英语：必修4 Unit3 Tomorrow's world-Welcome to the unit课件(译林牛津版)
☆What
else can a robot do? Robots can do a lot of repetitive (重复的) or dull (重复的 重复的) things for human beings, such as doing housework; producing more high-tech highproducts, and doing boring or dangerous work. ☆Do you think you will have a robot at home in the future?
Before our lesson, let’s enjoy a video.
What’s the video about?
• It’ s a part of the film---ET. It is a fiction film. It talks about the stories between an alien and a family.
Some men are tired of shaving(刮胡子 but 刮胡子), 刮胡子 they have to shave every day. What will they do with this matter in the future?
The schoolbag become heavier and heavier. What about in the future?
Picture four
1. Can you tell where these “people” are working? In the office 2. Can you tell who these “people” are what they are doing? They are humans and aliens. They are discussing some important things. 3. What problems are the aliens and the people probably talking about? Peace issues in the Galaxy (银河) or trade affairs between other planets and the Earth. 4. What is the relationship between them? Workmates.
2. What job do you think robots could do in the future?
In my point of view, robots could do almost everything in the future. With the development of science and technology, they may be designed almost the same as humans. They could help people do boring and dangerous work. For example, it would be possible for robots to be lowered to the ocean floor and left to explore the ocean;
Different gates to different planets
• • •
Where are the passengers going? To the Moon, Jupiter or Mars If you had a chance, would you like to fly to the Moon or another planet? What will you do when you arrive there?
Why do you think so many people are interested in science fiction stories?
• Because they allow people to use their imagination and think about what life will be in the future.
What will our life be like in the future?
Suppose you want to visit the U.S. now. How will you travel? What about in the future?
Many people violate the traffic rules nowadays. What should we do to punish those who don’t obey the traffic man beings ____________ and the aliens ________ are having a meeting ______________ to discuss trade affairs ____________ between other planets and the Earth. They also talk about the peace ______ issues in the Galaxy(银河 银河). 银河
3. What developments in science and technology would you like to see happen in the future? New technology seems like magic, it can do a lot of amazing things that we could never imagine before, I’d like to see that a virtual world could be created with the help of technology so that people could live in both a real world and a virtual one. We could not only play games, travel or experience excitement in the virtual world, but also we could do whatever we can do in reality.
Travelling to the Moon or to another planet might be as easy as traveling to another city. You might just have to book a ticket, get packed and think about what presents you would like to bring back to your friends on the Earth.
•
Yes. I want to see if there some lives there, and bring some strange things to my families and friends.
• Do you believe that traveling to the Moon would be just like traveling to another city? • Yes. Traveling to the Moon or to another planet might be as easy as traveling to another city. You might just have to book a ticket, get packed and think about what present you would like to bring back to your friends on the Earth.
robots could play an important role in exploration missions(任务) to other missions(任务 任务) planets; they could also be the companions(同事 companions(同事) of humans and assist 同事) humans physically and psychologically(心理上 psychologically(心理上), that is, they 心理上), could perform more useful functions than just entertainment. All in all, robots could do much more in the future than we can imagine today.
• Do you think people can live that long in the future? Why or why not?
• With the development of genetic research, scientists can find out the secret of living longer. In the future, human beings can live much longer than we live today.
Discuss the three questions listed under the four pictures.
1.Do you think the moon could be a tourist destination in the future? Yes. With the development of science and technology, human beings could travel wherever they want in the future. The Moon and other planets could eventually (最 终)become tourist destinations.
译林牛津版必修4Unit 3 Tomorrow's worldWelcome to the unit (共21张PPT)
Picture one
What is the robot doing in this picture?
Serving dinner to his master.
Do you think robots can do everything for humans? Why or why not? Robots can do a lot of repetitive (重复的) or tedious (单调乏味的) things for human beings. For example, they can help people do housework; with the help of robots, more high-tech products can be produced, which will make people’s lives more convenient; what’s more, robots can help people do boring or dangerous work so that people can have time to relax.
Picture four
3. What problemபைடு நூலகம் are the aliens and the people probably talking about?
They are probably discussing peace issues in the Galaxy (银河系) or trade affairs between other planets and the Earth.
4. What is the relationship between them?
Workmates.
译林牛津高一英语必修4Unit3Tomorrow’sworld电子文本、课文注释及翻译
语篇翻译（一）课文注释Not just①watching a film ???RealCine—virtual reality②for everyoneThis presentation③will give you some information about RealCine: how it works, why it is better than a film, and how it can be used in other ways. The RealCine experience will amaze④you, and you will agree that this is an extraordinary⑤technology that deserves to be developed⑥further.The technology behind RealCine is virtual reality (VR). Unlike a film, where a passive⑦audience watches and hears what is happening on a screen, RealCine puts you into the action⑧and connects with⑨your senses of sight, hearing, smell and touch in an active way. Imagine that a VR user 'goes' sightseeing in the Himalayas. Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma, but the user will also⑩experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment; he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement? upon reaching the top.RealCine works by making the users feel that they are really in a new world --- a world that doesnot exist except in a computer program. To achieve this, special VR headsets are designed to allow the users to see in 3-D and hear the sound all around them. The movements of the headset indicate? the direction in which the user wants to go. The user also wears special gloves so he or she can 'touch' the people and objects that he or she sees. To add to the virtual world of RealCine, the headsets even have small openings that give out? smells to match the environment. Both the headsets and the gloves a re connected to? a computer network in the VR studio.In scientific studies it has been shown that VR can be a good treatment for people who have social problems. In one case, a teenager who was afraid of talking and playing with his schoolmates was treated with VR. In the world created by RealCine, he became the captain of the Brazilian football team and scored the winning goal in a World Cup final. This encouraged him to become? moreconfident around others.An argument has been put forward?that some users will be disappointed by?RealCine because VR is not real. However, with VR we are able to do things that could never be achieved in real life. For example, with the aid of? RealCine, a seventy-year-old grandfather recently took a trip to Africa. In reality?, he is disabled and can no longer walk, but he was able to see and touch a lion while still in the convenience? of the VR studio.Besides this, VR can be used to practise skills in a secure○21environment that otherwise would be quite dangerous. For example, firefighters could use RealCine to train safely, without the risk of○22getting injured in a burning building. It could be used in class as well○23. Teachers could bring history alive○24by placing○25students in an ancient town, or they could teach biology by allowing students to experience the world as a whale or a squirrel.Finally, RealCine provides fantastic technology for○26urban planning. Engineers can enter the design of a neighbourhood into a computer, and then use VR to 'walk' around the neighbourhood, see how it looks and make changes before construction is carried out○27. This kind of urban planning is in the long term○28cheaper and more practical, compared with○29the way most urban planning is done today. I recommend○30the government use the technology in the future planning of this city.课文注释①not just 不仅仅；不只是=not olny②virtual reality虚拟现实③presentation n. 呈现，描述，陈述；介绍；赠送④amaze vt. 使吃惊⑤extraordinary adj. 非凡的；特别的；离奇的⑥deserve to be done=deserve doing值得做某事⑦passive adj. 被动的，消极的；被动语态的n. 被动语态⑧put…into action付诸行动, 付诸实施⑨connect with连接；与…联系⑩Not only…but (also) 不仅…，而且…? a sense of achievement成就感 a sense of humour / direction/responsibility幽默感/方向感/责任感?indicate vt. 表明；指出；预示；象征?give out 散发，发出，分发；公布，发表；用尽，精疲力竭?be connected to 与…连接与；…有关联?encourage sb. to do 鼓励某人做某事discourage sb. from doing sth 阻止某人做某事?put forward vt. 提出；拿出；放出?be disappointed by/at sth (with sb.) 对…感到失望?with the aid of 在…的帮助下，在…的援助下?in reality 实际上，事实上=in fact=as a matter of fact=actually?convenience n. 便利；厕所；便利的事物○21secure adj. 安全的；无虑的；有把握的；稳当的vt. 保护；招致；缚住vi. 获得安全；船抛锚；停止工作○22without the risk of 没有…的危险with the risk of 有…的危险take the risk of 冒险做某事○23as well也；同样地○24bring … alive使…复活/再现○25place vt. 放置；任命；寄予vi. 名列前茅；取得名次n. 地方；住所；座位○26provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth提供某物给某人○27be carried out 被执行，得到实现○28in the long term从长远来看in the short term从短期来看；就眼前来说○29compared with与...相比较(作状语)○30recommend vt. 推荐，介绍；劝告；使受欢迎；托付vi. 推荐；建议课文译文不仅仅是看电影RealCine——人人都能享受的虚拟现实电影这次演讲将告诉大家有关RealCine的一些信息：它是如何应用的，为什么它比电影更好，它还有什么其它的用途。
【精品版】2021版新高考译林英语(江苏专版)一轮教师用书：必修4 Unit 3 Tomorrow''s world Word版含答案
三言两语1.As is known to us，smartphoneshave become an important part inour daily life and we need them tochat，to surf the Internet as well asentertain ourselves.2．It goes without saying thatmodern technology brings usconvenience and comfort in life.3．It is OK to leave an electricalappliance on so long as you are usingit — if not，turn it off！1.但是问题是许多中学生对手机越来越着迷。
But the problem isthat_a_number_of_middle_school_students_are_growing_increasingly_addicted_to_phones.2．显而易见，电脑对我们的学习有很大的帮助，尤其是对我们的英语听力。
It_is_obvious_that the computeris_of_great_help_to our study，especially to our English listening.[单词拼写应用]核心单词1．accuse v t.控诉，控告；谴责2．function v i.起作用，正常运转n．作用，功能；职能3．escape v i.& v t.逃跑，逃离，逃脱；被遗忘，被忽视；避免，避开n．逃离，逃脱4．master n．主宰；主人；大师v t.精通，掌握；控制5．hire v t.聘用，雇用；租用，租借6．exit n．出口；离去，退场v i.& v t.出去，离去，退场7．monitor n．(计算机)显示器；监测器；班长v t.& v i.监视8．pack v t.收拾(行李)，装箱；包装n.纸袋，纸盒；大背包；一群，一捆，一包[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2019·天津卷)A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning (function)，and he has often been in prison.2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) They were well trained by their masters (master) who had great experience with caring for these animals.3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program，students are_hired (hire) each year in a variety of summer positions....4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)．..old desktop monitors(monitor) and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption...5．The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping (escape) from the tube could lift it into the air.6．The high school students were_accused(accuse) of abusing their classmates the other day.拓展单词1．injure v t.伤害，损害→injury n．伤害，损害；负伤2．present v．颁发；展示；赠送；呈现→presentation n．展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示3．real adj.真的，真实的→really ad v.真地，真实地→reality n．现实，事实4．disable v t.使残疾→disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．残疾5．confident adj.自信的，肯定的，有把握的→confidently ad v.自信地→confidence n．信心，信任6．disappoint v t.使失望→disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望7．social adj.社交的，交际的；社会的→society n．社会→socialism n．社会主义→socialist adj.社会主义的→socialize v．交往，交际8．amaze v t.使惊奇，使惊诧→amazing adj.令人惊奇的→amazed adj.大为惊奇→amazement n．惊奇，惊愕，惊诧[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空1．Jack injured his leg when he was playing basketball yesterday.The doctor said that his injury was very serious.(injure)2．He is quite confident that he will pass the exam.He works very hard and we all have confidence in him.(confident)3．He was disabled in a car accident and his disability prevented him from holding any job.(disable)4．To my disappointment，I saw a disappointed expression on his face due to his disappointing test score.(disappoint)5．There is a very real difference between a dream and reality.(real)6．If it is difficult for you to digest the graphs I presented during the presentation，ask our market leader for more information.(present)7．To my amazement，the amazing news amazed the whole class and their teachers were also amazed.(amaze)阅读单词1．passive adj.被动的2．neighbourhood n．街区；邻近的地方3．sightseeing n．观光，游览4．constant adj.连续发生的，不断的；恒定的5．mushroom n．蘑菇；伞菌6．dinosaur n．恐龙7．biology n．生物学8．network n．(互联)网络9．secure adj.安全的；有把握的；稳固的，坚固的v t.获得；使安全1．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami (折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.v t.表演，呈现2．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ) Cover the hole with the plastic sheet，securing the edgesof the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock.vt. 固定3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ) The U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service carefully ①monitors and manages the wolf ②packs in Yellowstone.①v t. 监控，监视②n. 一群(动物)[短语多维应用]高频短语1.add_to 使增加，使增强，使扩大2．speak_of 说起，谈到3．blow_up (使)爆炸4．last_but_not_least 最后但同样重要的5．in_the_long_term/run 从长远来看[语境运用](填入一个适当的词)Speaking ①of science and technology，different people have differentopinions.Some think it brings us a lot ofconvenience，adding ②to our happinessof life，while others are concerned aboutthe disadvantages along with it.In myopinion，I think it's beneficial to us in③the long term/run，and we should takeadvantage of it.6.set_up 设立，建立7．connect_with/to 与……连接8．give_out/off 放出(声、光、气等)；公布9．put_forward 提出，提议10．carry_out 执行；实行；贯彻[语境运用](填入一个适当的词)A new cross-sea bridge is to be set up toconnect ④with two cities，which wasgiven ⑤out by the government last week，but the question is put ⑥forwardwhether we have enough money for thisproject.At last，the government announcesthat the plan will not be carried ⑦outuntil all preparations have been made. 11.hold_on_to 紧紧抓住12．in_terror 惊恐地13．compared_with与……比较起来14．as_to 至于，关于15．be_filled_with 充满[语境运用](填入一个适当的词)Several days ago，I experienced a travel tospace with the aid of VR.⑧As to thetravel，I thought it was pared⑨with other travels，it was convenient forme to float in space though I was filled16．all_of_a_sudden 突然⑩with anxiety and afraid of beinginjured.I held on ⑪to my guide ⑫interror，who was quite confident andfrequently told me a few guidelines that Ishould follow.Finally I came to feel ease.教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.not only位于句首，所在的分句使用部分倒装Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment... (2019·全国卷Ⅰ) 不仅可爱与积极生活的结果有关，而且也是造成那些结果的原因。
高一英语精品课件：Unit3 Tomorrow''''s world-project(牛津译林必修4)
The second summary:
What has the scientist invented? A machine that can take him into the future.
write about?
---What will happen in ‘Tomorrow’s World’.
Let’s read summaries of three famous science fiction.
Reading
1. Read the three summaries quickly and answer the questions: Which one do you like best? What are they mainly about? Who wrote these science fiction? Do you know something about them?
How do they come back to the earth? They teach themselves astrophysics and with the help of force from a black whole, they are able to guide the lost spaceship safely back to the Earth.
Zheng Wenguang (1929-2003) Beginning to write science fiction stories in the 1950s, he is regarded as the father of Chinese science fiction.
Unit 3《Tomorrow’s World》-project学案1(牛津译林版必修4)
M4U3 Tomorrow's world学案Project第一部分：重点讲解1.…, the professor and his nephew come across the Central Sea, a big underground ocean. (P58) by chance 偶遇The man I came across on board the plane ten years ago is now my best friend.come across sth (FIND) phrasal verb: to find / meet sth./sb. by chance:He came across some of his old love letters in his wife's drawer.When your friends come over for tea, you should greet them at the door.The song comes down to us from the 10th century.The meaning of his spee ch doesn’t come out well.I came out first in the examination.3.Scared and cold, the Time Traveller starts back towards the present. (P58) 又惊又冷，时光旅游者踏上了回到现在的旅程。
scared, cold 是形容词作伴随状语。
形容词和形容词短语都可作伴随状语，表示主语实施谓语动作时伴随的状态。
One woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing winds. 一位妇女躺在床上，没有睡着，静听着那急急的风声。
牛津译林版高中英语必修四Unit3Tomorrow’sworldWelco
单元：Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world板块：Welcome to the unit课堂设计指导思想：本节课是以听、说、读为主的讨论课。
讨论是师生之间、生生之间群策群力、彼此启发、彼此探讨，实现信息互换，扩大信息和思维容量，以求得解决问题和深化熟悉的一种方式，有助于学生在掌握必然知识的基础上，提高学习的主动性和分析问题、解决问题的能力。
讨论课追求的是主体性、探索性、信息加工的自主性和学生学习的合作性、交互性和彼此启发性。
Wel come to the unit是用来介绍本单元主题的，不仅对整个单元有“导入”作用，对Reading的教学更是具有增进知识，提高兴趣，扫除理解障碍的作用。
Teaching aims:1. Discuss wha t people could do in the future.2. I magine what tomorrow’s world would be like.Teaching procedures:Step 1 Lead-inShow students pictures abou t past, present and future life to in t roduce to subject. And ask students to think carefully and answer the following question: What makes our life change so fast? （PPT page 4，鼠标点击，逐条显示）AnswerThe rapid development of science and technology.Tell the students that with the rapid development of science and technology, some of our wildest dreams have come true today, and even more will be realized in the future.【设计说明】用今昔生活的庞大反差引发学生对未来生活转变的向往，激活学生的想象力，导入主题。
高中英语必修4Unit 3 Tomorrow’s worldWelcome to the unit
Who went on a virtual trip to Africa? My ninety-year-old grandfather
Ⅳ Detailed reading (Para 2~4)
Reading strategy
A business proposal should be:
Clear and persuasive
A good proposal Detailed information usually includes: Convincing facts examples
To make the proposal Passive voice is
Viewers can touch people and objects in the film Special food and drink chemicals are placed into the viewer’s mouth.
Answer the questions according to what you have read.
3. Why do some people think that viewers will be disappointed by RealCine?
Because VR is not real.
4. How could RealCine be used in classrooms?
Ⅴ Structure
How can RealCine excite the viewers’ five senses?
Sense Things needed
高中英语必修4Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world--Welcome to the unit
Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world--Welcome to the unitTeaching objectives:1.to discuss what people could do in the future.2.to imagine what tomorrow’s world would be like.3.to practise students’ spoken English.Teaching focus and difficulties:1.the vocabulary of future and technology.2.describing a future world.Teaching methods:1.individual work, pair work and group work to get students to take an activepart in classroom activities.2.discussion to help students to be cooperative.Teaching aids;The multimediaTeaching procedures:Step 1 Brainstorm1. Show students the famous film poster ET and ask them to think about: Would you think it would come true some day?2. Ask students to think about what life would be like in 3000.After watching some fantastic animations, ask them to discuss in pairs and give opinions to the whole class.Step 2 Discussion (pair work)Ask students to describe to their partners the four pictures in the textbook. Some questions are given to check their understanding of the pictures. Step 3 Discussion (group work)Ask students to discuss the three questions in the textbook one by one. They are divided in groups of four and choose a speaker to report to the whole class.Step 4 Further discussionShow some pictures of human cloning and star wars and ask students: would you like to see these things happen in the future?Ask them to discuss:How to protect the earth and human beings while developing science and technology?Step 5 Homework:1.Ask students to find more information about robots.2.Ask students to do reading on page 110.。
译林牛津版高中英语必修4课件 Unit 3 Tomorrow’s world Welcome 课件
Lead-in
What makes our life change so fast? What will life be like in the year 3000?
Discussion With the rapid development of science and technology, some of our wildest dreams could come true in the future. Look at the following pictures and discuss with your partners.
If you were given the chance to have dinner with some aliens, would you like to go? Why or why not?
Listening
It is true that science and technology have brought lots of changes which have made our life more convenient. But sometimes, the things brought by high-techs will cause some problems.
Picture 2
1.Where is it? it’s on the moon. 2.Do you believe that one day travelling to the Moon or planets, like Mars or Jupiter, would be like travelling to another city? If you had the chance to go, where would you go and what would you do?
英语：Unit3 Tomorrow’s world教案(牛津译林版必修4)
Unit3 Tomorrow’s world单元教案Part One: Teaching Design第一部分教学设计Aims and requirements♦ Read a formal proposal and summaries of three science fiction novels.♦ Listen to facts and opinions and an interview about computer use.♦ Discuss your views on technology and interview a classmate about his or her computer use.♦ Write a proposal for a computer room and a short science fiction story.Procedures● Welcome to the UnitStep 1: BrainstormingAs is known, most people love reading science fiction stories. These stories allow people to use their imagination and think about what life will be like in the future. What do you like most about science fiction stories? In order for all of us to have a good understanding of the text, try to design and make a poster for one of the science fiction stories you were asked to brought to class. How did you feel when you were reading the story? Draw several pictures which highlight the main characters and scenes in the story. You may also choose one scene in the story that you liked the most and draw one picture of this scene.Please tell your science fiction story in groups of four. Then I’ll ask a few students to tell your stories in front of the class.Now I’d like to ask you some questions which will help you to find out the main characteristics of science fiction stories.What do you like most about science fiction stories, the characters, plot or the language used? Why do you think so many people are interested in science fiction stories?( Because they allow people to use their imagination and think about what life will be like in the future.)Now look, here’s a stick in my hand. This stick is a ‘magic wand” and it can be used to make things happen in the future. Please have a discussion about the following questions and express your opinions freely.What will life be like in the year 2080?What would you like to happen by 2080?What would you not like to see in 2080?If you could use the magic wand to make one thing happen in the future, what would it be?Step 2: Sharing informationForm your own groups and discuss the three questions listed under the four pictures first..More questions for you to answer:Do you think robots will replace human beings in the future?ResourcesRobotsOne high-tech industry that is growing quickly in the 21st century is robots. Nowadays scientists are doing research and trying to build humanoid robots with arms and legs that can move freely. It has been reported that modern robots can even have thoughts and facial expressions. Robots can do a lot of work autonomously for humans. For more information about robots, you may check the following website:/~hpm/project.archive/robot.papers/1999/SciAm.scan.htmlResourcesVirtual reality cinemaA virtual reality cinema is one where computer graphics, sound effects, chemically produced odours and electrical sensors are used to create a complete environment, giving people the opportunity to have an enhanced interactive experience by exciting all five of their senses. Sensors that are triggered by movement are used to make the participant feel as if they are moving through this artificial environment. If you need more information, you can visit the following website: /virtual_reality.htmlStep 1: Leading-in1. The reading material is a business proposal about RealCine, a virtual reality cinema which is supported by extraordinary technology. You are required to learn some information about how this product works, why it is better than ordinary cinema, and how it can be used in many other ways. Ok, now some questions for you:Do you like reading novels?What kind of novel do you like best? What about science fiction novels?Why do you like them or not?Science fiction is often about the things that may be possible in the far future. It can help us develop our minds and imagination. Let’s watch the extracts from the film Alien.What kind of feelings do you have after watching it?Maybe you can strongly feel the rapid development of science and technology after watching the film. We will sense more advanced technology in the film industry.Step 2: Fast reading for general ideasThe article in this section is a business proposal which introduces a new business idea. Skim and scan the proposal and try to find answers to the three questions in Part A. Focus on the most important information needed to answer the questions. Pay attention to the structure of the2. Read the proposal carefully and complete Part C1. Questions in Part C1 are to check yourStep 3: Detailed reading for important informationAnswer the following question and fill in the chart according to the proposal.Read the following sentences and think about the characteristics of the language used in this article.I believe you will be amazed by the RealCine experience, and will agree that this is an extraordinary technology that must be developed further.Viewers will be surprised at how real it feels.RealCine works by making the viewers feel that they are actually in the film.I am sure you will agree that RealCine provides a fantastic opportunity for the film-maker industry.What do you think of the language used in these sentences? Don’t you think that the language used here is quite attractive and persuasive and clear as well?As a decision maker, do you think you would finally be persuaded to invest or develop RealCine? Why or why not?The purpose of a business proposal is to plan or suggest a new idea. The goal is to help the customers or the investors make their decisions. Therefore, clear and persuasive language is often used.Read the Reading strategy. See if you will learn something from it. A is often the case, a successful business proposal needs to be objective and that detailed information and convincing facts or examples together with the passive voice are frequently used to achieve this purpose. Therefore, when reading a business proposal, you can focus on these features.Read the article again and underline the sentences using the passive voice in the passage. Give some explanations why the passive voice is used.Part E is a reply to the proposal, which serves as a summary of the article about RealCine. PleaseStep 4: Post-reading activitiesNow I’d like you to hold a group discussion. Imag ine what special effect you hope to have if you can see a popular film like “Harry Potter” in RealCine.Do you think watching a Harry Potter film in RealCine is more exciting and interesting than in an ordinary cinema? Why or why not?Please make an advertisement poster for this imaginary virtual reality film. Then make an oral presentation of your advertisements in class. You can vote and choose the best one from all the ads. State your reasons for your choice.Write an introduction to RealCine. In the introduction, you may state your own opinions onRealCine.Here’s two opinions, what do you think of them? Let’s hold a debate activity in two groups. Please State your reasons freely.1) Those who support virtual reality believe that, with this technology, people can do almost everything, even things that cannot be realized in normal life. We don’t need to travel any more or spend so much time with friends any more. Virtual reality can provide any necessary features that we need in our life.2) Others insist that, real life and interpersonal communication should never be replaced by imaginary scenes. People should take off the headsets and experience the real life themselves.Do Parts A1 and A2 on page 96 in your workbook.Read the instructions for Part F and discuss with your partners the questions closely related to new technology. Share your opinions and report your answers to the class.Read Part A first and then do Part B in the writing section of this unit on page 103 in your workbook.●Word powerWord power deals with different expressions related to computers. By learning rules of word formations, such as adding suffixes to verbs, and adjectives to form abstract nouns, you’ll increase your vocabulary more easily.BrainstormingRevise the common suffixes that are used to form adjectives learnt in Unit 1.Compare the following two groups of words. You need to decide which part of speech each word is, and think about the similarities and differences between the two groups.Group1: house, milk, driver; gameGroup2: revision, preparation, decision, difference, information,All the words are nouns, but words in Group1 refer to physical things and those in Group2 refer to ideas, actions, and qualities. The nouns in Group2 are called abstract nouns, and we always useV ocabulary learning2. Read the words on the blackboard carefully and try to find the rules of forming abstract nouns3. Read the instructions on page 46. Compare the words on the blackboard with the words in the tables. Pay attention to the usage of abstract nouns. Most abstract nouns are uncountable. Only a few of them are countable, e.g., a hope, an idea, and a situation.V ocabulary extensionLook at the pictures of different parts of a computer. Please identify words about computers and understand the functions of different parts of a computer.Read carefully the picture on page 47 and name the different parts of the computer on theThe grammar in this unit deals with the passive voice. You are expected to learn the basic verb forms of the passive voice and some special passive patternsStep 1: Relative knowledge presentation1. Passive VoiceThe passive voice is used when focusing on the person or thing affected by an action.The Passive is formed: Passive Subject + To Be + Past ParticipleIt is often used in business and in other areas where the object of the action is more important than those who perform the action. For Example: We have produced over 20 different models in the past two years. Changes to: Over 20 different models have been produced in the past two years.If the agent (the performer of the action) is import ant, use “by.” For Example:Tim Wilson wrote The Flight to Brunnswick in 1987.The Flight to Brunnswick was written in 1987 by Tim Wilson.The following chart includes sentences changed from the active to the passive in the principal2. Passive Verb FormationThe passive forms of a verb are created by combining a form of the “to be verb.” with the past participle of the main verb. Other helping verbs are also sometimes present: “The measure could have been killed in committee.” The passive can be used, also, in various tenses. Let’s take a look3. The passive Voice of phrasal verbGenerally speaking, only transitive verbs can form the passive voice, for only transitive verbs can be followed by objects. But many intransitive verbs together with some prepositions and adverbs can be used as transitive verbs. So they can also be followed by the objects. Therefore they can also be used in passive voice.But note that all the phrasal verbs are used as a whole. When using them in passive voice, we cannot drop out the prepositions and adverbs. For examples:At last they put out the fire. At last the fire was put out.They will put up a notice on the wall. A notice will be put up on the wall.Have you sent for a doctor? Has the doctor been sent for?I have never heard of such a thing before. Such a thing has never been heard of before.We must take good care of the children here. The children must be taken good care of here. His classmates laughed at him for the foolish mistake. He was laughed at for the foolish mistake by his classmates.Step 2: Detail explainationYou’ve learned the basic verb f orms of the passive voice. Please pay attention to some of the rules when using the passive voice and some special passive patterns.Look at some sentences on the blackboard. Point out the verb, the subject and the object in each of these sentences.We keep food in the fridge. (The verb in this sentence is keep. The subject is we, and the object is food.)The boy broke the glass. (The verb in this sentence is broke. The subject is the boy, and the object is the glass.)You must close the windows and the door. (The verb in this sentence is close, and must is a model verb. The subject is you, and the object is the windows and the door.)The three sentences can be used in the passive voice. In the three sentences, the subjects are the doers of the actions, and the objects are things that are affected by the actions. Change the three sentences into the passive voice.Food is kept in the fridge.The glass was broken by the boy.The windows and the door must be closed.Here we use the auxiliary verb be+ the past participle of the verb to form the passive voice. As different tenses are often used, the auxiliary verb be is used in the same tense as the active verb. Read Part 1 on page 48 to find out the difference between the active voice and the passive voice. Read the article Not just watching a film in the Reading section again and point out the sentences in the passive voice. Work out in what tenses these passive sentences are, and how the different tenses are formed.Go over Part 2 and make a list of the passive voice in different tenses.Go over the six points in Part 3 one by one.Point 1Usually the doer of the action needn’t be mentioned in the passive sentence, but if it is needed, we use by to introduce the doer of the action. Point out the passive sentences without mentioning the doer in Not just watching a film and say why the doers of the actions are not used in these sentences. For example,…How it can be used in other ways. (It is difficult to say who the doer is.)Upon reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced. (It is not necessary to mention the doer.)Point 2When a verb is followed by two objects, either of the objects can be used as the subject in the passive sentence. However, you should know the difference between using the person and the thing as the subject. Read the two sentences in this point and identify the difference. Change the sentences on the blackboard into the passive voice, using both objects as the subjects. For example,Our teacher often tells us some interesting stories in English.→We are often told some interesting stories in English.Some interesting stories are often told to us in English.My friends gave me some nice presents on my birthday.→I was given some nice presents on my birthday by my friends.Some nice presents were given to me on my birthday by my friends.My mother will make us a cake this Saturday.→We will be made a cake by my mother this Saturday.A cake will be made for us by my mother this Saturday.In the first sentence of each group, the emphasis is on the person, whereas in the second sentence the focus is on the thing.Point 3When an infinitive is used as an object complement after some verbs, such as make, see or hear, in the active voice, the infinitive maker to should be omitted, but if the sentence is changed into the passive voice, to should be used before the infinitive. More examples:I often hear the girl play the piano in the afternoon.→The girl is often heard to play the piano in the afternoon.The teacher makes his students write a composition every week.→The students are made to write a composition every week.Point 4get/become can also be used in the passive voice instead of be. For example,get broken, get burnt, get dismissed, get hurt, get killed, get lost, get married, get injured, get attacked, get paidMy bike got stolen last night.You’d better get changed quickly, for the party will begin soon.This window seems to have got broken.Point 5Some verbs used in the active give a passive meaning. For example,This sweater washes well.The pen writes smoothly.This kind of English dictionaries sells well.Point 6Some transitive verbs cannot be used in the passive voice, for these verbs indicate states not actions. For example,I like pop songs and often listen to them.He has a big house near the river.You can depend on her to deal with the situation.Go over Part 4 and the tip box here. You will find out that there are two special sentence patterns which can be used in the passive voice. More examples for you:It is hoped that he will be better soon.It is reported that another manned satellite will be sent into the moon next month.It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned.It was once thought that the sun traveled around the Earth.Use the other patterns to say the above sentences.He is hoped to be better soon.Another manned satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month.The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned.The sun was once thought to travel around the earth.Read the four pieces of information about the top four exhibits on page 49. Tell which sentences in it can be changed into the passive voice. Underline the sentences and put them into the passivevoice.Complete the report. When doing it, you should pay attention to the different tenses used in theStep 3: Modal verbs and the passive voiceWe’ll learn how to use modal verbs in the passive voice to express ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc., and also learn to use modal verbs in the passive voice in the present and the past tenses.Go over Parts 1 and 2 on page 50 and tell how to form the passive voice with modal verbs. Read the example sentences in Part 2.Read the first report in the exercise and you should know what the report is used for. Complete the3. Do C1 and C2 in your workbook.Step 4: Verbs often used in the passive voiceSome of the verbs that are often used in the passive voice function as adjectives.Complete some sentences by choosing one of the two words given.The children are getting ____ about the coming holiday. (exciting; excited)Don’t you get ____ of arguing about the same thing all the time? (tiring; tired)Joan isn’t very good at Physics, so everyone was ___ when she passed the exam. (surprising; surprised)All of us were very ___ last Saturday because our team lost the game. (disappointing; disappointed)My parents are quite ___ with my best results. (pleasing; pleased)Both of them are ___ with the arrangement. (satisfying; satisfied)The correct answer for the blanks are the words ended in –ed, all of which functioned as adj., expressing one’s feeling about something.Read the instructions of the exercise on page 51 and the timeline. Complete the article withResources1. Intransitive verbs cannot be used in the passive voice because they do not have objects. However, some transitive verbs cannot be used in the passive, either. These verbs usually refer to states, not actions, such as have, fit, want, like and lack. For example,At least he had the good sense to turn the gas off.That jacket fits you perfectly.Do you want me to take you to the station?He just lacks a little confidence.I like it when a book is so good that you can't put it down.The box can hold all your clothes.The trip will cost you $1000.2. Not all prepositional verbs, that is, verb + a preposition, can be used in the passive voice.For example,We all argued about it for hours and eventually arrived at a decision.All of the people at the meeting agreed with me.The dog belongs to my cousin.After getting off his car, he walked into the house.The Princess was photographed shaking hands with AIDS victims.She doesn't usually take part in any of the class activities.3. In some situations, a past participle should be used after be. (When we want to say how we feel about something, we use the past participle; when we want to talk about someone or something that makes us feel something, we use the present participle.) For example,I’m tired of doing the same thing day afte r day. The job is really tiring.I didn’t think the story was frightening, but Helen was frightened by it.A: I think the film is really interesting.B: That’s why so many people are interested in it.3. ConsolidationI. Relative items in recent years’ col lege entrance examination:1. All the employees except the manager _____to work online at home. （04广东）A. encouragesB. encourageC. is encouragedD. are encouraged2. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____to eat more fruit and vegetables. （04上海）A. persuadeB. will persuadeC. be persuadedD. are persuaded3. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____by 2008. （04 北京)A. has been completedB. has completedC. will have been completedD. will have completed4. —Why did you leave that position?—I _________ a better position at IBM. (05北京)A. offerB. offeredC. am offeredD. was offered5. More patients _____in hospital this year than last year. （04江苏）A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated6. The crazy fans______ patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.（04重庆）A. were waitingB. had been waitingC. had waitedD. would wait7. More than a dozen students in that school _______ abroad to study medicine last year.（05上海卷）A. sentB. had sentC. were sentD. had been sent8. ---George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding? (04湖北)---No. I _______. Did they have a big wedding?A. was not invitedB. have not been invitedC. hadn’t been invitedD. didn’t invite9. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ____ yet. (03上海春)A. are not decidedB. have not been decidedC. is not being decidedD. has not been decided10. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ____ in Beijing. (03上海春)A. would be completedB. being completedC. has been completedD. had been completed11. No permission has _________ for anybody to enter the building. (MET88)A. been givenB. givenC. to giveD. be giving12. The police found that the house ________ and a lot of things___________. (MET90)A. has broken into, has been stolenB. had broken into, had been stolenC. has been broken into, stolenD. had been broken into, stolen13. ---Have you moved into the new house? (MET91)---Not yet, the rooms _________.A. are being paintedB. are paintingC. are paintedD. are being painting14. If city noises _________ from increasing, people ________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now. (MET 92)A. are not kept; will have toB. are not kept; have toC. do not keep; will have toD. do not keep; have to15. I don’t know the restaurant, but it’s _____to be quite a good one. (MET95)A. saidB. toldC. spokenD. talked16. --____the sports meet might be put off.--Yes, it all depends on the weather. (MET95)A. I’ve been toldB. I’ve toldC. I’m toldD. I told17. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____by the hour. (NMET98)A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay18. The hero’s story _______ differently in the newspaper. (NMET05)A. was reportedB. was reportingC. reportsD. reported19. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to _______ before the party.（NMET 04全国）A. get changedB. get changeC. get changingD. get to change20. According to the art dealer, the painting _______ to go for at last a million dollars. (NMET04)A. is expectedB. expectsC. expectedD. is expectingII. Translation:1.我很困, 因为我被蚊子搅了一整夜。