜的重要功能( )A．具有保护细胞的作用 B．与细胞的物质交换关系密切C．与细胞的遗传有重要关系 D．与细胞识别、分泌、排泄、免疫等有密切关系15．在处理污水时，人们设计出一种膜结构，有选择地将重金属离子阻挡在膜的一侧，以降低重金属离子对水的污染。
人教版高中生物必修一期中考试试卷
人教版高中生物必修一期中考试试卷说明：本试卷共两大部分，满分100分，考试时间为120分钟。
第一部分选择题（共50分）一、单项选择题（共30题，每题1分）1. 铁原子的电子构型是（）A. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²B. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p¹⁰4s²3d⁶C. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s²D. 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d⁸2. 植物的优势器官是（）A. 根B. 茎C. 叶D. 花3. 下列植物哪些属于喜光植物?①西红柿②常春藤③香蕉A. ①、②B. ①、③C. ②、③D. ①、②、③4. 下列淀粉质部分的降解产物不包括（）A. 葡萄糖B. 麦芽糖C. 果糖D. 乳糖5. 以下物质中，能够被人体直接吸收利用的是（）A. 纤维素B. 蛋白质C. 淀粉D. 脂肪6. 鸟类的退化形态是（）A. 羽毛B. 爪C. 翅膀D. 鸟喙7. 与孢子无关的是（）A. 内生菌根B. 外生菌根C. 根瘤菌根D. 球菌菌根8. 启动子不包括（）A. 选位点B. 倒换区C. 加强元件D. 增强子9. 下面哪个激素的作用不属于由离体试验测出的激素?（）A. 赤霉素B. 生长素C. 细胞分裂素D. 视黄酮10. 内质网的主要功能不包括（）A. 糖的降解B. 糖的合成C. 脂类的合成D. 蛋白质的合成11. 以下哪个属于典型的雌性生殖器?A. 绒毛B. 网膜C. 卵巢D. 输卵管12. 昆虫体表硬化的主要物质是（）A. 钙质B. 蛋白质C. 壳质素D. 脂质13. 下列属于根非生长的因素是（）A. 土壤温度B. 光照强度C. 土壤湿度D. 通风作用14. 单细胞藻类的分类不包括（）A. 腰藻门B. 白球藻门C. 浮游植物门D. 鞭毛藻门15. 下列变态发育的物种中，不属于完全变态发育的是（）A. 蛙B. 蚕C. 家蝇D. 蚊16. PCR技术中的反应组分不包括（）A. DNA聚合酶B. 原料DNAC. 两个引物D. 酶切酶17. 以下哪个不是真核细胞的细胞器?A. 嗜酸性粒细胞线粒体B. 肝细胞内质网C. 淋巴细胞核糖体D. 神经细胞高尔基体18. 呼吸链中哪个酶不属于传递质子的酶?（）A. NADH脱氢酶B. 细胞色素C氧化酶C. 乳酸脱氢酶D. 葡萄糖6磷酸脱氢酶19. 以下关于病毒说法正确的是（）A. 病毒是细胞的一种形式B. 病毒具有自主营养功能C. 病毒核酸能直接被细胞复制D. 病毒只能通过细胞复制20. 从个体上揭示遗传原理的实验是（）A. 鸟嘌呤实验B. 烟草花叶实验C. 大豆芽胚实验D. 蒲公英气泡实验21. 植物生长素的主要合成部位是（）A. 树叶B. 茎C. 花D. 种子22. 长链非编码RNA的功能主要与（）相关A. 蛋白质合成B. DNA复制C. RNA剪切D. 信使RNA稳定性23. 有机体的二氧化碳固定在（）中完成。
人教版高一上学期期中语文试卷及解答参考
人教版语文高一上学期期中复习试卷(答案在后面)一、现代文阅读Ⅰ（18分）阅读下面的文章，完成下列小题。
在西藏高原上，有一种神奇的生物——雪豹。
雪豹是一种生活在高寒地区的哺乳动物，以其优美的身姿和独特的生存智慧而闻名于世。
它们是高原上的顶级掠食者，善于在雪地中捕猎。
然而，由于生态环境的恶化、猎物的减少以及人类活动的干扰，雪豹的数量正日益减少。
雪豹的生存环境非常苛刻。
它们生活在海拔3000米至6000米的山区，气候寒冷，氧气稀薄。
在这样的环境下，雪豹具有强大的抗寒能力和耐力。
它们通常在夜间活动，以捕猎为主。
雪豹的食谱非常广泛，包括山羊、野兔、狐狸等小型哺乳动物，甚至有时也会捕食大型动物，如藏羚羊。
雪豹的捕猎技巧堪称一绝。
它们擅长利用地形优势，悄无声息地接近猎物，然后发起突袭。
雪豹的爪子锋利无比，能够轻松地抓住猎物。
在捕猎过程中，雪豹还会运用智慧，巧妙地躲避天敌的追捕。
此外，雪豹还具有高度的领地意识，它们会用自己的粪便或尿液来标记领地，以防止其他雄性雪豹侵入。
然而，雪豹的生存环境正面临严峻挑战。
随着人类活动的加剧，它们的栖息地逐渐缩小。
此外，由于生态环境的恶化，雪豹的猎物数量也在不断减少。
更为严重的是，非法猎杀和盗猎现象仍然存在，这给雪豹的生存带来了极大威胁。
为了保护雪豹这一珍稀物种，我国政府采取了一系列措施。
首先，加强对雪豹栖息地的保护，建立自然保护区。
其次，加大对非法猎杀和盗猎行为的打击力度。
最后，加强公众的环保意识，提高人们对保护雪豹的认识。
（一）阅读下列语句，完成下列小题。
1.雪豹是一种生活在高寒地区的哺乳动物，以其优美的身姿和独特的生存智慧而闻名于世。
（）A. 强调了雪豹的美丽外貌和生存智慧B. 突出了雪豹的习性和智慧C. 强调了雪豹的珍贵和独特性D. 强调了雪豹的习性和珍贵性2.在这样的环境下，雪豹具有强大的抗寒能力和耐力。
（）A. 说明了雪豹的适应能力B. 表达了对雪豹的赞叹C. 强调了雪豹的习性和智慧D. 强调了雪豹的珍贵和独特性二、现代文阅读Ⅱ（17分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-4题。
人教版高一数学上学期期中考试试题及详细答案解析全文
人教版高一数学上学期期中考试数学试题（满分150分时间120分钟）一、单选题（12小题，每题5分）。
1.已知集合(){}{}0222>==-==x ,y x B ,x x lg y x A x,是实数集，则（）A.B.C.D.以上都不对2.下列函数中，是偶函数且在上为减函数的是（）A.2xy = B.xy -=2C.2-=x y D.3xy -=3.下列各组函数中，表示同一函数的是（）A.2xy =和()2x y =B.()12-=x lg y 和()()11-++=x lg x lg y C.2x log y a =和xlog y a 2= D.x y =和xa alog y =4.已知3110220230...c ,b ,.log a ===，则c ,b ,a 的大小关系是（）A.cb a << B.b ac << C.bc a << D.ac b <<5.在同一直角坐标系中，函数()()()x log x g ,x x x f a a=≥=0的图像可能是（）A. B. C. D.6.若132=log x ，则x x 93+的值为（）A.3B.C.6D.7.函数()x x x f 31+-=的单调递增区间是（）A.B.C.D.8.某同学求函数()62-+=x x ln x f 零点时，用计算器算得部分函数值如下表所示：则方程062=-+x x ln 的近似解（精确度0.1）可取为（）A.2.52B.2.625C.2.66D.2.759.函数()xx lg x f 1-=的零点所在的区间是()A.(0,1)B.(1,10)C.(10,100)D.(100，＋∞)10.已知函数()2211xxx f -+=，则有()A.()x f 是奇函数，且()x f x f -=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛1 B.()x f 是奇函数，且()x f x f =⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛1C.()x f 是偶函数，且()x f x f -=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛1 D.()x f 是偶函数，且()x f x f =⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛111.如图，向放在水槽底部的烧杯注水（流量一定），注满烧杯后，继续注水，直至注满水槽，水槽中水面上升高度h 与注水时间t 之间的函数关系，大致是（）A. B. C. D.12.已知函数()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>+-≤<=0621100x ,x x x ,x lg x f ，若a ，b ，c 均不相等，且()()()c f b f a f ==，则abc的取值范围是A.（1，10）B.(5，6)C.(10，12)D.(20，24)二、填空题（4小题，每题5分）13.若对数函数()x f 与幂函数()x g 的图象相交于一点（2，4）,则()()=+44g f ________.14.对于函数f (x )的定义域中任意的x 1，x 2(x 1≠x 2)，有如下结论：①f (x 1＋x 2)＝f (x 1)f (x 2)；②f (x 1x 2)＝f (x 1)＋f (x 2)；③()()02121>--x x x f x f .当f (x )＝e x 时，上述结论中正确结论的序号是______.15.已知3102==b,lg a ，用a,b 表示=306log _____________.16.设全集{}654321,,,,,U =,用U 的子集可表示由10,组成的6位字符串,如：{}42表示的是第2个字符为1，第4个字符为1，其余均为0的6位字符串010100，并规定空集表示的字符串为000000．（1）若，则M C U 表示6位字符串为_____________．（2）若,集合表示的字符串为101001，则满足条件的集合的个数为____个．三、解答题。
人教版高一上学期期中英语试题及解答参考
人教版英语高一上学期期中模拟试题及解答参考一、听力第一节（本大题有5小题，每小题1.5分，共7.5分）1、What is the weather like today?A. It’s sunny.B. It’s cloudy.C. It’s rainy.Answer: AExplanation: The question asks about the weather today. The correct answer is “It’s sunny,” which is option A.2、 How does the man feel about the new movie?A. Excited.B. Bored.C. Uninterested.Answer: AExplanation: The man expresses his feelings about the new movie. The correct answer is that he is “excited,” which is option A.3、- Dialogue: Woman: Can you tell me where the nearest post office is? Man: Sure, go straight ahead until you reach the traffic lights, then turn left. It’s just next to the supermarket.•Question: Where is the post office located?•Options:A. Next to the bank.B. Across from the supermarket.C. Next to the supermarket.D. Behind the traffic lights.•Answer: C. Next to the supermarket.•Explanation: The man clearly indicates that the post office is located next to the supermarket after giving directions to go straight and turn left at the traffic lights.4、- Dialogue: Man: Excuse me, does this bus go to the train station? Woman: No, you’ll need to take the number 7 bus. This one is the number 12, which goes to the airport.•Question: Which bus should the man take to get to the train station?•Options:A. Number 12 bus.B. Number 7 bus.C. Any bus from here.D. The airport shuttle.•Answer: B. Number 7 bus.•Explanation: The woman informs the man that he needs to take the number7 bus to get to the train station, as the number 12 bus, which is the onethey are discussing, goes to the airport instead.5、You will hear a short conversation between two students. After that, you will hear five questions about the conversation. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to eachquestion.Question 5: How much money does the student need to borrow from the bank?A.$200B.$300C.$400D.$500Answer: B.$300Explanation: In the conversation, the student says, “I need to borrow$300 to buy a new laptop.” Therefore, the correct answer is B.$300.二、听力第二节（本大题有15小题，每小题1.5分，共22.5分）1、Listen to the following conversation and choose the best answer to the question you hear.A. The man is looking for a bookshop.B. The woman is a librarian.C. The man is borrowing a book.D. The woman is suggesting a place to eat.Answer: CExplanation: The man says, “Excuse me, could you help me find this book?” and the woman responds, “Certainly, I’ll show you where it is,” indicating that the man is borrowing a book.2、 Listen to the following dialogue and complete the sentence with themissing word you hear.W: I really enjoyed your presentation at the conference last week. It was very informative.M: Thank you. I’m glad you found it helpful. By the way, are you going to the workshop on “Advanced Data Analysis” this afternoon?W: Yes, I am. I think it will be beneficial for my research.M: That’s great. We can discuss some of the methods we’ve used in our project.Answer: beneficialExplanation: The woman says, “I think it will be beneficial for my research,” which completes the sentence with the missing word “beneficial.”3.You hear a conversation between two students in the library.A. The student is looking for a quiet place to study.B. The student is borrowing a book.C. The student is asking for help with a project.D. The student is inquiring about the library rules.Answer: AExplanation: The student is asking for a quiet place to study, as indicated by the words “I was wondering if you could recommend a quiet spot in the library?”4.You hear a radio report about a local event.A. The event is a charity run to raise funds for a community center.B. The event is a music festival featuring local bands.C. The event is a food fair showcasing international cuisine.D. The event is a sports competition between neighboring schools.Answer: AExplanation: The radio report mentions “this Saturday’s charity run” and “supporting the new community center,” which indicates that the event is a charity run.5.You will hear a short conversation between two friends, Tom and Alice. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the following question.Question: What are Tom and Alice mainly discussing?A. Their school lifeB. A recent movie they watchedC. Their upcoming vacationD. Their favorite sports activitiesAnswer: BExplanation: The conversation starts with Tom asking Alice if she has watched the latest movie, which indicates that they are discussing a recent movie they watched together. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.6.You will hear a passage about the importance of exercise. Listen carefully and answer the following question.Question: According to the passage, which of the following benefits of exercise is NOT mentioned?A. Reduces stressB. Improves sleep qualityC. Enhances brain functionD. Boosts immune systemAnswer: BExplanation: The passage mentions the benefits of exercise such as reducing stress, enhancing brain function, and boosting the immune system. However, it does not mention the improvement of sleep quality as a benefit of exercise. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.7.Listen to the following dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear.A. They are going to the library.B. They are going to the cinema.C. They are going to the park.D. They are going to the shopping mall.Answer: BExplanation: The first speaker mentions they want to see a movie, and the second speaker agrees and suggests going to the cinema. Therefore, the correct answer is B.8.Listen to the following passage and answer the question you hear. Question: What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To inform about a new restaurant opening.B. To discuss the benefits of a healthy lifestyle.C. To review a recent sports event.D. To introduce a new study about sleep.Answer: DExplanation: The passage starts by stating the importance of sleep and then goes on to introduce a recent study that has found new insights about sleep. The main purpose is to inform the listener about this new study, so the correct answer is D.9.You hear a conversation between two students discussing a school event.A. They are planning to attend a school dance.B. They are discussing the upcoming sports day.C. They are talking about a school trip to the museum.Answer: BExplanation: The conversation includes references to running races, physical fitness, and teamwork, which are typical themes of a sports day event. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as they are discussing the upcoming sports day.10.You hear a radio announcement about a local charity event.A. The event is a charity concert to raise funds for a local hospital.B. The event is a charity auction to support a children’s shelter.C. The event is a charity walk to promote awareness of cancer.Answer: CExplanation: The radio announcement mentions a “charity walk” and includes details about participants raising money and awareness for a specific cause.The mention of walking and raising funds for cancer awareness makes C the correct answer, as the event is a charity walk.11.You will hear a conversation between two friends. Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer to the question.Question: What is the woman planning to do after the conversation?A. Go to the gym.B. Study for her math test.C. Attend a party.Answer: BExplanation: In the conversation, the woman mentions that she has a math test on Friday and needs to study. Therefore, option B is the correct answer.12.You will hear a short passage about the importance of exercise. Listen to the passage and answer the following question.Question: What is the main idea of the passage?A. Exercise is good for physical health.B. Exercise can help improve concentration.C. Exercise is essential for a balanced lifestyle.Answer: AExplanation: The passage primarily focuses on the benefits of exercise for physical health, such as reducing the risk of chronic diseases and improving cardiovascular health. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.13.You hear a conversation between two students discussing a school project.Listen and answer the question.Question: What are the students planning to do for their project?A. Perform a play.B. Write a report.C. Organize a sports event.D. Conduct a survey.Answer: B. Write a report.Explanation: The students mention that they need to collect data and analyze it for their project, which suggests they are planning to write a report.14.You hear a dialogue between a teacher and a student about an upcoming science fair. Listen and answer the question.Question: What does the student need help with for the science fair?A. Choosing a topic.B. Preparing the experiment.C. Writing a presentation.D. Finding a partner.Answer: C. Writing a presentation.Explanation: The student expresses concern about being able to clearly explain their project in a presentation, indicating that they need help with writing the presentation.15.A) He is 17 years old.B) She is 17 years old.C) They are 17 years old.D) He and she are 17 years old.Answer: A) He is 17 years old.Explanation: The conversation mentions “How old are you?” and the response is “I am 17.” Therefore, the correct answer is A) He is 17 years old.三、阅读第一节（第1题7.5分，其余每题10分，总37.5分）第一题Reading PassageIn the small coastal town of Seabreeze, there was once a young man named Tom. Tom had always been fascinated by the ocean and its mysteries. One day, he decided to take up scuba diving, a hobby that allowed him to explore the depths of the sea. As he dove deeper and deeper, Tom discovered a hidden world of colorful fish, exotic plants, and breathtaking coral reefs.However, Tom soon realized that this beautiful underwater world was under threat. Plastic pollution was causing significant damage to the marine ecosystem. He decided to take action and started an initiative to clean up the coastal area. With the help of his friends and local volunteers, they organized clean-up drives, collected trash from the beaches, and educated the community about the importance of taking care of the environment.Word soo n spread about Tom’s efforts, and he received support from local businesses and government agencies. Together, they implemented programs toreduce plastic usage and promote sustainable practices. As a result, the marine ecosystem began to recover, and the once-damaged coral reefs started to flourish again.Tom’s story inspired many others to take action and protect the environment. He became a symbol of hope and determination, proving that even a single person could make a difference.Questions:1、What hobby did Tom take up to explore the depths of the sea?A. FishingB. Scuba divingC. SnorkelingD. Surfing2、What issue did Tom discover while diving?A. OverfishingB. Climate changeC. Plastic pollutionD. Water pollution3、What did Tom do to clean up the coastal area?A. He planted trees along the beach.B. He organized clean-up drives and educated the community.C. He built a wall to protect the beaches from erosion.D. He started a recycling program.4、What was the resul t of Tom’s efforts?A. The marine ecosystem continued to decline.B. The coral reefs remained damaged.C. The community became more aware of environmental issues.D. The town’s economy suffered due to the pollution.Answers:1、B2、C3、B4、CSecond Question: Reading Comprehension Section 1Passage:On the morning of November 9, 1929, millions of people across the United States awoke to a shock. The stock market had crashed, and the Great Depression was about to begin. The crash was caused by a combination of factors, including speculation, overproduction, and a lack of regulation. As a result, banks failed, people lost their jobs, and the economy spiraled into a deep recession.The Great Depression lasted for a decade, from 1929 to 1939. During this time, unemployment rates soared, and many families were forced to live in makeshift shelters known as “Hoovervilles,” named after President Herbert Hoover, who was seen as ineffective in dealing with the crisis. Despite the hardships, the Depression also led to some positive changes, such as thedevelopment of new social welfare programs and the election of Franklin D. Roosevelt, who implemented the New Deal to help the economy recover.1、The Great Depression began in the year:A)1928B)1929C)1930D)19312、Which of the following factors did NOT contribute to the stock market crash of 1929?A)SpeculationB)OverproductionC)Excessive regulationD)Lack of regulation3、What was a “Hooverville”?A) A luxurious resort for the wealthyB) A government-built housing projectC) A makeshift shelter for the unemployedD) A school for orphans4、Which president is mentioned as being seen as ineffective in dealing with the Great Depression?A)Franklin D. RooseveltB)Herbert HooverC)John F. KennedyD)Lyndon B. JohnsonAnswers:1、B) 19292、C) Excessive regulation3、C) A makeshift shelter for the unemployed4、B) Herbert Hoover第三题Reading Passage:The following is an excerpt from a book about the history of technology. It discusses the invention of the printing press.In the mid-15th century, Johannes Gutenberg, a German goldsmith, made a revolutionary change to the world of publishing. He invented the printing press, which drastically altered the way books were produced and distributed. Before the printing press, books were copied by hand, a time-consuming and expensive process. The invention of the printing press allowed for the mass production of books, leading to an explosion in literacy and the spread of knowledge.Gutenberg’s printing press used movable type, which could be reused and rearranged to create different texts. This made the process of printing much faster and more efficient. The first book to be printed using this method was the Bible, which was completed in 1455. The widespread availability of the Bible and other religious texts led to a significant increase in religious literacy among the common people.The printing press also had a profound impact on the spread of science andtechnology. It allowed scientists to share their discoveries more quickly and widely, which accelerated the pace of innovation. The printing press was instrumental in the Renaissance, a period of great cultural and intellectual growth in Europe.1、What was the main impact of Johannes Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press?A、It increased the cost of book production.B、It made books more expensive for the general public.C、It significantly changed the way books were produced and distributed.D、It decreased the literacy rate among the common people.答案：C2、How did the printing press affect the production of books?A、It made books more difficult to produce.B、It required more manual labor to produce books.C、It allowed for the mass production of books.D、It made books more expensive to produce.答案：C3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a consequence of the printing press?A、An increase in religious literacy.B、The spread of science and technology.C、The decline of the Renaissance.D、A faster pace of innovation.答案：C4、What was the first book printed using Johannes Gutenberg’s printing press?A、The QuranB、The Declaration of IndependenceC、The Gutenberg BibleD、The Magna Carta答案：C第四题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Rise of Social MediaIn the last decade, social media has become an integral part of our daily lives. From Facebook to Twitter, Instagram to LinkedIn, these platforms have revolutionized the way we communicate, share information, and stay connected with others. The following article explores the impact of social media on society, its benefits, and its potential drawbacks.The Impact of Social Media on SocietySocial media has had a profound impact on society. It has made it easier for people to stay in touch with friends and family, regardless of geographical distance. This has led to a more interconnected world where cultural exchange and understanding are more accessible than ever before. However, thisinterconnectedness also brings challenges, such as the spread of misinformation and cyberbullying.1、What is one of the main benefits of social media mentioned in the passage?A)The ability to spread misinformation.B)Staying in touch with friends and family.C)The rise of cyberbullying.D)The decline of face-to-face communication.Answer: B)2、According to the passage, what is one of the challenges brought by social media?A)Improved cultural exchange.B)The spread of misinformation.C)Increased face-to-face communication.D)Enhanced privacy.Answer: B)3、The passage suggests that social media has led to a more___________world.A)isolatedB)interconnectedC)privateD)competitiveAnswer: B)4、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential drawback of social media in the passage?A)The spread of misinformation.B)Improved cultural exchange.C)Cyberbullying.D)The decline of traditional media.Answer: B)四、阅读第二节（12.5分）Reading SectionPassage:The rise of the Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and learn. With just a few clicks, we can connect with people from all over the world, access vast amounts of information, and even complete tasks from the comfort of our homes. One of the most significant impacts of the Internet is on education. Online learning platforms have become increasingly popular, allowing students to attend virtual classes, access educational resources, and interact with teachers and peers from any location. This essay discusses the advantages and disadvantages of online learning.Advantages of Online Learning:1.Flexibility: Online learning offers students the flexibility to study at their own pace and schedule. This is particularly beneficial for working adults and students with family commitments.2.Access to a wide range of resources: Online learning platforms provideaccess to a vast array of educational materials, including videos, textbooks, and interactive modules, which can enhance the learning experience.3.Cost-effective: Online courses are often more affordable than traditional classroom-based courses, making education accessible to a broader audience.Disadvantages of Online Learning:ck of face-to-face interaction: One of the main drawbacks of online learning is the absence of face-to-face interaction, which can hinder the development of social skills and collaboration.2.Limited support: Online students may find it challenging to receive adequate support from teachers and peers, as they lack the physical presence and direct communication that traditional classrooms offer.3.Self-discipline and motivation: Online learning requires a high level of self-discipline and motivation, as students are responsible for managing their time and staying on track.Questions:1.What is one of the advantages of online learning mentioned in the passage?A. It is more expensive than traditional education.B. It offers students the flexibility to study at their own pace and schedule.C. It is less flexible than traditional education.D. It requires less self-discipline and motivation.2.According to the passage, what is a potential disadvantage of online learning?A. It provides access to a wide range of resources.B. It offers face-to-face interaction with teachers and peers.C. It lacks the physical presence and direct communication of traditional classrooms.D. It is more affordable than traditional education.3.Why might online learning be beneficial for working adults?A. It requires less self-discipline and motivation.B. It lacks the physical presence and direct communication of traditional classrooms.C. It offers flexibility to study at their own pace and schedule.D. It is more expensive than traditional education.4.The passage states that online learning platforms provide access to a vast array of educational materials. What type of material is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. VideosB. TextbooksC. Interactive modulesD. Podcasts5.What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To promote online learning.B. To criticize the traditional education system.C. To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of online learning.D. To encourage students to attend virtual classes.Answers:1.B2.C3.C4.D5.C五、语言运用第一节 _ 完形填空（15分）Title: People’s Education Edition English First Semester Grade 10 Mid-term Exam -Section Five: Language Application - Part I: Cloze TestPassage:The rise of technology has dramatically changed the way we live and work. In the past, communication was limited to face-to-face interactions or letters. Now, with the advent of the internet and social media, we can connect with people across the globe in an instant. This rapid change has both positive and negative impacts.The positive aspects of technology are undeniable. It has made information more accessible, allowing us to learn new skills and stay updated with the latest news. It has also revolutionized the way businesses operate, increasing efficiency and productivity. However, there are also negative consequences.One of the major concerns is the impact on our social lives. Spending toomuch time online can lead to social isolation, as people may prefer virtual interactions to real-life ones. Additionally, the constant exposure to social media can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem.Another issue is the potential for online fraud and cybercrimes. With so much personal information being shared online, individuals are at a higher risk of falling victim to scams and identity theft.Despite these challenges, many argue that the benefits of technology far outweigh the drawbacks. They believe that with proper education and awareness, we can navigate the digital world safely and responsibly.Here is an example of how technology has transformed our daily lives:munication: Before the internet, if you wanted to talk to someone in another country, you would have to wait days for a letter to arrive. Now, you can have a video call with them in a matter of minutes.cation: Online courses and e-learning platforms have made education more flexible and accessible. Students can learn at their own pace and from the comfort of their homes.3.Health: Telemedicine has become increasingly popular, allowing patients to consult with doctors remotely and receive treatment without leaving their homes.4.Environment: Technology has enabled us to monitor and control energy consumption more efficiently, reducing our carbon footprint.5.Business: E-commerce has opened up new markets and made it possible for businesses to reach a global audience.Now, read the following passage and choose the best option to complete each sentence.Questions:1.The rise of technology has had a significant impact on our __________.a) educationb) economyc) social livesd) environment2.One of the positive aspects of technology is that it has made __________.a) communication slowerb) information less accessiblec) learning more difficultd) news harder to find3.Spending too much time online can lead to __________.a) increased productivityb) improved communicationc) social isolationd) better health4.Online fraud and cybercrimes are more prevalent due to __________.a) the decrease in personal information shared onlineb) the increase in social media usagec) the elimination of technology in our livesd) the rise of e-commerce5.Many argue that the benefits of technology__________the drawbacks.a) outweighb) ignorec) complementd) emphasize6.The internet has made it possible to have a__________with someone in another country in a matter of minutes.a) letterb) phone callc) video calld) text message7.Online courses have made education __________.a) more expensiveb) less flexiblec) more accessibled) less effective8.Telemedicine has become popular because it allows patients to __________.a) travel to see doctorsb) consult with doctors remotelyc) rely on traditional medicined) avoid doctors altogether9.Technology has helped us to__________energy consumption.a) increaseb) decreasec) monitord) ignore10.E-commerce has enabled businesses to __________.a) reduce their marketsb) reach a global audiencec) focus on local customersd) eliminate physical storesAnswers:1.c) social lives2.c) information more accessible3.c) social isolation4.b) increase in social media usage5.a) outweigh6.c) video call7.c) more accessible8.b) consult with doctors remotely9.b) decrease10.b) reach a global audience六、语言运用第二节 _ 语法填空（15分）Grammar Fill-in-the-BlankDirections: Read the passage carefully. For each blank, choose the most appropriate word or phrase from the options given below to complete the passage. There are 10 blanks in total.Passage:“The importance of environmental conservation has become increasingly evident over recent years. With global warming and pollution causing severe damage to our planet, it is now more crucial than ever that we take action to protect our natural world. Many people believe that individuals can make a significant difference by making small changes in their daily lives, such as recycling waste, using public transport, and reducing energy consumption. Others argue that real change must come from government policies and corporate responsibility. Both viewpoints have merit, but one thing is clear: everyone has a role to play in preserving Earth’s resources for future generations.”Questions:1.The importance of environmental conservation has become increasingly evident (blank1) recent years.•Options: A) at, B) in, C) over, D) during2.With global warming and pollution causing severe damage (blank2) our planet…•Options: A) on, B) to, C) at, D) with3….it is now more crucial than ever that we take action (blank3) protect our naturalworld.•Options: A) to, B) for, C) in order, D) so as4.Many people believe that individuals can make a significant difference (blank4) making small changes…•Options: A) through, B) by, C) via, D) with5….such as recycling waste, using public transport, and reducing energy (blank5).•Options: A) use, B) consume, C) consumption, D) usage6.Others argue that real change must (blank6) from government policies and corporate responsibility.•Options: A) come, B) comes, C) coming, D) came7.Both viewpoints have (blank7), but one thing is clear…•Options: A) value, B) merit, C) worth, D) significance8….everyone has a role (blank8) play in preserving Earth’s resources…•Options: A) for, B) of, C) to, D) in9….for future (blank9).•Options: A) generation, B) generations, C) generation’s, D) generations’10.Everyone has a role to play in preserving Earth’s resources for future generations.•This sentence is correct and does not require any changes.Now let’s provide the answers for these blanks based on standard English grammar and usage.Here are the correct answers for the grammar fill-in-the-blank exercise:1.Over recent years. - Option C2.Causing severe damage to our planet… - Option B3.Take action to protect our natural world. - Option A。
部编人教版2024--2025学年度第一学期高一语文期中测试卷及答案
部编人教版2024--2025学年度第一学期期中测试卷高一 语文（满分：150分 时间：150分钟）一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，18分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1~5小题。
材料一：科学成就离不开精神支撑。
在向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新征程上，一代又一代科技工作者心怀“国之大者”，铸就了“爱国、创新、求实、奉献、协同、育人”为内涵的科学家精神，为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦凝聚起磅礴力量。
早在2012年初，中国科协联合教育部启动实施“共和国的脊梁——科学大师名校宣传工程”，重点动员支持一批高校创作排演以现当代著名科学家和科技界民族英雄为主题的舞台剧，用广大青少年和科技工作者乐于接受的艺术形式，讲述一批德学双馨、对国家科技事业作出重大贡献、在科技界具有崇高威望的科学大师的动人事迹，成为当时对高校思想政治工作和弘扬科学家精神的一次大胆创新。
十年来，主办部门从两部门增加到中国科协、教育部、共青团中央、中国科学院、中国工程院、中国文联等6部门，演出剧目也从第一批的6部扩大到现在的20部。
剧目的数量和质量在发生变化，但坚持科学和艺术相结合，着力打造校园文化经典原创剧目的定位始终未变，用讲故事的方式弘扬科学家精神也从未过时。
科学大师剧成为高校开展“大思政课”的生动蓝本，也是科学、艺术、教育融合发展的最好诠释与最佳案例。
通过舞台剧讲好中国科学家故事，关键在于故事挖掘。
每一名参与科学大师剧创作的师生都会花费大量的课余时间对拟排演的科学家人物进行深入了解，通过大量阅读传记手稿、实地调研访谈等方式了解科学家故事，感悟科学家精神。
按照科学性与艺术性相结合的要求，参与科学大师剧创排的高校师生在对科学家故事进行艺术化加工的过程中，始终坚持把尊重重大事实的科学性，将追求真理、严谨治学的求实精神摆在首位。
天津大学原创话剧《侯德榜》剧组曾先后多次组织动员参演师生赴北京、天津、大连、南京、福建等地，拜访中国化学学会、中国化工学会、南京化工职业技术学院、南京化工集团公司、永利化工天津碱厂等单位，实地追踪侯老的生平足迹，现场采访侯老亲属后人、秘书等，查阅书籍和历史文献千余份，在整理了10余万字的一手资料后，才据此创作了话剧《侯德榜》的剧本初稿。
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2．下列属于单糖的一组是（）A．葡萄糖和蔗糖B．核糖和脱氧核糖C．蔗糖和麦芽糖D．乳糖和淀粉3．下列关于细胞与生命活动关系的叙述错误的是（）A．病毒的生命活动可以离开细胞B．草履虫的生命活动离不开细胞C．细胞内的生命大分子没有生命D．单细胞生物的一个细胞就能完成各种生命活动2、一条鲤鱼、池塘中的全部鲤鱼、养鱼塘三者对应的生命系统的结构层次依次是A．个体、种群、群落B．个体、种群、生态系统C．个体、群落、生态系统D．种群、群落、生态系统6．下列各项中，属于种群的是（）A．一块稻田里的全部水稻、水草、鱼、虾及其他生物B．一个池塘中的全部虾C．一草原上的全部生物及无机环境D．一块棉田中的全部幼蚜、成熟蚜虫和老蚜虫8．下列不属于生命系统的是A．池塘中的一只青蛙B．青蛙的表皮细胞C．表皮细胞中的水和蛋白质分子D．池塘中的水、阳光等因素以及在池塘中生活的青蛙等各种生物21．下列哪一项代表了高等植物个体的结构层次（）A．细胞→组织→器官→系统→个体B．细胞→组织→器官→个体C．细胞→组织→器官→个体→种群D．细胞→器官→系统→个体13．下列对生命系统结构层次的研究，正确的顺序是（）A．细胞、组织、器官、系统、生物体、种群、群落、生态系统、生物圈B．细胞、组织、器官、系统、生物体、种群、群落、生物圈、生态系统C．细胞、组织、器官、系统、种群、生物体、群落、生态系统、生物圈D．细胞、组织、器官、生物体、系统、种群、群落、生态系统、生物圈26．原核细胞与真核细胞的根本区别是有无：（）A．核膜B．液泡膜C．细胞膜D．细胞壁9．在低倍镜下，发现视野内有一污点，移动装片后，污点位置不变；转换高倍镜后污点消失，由此可以判断污点的位置在（）A．目镜B．高倍物镜C．装片D．低倍物镜10．下面①--⑤是利用显微镜观察时的几个操作步骤，在显微镜下要把视野里的标本从图中的⑴转为⑵，其正确的操作步骤是：（）①转动粗准焦螺旋②调节光圈③转动细准焦螺旋④转动转换器⑤移动标本A．①→②→③→④B．⑤→④→②→③C．②→①→⑤→④D．④→⑤→③→②13．用显微镜观察口腔上皮细胞的装片时，为使显微镜放大倍数最小，应选用物镜和目镜的组合是A．目镜5×，物镜10×B．目镜5×，物镜40×C．目镜10×，物镜10×D．目镜10×，物镜40×14．将“b”放在显微镜下观察，视野内看到A．b B．d C．q D．P25．用显微镜观察同一材料同一部分是，高倍镜视野与低倍镜视野相比，前者（）A．亮，看到的细胞数目多B．暗，看到的细胞数目少C．亮，看到的细胞数目少D．暗，看到的细胞数目多11．植物从土壤中吸收并运输到叶肉细胞的氮和磷，主要用于合成（）①淀粉②葡萄糖③脂肪④磷脂⑤蛋白质⑥核酸A．①④⑥B．③④⑤C．④⑤⑥D．②④⑤12．生物体最重要的四大有机物淀粉、核酸、脂肪、蛋白质在化学成分中共有的化学元素是（）A．C、H、O B．C、H、O、NC．C、H、O、N、P D．C、H、O、N、S15．下列各种糖类物质中，既存在于动物细胞内又存在于植物细胞内的是（）A．淀粉和核糖B．葡萄糖、核糖和麦芽糖C．核糖、脱氧核糖和葡萄糖D．糖原、乳糖、蔗糖16．大兴安岭深处的黑熊在冬睡前一个月之内，食量增至平时的四倍，体重很快能增加40％以上。
在漫长的冬睡过程中，它所消耗的能量主要来自体内的（）A．糖原B．脂肪C．蛋白质D．维生素17．糖原、核酸、蛋白质的基本组成单位分别是（）A．碱基、单糖、氨基酸B．葡萄糖、碱基、氨基酸C．乳酸、核苷酸、葡萄糖 D．葡萄糖、核苷酸、氨基酸18．下表是关于物质检测的内容，其中正确的是（）10从本实验结果中，能得出的结论是（）A．该饮料含蛋白质B．该饮料含维生素CC．该饮料含蛋白质和还原糖D．该饮料含还原糖19．下列物质中，哪一项是构成生物体蛋白质的氨基酸？（）A．B．C．D．20．能正确表示蛋白质分子由简到繁的结构层次的一组数字是：（）①氨基酸；②C、H、O、N等化学元素；③氨基酸分子相互结合；④多肽；⑤肽链；⑥形成具有一定的空间结构的蛋白质分子A．①②③④⑤⑥B．②①④③⑥⑤C．②①④③⑤⑥D．②①③④⑤⑥23．细胞中将2个氨基酸分子连接而成二肽，并生成一分子水，这一分子水中的氢来自：（）A．羧基B．氨基C．氨基和羧基D．R基27．谷胱甘肽（分子式C10H17O6N3S）是存在于动植物和微生物细胞中的一个重要三肽，它是由谷氨酸（C5H9O4N）、甘氨酸（C2H5O2N）和半胱氨酸缩合而成，则半胱氨酸可能的分子式为（）A．C3H3NS B．C3H5ONS C．C3H7O2NS D．C3H3O2NS28．谷氨酸的R基为—C3H5O2，在一个谷氨酸分子中，含有的C、H、O的原子总数分别是（）A．4、9、4 B．5、9、4 C．4、8、5 D．5、8、412、现有氨基酸800个，其中氨基总数为810个，羧基总数为808个，则由这些氨基酸合成的含有2条肽链的蛋白质共有肽键、氨基和羧基的数目依次为（）A、798、2和2B、798、12和10C、799、1和1D、799、11和914．已知20种氨基酸的平均分子量是128，现有一蛋白质分子由2条肽链组成，具有98个肽键。
则此蛋白质的分子量接近（）A．11036 B．12288 C．12544 D．12800 22．下列哪一组物质是DNA的组成成分：（）A．脱氧核糖、核酸和磷酸B．脱氧核糖、碱基和磷酸C．核糖、碱基和磷酸D．核糖、嘧啶、嘌呤和磷酸24．下列哪组物质是固醇类物质：（）A．性激素和氨基酸B．维生素D和维生素CC．胆固醇和核苷酸D．性激素和维生素D28．有一种物质能顺浓度梯度进出细胞，但却不能顺浓度梯度进出无蛋白质的磷脂双分层膜。
这种物质出入细胞膜的方式是A．自由扩散B．协助扩散C．主动运输D．胞吞或胞吐21．葡萄糖进入红细胞的方式是A．协助扩散 B．简单扩散 C．主动运输 D．渗透作用15、新生儿小肠上皮细胞通过消耗能量，可以直接吸收母乳中的免疫球蛋白和半乳糖。
这两种物质分别被吸收到血液中的方式是 ( ) A．主动运输、主动运输 B．胞吞、主动运输 C．主动运输、胞吞D．被动运输、主动运输19.在玉米根毛细胞所含的核酸中,含有碱基A、T、C、G的核苷酸共有( )A．4种B．5种C．7种D．8种33 ．如图为电子显微镜视野中观察到的某细胞的一部分。
下列有关该细胞的叙述中，正确的是( )A.此细胞既可能是真核细胞也可能是原核细胞B.此细胞是动物细胞而不可能是植物细胞C.结构4含磷脂，结构3可产生水D.该图是高倍光学显微镜下看到的结构17．下列细胞器中具有双层膜结构的是A．中心体和内质网B．核糖体和高尔基体C．线粒体和叶绿体D．液泡和叶绿体20．在胰腺细胞中参与合成并分泌胰岛素的细胞器有A．线粒体、中心体、高尔基体、内质网B．核糖体、高尔基体、内质网、叶绿体C．线粒体、核糖体、内质网、高尔基体D．中心体、内质网、核糖体、高尔基体21．下列结构中，与植物细胞内能量转换直接相关的细胞器是A．内质网和线粒体B．高尔基体和叶绿体C．液泡和核糖体D．线粒体和叶绿体26．植物细胞发生质壁分离的原因有①外界溶液浓度大于细胞液浓度②细胞液浓度大于外界溶液浓度③细胞壁的伸缩性大于原生质层的伸缩性④原生质层的伸缩性大于细胞壁的伸缩性A. ②④B. ①④C. ②③D. ①③9、肌肉非常发达的人，其体内肌肉细胞含量最多的化合物是A．糖类B．水C．脂类D．肌肉蛋白23．关于染色体与染色质的关系，下列说法正确的是①同种物质②不同物质③形态相同④形态不同⑤同时出现⑥出现在不同时期A．①③⑥B．②③⑤C．①④⑥D．②③⑥27．变形虫的外形随着伪足的伸缩而变化，这种现象说明细胞膜的结构特点是具有A．保护作用B．流动性C．隔离作用D．半透性17、下列是观察植物细胞质壁分离与复原实验的一些必要步骤，你认为正确的是（）①加清水②制作装片③观察质壁分离④加入0.3g/ml蔗糖溶液⑤观察质壁分离复原⑥观察正常细胞A、②⑥④③①⑤B、①②③④⑤⑥C、①②③④⑥⑤D、⑥①②④③⑤19、切断能量供应，下列物质进出细胞将会受到很大影响的是（）A、酒精进入胃黏膜细胞B、二氧化碳由静脉进入肺泡C、原尿中的葡萄糖进入肾小管上皮细胞D、水分子出入细胞44．（9分）下面是一组与实验有关的问题，请回答：（1）检测生物组织中的还原糖时，使用的试剂是，产生的现象是；检测蛋白质时，使用的试剂是，产生的现象是；若要鉴定组织细胞中是否含有脂肪，可以使用染液，观察到细胞内的脂肪颗粒呈橘黄色。
（2）“观察DNA和RNA在细胞中的分布”实验中，甲基绿使呈现绿色，吡罗红使呈现红色。
（3）在“体验制备细胞膜的方法”实验中，选用的实验材料是哺乳动物成熟的红细胞，原因是；（4）用“高倍显微镜观察线粒体”时，可以将活细胞中的线粒体染成蓝绿色的染液是；64．(12分)右图表示动物、植物细胞二合一显微结构模式图。
（符号与文字全对才给分）(1) 若某细胞含有A、B两图中各种细胞器，则为______细胞。
(2) 提供细胞能量的“动力工厂”为[ ]_____________。
(3) 结构5为____________，在植物细胞有丝分裂时，与____________形成有关。
(4) 细胞内合成蛋白质的结构是[ ]_________________。
(5) 如果B图为大蒜根细胞，则应该没有[ ]______________。
(6) 与动物细胞有丝分裂有关的结构是[ ]________________。
(7) 甲状腺细胞中碘的浓度远比血浆中高，这说明甲状腺细胞吸收碘是通过__________________的方式。
36.（10分)我国中科院上海生化所合成了一种有镇痛作用而又不会像吗啡那样使病人上瘾的药物——（1）该化合物有个氨基和个羧基；含有个肽键。
（2）该化合物是由个氨基酸失去分子水而形成的，这样的反应叫做，该化合物叫（3）该化合物有种氨基酸构成，造成氨基酸种类不同的原因是。
（4）组成这类化合物的基本单位的结构通式是__________________________。
51．(9分)物质的跨膜运输对细胞的生存和生长至关重要。
下图为物质跨膜运输几种方式的示意图，请据图回答：(1)细胞膜的基本骨架是 (填字母)。
组成细胞膜的A、B两种物质通常不是静止的，而是处于。
(2)图中甲物质跨膜运输方式是，乙物质跨膜运输方式是，丙物质跨膜运输方式是。
（3）对于活细胞完成各项生命活动都非常重要的物质运输方式是__________.若人的红细胞吸收乙醇、Na+、苯、葡萄糖，采用甲运输方式的是__________，采用乙运输方式的是__________，采用丙运输方式的是__________。