材料成型及控制工程专业英语MAERIALSANDHEIRROERIESPPT课件
材料成型及控制工程专业英语
材料成型及控制工程专业英语Mechanical property机械性能austenitic奥氏体的martensite 马氏体Plastic deformation塑性变形stress concentrator应力集中点bar棒材beam线材sheet板材ductile可延展的stress relief应力松弛austenitie奥氏体 martensite马氏体normalize正火temper回火anneal正火harden淬火close-die forging模锻deformation rate变形速度diffusion扩散overheat过热Work hardening加工硬化dislocation density位错密度die模具residual strain残留应变as-forged锻造的injection mold注射模molding shop成型车间clamping force合模力grind磨削drop stamping锤上模锻nickel-base superalloy镍基合金insulation 隔热burr毛刺injection capacity注射容量deterioration变化、退化discrete不连续的abrasive磨损welding焊接metallurgical 冶金的Formation of austenite奥氏体转变The transformation of pearlite（珠光体）into austenite can only take place at the equilibrium critical point（临界温度）a very slow heating as follows from the Fe-C constitutional diagram（状态图）. under common conditions, the transformation is retarded and results in overheating,i.e.occurs at temperatures slightly higher than those indicated in the Fe-C diagram.The end of the transformation iS characterized by the formation of austenite and the dis—appearance of pearlite(ferrite+cementite)．This austenite is however inhomogeneous even in the volume of a single grain．In places earlier occupied by lamellae（层片）(or grains)of a pearlitic cementite，the content of carbon is greater than in places of ferritic lamellae．This is why the austenite just formed is inhomogeneous.In order to obtain homogeneous （均匀的）austenite，it is essential on heating not only to pass through the point of the end of pearlite to austenite transformation，but also to overheat the steel above that point and to allow a holding time to complete the diffusion（扩散） processes in aus-tenitie grains．为了获得均匀的奥氏体，在加热过程中通过珠光体的结束点向奥氏体转变是必要的，而且对过热刚以上的点，允许持续一定时间来完成奥氏体晶粒的扩撒过程。
材料成型与控制工程专业介绍（Ma...
材料成型与控制工程专业介绍（Material forming and ControlEngineering Introduction）Material forming and control engineering introduction of material forming and Control Engineering (molding and mold CAD/CAM direction) objective: to cultivate a metal and plastic products, technology and mould knowledge, can use computer technology to product, process and mold design, the use of CNC machining technology for mould manufacturing. Senior engineering and technical personnel engaged in product and mold test, production management, sales and other aspects of the. Main courses: metal forming technology and mold, plastic molding process and mold design, decoration and plastic products, mold materials and heat treatment, mold manufacturing, CNC machining technology, product design, mold computer aided design (CAD), mold computer aided manufacturing (CAM), computer aided analysis of molding process, molding (CAE) equipment and computer control, innovative design, mold, mold production management and marketing. Employment direction: Computer Aided Design in metal mold and plastic products, technology and related materials processing engineering in various industries, computer aided manufacturing, NC machining, test development, quality inspection analysis, management of marketing, education and scientific research work. Material forming and Control Engineering (material processing and control information) objective: to cultivate the basic principle of material processing, computer control and information science knowledge and skills, master the material forming process automation and artificial intelligence, expert information system establishment and development, mechanical parts and tooling, computer aided design and manufacturing thepreparation of new materials and processing, advanced forming technology and equipment, material organization and the performance analysis and control of professional knowledge, to senior engineering and technical personnel engaged in material processing, computer and information technology application in the field of product and technology development, design and manufacturing, quality control, management and other aspects. Main courses: Fundamentals of materials science, material forming principle, material structure and properties of computer numerical control principle, advanced materials processing technology, surface engineering, modern materials aided design and manufacturing, mold CAD/CAM, computer simulation technology, control engineering and numerical control principle and programming, testing technology and control engineering and computer network and expert information the application, in material processing and material processing enterprise computer management information system, material processing quality analysis and control, micro analysis and computer image processing. Employment direction: in the electronic information products manufacturing industry, machinery manufacturing industry, automobile manufacturing and other fields in a variety of materials processing and preparation, application of computer and information technology and material processing technology and tooling control, computer aided design and manufacturing, technology and product development, quality control, management, inspection of goods and technology supervision and other aspects of the work, but also can be widely employed in education and scientific research, commercial trade and professional consulting department. Length of schooling: 4 years. Degree conferred: Bachelor of engineering. College:mechanical and electrical engineering institute. Similar specialty: mechanical design, manufacture and automation. Material forming and control engineering what is [1]? Studies of material forming and control engineering change materials by thermal processing, microstructure and macroscopic properties of surface shape, influence of process factors on thermal processing of materials, solve the forming process of development, the theory and method of optimization of molding equipment, design theory; and the method of mold, mold manufacturing research in materials, heat treatment, machining method etc.. This discipline is the pillar industry of national economic development. Objective: to cultivate the theory basic, materials science and engineering materials processing and control engineering, mold design and manufacturing expertise of the professional, in machinery, tooling, materials processing in the field of scientific research, development, application process and equipment design, production and management work of the senior engineering technology personnel and management personnel.The professional training is divided into three modules: (a) welding and control training can adapt to the needs of society, to master the basic theory of metal material, welding welding, welding test, welding method and welding equipment, production management and other comprehensive knowledge of senior technical personnel. (two) mold design and manufacture of plastic molding materials: master the basic theory, mold design and mold manufacturing, computer aided design, plastic processing production management of the overall knowledge of senior technical personnel. On the basis of learning courses: higher mathematics, College English, college physics, computertechnology and other basic courses based on the professional learning of engineering mechanics, mechanical design, metal material science principle and performance analysis and testing technology, materials science, engineering, material science, surface engineering, welding metallurgy, metal welding, welding materials with the method of welding equipment, welding test, welding structure, failure analysis and quality control of plastic forming theory, forming rubber material, plastic mold, metal stamping process and mold design, mold base CAD/CAM, mold manufacturing technology and professional knowledge and professional course of heat treatment. In addition to strengthening the specialized basic courses, the major will increase the proportion of specialized elective courses and experimental courses, so that students can have a solid and broad professional theoretical knowledge and strong professional skills. Training features: mechanics and materials science are the national key disciplines, the professional knowledge involves a wide, large amount of information, focusing on English skills, computer skills and practical ability training, so that students have a strong ability to adapt, innovation ability, the ability to analyze and solve problems. In addition, we should pay attention to the quality education of students, and cultivate high-quality talents with innovative spirit. Employment whereabouts: this major has the right to confer Bachelor of engineering, master of engineering and doctorate in engineering, and students may choose to pursue further studies. Students after graduation to the machinery manufacturing industry, automobile and ship manufacturing, metal and rubber processing industry in the fields of material and welding material molding, mold design and manufacturing and other related production process control,technology development, scientific research, management, marketing and other aspects of the work of trade. The profession has a wide range of job choices, a large market demand, and a good employment situation. (three): control of casting and casting can be metal melting in compliance with the requirements of the certain liquid and poured into the mold, the cooling solidification, cleaning after processing a predetermined shape, size and performance of the casting process. Casting blank is almost forming, which achieves the goal of free machining or less processing, reduces cost and reduces time to a certain extent. Casting is one of the basic processes of modern manufacturing industry. There are many kinds of casting. According to the molding method, they are divided into: general sand casting, including wet sand mold, dry sand mold and chemical hardening sand mold 3 kinds. The special casting, special casting press molding materials can be divided into natural mineral sand as the main materials (such as casting, mud casting, casting, vacuum casting, shell mould casting workshop, mold casting, ceramic mold casting etc.) special casting and metal as the main materials (such as metal mold type casting, pressure casting, continuous casting, low pressure casting, centrifugal casting, etc.) two. The casting process usually includes: cast (liquid metal castings become a container solid preparation, mold) according to the material used can be divided into sand, metal, ceramic, clay, graphite, according to the frequency of use can be divided into single type, semi permanent and permanent mold, mold preparation is the main factors affecting the quality of castings; casting the melting and casting of metals, metal (alloy) main cast iron, cast steel and cast nonferrous alloy castings; the processing and inspection, casting processing cores and casting surfaceincluding the removal of foreign body, resection of sprue, grinding burrs and fash protrusions and heat treatment plastic, anti rust and rough machining etc.. The casting process can be divided into three basic parts, namely, casting metal preparation, casting preparation and casting processing.Casting metal refers to casting pouring casting metal material used in the production, it is a kind of metal elements as the main ingredient, and adding other metal or nonmetal elements and the composition of the alloy, traditionally known as the main cast alloy, cast iron, cast steel and cast nonferrous alloys. Industry trends: the trend of foundry product development is to require castings to have better overall performance, higher accuracy, less margin and smoother surface. In addition, the demand for energy conservation and the community's call for the restoration of the natural environment are also increasing. To meet these requirements, the new casting alloys will be developed, and new smelting processes and equipment will be developed accordingly. With the continuous improvement of the mechanization and automation of foundry production, more flexible production will be developed, so as to expand the adaptability to different batches and varieties. New technologies to conserve energy and raw materials will be given priority, and new technologies and equipment that produce less or no pollution will be the first priority. Quality control technology will have new developments in the detection of various processes and nondestructive testing, stress measurement. The development of foundry industry, casting is one of the basic processes of modern machine building industry. Therefore, the development of foundry industry symbolizes the productive power of acountry. China has become one of the world's largest foundry machinery, and has made great achievements in the foundry machinery manufacturing industry in recent years. Material forming and Control Engineering (steel rolling direction) training objective: to train high-quality skilled personnel in the fields of material forming, production, management, design and service. Main courses: mechanical design, mechanical drawing, material production and the design of pass, plate and strip production, wire production, hydraulic transmission, electrical and electronics, mechanical design, and the heat treatment of metals, materials forming principle, theoretical mechanics, mechanics of materials, technology and equipment, material forming PLC programming and control, material processing CAD/CAM, etc.. Main jobs: material forming process design and related equipment maintenance, debugging, material molding, production, organization and management, related products sales. It can be widely employed in automobile manufacturing, mould, shipbuilding, forging, casting and other mechanical industries.。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语及翻译解读
最新消息1-2the benefits of civilization which we enjoy today are essentiallydue to the improved quality of products available to us .文明的好处我们享受今天本质上是由于改进质量的产品提供给我们。
the improvement in the quality of goods can be achieved with proper design that takes into consideration the functional requirement as well as its manufacturing aspects. 提高商品的质量可以达到与适当的设计,考虑了功能要求以及其制造方面。
The design process that would take proper care of the manufacturing process as well would be the ideal one. This would ensure a better product being made available at an economical cost.设计过程中,将采取适当的照顾的生产过程将是理想的一个。
这将确保更好的产品被使可得到一个经济成本。
Manufacturing is involved in turning raw materials to finished products to be used for some purpose. 制造业是参与将原材料到成品用于某些目的。
In the present age there have been increasing demands on the product performance by way of desirable exotic properties such as resistance to high temperatures, higher speeds and extra loads.在现在的时代已经有越来越多的产品性能要求的理想的异国情调的性能如耐高温,更高的速度和额外的负载These in turn would require a variety of new materials and its associated processing.这些反过来需要各种新材料及其相关的处理Also, exacting working conditions that are desired in the modern industrial operations make large demands on the manufacturing industry.这些反过来需要各种新材料及其相关的处理。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语--1.MATERIALS-AND-THEIR-PROPERTIES解析
1.1 Metals and Non-metalsWords and termsdefinite－确定的、明确的defect－缺陷plastic deformation塑性变形stress concentrator 应力集中点self-strengthening自强化the tip of a crock裂纹尖端☐Among numerous properties possessed by materials，their mechanical properties，in the majority of cases，are the most essential and therefore，they will be given much consideration in the book．☐在一些主要应用场合，机械性能是材料的各种性能中最重要的性能，因此，本书中将重点讨论。
▪consideration 考虑，需要考虑的事项，报酬☐All critical parts and elements，of which a high reliability （可靠性）is required，are made of metals, rather than of glass，plastics or stone.☐由于各种关键零部件的可靠性要求高，均用金属而不是玻璃、塑料或石头制造。
▪is required 翻译时将英文中的被动语态，改译为汉语中的主动语态。
▪rather than 而不是☐As has been given in Sec.1-1，metals are characterized by the metallic bond（金属键），where positive ions （正离子）occupy the sites of the crystal lattice （晶格）and are surrounded by electron gas（电子云）．☐正如Sec1-1中所说，金属主要由金属键组成（其特征主要……）。
材料成型级控制工程专业英语阅读
材料成型级控制工程专业英语阅读1.2.1 Plain Carbon Steel 普通碳钢Hot-rolled steel delivered （供给）by steelmaking works as rolled sections(bars, beams，sheets．tubes，etc) is the most wildly used material for manufacture of various machines，machine tools, building structures，consumer goods，etc．Delivered steel should have the properties as specified by State Standards （国家标准）．钢铁制造车间供给的热轧钢主要为棒材、柱材、板材、管材等，热轧钢是制造各种机械、机器工具、建筑结构和消费品中应用最广泛的材料。
所供给的钢应具有国家标准规定的各种性能。
In the RSSU．Plain carbon steels are classified into three groups：A, B and C，depending on their application.在RSSU中，普通碳钢根据其用途分为A、B、C三类。
A: If a steel is to be used for making products without hot working (welding, Forging．Etc.). Its structure and properties in the final product will be the same as delivered from the rolling mill．In that case the user requests for a steel of warranted（保证）mechanical properties，while the chemical composition is not guaranteed（保证、担保）．A:如果钢在制造产品的过程中没有进行热加工（焊接、锻造等），则最终产品的组织和性能将与轧厂提供的相同。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语及翻译解读
最新消息1-2the benefits of civilization which we enjoy today are essentiallydue to the improved quality of products available to us .文明的好处我们享受今天本质上是由于改进质量的产品提供给我们。
the improvement in the quality of goods can be achieved with proper design that takes into consideration the functional requirement as well as its manufacturing aspects. 提高商品的质量可以达到与适当的设计,考虑了功能要求以及其制造方面。
The design process that would take proper care of the manufacturing process as well would be the ideal one. This would ensure a better product being made available at an economical cost.设计过程中,将采取适当的照顾的生产过程将是理想的一个。
这将确保更好的产品被使可得到一个经济成本。
Manufacturing is involved in turning raw materials to finished products to be used for some purpose. 制造业是参与将原材料到成品用于某些目的。
In the present age there have been increasing demands on the product performance by way of desirable exotic properties such as resistance to high temperatures, higher speeds and extra loads.在现在的时代已经有越来越多的产品性能要求的理想的异国情调的性能如耐高温,更高的速度和额外的负载These in turn would require a variety of new materials and its associated processing.这些反过来需要各种新材料及其相关的处理Also, exacting working conditions that are desired in the modern industrial operations make large demands on the manufacturing industry.这些反过来需要各种新材料及其相关的处理。
材料成型及控制工程专业英语版介绍-完整版-狂砍幸福
Material molding and control engineering research through the hot working to change the microstructural structure, macro properties and surface shape, the hot working process of the relevant technological factors on the influence of the materials, solve the molding process development, molding equipment, process optimization theory and method. The die design theory and method, the mould manufacturing of material, heat treatment, processing methods. This subject is the development of national economy of pillar industry.This specialized raise has materials science and engineering theory basis, material molding process and control engineering, mould design and manufacture professional knowledge, can in machinery, mould, material molding manufacture engaged in scientific research, application development, technology and equipment for the design, manufacturing and operation management, the advanced engineering and technical personnel and management personnel. This major is divided into two training module:(1)welding forming and control:Training to adapt to the needs of society, grasp the basic theory of welding forming, metal material welding, welding inspection, welding methods and equipment, welding production management comprehensive knowledge of the senior technical personnel.(2) the mold design and manufacturing:Master the material plastic forming the basic theory, the die design and manufacture, die computer-aided design, materials such as plastic processing production management comprehensive knowledge of the senior technical personnel.The professional bachelor's, master's with PhD degree of engineering and architecture, students can choose to further study. Students can to machinery manufacturing, automotive and shipping manufacture, metal and rubber and plastic materials processing, etc and welding material molding, engaged in the mould design and manufacturing, and related control of the production process, technical development, scientific research, business management, trade marketing, etc. This major wide employment, the market demand, the employment situation is good.Material molding and control engineering is the predecessor of the metal casting professional. The early liberation, China's metal materials professional belongs to the discipline of the machinery, metal forming belong to major in mechanical engineering. Due to the needs of the development of the industry, our country in the early days of the steel smelting level and scale improve soon, corresponding promoted the metal especially steel molding the professional development. Beijing steel institute (now the Beijing science and technology university), wuhan iron and steel institute, shenyang mechanical engineering college is China's earlier a batch of metal forming research institutions. Other universities in the mechanical engineering also have metal casting molding subject, these professional training for our country in the early days of a large number of socialist construction personnel. The-60-s, under the help of the Soviet union, China's rapid development of industry, the corresponding molding the professional have gained great achievements, all kinds of machine manufacturing needs a lot of metal parts, and these parts of the strength and hardness and size requirement enhances unceasingly, metal forming level and therefore get improved a lot.At present, the material molding and control engineering has become one of the components materials to an important process, the modern industrial development on parts of the performance requirements more and more high, some application of materials depends not only on the material itself all sorts of function, but also on its mechanical properties can be processed. Therefore, material molding industry has been accompanied by the development of new high technology ceaselessly. In the 90 s, China has built a large number of modern material molding enterprise, make our country material processing standards have been raised, some export added value of products improve. At present our country some enterprise production of stamping, stretch forming parts already exported to Japan motor corporation the company of affiliation, Toshiba corporation the company of affiliation, Fuji, motor, kawasakiheavy industries, wu mountain instrument corporation and other enterprise. By cold forming, hot extrusion process of copper pipe production has been exported to the United States, Germany and Australia and other countries.Our country material molding and control technology is still needs further development, computer control forming technology in our country at present is still in the initial stage, and in this industry the technology level of our country in the world still is backward, and our country to this domain product demand is big rise, thereby material molding field would be in the next few years for considerable development. 21 century information industry, material industry, the energy industry will be the national production of the three pillar industries, and material molding and control technology material industry is one of the important parts, it would involve all fields of national production.。
材料成型专业英语
绪论金属材料：metal material (MR)高分子材料：high-molecular material 陶瓷材料：ceramic material复合材料：composition material成形工艺：formation technology1 铸造铸造工艺：casting technique铸件：foundry goods （casting）机器零件：machine part毛坯：blank力学性能：mechanical property砂型铸造：sand casting process型砂：foundry sand1.1 铸件成形理论基础合金：alloy铸造性能：casting property工艺性能：processing property收缩性：constringency偏析性：aliquation氧化性：oxidizability吸气性：inspiratory铸件结构：casting structure使用性能：service performance浇不足：misrun冷隔：cold shut夹渣：cinder inclusion粘砂：sand fusion缺陷：flaw, defect, falling流动性：flowing power铸型：cast (foundry mold)蓄热系数：thermal storage capacity浇注：pouring凝固：freezing收缩性：constringency逐层凝固：layer-by-layer freezing糊状凝固：mushy freezing结晶：crystal缩孔：shrinkage void缩松：shrinkage porosity顺序凝固：progressive solidification冷铁：iron chill补缩：feeding等温线法：constant temperature line method 内接圆法：inscribed circle method铸造应力：casting stress变形：deforming裂纹：crack机械应力：mechanical stress热应力：heat stress相变应力：transformation stress 气孔：blow hole铸铁：ingot铸钢：cast steel非铁合金：nonferrous alloy灰铸铁：gray cast-iorn孕育处理：inoculation球墨铸铁：spheroidal球化处理：sheroidisation可锻铸铁：ductile cast iron石墨：graphite蠕墨铸铁：vermicular cast iron 热处理：heat processing铝合金：Al-alloy熔炼：fusion metallurgy铜合金：copper alloy氢脆：hydrogen brittleness1.2 铸造方法（casting method）手工造型：hand moulding机器造型：machine moulding金属型：metal mold casting金属模：permanent mould压力铸造：press casting熔模铸造：investment moulding蜡膜：cere离心铸造：centrifugal casting低压铸造：casting under low pressure 差压铸造：counter-pressure casting 陶瓷型铸造：shaw process1.3 铸造工艺设计浇注位置：pouring position分型面：mould joint活块：loose piece起模：patter drawing型芯：core型芯撑：chaplet工艺参数：processing parameter下芯：core setting合型：mould assembly冒口：casting head尺寸公差：dimensional tolerance尺寸公差带：tolerance zone机械加工余量：machining allowance 铸孔：core hole非标准：nonstandard label收缩率：rate of contraction线收缩：linear contraction体收缩：volume contraction起模斜度：pattern draft铸造圆角：curving of castings芯头：core register芯头间隙：clearance芯座：core print seat分型线：joint line分模线：die parting line1.4 铸造结构工艺性加强筋：rib reinforcement撒砂：stuccoing内腔：entocoele2 金属塑性加工塑性加工：plastic working塑性：plastic property锻造：forge work冲压：punching轧制：rolling拉拔：drawing挤压：extruding细化晶粒：grain refinement热锻：hit-forging温锻：warm forging2.1 金属塑性加工理论基础塑性变形：plastic yield加工硬化：work-hardening韧性：ductility回复温度：return temperature再结晶：recrystallize再结晶退火：full annealing冷变形：cold deformation热变性：heat denaturation锻造比：forging ratio镦粗：upset拔长：pull out纤维组织：fibrous tissue锻造性能：forging property可锻性：forgeability变形抗力：resistance of deformation 化学成分：chemical constitution热脆性：hot brittleness冷脆性：cold-shortness变形速度：deformation velocity应力状态：stress condition变形温度：deformation temperature过热：overheating过烧：burning脱碳：carbon elimination始锻温度：initiation forging temperature 终锻温度：final forging temperature2.2 金属塑性加工方法自由锻：flat-die hammer冲孔：jetting弯曲：bend弯曲半径：bending radius切割：cut扭转：twist rotation错移：offsetting锻接：percussion基本工序：basic process辅助工序：auxiliary process精整工序：finishing process模锻：contour forging锻模：forging die胎膜锻：fetal membrane forging剪床：shearing machine冲床：backing-out punch冲裁：blanking弹性变形：elastic distortion塑性变形：plastic yield剪切变形：shearing deformation最小弯曲半径：minimum bending radius 曲率：angularity弯裂：rupture回弹：rebound辊轧：roll forming辊锻：roll forging斜轧：oblique rolling横轧：transverse rolling辗压：tamping drum挤压：extruding拉拔：draft2.3 塑性加工工艺设计工艺规程：process specification锻件图：forging drawing敷料：dressing锻件余量：forging allowance锻件公差：forging tolerance工夹具：clamping apparatus加热设备：firing equipment加热规范：heating schedule冷却规范：cooling schedule后续处理：after treatment分模面：die parting face冲孔连皮：punching the wad模锻斜度：draft angle圆角半径：radius of corner圆饼类锻件：circumcresent cake-like forging 长轴类锻件：long axis-like forging2.4 锻件结构工艺性锥体：cone斜面：cant空间曲线：curve in space粗糙度：degree of roughness2.5 冲压件结构工艺性3 焊接焊接：welding铆接：riverting熔焊：fusion welding压焊：press welding钎焊：braze welding3.1 焊接理论基础冶金：metallurgy电弧焊：arc welding气焊：acetylene welding电渣焊：electro-slag welding高能束焊：high energy welding电子焊：electronic welding激光焊：laser welding等离子焊：plasma welding电弧：electric arc阳极区：anode region阴极区：negative polarity弧柱区：arc stream正接法：electrode negative method 反接法：opposition method脱氧剂：deoxidizing agent焊缝：welded seam焊缝区：weld zone熔合区：fusion area热影响区：heat-affected zone脆性断裂：brittle fracture过热区：overheated zone正火区：normalized zone相变区：phase change zone焊接应力：welding stress收缩变形：contraction distortion角变形：angular deformation弯曲变形：bend deformation扭曲变形：warping deformation波浪变形：wave transformation反变形法：reversible deformation method刚性固定法：rigid fixing method预热：warming-up缓冷：slow cool焊后热处理：postweld heat treatment矫形处理：shape-righting3.2 焊接方法埋弧焊：hidden arc welding气体保护焊：gas shielded arc welding氩弧焊：argon welding熔化极氩弧焊：consumable electrode argon welding 钨极氩弧焊：argon tungsten-arc welding二氧化碳气体保护焊：CO2 gas shielded arc welding 碳弧焊：carbon arc welding碳弧气刨：carbon arc air gouging电渣焊：electro-slag welding高能焊：high grade energy welding等离子弧切割：plasma arc cutting (PAC) 堆焊：bead weld电阻焊：resistance welding电焊：electric welding缝焊：seam welding压焊：press welding多点凸焊：multiple projection welding 对焊：welding neck摩擦焊：friction welding扩散焊：diffusion welding硬钎料：brazing alloy软钎料：soft solder3.3 常用金属材料的焊接焊接性：weldability焊接方法：welding method焊接材料：welding material焊条：electrode焊剂：flux material碳素钢：carbon steel低碳钢：low carbon steel中碳钢：medium carbon steel高碳钢：high carbon steel低合金钢：lean alloy steel不锈钢：non-corrosive steel有色金属：nonferrous metal3.4 焊接工艺设计型材：sectional bar药皮：coating焊丝：soldering wire连续焊缝：continuous weld断续焊缝：intermittent weld应力集中：stress concentration焊接接头：soldered joint坡口：groove对接：abutting joint搭接：lap joint角接：corner joint4 粉末冶金（power metallurgy）粉末冶金成品：finished power metallurgical product 铁氧体：ferrite硬质合金：sintered-carbide高熔点金属：high-melting metal陶瓷：ceramic4.1 粉末冶金工艺理论基础压坯：pressed compact扩散：diffusion烧结：agglomeration固溶： solid solubility化合：combination4.2 粉末冶金的工艺流程制备：preparation预处理：anticipation还原法：reduction method电解法：electrolytic method 雾化法：atomization粒度：grain size松装密度：loose density流动性：flowing power压缩性：compressibility筛分：screen separation混合：compounding制粒：pelletization过烧：superburning欠烧：underburnt5 金属复合成型技术自蔓延焊接：SHS welding热等静压：HIP准热等静压：PHIP5.1 液态成型技术与固态成型技术的复合高压铸造：high-pressure casting 电磁泵：magnetic-pump压射成型：injection molding柱塞：plunger piston冲头：drift pin凝固法：freezing method挤压法：extrusion method转向节：knuckle pivot制动器：arresting gear5.2 金属半凝固、半熔融成型技术凝固：freezing半熔融：semi-vitreous触变铸造：thixotropy casting触变锻造：thixotropy forging注射成型：injection molding5.3 其他金属成型新技术快速凝固：flash set非晶态：amorphous溢流法：press over system喷射沉积：ejecting deposit爆炸复合法：explosion cladding method 扩散焊接：diffusion welding挤压：extruding轧制：roll down6 非金属材料成型技术6.1 高分子材料成型技术高分子材料：non-metal material耐腐蚀：resistant material绝缘：insulation老化：ageing耐热性：heat-durability粘弹性：viscoelasticity塑料：plastic material橡胶：rubber合成纤维：syntheticfibre涂料：covering material粘结剂：agglomerant粘度：viscosity热塑性塑料：thermoplastic plastics热固性塑料：thermosetting plastic通用塑料：general-purpose plastics工程塑料：engineering plastic 薄膜：thin film增强塑料：reinforced plastics 浇注塑料：pouring plastics注射塑料：injiection plastics 挤出塑料：extrusion plastics吹塑塑料：blowing plastics模压塑料：die pressing plastics 聚合物：ploymer semiconductor 吸湿性：hygroscopic cargo定向作用：directional action 生胶：green glue stock填料：carrier丁苯橡胶：SBR顺丁橡胶：BR氯丁橡胶：CR丁腈橡胶：NBR硅橡胶：Q聚氨酯橡胶：U压延：calender硫化：sulfuration胶粘剂：adhesive胶接：glue joint刹车片：brake block零件修复：parts renewal蜂窝夹层：honeycomb core material 6.2 工业陶瓷制品的成型技术干燥：drying坯料：blank润滑剂：anti-friction结合剂：binder热压铸：hot injiection moulding 6.3 非金属材料成型技术的新进展热压烧结：hot pressed sintering7 复合材料的成型技术复合材料：composite material树脂：resin7.1 金属复合材料的成型技术硼纤维：boron fiber钛合金：titanium alloy碳纤维：carbon filter等离子喷涂：plasma spraying浸渍法：immersion method锭坯：ingot blank7.2 聚合物基复合材料的成型技术晶须：whisker缠绕成形：enwind forming湿法缠绕：wet method enwind7.3 陶瓷复合材料成型技术料浆：slurry溶胶-凝胶法：sol-gel method化学气相沉积： chemical vapor deposition (CVD) 原位：in situ8 材料成型方法的选择粉末冶金：powder metallurgy工程塑料：engineering plastics工程陶瓷：engineering ceramics。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
-6-
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
but since the plasticity of the material is high，the metal is deformed plastically in that point，say，at the tip of a crack，undergoes strengthening, and the process of fracture comes to an arrest.
正如Sec1-1中所说，金属主要由金属键组成（其特征主 要……）。金属键就是正离子占有晶格位置，周围包围着电 子云。
-4-
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
All bond(共 价键)，these types of bond are rigid and are due to electrostatic attraction of two ions of unlike charges．
非金属主要由离子键或者共价键组成。这些类型的化学键不 是通过电荷间，而是离子间的静电吸引连接在一起的。这种 连接是刚性的。
Bond n. 结合(物), 粘结(剂), 联结, 公债, 债券, 合 同
-5-
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Because of the metallic bond，metals are capable of plastic deformation （塑性变形）and selfstrengthening（加工硬化） upon plastic deformation. Therefore , if there is a defect（缺陷） in a material or if the shape of an element is such that there are stress concentrators ,the stresses in these points may attain a great value and even cause cracking .
Arrest-t停止、扣留、制动、逮捕。Fracture－裂纹、断裂
但是由于材料的塑性好，金属可以在这些位置产生塑性变形， 即：裂纹尖端产生硬化，会推迟断裂过程的产生。
-7-
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
This does not occur in non-metals．They are uncapable of plastic deformation and selfstrengthening. Therefore, fracture（断裂） will occur as soon as the stresses at the tip of a defect exceed a definite value．
-1-
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
Among numerous properties possessed by materials，their mechanical properties，in the majority of cases，are the most essential and therefore，they will be given much consideration in the book．
在一些主要应用场合，机械性能是材料的各种性能中最重要 的性能，因此，本书中将重点讨论。
consideration 考虑，需要考虑的事项，报酬
-2-
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
All critical parts and elements，of which a high reliability（可靠性）is required，are made of metals, rather than of glass，plastics or stone.
由于各种关键零部件的可靠性要求高，均用金属而不是玻璃、 塑料或石头制造。
is required 翻译时将英文中的被动语态，改译为汉语中的 主动语态。 rather than 而不是
-3-
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
As has been given in Sec.1-1，metals are characterized by the metallic bond（金属键）， where positive ions （正离子）occupy the sites of the crystal lattice （晶格）and are surrounded by electron gas（电子云） ．
这一现象则不会在非金属中出现。非金属不能进行塑性变形 和发生加工硬化现象。因此，一旦某处缺陷的应力超过某一 定值后，就会产生断裂。
材料成型及控制工程 专业英语
上海工程技术大学 材料学院
2009 © Hisuntech Corp.
CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND THEIR PROPERTIES
1.1 Metals and Non-metals Words and terms definite－确定的、明确的 defect－缺陷 plastic deformation塑性变形 stress concentrator 应力集中点 self-strengthening自强化 the tip of a crock裂纹尖端